PHYSICAL SCIENCE STUDY GUIDE



PHYSICAL SCIENCE STUDY GUIDE

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MATTER: anything that has mass and takes up space

STATES OF MATTER: solid, liquid or gas

MASS: measure of how much matter is in something. This is measured in kilograms

(kg), grams (g) and milligrams (mg) and can be measured using a balance.

VOLUME: the amount of space something takes up. This is measured in cubic meters

(m3) or cubic centimeters (cm3). This is measured using a graduated cylinder or

be multiplying length x width x height.

MIXTURE: two or more substances that are mixed together, but can be separated out

because their atoms are not combined (Think: Trail Mix!) Mixtures are easy to separate.

SOLUTION: a mixture in which substances break up into their most basic particles,

which are too small to be seen, and spread evenly through another substance (Think: Lemonade!)

PHYSICAL PROPERTY: a way of describing an object using traits that can be observed

or measured without changing the substance into something else (Example: color, shape, taste, texture, odor, size, can conduct electricity, can conduct heat.)

PHYSICAL CHANGE: a change in a physical property (Example: Peanuts can be

ground up to form peanut butter; Paper can be folded up to change shape.)

CHEMICAL PROPERTY: a property that describes the way a substance reacts with

other substances (Example: Wood has the chemical property of being able to burn in air. When it burns, the wood particles react with oxygen in the air to change into other substances such as carbon dioxide, ash, and water vapor.)

CHEMICAL CHANGE: a change that produces new substances with new properties

(Example: rust forming when iron combines with oxygen; cake batter turning into a cake.)

CHEMICAL REACTION: a process that produces one or more substances that are

different from the original substances. A chemical reaction most happen in order for the chemical change to occur. (Example: The Chemical Reaction is iron combing with oxygen, the Chemical Change in the rust that forms.)

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