Pax Mongolica: Out of Chaos, a New World Order



Pax Mongolica: Out of Chaos, a New World Order

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Mongol Rule

In China

Yuan dynasty opened China to foreigners for a brief period before prompting a native backlash leading to the Ming Dynasty’s xenophobia for the next several centuries.

In Russia

Heavy Mongol taxation drove most Russian peasants into a permanent state of serfdom. Moscow rose to regional, and then countrywide dominance by first collecting taxes and then leading rebellion.

In Persia

The Ilkhans converted to Islam and became patrons of the arts eventually leading to the creation of Gun-powder Empires like the Safavids and Mughals.

Its Effects

The creation of an enormous land empire under the Mongols opened up the corridor of East-West exchange of goods and ideas for the first time in centuries. This openness led to a renewed desire among Europeans for things from the East, and thus spurred European exploration of the rest of the world, which led ultimately to the inclusion of the Americas for the first time.

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