Baggett/Ellis/Martin



Unit 12 Review Game: The 1940s & 1950s

1. Throughout most of the 1930s, the American people responded to the aggressive actions of Germany, Italy, and Japan by

[A] giving only economic help to the targets of aggression.

[B] assisting their victims with military aid.

[C] beginning to build up their military forces.

[D] demanding an oil embargo on all warring nations.

[E] retreating further into isolationism.

2. Fascist aggression in the 1930s included Mussolini’s invasion of ___, Hitler’s invasion of __, and Japan’s invasion of __.

[A] Ethiopia, Norway, China

[B] Belgium, the Soviet Union, Manchuria

[C] Albania, Italy, Korea

[D] Egypt, France, China

[E] Ethiopia, Czechoslovakia, Manchuria

3. Passage of the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 by the USA resulted in all of the following except

[A] balancing the scales between dictators and U.S. allies by trading with neither.

[B] a decline in the navy and other armed forces.

[C] abandonment of the traditional policy of freedom of the seas.

[D] spurring aggressors along their path of conquest.

[E] making no distinction whatever between aggressors and victims.

4. From 1925 to 1940, America changed its policy of selling arms to warring nations from:

[A] cash-and-carry to lend-lease to embargo.

[B] embargo to cash-and-carry to lend-lease.

[C] lend-lease to embargo to cash-and-carry.

[D] lend-lease to cash-and-carry to embargo.

[E] embargo to lend-lease to cash-and-carry.

5. Franklin Roosevelt’s sensational “Quarantine Speech” resulted in

[A] immediate British support of U.S. policy.

[B] Japanese aggression in China.

[C] support from both Democratic and Republican leaders.

[D] a wave of protest by isolationists.

[E] a modification of the Neutrality Acts.

6. In 1938 the British and French bought peace with Hitler at the Munich Conference at the expense of

[A] Czechoslovakia.

[B] Poland.

[C] the free city of Danzig.

[D] Belgium.

[E] Austria.

7. Shortly after Adolf Hitler signed a nonaggression pact with the Soviet Union,

[A] the Germans invaded Finland.

[B] Italy signed a similar agreement with the Soviets.

[C] Germany invaded Poland and started World War II.

[D] Britain and France signed a similar agreement.

[E] the Soviets attacked China.

8. The 1st casualty of the 1939 Hitler-Stalin nonaggression treaty was

[A] Austria.

[B] Belgium.

[C] the Jews.

[D] Poland.

[E] Czechoslovakia.

9. Which of the following nations was not conquered by Germany between September 1939 and June 1940?

[A] the Netherlands

[B] France

[C] Finland

[D] Poland

[E] Norway

10. The U.S. military refused to bomb Nazi gas chambers such as those at Auschwitz and Dachau because of the belief that

[A] bombing would kill the Jews kept there.

[B] such attacks would not seriously impede the killing of Jews.

[C] the military was unsure of the gas chambers’ location.

[D] bombing would divert essential military resources.

[E] all of these.

11. Congress’s 1st response to the fall of France in 1940 was to

[A] revoke all the neutrality laws.

[B] call for the quarantining of aggressor nations.

[C] enact a new neutrality law enabling the Allies to buy American war materials on a cash-and-carry basis.

[D] expand naval patrols in the Atlantic.

[E] pass a conscription law.

12. In return for old American destroyers, the British gave the USA

[A] six air bases in Scotland and Iceland.

[B] a role in developing the atomic bomb.

[C] “most favored nation” status.

[D] access to German military codes.

[E] eight valuable naval bases.

13. FDR was motivated to run for a third term in 1940 mainly by his

[A] belief that America needed his experienced leadership during the international crisis.

[B] mania for power.

[C] opposition to Willkie’s pledge to restore a strict policy of American neutrality.

[D] belief that the two-term tradition limited democratic choice.

[E] personal desire to defeat his old political rival, Wendell Willkie.

14. The 1941 lend-lease program was all of the following except

[A] another privately arranged executive deal, like the destroyers-for-bases trade.

[B] a focus of intense debate between internationalists and isolationists.

[C] a direct challenge to the Axis dictators.

[D] the catalyst that caused American factories to prepare for all-out war production.

[E] the point when all pretense of American neutrality was abandoned.

15. When Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, the U.S.

[A] sent U.S. ships to Soviet naval bases.

[B] made lend-lease aid available to the Soviets.

[C] gave only nonmilitary aid to Russia.

[D] refused to provide any help, either military or economic.

[E] promised aid to the Soviets but did not deliver.

16. Japan believed that it was forced into war with the USA because Franklin Roosevelt insisted that Japan

[A] renew its trade with America.

[B] break its treaty of nonaggression with Germany.

[C] find alternative sources of oil.

[D] leave China.

[E] withdraw from the Dutch East Indies.

17. On the eve of Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor, a large majority of Americans

[A] were beginning to question the increased aid given to Britain.

[B] were ready to fight Germany but not Japan.

[C] still wanted to keep the United States out of war.

[D] accepted the idea that America would enter the war.

[E] did not oppose Japan’s conquests in East Asia.

18. Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) Munich Conference, (B) German invasion of Poland, (C) Hitler-Stalin nonaggression treaty.

[A] C, B, A

[B] C, A, B

[C] B, C, A

[D] A, B, C

[E] A, C, B

19. Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A) fall of France, (B) Atlantic Conference, (C) Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union.

[A] A, B, C

[B] B, A, C

[C] C, B, A

[D] C, A, B

[E] A, C, B

20. As World War II began for the U.S. in 1941, President Roosevelt

[A] decided to concentrate first on the war in Europe and to place the Pacific war on hold.

[B] declared that the first strategic goal was recovery from Pearl Harbor.

[C] led a seriously divided nation into the conflict.

[D] called the American people to the same kind of idealistic crusade with the same rhetoric that Wilson had used in World War I.

[E] endorsed the same kind of government persecution of German-Americans as Wilson had in World War I.

21. Japanese-Americans were placed in concentration camps during World War II

[A] as a result of anti-Japanese prejudice and fear.

[B] in retaliation for the placement of Americans in concentration camps by the Japanese.

[C] due to numerous acts of sabotage.

[D] because many were loyal to Japan.

[E] all of these.

22. Match each of the wartime agencies below with its correct function:

__ A. War Production Board

__ B. Office of Price Administration

__ C. War Labor Board

__ D. Fair Employment Practices Commission

1. assigned priorities with respect to the use of raw materials and transportation facilities

2. controlled inflation by rationing essential goods

3. imposed ceilings on wage increases

4. saw to it that no hiring discrimination practices were used against blacks seeking employment in war industries

[A] A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1

[B] A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4

[C] A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4

[D] A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

[E] A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1

23. The employment of more than six million women in American industry during World War II led to

[A] a greater percentage of American women in war industries than anywhere else in the world.

[B] a strong desire of most women to work for wages.

[C] equal pay for men and women.

[D] the establishment of day-care centers by the government.

[E] a reduction in employment for black males.

24. By the end of World War II, the heart of the United States’ African-American community had shifted to

[A] Midwestern small towns.

[B] the Pacific Northwest.

[C] Florida and the Carolinas.

[D] southern cities.

[E] northern cities.

25. Most of the money raised to finance World War II came through

[A] voluntary contributions.

[B] excise taxes on luxury goods.

[C] raising income taxes.

[D] borrowing.

[E] tariff collections.

26. The tide of Japanese conquest in the Pacific was turned following the Battle of

[A] Guadalcanal.

[B] Midway.

[C] Leyte Gulf.

[D] the Coral Sea.

[E] Bataan and Corregidor.

27. In waging war against Japan, the U.S. relied mainly on a strategy of

[A] fortifying China by transporting supplies from India over the Himalayan “hump.”

[B] “island hopping” across the South Pacific while bypassing Japanese strongholds.

[C] heavy bombing from Chinese air bases.

[D] invading Japanese strongholds in Southeast Asia.

[E] turning the Japanese flanks in New Guinea and Alaska.

28. The conquest of __ was especially important, because from there Americans could conduct round-trip bombing raids on the Japanese home islands.

[A] Guadalcanal

[B] Okinawa

[C] New Guinea

[D] Wake Island

[E] Guam

29. The Allies postponed opening a second front in Europe until 1944 because

[A] they believed that North Africa was more strategically vital.

[B] of British reluctance and lack of adequate shipping.

[C] they hoped that Germany and the Soviet Union would cripple each other.

[D] men and material were needed more urgently in the Pacific.

[E] the Soviet Union requested a delay until it could join the campaign.

30. The cross-channel invasion of Normandy to open a second front in Europe was commanded by General

[A] Douglas MacArthur.

[B] Dwight Eisenhower.

[C] Omar Bradley.

[D] Bernard Montgomery.

[E] George Patton.

31. The Potsdam conference

[A] issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or be destroyed.

[B] was Franklin Roosevelt’s last meeting with Churchill and Stalin.

[C] concluded that the Soviet Union would enter the war in the Pacific.

[D] brought France and China in as part of the “Big Five.

[E] determined the fate of Eastern Europe.

32. The spending of enormous sums on the original atomic bomb project was spurred by the belief that

[A] the Japanese were at work on an atomic bomb project of their own.

[B] scientists like Albert Einstein might be lost to the war effort.

[C] a nuclear weapon was the only way to win the war.

[D] the Germans might acquire such a weapon first.

[E] the American public would not tolerate the casualties that would result from a land invasion of Japan.

33. Which of the following was not among the qualities of the American participation in World War II?

[A] a higher percentage of military casualties than any other Allied nation

[B] the preservation of the American homeland against invasion or destruction from the air

[C] an enormously effective effort in producing weapons and supplies

[D] the maintenance and re-affirmation of the strength of American democracy

[E] a group of highly effective military and political leaders

34. The NSC-68 document reflected the American belief

[A] that military spending would help the economy.

[B] that huge sacrifices would be needed by Americans to fight the Cold War.

[C] in our limitless capabilities.

[D] that we needed help to fight the spread of communism.

[E] in the futility of containment.

35. Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A) Berlin airlift, (B) Korean War, (C) fall of China.

[A] B, C, A

[B] C, B, A

[C] A, B, C

[D] C, A, B

[E] A, C, B

36. Arrange the following in chronological order of their appearance: (A) Marshall Plan, (B) Truman Doctrine, (C) NATO.

[A] C, B, A

[B] B, A, C

[C] A, C, B

[D] A, B, C

[E] B, C, A

37. The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 was passed to check the growing power of

[A] leftists and communists.

[B] the federal bureaucracy.

[C] the presidency.

[D] labor unions.

[E] blacks.

38. The post-World War II prosperity in the United States was most beneficial to

[A] Hispanics.

[B] women.

[C] African-Americans.

[D] labor unions.

[E] farmers.

39. All of the following encouraged many Americans to move to the suburbs except

[A] “white flight” from racial change.

[B] tax deductions for interest payments on home mortgages.

[C] government-built highways.

[D] development of fuel-efficient automobiles.

[E] home-loan guarantees from the Federal Housing Authority.

40. The huge “baby boom” crested in the __________ and has been declining ever since.

[A] mid-1960s

[B] early 1950s

[C] late 1950s

[D] early 1970s

[E] late 1940s

41. Joseph Stalin viewed the greatest threat to postwar Soviet Union was in

[A] the North Atlantic.

[B] Japan and the Far East.

[C] the Mediterranean.

[D] Eastern Europe.

[E] the Middle East.

42. The responsibility for starting the Cold War rests with the

[A] Soviet Union and Britain.

[B] United States and Soviet Union.

[C] United States.

[D] Soviet Union.

[E] Soviet Union and China.

43. In regard to postwar Germany, the Big Three allies agreed that at Potsdam Conference

[A] Germany should receive massive economic aid.

[B] Germany should be divided into East and West Germany.

[C] occupied Germany should be reunited as soon as possible.

[D] high-ranking Nazis should be tried and punished for war crimes.

[E] Germany should pay economically crippling war reparations.

44. When the Soviet Union denied the United States, Britain, and France access to Berlin in 1948, President Truman responded by

[A] declaring that an “iron curtain” had descended across Central Europe.

[B] denying the Soviets access to West Germany.

[C] asking the United Nations to intervene.

[D] sending an armed convoy to Berlin.

[E] organizing a gigantic airlift of supplies to Berlin.

45. Secretary of State George Marshall (and George Kennan) framed a coherent approach for America in the Cold War by advising a policy of

[A] détente.

[B] negotiation.

[C] containment.

[D] appeasement.

[E] limited war.

46. The immediate concern that prompted the announcement of the Truman Doctrine was related to events in

[A] Communist China.

[B] Iran.

[C] Czechoslovakia.

[D] Berlin.

[E] Greece and Turkey.

47. Under the Truman Doctrine, the USA pledged to

[A] support those who were resisting subjugation by communists.

[B] refrain from polarizing the world into pro-Soviet and pro-American camps.

[C] give very limited assistance to nations fighting communism.

[D] work to liberate the “captive nations” of Eastern Europe.

[E] maintain prosperity in America after World War II.

48. President Truman’s Marshall Plan called for

[A] an alliance to contain the Soviet Union.

[B] military aid for Europe.

[C] substantial financial assistance to rebuild Western Europe.

[D] economic aid for Japan.

[E] foreign aid for Third World countries to resist communism.

49. In an effort to detect communists within the government, President Harry Truman established the

[A] Loyalty Review Board.

[B] Central Intelligence Agency.

[C] Committee on Un-American Activities.

[D] McCarran Internal Security Act.

[E] Smith Act.

50. President Truman’s domestic welfare legislative plan was dubbed the

[A] Square Deal.

[B] Redeal.

[C] New Deal.

[D] New Frontier.

[E] Fair Deal.

51. Senator McCarthy first rose to national prominence by

[A] revealing that communist spies were passing atomic secrets to the Soviet Union.

[B] mobilizing Republicans to demand a stronger anticommunist foreign policy in East Asia.

[C] charging that there was extensive communist influence in Hollywood and elsewhere in the media.

[D] asserting that General George Marshall was part of a communist conspiracy within the U.S. Army.

[E] charging that dozens of known communists were working within the U.S. State Department.

52. President Eisenhower defined the domestic philosophy of his administration as

[A] “dynamic conservatism.”

[B] “compassionate conservatism.”

[C] “the silent majority.”

[D] “the Fair Deal.”

[E] “two cars in every garage.”

53. During his presidency, Dwight Eisenhower accepted the principle and extended the benefits of

[A] deficit spending.

[B] federal health care programs.

[C] racial equality.

[D] the Tennessee Valley Authority.

[E] the Social Security system.

54. The largest public works project during Eisenhower’s presidency was

[A] construction of the interstate highway system.

[B] the space program.

[C] offshore oil drilling.

[D] the building of Grand Coulee Dam.

[E] the polio vaccine program.

55. President Eisenhower’s “New Look” foreign policy in the 1950s planned for

[A] a buildup of unconventional and guerrilla-warfare forces.

[B] the dismantling of the military-industrial complex.

[C] the rapid deployment of the navy and marines to trouble spots.

[D] massive new military spending.

[E] greater reliance on air power and the deterrent power of nuclear weapons.

56. The Communist leader of Vietnam was

[A] Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung).

[B] Dienbienphu.

[C] Nguyen Cao Ky.

[D] Ngo Dinh Diem.

[E] Ho Chi Minh.

57. In 1956 the United States condemned ___ as the aggressors in the Suez Canal crisis.

[A] Egypt and Jordan

[B] Lebanon and Syria

[C] Britain and France

[D] the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact members

[E] Israel and Turkey

58. During the 1950s, the Central Intelligence Agency engineered pro-American political coups in both

[A] Iraq and Nicaragua.

[B] Libya and Costa Rica.

[C] Lebanon and El Salvador.

[D] Iran and Guatemala.

[E] Egypt and Cuba.

59. The 1957 Eisenhower Doctrine empowered the president to extend economic and military aid to nations of ____ that wanted help resisting communism

[A] Southeast Asia

[B] Africa

[C] Latin America

[D] Central and Eastern Europe

[E] the Middle East

60. The affluent life-style developed in America during the 1950s was stimulated mainly by

[A] the new technology of television.

[B] a decline in religious values.

[C] foreign investment in the United States.

[D] a return to the ethic of rugged individualism.

[E] the growth of the stock market.

61. Several critics of the new consumerism of the 1950s charged that the American people

[A] had developed into a generation of conformists.

[B] were buying too many foreign-made products.

[C] were relying too much on government welfare.

[D] were losing their sense of moral priorities.

[E] had become too individualistic.

62. In The Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan discusses

[A] what makes women appealing to men.

[B] the stifling boredom of suburban housewifery.

[C] why women are different from men.

[D] the reason that women should adapt to the postwar “cult of domesticity.”

[E] strategies for altering the image of women.

Unit 12 Review Game: The 1940s & 1950s

[1] [E]

[2] [E]

[3] [A]

[4] [B]

[5] [D]

[6] [A]

[7] [C]

[8] [D]

[9] [C]

[10] [D]

[11] [E]

[12] [E]

[13] [A]

[14] [A]

[15] [B]

[16] [D]

[17] [C]

[18] [E]

[19] [E]

[20] [A]

[21] [A]

[22] [B]

[23] [D]

[24] [E]

[25] [D]

[26] [B]

[27] [B]

[28] [E]

[29] [B]

[30] [B]

[31] [A]

[32] [E]

[33] [A]

[34] [C]

[35] [E]

[36] [B]

[37] [D]

[38] [B]

[39] [D]

[40] [C]

[41] D]

[42] [B]

[43] [D]

[44] [E]

[45] [C]

[46] [E]

[47] [A]

[48] [C]

[49] [A]

[50] [E]

[51] [E]

[52] [A]

[53] [E]

[54] [A]

[55] [E]

[56] [E]

[57] [C]

[58] [D]

[59] [E]

[60] [A]

[61] [A]

[62] [B]

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