DYSPHAGIA REHABILITATION MANUAL

3&)"#*-*5"5*0/."/6"-

%:41)"(*"3&)"#*-*5"5*0/."/6"-

&EJUPS

."4".*","*

/"5*0/"-3&)"#*-*5"5*0/$&/5&3 '031&340/48*5)%*4"#*-*5*&4 +"1"/ 8)0$0--"#03"5*/($&/53&

+VMZ

5IF /BUJPOBM 3FIBCJMJUBUJPO $FOUFS GPS 1FSTPOT XJUI %JTBCJMJUJFT XBT EFTJHOBUFE BT UIF 8)0 $PMMBCPSBUJOH$FOUSFGPS%JTBCJMJUZ1SFWFOUJPOBOE3FIBCJMJUBUJPOJO 5IFUFSNTPGSFGFSFODFBSF

5PDPMMBCPSBUFXJUI8)0JOUIFEFWFMPQNFOUPGLOPXMFEHFBOESFTPVSDFTGPSJODSFBTJOH BDDFTTUPRVBMJUZIFBMUI SFIBCJMJUBUJPOTFSWJDFTBOETQPSUTGPSQFSTPOTXJUIEJTBCJMJUJFTJOUIF 8FTUFSO1BDJpD3FHJPO

5PTVQQPSUBOEDPPQFSBUFXJUI8)0UPDPOEVDUDBQBDJUZEFWFMPQNFOUBDUJWJUJFTBOETIBSF HPPEQSBDUJDFBOEFYQFSJFODFTSFHBSEJOHEJTBCJMJUZBOESFIBCJMJUBUJPOBDSPTTUIFSFHJPO

5PXPSLXJUI8)0UPJODSFBTFUIFBXBSFOFTTBOEVOEFSTUBOEJOHPGUIFOFFETBOESJHIUTPG QFSTPOTXJUIEJTBCJMJUJFT

/BUJPOBM3FIBCJMJUBUJPO$FOUFSGPS1FSTPOTXJUI%JTBCJMJUJFT 8)0$PMMBCPSBUJOH$FOUSFGPS%JTBCJMJUZ1SFWFOUJPOBOE3FIBCJMJUBUJPO

/PUF 5IJT NBOVBM JT QVCMJTIFE CZ /BUJPOBM 3FIBCJMJUBUJPO $FOUFS GPS 1FSTPOT XJUI %JTBCJMJUJFT XIJDI JT B 8)0 $PMMBCPSBUJOH $FOUSF GPS %JTBCJMJUZ 1SFWFOUJPO BOE 3FIBCJMJUBUJPO BOEJTOPUBQVCMJDBUJPOPG8)05IFQVCMJTIFSJTSFTQPOTJCMFGPS UIFWJFXTFYQSFTTFEJOUIJTNBOVBM BOEJUEPFTO`UOFDFTTBSJMZSFQSFTFOUUIFEFDJ TJPOTPSQPMJDJFTPGUIF8PSME)FBMUI0SHBOJ[BUJPO

3FIBCJMJUBUJPO.BOVBM

%ZTQIBHJB3FIBCJMJUBUJPO.BOVBM

+VMZ

&EJUPS.BTBNJ","* /BUJPOBM3FIBCJMJUBUJPO$FOUFSGPS1FSTPOTXJUI%JTBCJMJUJFT ,P[P/BLBNVSB .% 1I% 1SFTJEFOU /BNJLJ 5PLPSP[BXB 4BJUBNB1SFGFDUVSF +BQBO 5FM 'BY &NBJMXIPDMCD!SFIBCHPKQ

PREFACE

The National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities has long been a WHO Collaborating Centre, and one of its activities in this regard is to create rehabilitation manuals that summarize the material on a range of topics in the field of rehabilitation medicine.

The subject of this particular manual is dysphagia. Ensuring sufficient nutrition through adequate eating and swallowing function is one of the linchpins of medical treatment alongside proper sleep and maintaining bodily hygiene. Only if these factors are met can the various effects of rehabilitation training be expected to become apparent. When treating persons with swallowing difficulties, the first step is to diagnose the cause or condition, after which a range of exercises should be used and the type of food provided should be tailored to enable oral intake. This manual covers these points, and therefore will be of value to a broad readership.

It is to be hoped that this manual will pave the way for the wider use of dysphagia rehabilitation in the future.

M. AKAI

EDITOR

Masami AKAI Adviser, Research Institute, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities

CONTRIBUTORS

Yasushi SUZUKI Nobuaki KIMIJIMA Hisako UCHIYAMA National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities

LLUSTRATOR

(Chapter 3) Haruko IWASAKI National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities

CONTENTS

Preface Contributors

Chapter 1. ..............................................................................................................................................................1 The Swallowing Mechanism and its Impairment ................................................................1 1. Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................1 2. The Anatomy of Swallowing .....................................................................................................1 3. The Three-stage Classification in Swallowing Research ....................................2 4. Disjunction between Phase and Stage ...............................................................................3 5. Types of Dysphagia ...........................................................................................................................4 6. Types of Aspiration ...........................................................................................................................6 7. Summary ....................................................................................................................................................8 References .......................................................................................................................................................8

Chapter 2. ..............................................................................................................................................................9 Dysphagia Diagnosis and Assessment Methods.....................................................................9 1. Dysphagia Diagnosis by Specialists ......................................................................................9 2. Simple Tests for Dysphagia ..................................................................................................... 11 3. Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 14 References .................................................................................................................................................... 15

Chapter 3. ........................................................................................................................................................... 16 Approaches to Dysphagia Rehabilitation.................................................................................. 16 1. Indirect Exercises ............................................................................................................................. 16 2. Direct Exercises ................................................................................................................................ 24 3. Points to Nnote for Functional Exercises at the Bedside ................................ 25 References .................................................................................................................................................... 26

 ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download