Physical Science Midterm Exam Mrs



Physical Science Midterm Exam Mrs. Marshall

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. The main branches of natural science are

|a. |physics and chemistry. |c. |medicine and agriculture. |

|b. |biology, zoology, and ecology. |d. |life, physical, and earth science. |

____ 2. Technology can best be defined as

|a. |science that uses computers. |c. |applied science. |

|b. |new inventions. |d. |the use of lenses and microscopes. |

____ 3. Pure science is best defined as the

|a. |continuing search for new knowledge. |

|b. |use of science to solve human problems. |

|c. |study of the makeup of living things. |

|d. |application of scientific knowledge. |

____ 4. What do scientists who do pure science do?

|a. |They look for ways to use scientific knowledge to solve problems. |

|b. |They develop new uses for scientific knowledge. |

|c. |They do experiments to find out about the world. |

|d. |They build faster and more powerful computers. |

____ 5. What is a scientific law?

|a. |It is the same as a hypothesis. |

|b. |It is a description of a natural event. |

|c. |It is an explanation of a scientific observation. |

|d. |It is the conclusion of a scientific experiment. |

____ 6. For a scientific theory to be valid, it must allow you to

|a. |perform experiments. |c. |find a new, more complex explanation. |

|b. |obtain new results each time. |d. |make predictions. |

____ 7. A scientific model is a

|a. |representation of a real event or object. |

|b. |small building used to conduct experiments. |

|c. |mathematical statement of a theory. |

|d. |new theory that takes the place of an incorrect one. |

____ 8. A series of logical steps that is followed in order to solve a problem is called the

|a. |experimental process. |c. |scientific method. |

|b. |scientific theory. |d. |model method. |

____ 9. The first step in the scientific method is usually

|a. |making an observation. |c. |collecting data. |

|b. |forming a hypothesis. |d. |testing a hypothesis. |

____ 10. Scientists test a hypothesis by

|a. |formulating questions. |c. |doing experiments. |

|b. |designing models. |d. |drawing conclusions. |

____ 11. Which question cannot be answered by an experiment?

|a. |Does penicillin kill Salmonella bacteria? |

|b. |Is rabies caused by a virus? |

|c. |Did a comet impact kill the dinosaurs? |

|d. |Can radiation cause cancer? |

____ 12. The SI unit for measuring temperature is the

|a. |degree. |c. |mole. |

|b. |kelvin. |d. |ampere. |

____ 13. Which SI prefix means one million?

|a. |kilo- |c. |giga- |

|b. |mega- |d. |milli- |

____ 14. Which SI prefix means one one-hundredth (1/100)?

|a. |nano- |c. |milli- |

|b. |micro- |d. |centi- |

____ 15. Maria is 123 centimeters tall. Her height in meters is

|a. |0123 m. |c. |1.23 m. |

|b. |0.123 m. |d. |12.3 m. |

____ 16. A loaf of bread weighs 1362 g. The weight in kilograms is

|a. |1.362 kg. |c. |01362 kg. |

|b. |1362 kg. |d. |001362 kg. |

____ 17. The force with which gravity pulls on a quantity of matter is referred to as

|a. |mass. |c. |volume. |

|b. |length. |d. |weight. |

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____ 18. At which time of day was the temperature approximately 4ºC?

|a. |9:00 A.M. |c. |11:00 A.M. |

|b. |10:00 A.M. |d. |12:00 P.M. |

____ 19. At which two times of day was the temperature the same?

|a. |7:00 A.M. and 7:00 P.M. |c. |10:00 A.M. and 7:00 P.M. |

|b. |7:00 A.M. and 10:00 P.M. |d. |10:00 A.M. and 10:00 P.M. |

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____ 20. The sample contained the same number of pennies for which two years?

|a. |1988 and 1992 |c. |1994 and 1997 |

|b. |1988 and 1991 |d. |1994 and 1998 |

____ 21. For which year was the smallest number of pennies found?

|a. |1988 |c. |1990 |

|b. |1989 |d. |1991 |

____ 22. The decimal equivalent of 10–2 is

|a. |100. |c. |0.1. |

|b. |10. |d. |0.01. |

____ 23. What is 78,900,000,000 expressed in scientific notation?

|a. |789 × 109 |c. |7.89 × 1010 |

|b. |7.89 × 109 |d. |7.89 × 1011 |

____ 24. The speed of light is approximately 3 × 108 m/s. How would this be written in conventional notation?

|a. |300,000 m/s |c. |30,000,000 m/s |

|b. |3,000,000 m/s |d. |300,000,000 m/s |

____ 25. A precise measurement is one that

|a. |contains the correct number of significant figures. |

|b. |contains at least three significant figures. |

|c. |is close to the true value. |

|d. |is as exact as possible. |

____ 26. A measurement that is accurate is one that

|a. |is as exact as possible. |

|b. |is close to the true value. |

|c. |contains at least four significant figures. |

|d. |contains five decimal places. |

____ 27. Matter is defined as anything that

|a. |can be seen and touched. |c. |can be weighed. |

|b. |has mass and takes up space. |d. |contains kinetic or potential energy. |

____ 28. A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances is

|a. |a compound. |c. |an element. |

|b. |a mixture. |d. |an atom. |

____ 29. The chemical formula for water, H2O, means that each water molecule contains

|a. |two hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms. |

|b. |two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. |

|c. |two hydrogen atoms and zero oxygen atoms. |

|d. |one hydrogen atom and two oxygen atoms. |

____ 30. You put 1 gram of salt into 1 liter of water and stir. The resulting liquid is an example of

|a. |a pure substance. |c. |a homogeneous mixture. |

|b. |a heterogeneous mixture. |d. |an immiscible mixture. |

____ 31. The science of what matter is made of and how it changes is called

|a. |chemistry. |c. |kinetics. |

|b. |physics. |d. |engineering. |

____ 32. The chemical element that is most abundant in the human body is

|a. |nitrogen. |c. |carbon. |

|b. |iron. |d. |oxygen. |

____ 33. The element that is most abundant in Earth is

|a. |iron. |c. |silicon. |

|b. |oxygen. |d. |magnesium. |

____ 34. The chemical symbol for sulfuric acid is H2SO4. How many atoms are contained in each molecule of sulfuric acid?

|a. |3 |c. |6 |

|b. |5 |d. |7 |

____ 35. The chemical formula for table sugar is C12H22O11. How many oxygen atoms are in each sugar molecule?

|a. |2 |c. |12 |

|b. |11 |d. |22 |

____ 36. Which of the following is an example of a gas-liquid mixture?

|a. |the air we breathe |c. |soapsuds |

|b. |a carbonated drink |d. |ice cubes |

____ 37. Which state of matter will hold its shape without a container?

|a. |solid |c. |gas |

|b. |liquid |d. |plasma |

____ 38. The kinetic theory is useful for

|a. |determining how much heat is necessary to melt a solid. |

|b. |explaining how matter and energy are related. |

|c. |testing the temperature of a gas. |

|d. |showing the differences between states of matter. |

____ 39. The change of a substance from a solid directly to a gas is called

|a. |condensation. |c. |melting. |

|b. |evaporation. |d. |sublimation. |

____ 40. Evaporation refers to the change of state from a

|a. |liquid to a gas. |c. |solid to a liquid. |

|b. |gas to a liquid. |d. |liquid to a solid. |

____ 41. The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be

|a. |burned. |c. |created or destroyed. |

|b. |changed in form. |d. |heated or cooled. |

____ 42. During a chemical or physical change, energy may be

|a. |created. |c. |greatly increased in strength. |

|b. |destroyed. |d. |converted into another form. |

____ 43. You burn a log of wood, and only a small pile of ashes is left. What has happened?

|a. |A large amount of mass has been lost. |

|b. |A small amount of mass has been converted into a large amount of heat energy. |

|c. |The total mass of the wood and oxygen is the same as the total mass of the ash and gases. |

|d. |The total amount of energy is less than before. |

____ 44. A liquid changes rapidly into a gas at the liquid's

|a. |boiling point. |c. |melting point. |

|b. |freezing point. |d. |condensation point. |

____ 45. Knowing the chemical properties of a substance will tell you how the substance

|a. |looks. |c. |can be broken down into atoms. |

|b. |smells. |d. |reacts with other substances. |

____ 46. Which of the following is not an example of a physical property?

|a. |freezing point |c. |reactivity |

|b. |boiling point |d. |density |

____ 47. Lead has a density of 11.3 g/cm3. What is the volume of a block of lead with a mass of 282.5 g?

|a. |2.5 cm3 |c. |250 cm3 |

|b. |25 cm3 |d. |2500 cm3 |

____ 48. Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

|a. |ice melting |c. |pounding gold into a coin |

|b. |paint fading |d. |a puddle of water evaporating |

____ 49. Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

|a. |dissolving salt in water |c. |cooking an egg |

|b. |burning wood into charcoal |d. |rusting iron |

____ 50. Ice floats in water because it is

|a. |more dense than water. |c. |colder than water. |

|b. |less dense than water. |d. |warmer than water. |

____ 51. Digesting food is an example of

|a. |physical change. |c. |chemical change. |

|b. |change of state. |d. |buoyancy. |

____ 52. When water is broken down, what happens to the oxygen and hydrogen atoms it is made of?

|a. |They combine with oxygen in air to produce new substances. |

|b. |They are rearranged to form hydrogen and oxygen gas |

|c. |They are destroyed. |

|d. |They increase in size until they form a solid. |

____ 53. Grinding quartz crystals down to produce sand is an example of a

|a. |change of state. |c. |chemical reaction. |

|b. |chemical change. |d. |physical change. |

____ 54. The tendency of a less dense substance to float in a more dense liquid is called

|a. |viscosity. |c. |sublimation. |

|b. |density. |d. |buoyancy. |

____ 55. Dalton's atomic theory stated that every element was made of atoms that could not be subdivided, atoms of the same element are alike, and

|a. |atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. |

|b. |the nucleus is the center of the atom. |

|c. |atoms can join to form molecules. |

|d. |atoms are constantly in motion. |

____ 56. Which statement is true according to Dalton's theory?

|a. |Atoms of different elements can join to form larger atoms. |

|b. |Atoms can be subdivided into smaller particles. |

|c. |Atoms of the same element differ in electric charge. |

|d. |Atoms of the same element are exactly alike. |

____ 57. Which statement about the atomic nucleus is correct?

|a. |The nucleus is made of protons and neutrons and has a negative charge. |

|b. |The nucleus is made of protons and neutrons and has a positive charge. |

|c. |The nucleus is made of electrons and has a positive charge. |

|d. |The nucleus is made of electrons and has a negative charge. |

____ 58. The charge of an electron is

|a. |–2 |c. |0 |

|b. |–1 |d. |+1 |

____ 59. Atoms have no electric charge because they

|a. |have an equal number of charged and noncharged particles. |

|b. |have neutrons in their nuclei. |

|c. |have an equal number of electrons and protons. |

|d. |have an equal number of neutrons and protons. |

____ 60. According to Bohr's model of the atom, electrons behave like

|a. |planets orbiting the sun. |c. |light energy in a vacuum. |

|b. |waves on a vibrating string. |d. |planets rotating on their axes. |

____ 61. According to Bohr's theory, an electron's path around the nucleus defines its

|a. |electric charge. |c. |energy level. |

|b. |atomic mass. |d. |speed. |

____ 62. According to modern atomic theory, it is nearly impossible to determine an electron's exact

|a. |color. |c. |charge |

|b. |position. |d. |mass. |

____ 63. The order of elements in the periodic table is based on

|a. |the number of protons in the nucleus. |c. |the number of neutrons in the nucleus. |

|b. |the electric charge of the nucleus. |d. |atomic mass. |

____ 64. Atoms of elements that are in the same group have the same number of

|a. |protons. |c. |valence electrons. |

|b. |neutrons. |d. |protons and neutrons. |

____ 65. Valence electrons determine an atom's

|a. |mass. |c. |electric charge. |

|b. |chemical properties. |d. |period. |

____ 66. Ionization refers to the process of

|a. |changing from one period to another. |c. |turning lithium into fluorine. |

|b. |losing or gaining protons. |d. |losing or gaining electrons. |

____ 67. A lithium ion is much less reactive than a lithium atom because it

|a. |is much more massive. |

|b. |has a full outermost energy level. |

|c. |has a negative electric charge. |

|d. |is in a different group in the periodic table. |

____ 68. Oxygen has atomic number 8. This means that an oxygen atom has

|a. |eight neutrons in its nucleus. |c. |eight protons in its nucleus. |

|b. |a total of eight protons and neutrons. |d. |a total of eight neutrons and electrons. |

____ 69. An atom's mass number equals the number of

|a. |protons plus the number of electrons. |c. |protons. |

|b. |protons plus the number of neutrons. |d. |neutrons. |

____ 70. Which statement about the alkali metals is correct?

|a. |They are located in the left-most column of the periodic table. |

|b. |They are extremely nonreactive. |

|c. |They are usually gases. |

|d. |They form negative ions with a 1– charge. |

____ 71. Which of the following elements is an alkali metal?

|a. |calcium |c. |mercury |

|b. |magnesium |d. |sodium |

____ 72. Alkali metals are extremely reactive because they

|a. |have very small atomic masses. |

|b. |are not solids at room temperature. |

|c. |have one valence electron that is easily removed to form a positive ion. |

|d. |have two valence electrons that form compounds with calcium and magnesium. |

____ 73. Which statement about noble gases is correct?

|a. |They form compounds with very bright colors. |

|b. |They exist as single atoms rather than as molecules. |

|c. |They are highly reactive with both metals and nonmetals. |

|d. |They are extremely rare in nature. |

____ 74. Semiconductors are elements that

|a. |have large atomic masses but small atomic numbers. |

|b. |do not form compounds. |

|c. |can conduct heat and electricity under certain conditions. |

|d. |are extremely hard. |

____ 75. Most halogens form compounds by

|a. |gaining an electron to form a negative ion. |

|b. |losing an electron to form a positive ion. |

|c. |losing protons. |

|d. |joining with both calcium and carbon. |

____ 76. Group 18 noble gases are inert because

|a. |they readily form positive ions. |

|b. |they can have either a positive or a negative charge. |

|c. |their outermost energy level is missing one electron. |

|d. |their outermost energy level is full. |

____ 77. Carbon and other nonmetals are found in which area of the periodic table?

|a. |On the left-most side. |

|b. |On the right side. |

|c. |In the middle column of the periodic table. |

|d. |In the bottom rows. |

____ 78. A mole is an SI base unit that describes the

|a. |mass of a substance. |c. |volume of a substance. |

|b. |amount of a substance. |d. |electric charge of a substance. |

____ 79. If the atomic mass of carbon is 12 amu, 1 mole of pure carbon will have a mass of

|a. |6 g. |c. |12 g. |

|b. |6 mol. |d. |12 mol. |

____ 80. Avogadro's constant is defined as the number of particles in

|a. |one mole of a pure substance. |c. |one gram of a pure substance. |

|b. |one liter of a pure substance. |d. |one kilogram of a pure substance. |

____ 81. Molar mass is defined as

|a. |the number of particles in 1 mole of a substance. |

|b. |the SI base unit that describes the amount of a substance. |

|c. |the amount of a substance necessary to have a positive charge. |

|d. |the mass in grams of 1 mole of a substance. |

____ 82. The average atomic mass of potassium is approximately 39 amu. What is the mass of 2.0 mol of potassium?

|a. |0.39 g |c. |39 g |

|b. |0.78 g |d. |78 g |

____ 83. The average atomic mass of the element cesium is approximately 133 amu. What is the mass of 3.00 mol of cesium?

|a. |0.133 g |c. |266 g |

|b. |133 g |d. |399 g |

____ 84. The forces that hold different atoms or ions together are

|a. |electric currents. |c. |physical bonds. |

|b. |chemical bonds. |d. |nuclear forces. |

____ 85. A mixture is different from a compound because each substance in a mixture

|a. |retains its own properties. |c. |forms an ion. |

|b. |changes its electric charge. |d. |changes from a solid to a liquid. |

____ 86. A compound differs from a mixture because it

|a. |always remains frozen even at high temperatures. |

|b. |is formed from two cations. |

|c. |always contains the same elements in the same proportion. |

|d. |can form only in the presence of heat energy. |

____ 87. Each molecule of hydrochloric acid, HCl, contains one atom of hydrogen and

|a. |one atom of chlorine. |c. |two atoms of chlorine. |

|b. |one atom of oxygen. |d. |two atoms of oxygen. |

____ 88. Each molecule of table sugar, C12H22O11, contains

|a. |0 atoms of carbon. |c. |6 atoms of carbon. |

|b. |1 atom of carbon. |d. |12 atoms of carbon. |

____ 89. Gases take up a lot of space because

|a. |they have weak chemical bonds. |

|b. |their molecules have very little attraction for one another. |

|c. |they contain very few atoms. |

|d. |they have a small molar mass. |

____ 90. Often atoms join so that each atom will have

|a. |an even number of electrons. |

|b. |an outermost energy level that is full of electrons. |

|c. |an equal number of protons and electrons. |

|d. |more electrons than either protons or neutrons. |

____ 91. An ionic bond is a bond that forms between

|a. |ions with opposite charges. |

|b. |atoms with neutral charges. |

|c. |one atom's nucleus and another atom's electrons. |

|d. |the electrons of two different atoms. |

____ 92. Covalent bonds are formed between

|a. |ions. |c. |nonmetal atoms. |

|b. |metal atoms. |d. |compounds. |

____ 93. In a metallic bond, the nucleus of one atom is attracted by a nearby atom's

|a. |nucleus. |c. |energy structure. |

|b. |negative ion. |d. |electrons. |

____ 94. Solid ionic compounds have very high melting points because they

|a. |are positively charged. |

|b. |contain metallic elements. |

|c. |are made of elements that are solid at room temperature. |

|d. |contain charged ions that are locked tightly together. |

____ 95. In which type of bond do atoms share electrons?

|a. |covalent bonds |c. |ionic bonds |

|b. |metallic bonds |d. |polyatomic bonds |

____ 96. The anion formed from an oxygen atom is called a(n)

|a. |oxygen ion. |c. |carbon dioxide. |

|b. |oxide ion. |d. |nitrous oxide. |

____ 97. The name dinitrogen tetroxide tells you that this compound contains

|a. |two nitrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms. |

|b. |four nitrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms. |

|c. |two nitrogen atoms and four oxygen atoms. |

|d. |four nitrogen atoms and four oxygen atoms. |

____ 98. When copper combines with oxygen to form copper(II) oxide, the charge of the copper ion is

|a. |Cu1+. |c. |Cu3+. |

|b. |Cu2+. |d. |Cu4+. |

____ 99. When nickel combines with fluorine to form nickel(III) fluoride, the charge of the nickel ion is

|a. |Ni1+. |c. |Ni3+. |

|b. |Ni2+. |d. |Ni4+. |

____ 100. The name for the compound with the formula CuBr2 would be written as

|a. |copper(II) bromide. |c. |copper bromine. |

|b. |copper(I) bromide. |d. |copper(III) bromide. |

Physical Science Midterm Exam Mrs. Marshall

Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: D

2. ANS: C

3. ANS: A

4. ANS: C

5. ANS: B

6. ANS: D

7. ANS: A

8. ANS: C

9. ANS: A

10. ANS: C

11. ANS: C

12. ANS: B

13. ANS: B

14. ANS: D

15. ANS: C

16. ANS: A

17. ANS: D

18. ANS: B

19. ANS: D

20. ANS: C

21. ANS: D

22. ANS: D

23. ANS: C

24. ANS: D

25. ANS: D

26. ANS: B

27. ANS: B

28. ANS: C

29. ANS: B

30. ANS: C

31. ANS: A

32. ANS: D

33. ANS: A

34. ANS: D

35. ANS: B

36. ANS: B

37. ANS: A

38. ANS: D

39. ANS: D

40. ANS: A

41. ANS: C

42. ANS: D

43. ANS: C

44. ANS: A

45. ANS: D

46. ANS: C

47. ANS: B

48. ANS: B

49. ANS: A

50. ANS: B

51. ANS: C

52. ANS: B

53. ANS: D

54. ANS: D

55. ANS: C

56. ANS: D

57. ANS: B

58. ANS: B

59. ANS: C

60. ANS: A

61. ANS: C

62. ANS: B

63. ANS: A

64. ANS: C

65. ANS: B

66. ANS: D

67. ANS: B

68. ANS: C

69. ANS: B

70. ANS: A

71. ANS: D

72. ANS: C

73. ANS: B

74. ANS: C

75. ANS: A

76. ANS: D

77. ANS: B

78. ANS: B

79. ANS: C

80. ANS: A

81. ANS: D

82. ANS: D

83. ANS: D

84. ANS: B

85. ANS: A

86. ANS: C

87. ANS: A

88. ANS: D

89. ANS: B

90. ANS: B

91. ANS: A

92. ANS: C

93. ANS: D

94. ANS: D

95. ANS: A

96. ANS: B

97. ANS: C

98. ANS: B

99. ANS: C

100. ANS: A

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