Africa Unit Study Guide



Africa Unit Study Guide

|Topic |Page # |Description |

|What was apartheid? |456-457 |Made it illegal for different races and ethnic groups to mix, thus limiting the rights of |

| | |blacks |

|When did it begin and end? |456-457 |1948-91 |

|Who was South Africa’s first black |457 |Nelson Mandela |

|President | | |

|3 of South Africa’s native ethnic |455 |Sotho, Zulu, and Xhosa |

|groups | | |

|Meaning of the word “Boers” |455 |Dutch word for farmers ( South African of Dutch ancestry) |

|Language of the Boers |455-456 |Afrikaans |

|South African enclaves |457 |Lesotho and Swaziland (countries within a country) |

|Slave/Triangle Trade |443 |West Africans states sold human being to Europeans and Asians --- European forced many to |

| | |migrate to America to produce raw materials. They were turned into good in Europe and sent |

| | |to Europe and Africa |

|National Parks |454 |South Africa preserves the wildlife by setting aside land |

|Africa’s largest country (2015) | |Algeria |

|Africa’s most populated country |436 |Nigeria |

|Know the different conflict in |Timeline |Darfur; Sudan conflict; Rwanda, Tutsis and Hutu fighting; |

|Africa | |Somalia—Civil War, Pirates attacking ships; Child labor: every country in the world; |

| | |Colonization/Decolonization; |

|Darfur, what is it and why is it |Timeline |The conflict in this region of Sudan has killed approximately |

|happening? | |250,000 people. It is happening because the Arab-Africans have been driving the black |

| | |Africans out of the region |

|How has Sudan tried to solve |Timeline |The country was split into two, with the north being Sudan, made up primarily of |

|problems? | |Arab-Africans, and South Sudan, which is made up of mostly black Africans |

| | |In 1988, a drought struck Somalia and Ethiopia which left for rising food prices. This also |

|What is the biggest cause of | |caused a civil unrest with people protesting and rioting. The Somalia’s government |

|Somalia’s famine? | |collapsed and a civil war broke out. This destroyed much of the country’s farmland, causing|

| |Timeline |famine. Now, Somali men are attacking ships in the Gulf of Aden. Other countries are trying |

| | |to stop the Somali pirates. |

|Nigeria was colonized by what |438 |Great Britain |

|country? | | |

|Number of ethnic groups in Nigeria. |436 |250 ethnic groups |

|The two groups fighting in Rwanda |Timeline |Hutus and Tutsis |

|The continent that was responsible |Timeline |Europe |

|for Colonizing Africa | | |

|What began the Rwandan Genocide? |Timeline |The genocide started in 1994 when the Hutu president was assassinated. The Tutsis were |

| | |blamed, and this sparked a mass killing of Tutsis. 800,000 people died during the sixth |

| | |month conflict |

|Where does child labor occur? |JS Article |In every country in the world. The problem has declined worldwide, except in Africa. |

|3 Causes of child labor |Article/ Timeline |government cuts on education; rising cost of education, parents unable to send children to |

| | |school as a result; AIDS epidemic. |

|What was exchanged in the triangle |Work sheet, |Slaves were sent to the Americas, they produced raw materials that were sent o Europe. Then |

|trade? |Timeline |those raw materials were turned into goods. As a result, diseases were unintentionally send |

| | |to the Americas because the slaves were exposed to things people in the Americas had not |

| | |developed an immunity for. |

|3 Causes of African Piracy |Article/ Timeline |Drought, famine, poverty, civil war (Somalia) |

|International response to pirates |Article/ Timeline |Special forces, trained with help of U.S. Navy; increased patrols near the shores, sending |

| | |in of United Nations forces |

|What is Ebola? |Article |Ebola is a deadly virus that affects humans and some nonhuman primates (such as monkeys, |

| | |gorillas, and chimpanzees). It spreads only through direct contact with the blood or bodily |

| | |fluids of an infected person who is showing symptoms. |

|Where was the Ebola outbreak |Article |West Africa (Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia). There was a case of nurse contracting the |

|located? | |disease in Dallas in October of 2014 |

|Why has it spread quickly? |Article |It spread because early symptoms are similar to other viruses. Precautions such as |

| | |protective suits were not taken. Contaminated materials were not disposed of properly. |

|Desertification |VOC |Process by which grasslands change to desert |

|Deforestation |VOC |Widespread cutting of forests |

|Enclave |VOC |Small territory entirely surrounded by a larger territory |

|Exclave |VOC |Small part of a country that is separate from the main part |

|Apartheid |VOC |System of laws that separated racial and ethnic groups and limited the rights of non-whites |

| | |in South Africa. It lasted from 1948-1994. They could not go to the same restaurants, |

| | |schools, beaches. Even though the whites were only 10 percent of the population, they |

| | |controlled everything. |

|Free Enterprise System |VOC |A type of economic system in which the government has little involvement |

|Drought |VOC |Long period of extreme dryness and water shortages |

|Habitat |VOC |Type of environment in which a particular animal species live |

|Subsistence Farm |VOC |Small plot where a farmer grows only enough food to feed his own family |

|Savanna |VOC |broad grassland with few trees, found in sub-Saharan Africa |

|Refugee |VOC |Person who flee to another country to avoid persecutions |

|Endangered Species |VOC |Plant or animal under the threat of completely dying out |

|Dictator |VOC |An all-powerful government leader |

|Poaching |VOC |Illegal hunting of protected animals |

|Be able to locate the following |Map |South Africa: Pretoria, Capetown, Bloemfontein |

|countries and their capitals on a | |Nigeria: Abuja |

|map; South Africa, Nigeria, Sudan, | |Sudan : Khartoum |

|Somalia, and Kenya, Tanzania, | |Somalia: Magadishu |

|Ethiopia | |Kenya: Nairobi |

| | |Ethiopia: Addis Ababa |

| | |Tanzania: Dar es Salaam |

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