Bridge and Structures Design Manual

Bridge and Structures Design Manual

4/16/2021 Revision 3.0 Atlanta, GA 30308

Disclaimer

This manual is intended to be an aid to designers working on projects for the Georgia Department of Transportation. It is not to be used as a substitute for sound engineering practice and will be used at one's own risk. The Georgia Department of Transportation and the authors of this document are not responsible for the consequences of the use and misuse of the contents of this document.

The latest version of this document is available at: _Structures_Policy_Manual.pdf

Basic drawings, MicroStation customization tools, design programs, and other helpful resources can be accessed from the Office of Bridge Design and Maintenance home page:

Please send constructive comments to the Bridge Design LRFD Committee care of Douglas Franks: dfranks@dot..

Acknowledgement The original Bridge and Structures Design Manual was created through the public-private partnership of the Georgia Department of Transportation and the Consulting Engineering Companies of Georgia. This document was modified from the original Design Manual for inclusion of LRFD material and general content by Georgia Department of Transportation personnel. The following people have donated their time and resources to contribute to the quality of transportation engineering in Georgia:

LRFD Design Committee Y. Stanley Kim, PhD, P.E. ? GDOT Douglas D. Franks, P.E. ? GDOT

Steven K. Gaston, P.E. ? GDOT Donn P. Digamon, P.E. ? GDOT Design Committee for Original Document Paul V. Liles, Jr., P.E. ? GDOT

Ted Cashin, P.E. ? GDOT Al Bowman, P.E. ? The LPA Group Incorporated John Heath, P.E. ? Heath and Lineback Engineers

Greg Grant, P.E. ? Wolverton and Associates

Contributing Authors to Original Document Bob Mustin, P.E. ? GDOT John Tiernan, P.E. ? GDOT

John Durand, P.E. ? Parsons Brinckerhoff

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Intentionally Left Blank

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Bridge and Structures Design Manual

Revision Number Original 1.0

2.0

Revision Summary

Revision Date

Revision Summary

LRFD Bridge Manual

7/8/13

Original Release Date

10/1/13

Section 3.2.3.3 - Removed "after all necessary grinding" from 8" overhang thickness; Removed "(LRFD 13.7.3.1.2)" from 8" overhang thickness

Section 3.5.2.1 - Changed LRFD reference from Table 4A-1 to Table A4-1

Section 4.4.2 - Modified tower bent placement directive; Added pile fixity assumption

6/2/14

Section 3.2.2.3 - Removed Commentary Section 2.1 - Updated LRFD Specification to 6th

edition, 2012; updated Georgia Standard Specification to 2013; defined all bridges as "typical"

Section 2.2.2.2 - Allowed Standard Specification widening of Existing Standard Specification bridges

Section 2.4 - Changed office responsible for Survey Manual

Section 2.8 - Added LRFD software submittal requirements for consultants

Section 3.1.1 - New section added - Set minimum beam requirement for bridges with vehicular traffic

Section 3.2.2.1 - Added reference to online slab design program

Section 3.2.2.4.2 - Changed placement and spacing of temperature steel in top mat of deck

Section 3.3.2.2.1 - Clarified urban area locations

Section 3.3.2.2.2 - Edited height of fence

Section 3.4.3.15.4 - New section added ? limiting coping thickness to 6"

Section 3.12.2.3.1 - Check clearance between cap and PSC beam when plain pads are used

Section 3.12.2.5.2 - Added new section - Directive to minimize number of pad designs for bridge

Section 4.2.1 - Specified use of kips in lieu of tons or pounds for foundations

Section 4.2.2.3, 4.2.2.4, 4.2.2.5 - Added maximum factored resistances and stresses for all pile types

Section 4.2.3.4 - Restricted use of spirals in caisson; limited ties to maximum size of #6; Stated seismic detailing at fixity is not required in caissons

Section 4.4.1.2.1 - Added limits for depth to width

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Bridge and Structures Design Manual

Original

ratio of intermediate caps; Changed cap width increment to 3"

Section 4.4.1.2.2 - Modified longitudinal rebar in riser of intermediate bents to # 5

Section 4.4.1.3 - Removed railroad from vehicular collision consideration

Bridge Design Manual

1/26/15

General - Incorporated Standard Specification guidance from GDOT Bridge and Structures Design

Manual into LRFD Bridge Manual to produce a consolidated manual

Section 1.3.3 - Added requirement to submit design calculations in PDF format

Section 1.4.3.1 - Added guidance for when a deck section is required on preliminary layouts

Section 1.6.9.2.2 - Removed direction about railroad shoring review

Section 1.6.9.2.4 - Added reference to 8.2.10

Section 3.2.4 - Revised requirement for epoxy reinforcement

Section 3.2.5 - Removed requirement for grooving under medians

Section 3.3.2.2 - Modified description of new curved fence detail

Section 3.3.2.2.1 - Clarified directive for the use of handrail or fence on parapets

Section 3.4.1.2.1 - Removed restriction on use of 0.6" diameter strands

Section 3.4.2.6.2 - Limited coping thickness to be used for composite properties

Section 3.4.2.7, 3.5.2.2 - Limited beam spacing to 9'-0"

Section 3.6.2 - Added the use of "weathering steel"

Section 3.9.1.1 - Added provisions for use of steel diaphragms for concrete beams

Section 3.15.1 - Revised Drainage Manual reference

Section 4.2.2.2 - Modified "Factored Axial Load" note

Section 4.2.2.3 - Clarified directive on use of 50 ksi H-piles versus 36 ksi H-piles

Section 4.2.2.4 - Removed 12" PSC piles from Table

Section 4.2.2.5 - Added 20" and 24" metal shell piles to Table

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Bridge and Structures Design Manual

1.0

5/5/15

2.0

7/31/15

2.1

1/25/16

Section 4.2.3.4 - Added 5" clear spacing as minimum for stirrups and vertical bars in caissons

Section 4.3.4 - Modified wingwall length requirement

Section 4.4.1.2.4 - Increased minimum stirrup spacing to 5"

Section 4.4.1.3 - Added 4" minimum stirrup spacing requirement for columns

Section 5.1.1.1 - Revised Table to change Modular Walls to Modular Block Walls

Section 5.5.5 - Limited Modular Block Wall design height to 20 feet

Section 8.1.1.1 - Modified when bridge plans require a revision mark

Section 8.2.10 - Added direction about railroad shoring review

Section 9.2.1 - Added directive to include Seismic Zone and SD1 on General Notes sheet

Section 2.1 - Updated LRFD Specification to 7th Edition, 2014

Section 2.1.3 - Removed Guide Specification reference; contact Bridge Office for guidance

Section 2.3.3.1 - Added for vertical clearances to be satisfied for travelway

Section 3.4.1.2.4 - Added that draped strands shall not be placed in the top 8" of beam

Section 4.2.2.2 - Added guidance in reference to information needed in bridge plans for field

measurement of driving resistance for piles for LRFD projects.

Section 4.3.2, 4.4.2.1 - Added guidance that 5.10.8 need not apply to side faces of bent caps less than

or equal to 2 foot high.

Reformatted manual to standard template

Section 1.3.3 ? Added restriction for modifying title block

Section 1.4.2 ? expanded/clarified guidance for consultant QA/QC

Section 1.6.7 - Added guidance for re-request for bridge condition surveys

Section 2.9.4.4 - clarified span limit for pile bents for AASHTO PSC beams only

Section 2.9.4.6 - Added reference to beam length limits

Section 3.2.3.2.3 - changed title and added 1" difference limit for overhang

Section 3.4.2.8 - Added section for beam length

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Bridge and Structures Design Manual

guidance

Section 3.8 ? Changed to include new precast beam types

Section 3.10.1 - Added steel orientation guidance

Section 3.11.2 - Added steel orientation guidance

Appendix 3B ? Changed beam charts for new beam length limits

Section 4.3.2 ? Waived LRFD 5.10.8 for bottom of caps

Section 4.4.1.3 ? Added 6" minimum stirrup spacing

Section 4.4.2.1 ? Waived LRFD 5.10.8 for bottom of caps

Section 5.5.3.1(g) ? revised coping names to match pay items

Fig. 5.5.3.1-3 ? revised to show sloping paving

Fig. 9B-1 ? Revised to show cross-ties for plastic hinge regions

2.2

10/26/16

Chapter 2 -Modified temporary vertical clearance for

falsework

Chapter 3 - Set maximum 28-day concrete strength for PSC beams to 10.0 ksi. Removed "with Bridge Office Approval" clause. Rewrote top strand pull

force guidance for clarity

Chapter 4 - Added guidance to place top mat of steel in all spread footings. Added guidance to place

top mat of steel in seismic pile footings

Chapter 8 - Defined lap splice requirements for welded wire fabric

2.3

7/11/17

Section 2.2 ? Added guidance for application of

truck-train loading

Section 2.9.4.1 ? Updated sq. ft costs

Section 2.9.4.8 ? removed cost references for steel beams

Section 2.10 ? Added requirement for quantities on Design-build projects

Section 3.4.2.5 ? Added limit for stirrup clear spacing in anchorage zone

Table 3.8.1-1 ? Updated span limits for cored slabs and box beams

Section 3.9.1.1 ? Added need for galvanization of steel diaphragm and rearranged guidance for use

Section 3.10.2 ? Defined what is deemed a "visible area"

Section 3.14.1.3 ? Added reference for utilities through MSE walls

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