6th Grade Social Studies



American Civil WarCivil War ReconstructionMuch of the Southern United States was destroyed during the Civil war. Farms and plantations were burned down and their crops destroyed. Also, many people had Confederate money which was now worthless and the local governments were in disarray. The South needed to be rebuilt.The rebuilding of the South after the Civil War is called the Reconstruction. The Reconstruction lasted from 1865 to 1877. The purpose of the Reconstruction was to help the South become a part of the Union again. Federal troops occupied much of the South during the Reconstruction to insure that laws were followed and that another uprising did not occur.Broad Street Charleston, South Carolinaby UnknownTo Punish the South or NotMany people wanted the South to be punished for trying to leave the Union. Other people, however, wanted to forgive the South and let the healing of the nation begin. Lincoln's Plan for ReconstructionAbraham Lincoln wanted to be lenient to the South and make it easy for southern states to rejoin the Union. He said that any southerner who took an oath to the Union would be given a pardon. He also said that if 10% of the voters in a state supported the Union, then a state could be readmitted. Under Lincoln's plan, any state that was readmitted must make slavery illegal as part of their constitution.President JohnsonPresident Lincoln was assassinated at the end of the Civil War, however, and never had the chance to implement his Reconstruction plan. When Andrew Johnson became president, he was from the South and wanted to be even more lenient to the Confederate States than Lincoln. Congress, however, disagreed and began to pass harsher laws for the Southern states. Black CodesIn an effort to get around laws passed by Congress, many southern states began to pass Black Codes. These were laws that prevented black people from voting, going to school, owning land, and even getting jobs. These laws caused a lot of conflict between the North and the South as they tried to reunite after the Civil War.New Amendments to the ConstitutionTo help with the Reconstruction and to protect the rights of all people, three amendments were added to the US Constitution:13th Amendment - Outlawed slavery14th Amendment - Said that black people were citizens of the United States and that all people were protected equally by the law.15th Amendment - Gave all male citizens the right to vote regardless of race.Rejoining the Union New governments were formed in the South starting in 1865. The first state to be readmitted to the Union was Tennessee in 1866. The last state was Georgia in 1870. As part of being readmitted to the Union, states had to ratify the new amendments to the Constitution.Help from the UnionThe Union did a lot to help the South during the Reconstruction. They rebuilt roads, got farms running again, and built schools for poor and black children. Eventually the economy in the South began to recover.Carpetbaggers Some northerners moved to the South during the Reconstruction to try and make money off of the rebuilding. They were often called carpetbaggers because they sometimes carried their belongings in luggage called carpetbags. The Southerners didn't like that the Northerners were moving in and trying to get rich off of their troubles.The End of the ReconstructionThe Reconstruction officially ended under the presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes in 1877. He removed the federal troops from the South and the state governments took over. Unfortunately, many of the changes to equal rights were immediately reversed.Interesting Facts about the ReconstructionWhite Southerners who joined the Republican Party and helped with the Reconstruction were called scalawags.The Reconstruction Act of 1867 divided the South into five military districts ran by the army.President Andrew Johnson granted pardons to many Confederate leaders. He also vetoed a number of Reconstruction laws passed by Congress. He vetoed so many laws his nickname became the "Veto President".In order to fight against the Black Codes, the federal government set up Freedman's Bureaus to help black people and to set up schools that black children could attendCivil War - ReconstructionTest Quiz1) What was the purpose of the Reconstruction???To tax the southern states as punishment for the war??To help the southern states become a part of the Union again.??To keep the southern states from becoming powerful again??To rebuild the industry of the northern states??To build up the west as a replacement to the south2) Which of the following was NOT part of the plan that Abraham Lincoln had for Reconstruction???That only 10% of voters in a state had to agree to support the Union??That all states had to agree to outlaw slavery??That any southerner who took an oath to the Union would be given a pardon??That the plantation owners of the South could keep their slaves for five years??That the process for rejoining the Union should be easy and lenient3) Was President Johnson easier or harder on the Southern states and President Lincoln???Easier??Harder??About the same??He had no opinion??President who?4) What were the Black Codes???Laws made by Lincoln to protect former slaves.??Codes that black people in the South had to live by or they would lose their freedom.??Laws in the South that made it difficult for black people to get jobs, vote, and go to school.??Civil Rights laws that made it easier for former slaves to adapt to their new lives.??Top secret encoding methods used for messages during the Civil War.5) Which amendment to the US Constitution outlawed slavery in all of the United States???13th??14th??15th??19th??21st6) What did the 15th amendment to the Constitution guarantee???The right for all people to be free from slavery??That all men and women were protected equally by the law regardless of race??The right to a fair trial??The right to free speech??The right for all men to vote regardless of race7) What was the first southern state to be readmitted to the Union???Georgia??North Carolina??Virginia??Tennessee??Alabama8) What year was the last southern state finally readmitted into the Union and the United States was truly united again???1865??1867??1870??1871??18769) Who were carpetbaggers???Southerners who moved to the North to escape the rebuilding??Northerners who moved to South to make money off of the Reconstruction??Southerners who became republicans??Northerners who were against the Civil War??Northerners who opened schools to teach black children in the South10) True or False: When the reconstruction ended, many of the Civil Rights laws were reversed by the new state governments.??TRUE??FALSE ................
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