Physics Exam 1 Study Guide – May 16: Bring your calculator



Physics Exam 1 Study Guide – May 16: Bring your calculator1. Review the textbook, pages 6 - 15(Motion), 22-27 (Acceleration), 36-39 (Forces), 42-50 (Friction, Gravity & Freefall), 51-58 (Newton’s Laws), 30 (Study Guide Sec. 1 & 3), 68 (Study Guide Sec. 1 – 4) and assigned text homeworks2. Notesheets/Worksheets: The Nature of Force ; Friction & Gravity; Weight and Weightlessness /Heavier & Lighter; Galileo and Gravity; Graphing Speed; Speed, Velocity and Acceleration- Practice problems; FMA; Galileo Thought Experiments/History of Motion; Current Science; Force, Mass and Acceleration3. Labs 12 & 13 Concepts4. Class Notes and DemosDefinitions:Draw the speed triangle:inertia- mass-unbalanced forces-balanced forces-net force-Draw the force triangle:acceleration-velocity-work- reference point-motion-1 kg= ____ lbsdeceleration-a= ------------------To determine theacceleration, you must cal-culate the change in velo-projectile-city during each unit of time.speed- Incredible Minds; Describe what each contributed: G= ------------------Aristotle-Copernicus-Galileo-Newton (list & describe 3 laws of motion)-1.2.3.Define "gravity":The measure of gravitational pull is _________.List & define 5 forces:1.2.3.4.5.*An object is in motion if it changes position relative to a reference point.*1 N = 1 kg x 1 m/s/snewton-1 kg = 2.2lbsAn object is traveling at constant speed when ______________________________________________.You calculate average speed by:velocity=speed and direction of an object* *On a graph, time is shown on the x-axis and distance on the y-axis. A straight line represents motion at a constant speed. Steeper slope = faster motion. Horizontal line represent an object is at rest.**In science, acceleration refers to increasing speed, decreasing speed, or changing velocity. That is why it is possible for a car to be accelerating (in this case changing direction) and traveling at a steady 65 km/hr at the same time.* *On a graph, time is shown on the x-axis and speed on the y-axis. Steeper slope = faster acceleration. Horizontal line represents an object at constant speed (no acceleration). A negative slope indicates an object decelerating***An object’s acceleration is proportional to the square of time.*An unbalanced force acting on an object will change the object's motion. Balanced forces acting on an object will not change the object's motion.Newton's first law of motion states that an object at rest will remain at rest and an object that is moving at constant speed will continue moving at constant speed unless acted upon by an outside force.Define the following terms:free fall-(how much does it accelerate?)air resistance-terminal velocity-*Weight is a measure of the force of gravity on an object, and mass is a measure of the amount of matter in that object.** (Weight=Mass x Acceleration due to gravity)*The law of universal gravitation states that the force of gravity acts between all objects in the universe.**The strength of the force of friction depends on two factors: the types of surfaces and how hard the surfaces push together.Three types of friction:1.2.3. Newton's 2nd and 3rd law of motion:2nd: The larger the mass the larger the force needed to move it. F=MA3rd: For every action, there is an opposite and equal reaction.weight is measured by a ____________ in Newtons or lbs.mass is measured by a ____________ in grams or kgs.*The sensation of weight equals the force with which you press against the supporting floor. If the floor accelerates up or down, your weight varies. *Mass is constant, only your weight varies as you location in the universe changes.deceleration=negative accelerationAs long as distance stays the same, masses different, gravitational force stays the same. When it is reversed, Gf decreases by the squares when distance increases. (see diagram on note sheet)During free fall, the acceleration of the object due to gravity is 9.8 m/s/s. For every second it is falling, its velocity increases by 9.8 m/s. (2 s; V=19.6 m/s...etc)Leading cause of death for 4-34 year olds in the U.S.:car accidents ---Reason 1: no restraint (seat belt)Reason 2: Under the influence drivingAn average of one person dies every 32 min. in the U.S. as a result of a no restraint crash ................
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