Homepages at WMU

Acoustic instrumentation: Record fundamental frequency, relative average perturbation (RAP), and shimmer. Normative measures for RAP: .80% or below; shimmer 3.80% or below (Boone, & Von Berg, 2005). Endoscopy: Rigid or fiberoptic: Observe anatomy of structures and record glottic closure, phase closure, amplitude, status of mucosal wave ... ................
................