General Chemistry, Acids and Bases



General Chemistry, Acids and Bases

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. What information is not given by the formula C6H12O6?

|a. |number of atoms |c. |position of atoms |

|b. |kinds of atoms |d. |numerical proportions of atoms |

[pic]

|Figure 01.01 |

____ 2. If there were eight neutrons in the nucleus of the Figure 01.01 diagram, how would it be related to the original?

|a. |It would be a molecule. |c. |It would be an isotopic form. |

|b. |Its charge would increase. |d. |Its charge would decrease. |

____ 3. The black dots in the Figure 01.01 diagram represent ____.

|a. |atoms |c. |electrons |

|b. |molecules |d. |chemical bonds |

____ 4. If an atom or a molecule gains or loses an electron, it becomes a(n)

|a. |different element. |c. |isotope. |

|b. |nonfunctional molecule. |d. |ion. |

____ 5. In a covalent bond, two atoms share electrons. This type of bonding

|a. |allows atoms to always share electrons equally. |

|b. |helps to fill electron shells. |

|c. |is easily broken. |

|d. |occurs only between different elements. |

____ 6. Which of these foods had the greatest concentration of H+ ions?

|a. |apple, pH 2.9 |c. |corn, pH 6.2 |

|b. |bread, pH 5.5 |d. |milk, pH 6.6 |

The charts show the results of a series of tests using the chemical indicators bromothymol blue (BTB) and limewater. BTB is blue in a basic solution and is yellow in an acidic solution. A precipitate forms in limewater when carbon dioxide is added.

|Tubes |Indicator |Material added |Color after 5 minutes |

|T1 |bromothymol blue |nothing |blue |

|T2 |bromothymol blue |10 dry seeds |blue |

|T3 |bromothymol blue |10 sprouting seeds |yellow |

|T4 |bromothymol blue |dilute acid |yellow |

|T5 |bromothymol blue |carbonated water |yellow |

|T6 |bromothymol blue |breath, through straw |yellow |

|Tubes |Indicator |Material added |Color after 5 minutes |

|T7 |limewater |nothing |clear |

|T8 |limewater |dilute acid |clear |

|T9 |limewater |carbonated water |precipitate |

|T10 |limewater |breath, through straw |precipitate |

____ 7. Refer to the information above. In this experiment, T1

|a. |serves as a control for bromothymol blue tests. |

|b. |is unnecessary. |

|c. |should have changed to yellow. |

|d. |has the same function as T2. |

____ 8. Refer to the information above. When a scientist says that a tube of limewater will remain clear if dead insects are placed in it, he is

|a. |making a prediction. |

|b. |reporting the result of an experiment. |

|c. |making an observation. |

|d. |stating a conclusion of an experiment. |

____ 9. Which of these is generally not considered to be organic?

|a. |carbon dioxide |c. |protein |

|b. |carbohydrate |d. |lipid |

Problem: Solve the following. You may NOT use a calculator to do this problem.

The hydrogen ion concentration of a solution is 0.000000000963. Calculate the pH of the solution. SHOW ANY AND ALL WORK TO RECEIVE CREDIT!

N |0 |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |6 |7 |8 |9 | |1.0 |0 |4z43408 |4z86772 |3z13009 |3z17337 |3z21661 |3z25980 |3z30295 |3z34605 |3z38912 | |1.1 |0.041393 |0.041787 |0.042182 |0.042576 |0.042969 |0.043362 |0.043755 |0.044148 |0.04454 |0.044932 | |1.2 |0.079181 |0.079543 |0.079904 |0.080266 |0.080626 |0.080987 |0.081347 |0.081707 |0.082067 |0.082426 | |1.3 |0.113943 |0.114277 |0.114611 |0.114944 |0.115278 |0.115611 |0.115943 |0.116276 |0.116608 |0.11694 | |1.4 |0.146128 |0.146438 |0.146748 |0.147058 |0.147367 |0.147676 |0.147985 |0.148294 |0.148603 |0.148911 | |1.5 |0.176091 |0.176381 |0.17667 |0.176959 |0.177248 |0.177536 |0.177825 |0.178113 |0.178401 |0.178689 | |1.6 |0.20412 |0.204391 |0.204663 |0.204934 |0.205204 |0.205475 |0.205746 |0.206016 |0.206286 |0.206556 | |1.7 |0.230449 |0.230704 |0.23096 |0.231215 |0.23147 |0.231724 |0.231979 |0.232234 |0.232488 |0.232742 | |1.8 |0.255273 |0.255514 |0.255755 |0.255996 |0.256237 |0.256477 |0.256718 |0.256958 |0.257198 |0.257439 | |1.9 |0.278754 |0.278982 |0.279211 |0.279439 |0.279667 |0.279895 |0.280123 |0.280351 |0.280578 |0.280806 | |2.0 |0.30103 |0.301247 |0.301464 |0.301681 |0.301898 |0.302114 |0.302331 |0.302547 |0.302764 |0.30298 | |2.1 |0.322219 |0.322426 |0.322633 |0.322839 |0.323046 |0.323252 |0.323458 |0.323665 |0.323871 |0.324077 | |2.2 |0.342423 |0.34262 |0.342817 |0.343014 |0.343212 |0.343409 |0.343606 |0.343802 |0.343999 |0.344196 | |2.3 |0.361728 |0.361917 |0.362105 |0.362294 |0.362482 |0.362671 |0.362859 |0.363048 |0.363236 |0.363424 | |2.4 |0.380211 |0.380392 |0.380573 |0.380754 |0.380934 |0.381115 |0.381296 |0.381476 |0.381656 |0.381837 | |2.5 |0.39794 |0.398114 |0.398287 |0.398461 |0.398634 |0.398808 |0.398981 |0.399154 |0.399328 |0.399501 | |2.6 |0.414973 |0.41514 |0.415307 |0.415474 |0.415641 |0.415808 |0.415974 |0.416141 |0.416308 |0.416474 | |2.7 |0.431364 |0.431525 |0.431685 |0.431846 |0.432007 |0.432167 |0.432328 |0.432488 |0.432649 |0.432809 | |2.8 |0.447158 |0.447313 |0.447468 |0.447623 |0.447778 |0.447933 |0.448088 |0.448242 |0.448397 |0.448552 | |2.9 |0.462398 |0.462548 |0.462697 |0.462847 |0.462997 |0.463146 |0.463296 |0.463445 |0.463594 |0.463744 | |3.0 |0.477121 |0.477266 |0.477411 |0.477555 |0.4777 |0.477844 |0.477989 |0.478133 |0.478278 |0.478422 | |3.1 |0.491362 |0.491502 |0.491642 |0.491782 |0.491922 |0.492062 |0.492201 |0.492341 |0.492481 |0.492621 | |3.2 |0.50515 |0.505286 |0.505421 |0.505557 |0.505693 |0.505828 |0.505964 |0.506099 |0.506234 |0.50637 | |3.3 |0.518514 |0.518646 |0.518777 |0.518909 |0.51904 |0.519171 |0.519303 |0.519434 |0.519566 |0.519697 | |3.4 |0.531479 |0.531607 |0.531734 |0.531862 |0.53199 |0.532117 |0.532245 |0.532372 |0.5325 |0.532627 | |3.5 |0.544068 |0.544192 |0.544316 |0.54444 |0.544564 |0.544688 |0.544812 |0.544936 |0.54506 |0.545183 | |3.6 |0.556303 |0.556423 |0.556544 |0.556664 |0.556785 |0.556905 |0.557026 |0.557146 |0.557267 |0.557387 | |3.7 |0.568202 |0.568319 |0.568436 |0.568554 |0.568671 |0.568788 |0.568905 |0.569023 |0.56914 |0.569257 | |3.8 |0.579784 |0.579898 |0.580012 |0.580126 |0.580241 |0.580355 |0.580469 |0.580583 |0.580697 |0.580811 | |3.9 |0.591065 |0.591176 |0.591287 |0.591399 |0.59151 |0.591621 |0.591732 |0.591843 |0.591955 |0.592066 | |4.0 |0.60206 |0.602169 |0.602277 |0.602386 |0.602494 |0.602603 |0.602711 |0.602819 |0.602928 |0.603036 | |4.1 |0.612784 |0.61289 |0.612996 |0.613102 |0.613207 |0.613313 |0.613419 |0.613525 |0.61363 |0.613736 | |4.2 |0.623249 |0.623353 |0.623456 |0.623559 |0.623663 |0.623766 |0.623869 |0.623973 |0.624076 |0.624179 | |4.3 |0.633468 |0.633569 |0.63367 |0.633771 |0.633872 |0.633973 |0.634074 |0.634175 |0.634276 |0.634376 | |4.4 |0.643453 |0.643551 |0.64365 |0.643749 |0.643847 |0.643946 |0.644044 |0.644143 |0.644242 |0.64434 | |4.5 |0.653213 |0.653309 |0.653405 |0.653502 |0.653598 |0.653695 |0.653791 |0.653888 |0.653984 |0.65408 | |4.6 |0.662758 |0.662852 |0.662947 |0.663041 |0.663135 |0.66323 |0.663324 |0.663418 |0.663512 |0.663607 | |4.7 |0.672098 |0.67219 |0.672283 |0.672375 |0.672467 |0.67256 |0.672652 |0.672744 |0.672836 |0.672929 | |4.8 |0.681241 |0.681332 |0.681422 |0.681513 |0.681603 |0.681693 |0.681784 |0.681874 |0.681964 |0.682055 | |4.9 |0.690196 |0.690285 |0.690373 |0.690462 |0.69055 |0.690639 |0.690728 |0.690816 |0.690905 |0.690993 | |5.0 |0.69897 |0.699057 |0.699144 |0.699231 |0.699317 |0.699404 |0.699491 |0.699578 |0.699664 |0.699751 | |

N |

0 |

1 |

2 |

3 |

4 |

5 |

6 |

7 |

8 |

9 | |5.1 |0.70757 |0.707655 |0.70774 |0.707826 |0.707911 |0.707996 |0.708081 |0.708166 |0.708251 |0.708336 | |5.2 |0.716003 |0.716087 |0.71617 |0.716254 |0.716337 |0.716421 |0.716504 |0.716588 |0.716671 |0.716754 | |5.3 |0.724276 |0.724358 |0.72444 |0.724522 |0.724604 |0.724685 |0.724767 |0.724849 |0.724931 |0.725013 | |5.4 |0.732394 |0.732474 |0.732555 |0.732635 |0.732715 |0.732796 |0.732876 |0.732956 |0.733037 |0.733117 | |5.5 |0.740363 |0.740442 |0.740521 |0.7406 |0.740678 |0.740757 |0.740836 |0.740915 |0.740994 |0.741073 | |5.6 |0.748188 |0.748266 |0.748343 |0.748421 |0.748498 |0.748576 |0.748653 |0.748731 |0.748808 |0.748885 | |5.7 |0.755875 |0.755951 |0.756027 |0.756103 |0.75618 |0.756256 |0.756332 |0.756408 |0.756484 |0.75656 | |5.8 |0.763428 |0.763503 |0.763578 |0.763653 |0.763727 |0.763802 |0.763877 |0.763952 |0.764027 |0.764101 | |5.9 |0.770852 |0.770926 |0.770999 |0.771073 |0.771146 |0.77122 |0.771293 |0.771367 |0.77144 |0.771514 | |5.9 |0.771587 |0.771661 |0.771734 |0.771808 |0.771881 |0.771955 |0.772028 |0.772102 |0.772175 |0.772248 | |6.0 |0.778151 |0.778224 |0.778296 |0.778368 |0.778441 |0.778513 |0.778585 |0.778658 |0.77873 |0.778802 | |6.1 |0.78533 |0.785401 |0.785472 |0.785543 |0.785615 |0.785686 |0.785757 |0.785828 |0.785899 |0.78597 | |6.2 |0.792392 |0.792462 |0.792532 |0.792602 |0.792672 |0.792742 |0.792812 |0.792882 |0.792952 |0.793022 | |6.3 |0.799341 |0.799409 |0.799478 |0.799547 |0.799616 |0.799685 |0.799754 |0.799823 |0.799892 |0.799961 | |6.4 |0.80618 |0.806248 |0.806316 |0.806384 |0.806451 |0.806519 |0.806587 |0.806655 |0.806723 |0.80679 | |6.5 |0.812913 |0.81298 |0.813047 |0.813114 |0.813181 |0.813247 |0.813314 |0.813381 |0.813448 |0.813514 | |6.6 |0.819544 |0.81961 |0.819676 |0.819741 |0.819807 |0.819873 |0.819939 |0.820004 |0.82007 |0.820136 | |6.7 |0.826075 |0.82614 |0.826204 |0.826269 |0.826334 |0.826399 |0.826464 |0.826528 |0.826593 |0.826658 | |6.8 |0.832509 |0.832573 |0.832637 |0.8327 |0.832764 |0.832828 |0.832892 |0.832956 |0.83302 |0.833083 | |6.9 |0.838849 |0.838912 |0.838975 |0.839038 |0.839101 |0.839164 |0.839227 |0.839289 |0.839352 |0.839415 | |7.0 |0.845098 |0.84516 |0.845222 |0.845284 |0.845346 |0.845408 |0.84547 |0.845532 |0.845594 |0.845656 | |7.1 |0.851258 |0.85132 |0.851381 |0.851442 |0.851503 |0.851564 |0.851625 |0.851686 |0.851747 |0.851809 | |7.2 |0.857332 |0.857393 |0.857453 |0.857513 |0.857574 |0.857634 |0.857694 |0.857755 |0.857815 |0.857875 | |7.3 |0.863323 |0.863382 |0.863442 |0.863501 |0.863561 |0.86362 |0.86368 |0.863739 |0.863799 |0.863858 | |7.4 |0.869232 |0.86929 |0.869349 |0.869408 |0.869466 |0.869525 |0.869584 |0.869642 |0.869701 |0.86976 | |7.5 |0.875061 |0.875119 |0.875177 |0.875235 |0.875293 |0.875351 |0.875409 |0.875466 |0.875524 |0.875582 | |7.6 |0.880814 |0.880871 |0.880928 |0.880985 |0.881042 |0.881099 |0.881156 |0.881213 |0.881271 |0.881328 | |7.7 |0.886491 |0.886547 |0.886604 |0.88666 |0.886716 |0.886773 |0.886829 |0.886885 |0.886942 |0.886998 | |7.8 |0.892095 |0.89215 |0.892206 |0.892262 |0.892317 |0.892373 |0.892429 |0.892484 |0.89254 |0.892595 | |7.9 |0.897627 |0.897682 |0.897737 |0.897792 |0.897847 |0.897902 |0.897957 |0.898012 |0.898067 |0.898122 | |8.0 |0.90309 |0.903144 |0.903199 |0.903253 |0.903307 |0.903361 |0.903416 |0.90347 |0.903524 |0.903578 | |8.1 |0.908485 |0.908539 |0.908592 |0.908646 |0.908699 |0.908753 |0.908807 |0.90886 |0.908914 |0.908967 | |8.2 |0.913814 |0.913867 |0.91392 |0.913973 |0.914026 |0.914079 |0.914132 |0.914184 |0.914237 |0.91429 | |8.3 |0.919078 |0.91913 |0.919183 |0.919235 |0.919287 |0.91934 |0.919392 |0.919444 |0.919496 |0.919549 | |8.4 |0.924279 |0.924331 |0.924383 |0.924434 |0.924486 |0.924538 |0.924589 |0.924641 |0.924693 |0.924744 | |8.5 |0.929419 |0.92947 |0.929521 |0.929572 |0.929623 |0.929674 |0.929725 |0.929776 |0.929827 |0.929879 | |8.6 |0.934498 |0.934549 |0.934599 |0.93465 |0.9347 |0.934751 |0.934801 |0.934852 |0.934902 |0.934953 | |8.7 |0.939519 |0.939569 |0.939619 |0.939669 |0.939719 |0.939769 |0.939819 |0.939869 |0.939918 |0.939968 | |8.8 |0.944483 |0.944532 |0.944581 |0.944631 |0.94468 |0.944729 |0.944779 |0.944828 |0.944877 |0.944927 | |8.9 |0.94939 |0.949439 |0.949488 |0.949536 |0.949585 |0.949634 |0.949683 |0.949731 |0.94978 |0.949829 | |9.0 |0.954243 |0.954291 |0.954339 |0.954387 |0.954435 |0.954484 |0.954532 |0.95458 |0.954628 |0.954677 | |9.1 |0.959041 |0.959089 |0.959137 |0.959185 |0.959232 |0.95928 |0.959328 |0.959375 |0.959423 |0.959471 | |9.2 |0.963788 |0.963835 |0.963882 |0.963929 |0.963977 |0.964024 |0.964071 |0.964118 |0.964165 |0.964212 | |9.3 |0.968483 |0.96853 |0.968576 |0.968623 |0.96867 |0.968716 |0.968763 |0.96881 |0.968856 |0.968903 | |9.4 |0.973128 |0.973174 |0.97322 |0.973266 |0.973313 |0.973359 |0.973405 |0.973451 |0.973497 |0.973543 | |9.5 |0.977724 |0.977769 |0.977815 |0.977861 |0.977906 |0.977952 |0.977998 |0.978043 |0.978089 |0.978135 | |9.6 |0.982271 |0.982316 |0.982362 |0.982407 |0.982452 |0.982497 |0.982543 |0.982588 |0.982633 |0.982678 | |9.7 |0.986772 |0.986817 |0.986861 |0.986906 |0.986951 |0.986996 |0.98704 |0.987085 |0.98713 |0.987175 | |9.8 |0.991226 |0.99127 |0.991315 |0.991359 |0.991403 |0.991448 |0.991492 |0.991536 |0.99158 |0.991625 | |9.9 |0.995635 |0.995679 |0.995723 |0.995767 |0.995811 |0.995854 |0.995898 |0.995942 |0.995986 |0.99603 | |

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