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NAME________________________________ PeriodObjective: Students will evaluate Wilson’s attempt to create a lasting peace after World War I by analyzing and describing the strengths and weaknesses with Wilson’s Fourteen Points.Do Now/Review: Individually 5 minutesAnswer each question below completely.When a cease fire (the stopping of fighting) was called at the end of World War I, the countries involved in the war came together in Paris, France to discuss a peace treaty (shown above). Looking at the image, list three (3) possible positives things you can think of using the above photo and three (3) negative things you can think of.H. O. T. Box (Higher Order Thinking)Below will be a series of questions based off of the Reading in 25.2 (which is also provided for you). Answer the questions using the text and your knowledge. Then, in the H.O.T. response boxes, respond to the Higher Order Thinking category with the help of the list of questions that follow.Questions:1. What were Wilson’s Fourteen Points?2. What were some of the things his Fourteen Points called for?3. What unusual decision did Wilson make?4. What happened during the midterm elections of 1918 that weakened Wilson’s stance?Answers:H.O.T. Response: ImportanceH.O.T. Response: Problems, Conflicts, and ChallengesH.O.T. Response: PredictH.O.T. Responses: Key Questions (Informational Text, Video, & Presentations)Determine Importance:Why are these ideas, concepts, phenomena, etc. important to think about, understand and remember?Question:What other questions do I have…that I want and need answers to?Make Connections: How is __ similar to something else I’ve read about, studied, heard about, seen, or know about? (Compare) How is __ contrary to something else I’ve read about, studied, heard about, seen, or know about? (Contrast) How is __ connected to some important idea, issue, problem, event, challenge, human condition, or essential question that I (and/or others) struggle with? What was the cause and/or effect of __? Why did __ happen? (Cause & Effect)How and why are these connections interesting and important…..to everyone and to me?Reflect/Search for Relevance:What lesson(s)/new idea(s) have I learned from __?How has __ changed my thinking, and why?How can I apply what I’ve learned in some positive way?Infer/Interpret:What does he/she/this mean, imply, indicate, or suggest? What is its purpose or function?Why did he/she/they do or say that?What do I think I know about __ that hasn’t already been revealed?What does all of this add up to, given what I know and just learned? What can I conclude?Categorize:What species, genus, genre, political party, group, etc. is __ associated with?What details (evidence) lead me to believe this?Consider Point(s) of View/Perspective-Taking:How did __ behave and why? What does __ believe and why? What affiliations or conditions shape his, her, or their point of view?What are the different points of view regarding __?Comment/Evaluate:What conditions do I need to consider before making my comment/evaluation?What adjective(s) best describe __ and why?Why do I like/dislike (or agree/disagree) with __?What are the pros/cons of __?How is __ better/worse than some competing or alternative idea, decision, or belief? Predict/Estimate/Hypothesize:What will likely happen next, given what I’ve read, seen, heard?What will the results likely be, given what I’ve read, seen, heard?What would happen (or what would have happened) if…….?Identify Problems, Conflicts, Challenges, Unknowns & Solutions:What problem, conflict, challenge, or unknown is presented in (or can be derived from) the text, phenomenon, or presentation…that you would like to investigate or solve?What are the key factors that define it (who, what, when, where, why, and how)?What are some possible solutions? What are their possible benefits and consequences? What can I learn from my and others’ previous experiences and investigations, regarding similar problems/conflicts/challenges/unknowns?How can I test possible solutions (and what were the results)?Given what I now know, what have I learned? What is the best solution, and why?Visualize:How can I summarize or characterize __ in one or more images? What details should I include? How can I comment on, embellish, or make fun of __ in one or more images? What details should I include?25.2?Wilson's Vision for World Peace2505973319178Woodrow Wilson unveiled his Fourteen Points in a speech to Congress on war aims and peace terms. In his 1918 address, he talked about the causes of the war. Then he laid out his plans for preventing future wars.4000020000Woodrow Wilson unveiled his Fourteen Points in a speech to Congress on war aims and peace terms. In his 1918 address, he talked about the causes of the war. Then he laid out his plans for preventing future wars.On January 8, 1918, Wilson went before Congress to explain his war aims.?Although the war was still raging, he boldly stated an ambitious program to make the world "fit and safe to live in."?He called his blueprint for peace the?Fourteen Points?[Fourteen Points: at the end of World War I, a 14-part plan for peace presented by President Woodrow Wilson to Congress on January 8, 1918]?.?It was designed to protect "every peace-loving nation" and peoples from "force and selfish aggression."Fourteen Points to End All WarsThe first goal of Wilson's peace plan was to eliminate the causes of wars.?He called for an end to secret agreements and the web of alliances that had drawn the nations of Europe into war.?Recalling the deadly submarine warfare that brought the United States into the war, he wanted?freedom of the seas?[freedom of the seas: the principle that merchant ships have a right to travel freely and unthreatened in international waters in times of peace and war]?.?By this, he meant the right of merchant ships to travel freely in international waters in times of peace and war.?He also wanted European countries to reduce their?armaments?[armament: a weapon or piece of equipment used in war]?, or weapons of war, instead of competing to make their military forces bigger and better.A second key goal was to ensure the right to self-determination for ethnic groups so they could control their own political future.?With the defeat of the Central powers, the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman empires were falling apart.?Many different ethnic groups lived within these lands.?Wilson hoped to see these groups living in newly formed nations under governments of their choosing.For Wilson, the last of his Fourteen Points was the most important.?It called for setting up an international organization called the?League of Nations?[League of Nations: an international organization established by the Allied powers at the close of World War I to promote international peace and security]?to ensure world peace.?Member nations would agree to protect one another's independence and?territorial integrity?[territorial integrity: a diplomatic principle in which nations respect one another's borders and do not try to gain one another's territory by force]?.?Under the principle of territorial integrity, nations respect one another's borders and do not try to gain another country's territory by force.?Working together, League members would resolve conflicts before those conflicts escalated into wars.Wilson's Unusual DecisionsAs the end of the war approached, President Wilson made an unusual decision.?Up to that time, no president had traveled to Europe while in office.?Wilson broke with tradition by deciding to lead the American delegation to the peace conference in France.?He wanted to make sure his goal of a lasting peace became a reality.As Wilson prepared for his trip, Democrats and Republicans were getting ready for the 1918 midterm elections.?At that time, Democrats controlled both houses of Congress.?Wilson called on the American public to show their support for his peace plan by keeping the Democrats in power.?But his appeal did not work.?The Republicans won a majority in both the Senate and the House.?The voters' repudiation of Wilson's appeal weakened his position just as he was about to seek the support of European leaders for his peace plans.Wilson made matters worse by his choice of other American delegates to the peace conference. Although they were competent diplomats, only one was a Republican.?Upon reading the names, former president William Taft griped that Wilson wanted to "hog the whole show." Moreover, not one of the delegates had the confidence of key Republican leaders in the Senate.?Because the Senate would have to ratify whatever treaty came out of the negotiations, this oversight would come back to haunt the president. ................
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