Associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary ...



Anaesthesia – KeywordsA?Abdominal compartment syndrome: diagnosis?ABG: COPD?ABG: morbid obesity and vomiting?ABG: opioid effect?ABG: pregnancy?ABG: pulmonary embolism?ABG: respiratory acidosis/metabolic alkalosis?ABG: salicylate toxicity?ABG values: measured vs calculated?ACC/AHA guidelines for peri-operative CV evaluation?ACE inhibitors: mechanism of action?ACE Inhibitors: myocardial infarct survival?ACE inhibitors: side effects?ACE-I: contra-indication?Acetaminophen toxicity?Acetazolamide: lab findings?Acetazolamide: mechanism of action?Acetylcholine receptor: anatomy?Acetylcholine release: physiology?Acidosis: nonanion gap differential diagnosis?ACLS: ETT confirmation?ACLS in pregnancy?Action potential: ion channels?Acute mountain sickness: treatment?Acute septic shock?Acute tubular necrosis: diagnosis?Addiction: definition?Addiction: risk factors?Addison disease: blood chemistry?Addison’s disease: peri-operative treatment?Adrenal insufficiency: lab finding?Advanced multiple sclerosis: anaesthetic drugs?Aerobic vs anaerobic glycolysis?Age-related P50?Aging: cardiovascular physiology?Aging: CNS changes?Aging: pulmonary physiology?AICD malfunction: causes?AIMS: EMR?Air embolism: diagnosis?Air embolism: treatment?Air trapping: ventilator management?Airway assessment: co-existing disease?Airway fire?Airway fire: management?Airway: innervation?Airway: paediatric vs adult?Albumin: Na+ concentration?Albuterol vs ipratropium pharmacology?Alpha blockers: selectivity?ALS: anaesthetic concerns?Alveolar gas equation: altitude?Alveolar gas exchange?Ambulatory surgery: costs?Ambulatory surgery: discharge delays?Amiloride: electrolyte effects?Amiloride: physiological effects?Amiodarone: haemodynamic effect?Amiodarone: side effects?Amniotic fluid embolus: diagnosis?Anaphylaxis: diagnosis and treatment?Anaphylaxis: epinephrine treatment?Anaemia and coagulation?Anaemia compensation?Anaesthetic drugs and IOP?Anaesthetic management: asthma?Anaesthetic management: penetrating eye injury?Anaesthetic techniques: suspected MH?Anaesthesia for ECT: lidocaine effect?Anaesthesia techniques: 1st stage labour?Anaesthesia: uterine muscle tone?Anaesthesiologist drug abuse: fentanyl?Anaesthesiologists: substance abuse?Anaesthetic absorption: regional anesthetic techniques?Anaesthetic uptake: right-to-left shunt?Anaesthetic uptake: solubility co-efficient?Anion gap acidosis?Ankle block: anatomy?Ankylosing spondylitis: epidural risks?Anterior cerebral artery stroke effects?Anterior hypothalamus injury: surgery?Anterior mediastinal mass: effects?Antibiotic crossreactivity?Anticholinesterase poisoning: treatment?Anticholinesterases in CRF?Antiphospholipid synd: management in labour?Antiplatelet drugs: comparison?Antithrombotic drugs: duration?Antithrombotic drugs: pre-operative management?Aortic clamping: ischaemia mechanism?Aortic crossclamp: CV complications?Aortic insufficiency: haemodynamic treatment?Aortic insufficiency: medical management?Aortic stenosis: A fib therapy?Aortic stenosis: hypotension treatment?ARDS: ventilator management?ARDS: optimal tidal volume?ARDS: prone position mech.?Arginine vasopressin?Arterial waveform: peripheral vs central?AS and arrhythmias?ASA guidelines: sedation?ASA physical status?ASA PS class 2 vs 3?Ascending vent bellows advantages?Ascites: pulmonary effects?Ascites: PFTs?Aspiration management: LMA?Aspirin toxicity: treatment?Aspirin: platelet effect?ASRA guidelines: Epidural catheter removal?Asthma: postpartum haemorrhage treatment?Atelectasis during anaesthesia: etiology?Atlantoaxial instability: causes?Atrial flutter: pharmacological treatment?Automated drug delivery devices?Automated vs paper anaesthesia records?Autonomic dysreflexia: risk factors?Autonomic dysreflexia symptoms?Autonomic hyperreflexia?Autonomic hyperreflexia: risk factors?Autonomic hyperreflexia: signs?Autonomic innervation: upper extremity?Autonomic neurotransmitters?AV pacing: haemodynamic effect?AVM embolisation/management?Awake acute blood loss acid-base?Awareness: equipment issues?Axillary block: limitations?Axillary block: complications?Axillary block: median nerve rescue block?B?Beta-blockers: properties?Baclofen toxicity: treatment?Barb coma: EEG endpoint?Barbiturate enzyme induction?Becker’s muscular dystrophy: rhabdomyolisis?Benzocaine and methemoglobinaemia?Benzodiazepines: respiratory effects?Beta-thalassaemia: newborn?Bicarb admin: CO2 effect?Bilateral carotid endarterectomy: physiology?Biological warfare?Bivent pacing: indications?Blood brain barrier: fluid transfer?Blood gas co-efficient?Blood oxygen transport?Blood: crossmatch?Botox: pain relief mechanism?Bowel distention?Brachial artery catheter: chest X-ray?Bradycardia and heart transplant?Bradycardia during carotid surgery?Brain death pathophysiology?Brain stem surg manip: hypertension?Brain: ketone metabolism?Bronchial blocker: advantages?Bronchodilation: anaesthetic drugs?Bronchomotor tone: catecholamines?Bronchopleural fistula: ventilator management?Bronchospasm triggers: ETT?Bronchospasm: acute treatment?Bronchospasm: mechanical ventilation diagnosis?Bupivacaine toxicity therapy?Burn management: carbon monoxide toxicity?Burns: CO poisoning differential diagnosis?Burns: fluid management?Burst suppression?Butyrylcholinesterase: deficiency?Butyrylcholinesterase: substrates?C?C-section: morbidity?Calcium channel blocker: NM blockade?Calcium chelation: transfusion?Calcium: ECG changes?Calculation pulmonary vs systemic vascular resistance?Cancer pain: WHO ladder?Capnogram waveform: obstruction?Carbamazepine toxicity?Carbon monoxide poisoning: diagnosis?Carbon monoxide poisoning: treatment?Carcinoid crisis: treatment?Carcinoid syndrome?Cardiac anatomy: TEE?Cardiac arrest: induced hypothermia?Cardiac cycle: ECG?Cardiac evaluation: arterio-ventricular disease?Cardiac morbidity: pre-operative factors?Cardiac pacemaker indications?Cardiac PV loops?Cardiac surface anatomy?Cardiac tamponade: diagnosis?Cardiac tamponade: pulsus paradoxus?Cardiac tamponade: TEE diagnosis?Cardiac vascular anatomy: TEE?Cardiogenic shock: differential diagnosis?Cardiopulmonary bypass management?Carotid baroreflex during CEA?Carotid body: hypoxic drive?Carotid endarterectomy: CNS monitoring?Carotid endarterectomy: complications?Carotid sinus reflex: treatment?Carotid sinus stim: post heart transplant?Carotid stent: bradycardia cause?Carotid stent: bradycardia prevention?Carotid surgery: CNS monitoring?Categorical data: chi square test?Caudal anaesthesia?Caudal anaesthesia: infant dose?Caudal anaesthesia: anatomy?Caudal space anatomy?Causes of atrial fibrillation?Causes of upregulations of NAChR?Cbf/CMRO2 drug effects?CBF: factors influencing?CDH: ventilation strategy?Celiac plexus block: distribution?Celiac plexus block: complications?Celiac plexus block: indications?Celiac plexus block: side effects?Central line infections: prevention?Central sleep apnoea vs OSA?Central venous pressure wave forms?Cerebral aneurysm clipping: anaesthetic management?Cerebral aneurysm: electrolytes?Cerebral aneurysm: transmural pressure?Cerebral autoregulation?Cerebral blood flow: temperature effect?Cerebral ischaemia: deep hypothermia?Cerebral vasospasm: treatment?Cerebrovascular resistance: vasodilators?Cervical cerclage: anaesthetic management?Cervical fracture: intubation techniques?Chest wall compliance: calculation?CHF Frank Starling curve: milrinone effect?CHF Frank Starling curve: phenylephrine?CHF: Frank Starling curve?Chi-squared test: application?Chi-squared test: appropriate data?Child-Pugh score: factors?Child-Pugh scoring system?Chloroprocaine metabolism?Chloroprocaine placental transfer?Chronic opioids: side effects?Chronic pain: cancer: methadone?Chronic pain: cancer: opioids?Chronic pain: methadone vs morphine?Circulatory arrest: pH-stat implications?Cirrhosis: hepatic synthetic function?Cirrhosis: NMB kinetics?Clark electrode?Clinical trial: study power?Closed claims: brain damage?Clostridium tetani infection?CO diffus capacity: abnormal differential diagnosis?CO from CO2 absorber?CO poisoning?CO poisoning: clinical features?CO poisoning: diagnosis?CO toxicity: treatment?CO2 absorbers: volatile anaesthetic toxicity?CO2 dissociation curve?CO2 response curve?CO2 transport: bicarbonate?Coagulation factors in hepatic disease?Coagulation changes in pregnancy?Coma vs vegetative state: definition?Compartment syndrome: diagnosis?Compensated respiratory acidosis?Compensatory mechanism and anaemia?Complete heart block: treatment?Complication bronchial blocker?Concentration effect?Congenital emphysema: management?Congenital heart disease: prostaglandin treatment?Congenital heart disease: pulmonary hypertension treatment?Congenital long QT: management?Constrictive pericarditis: venous waveform?Context-sensitive half time?Contrast CT: renal function preservation?Coronary artery: anatomy?Coronary perfusion pressure?Coronary perfusion pressure: left vs right?Corticosteroid deficiency in ICU?Corticosteroids: effect on lab values?CPB antifibrinolytics?Craniotomy: positioning injury?Cricothyroid muscle innervation?CRPS II: treatment?CRPS type 1: symptoms?Cryoprecipitate: fibrinogen content?Crystalloid resuscitation: coagulopathy?Crystalloid vs colloid treatment?CV pharmacology: catecholamines?CV physiology: LV?CV physiology: mixed venous oxygen?CVP waveform: components?Cyanide toxicity: treatment?Cyanide toxicity: diagnosis?Cylinder content: weight vs pressure?D?Dalton’s Law: applied?Dantrolene mechanism?DDD pacemaker peri-operative management?Decreased CO diffusion: causes?Delayed emergence: differential diagnosis?Delayed transfusion reaction?Demyelinating diseases: PFTs?Denervated heart: exercise physiology?Desflurane vaporisation physics?Desmopressin for von Willebrand?Determinants of spinal level?Dexmedetomidine: haemodynamic effects?Diabetes insipidus: intracranial surgery?Diabetes insipidus: treatment?Diabetes: autonomic neurop signs?Diagnosis of croup?DIC: laboratory findings?Differential spinal block?Difficult airway algorithm?Difficult airway: C-section?Dilutional coagulopathy?Discogenic pain: symptoms?Diuretics: adverse effects?DKA treatment?DLT vs bronchial blocker?DM control: glycosylated Hgb?DNR and anaesthesia?Donor hepatectomy: INR elevation?Doppler shift and angle of incidence?Double lumen tube placement?Down’s Syndrome: anaesthetic implications?Down’s Syndrome: abnormalities?Doxorubicin: adverse effects?Doxorubicin: complications?Drowning: initial treatment?Duchenne’s: PFTs?Dural sac: anatomy?Dural sac: caudal extent?Diagnosis: pre-eclampsia?Diagnosis: uterine rupture?Diagnosis: myxoedema coma?E?E-cylinder PSI/vol relationship?Eaton-Lambert: mechanism?ECG: intraventricular conduct delay?ECG: loose lead effect?ECG leads: P-wave detection?ECT: anaesthetic agents and seizure duration?ECT: contra-indications?ECT: seizure duration?ECT: side effects?ECT and heart disease: anaesthetic considerations?EEG: high dose opiates?Effects of flumazenil?Effects of vasopressin vs epi?Electrolyte homeostasis: hormones?Elevated FRC: differential diagnosis?Elevated ICP: hyperventilation?Elevated INR: factor treatment?EMLA contra-indications?Endobronchial intubation?Enoxaparin: assessment of effect?Enteral nutrition vs TPN?Enteral nutrition: Complications?Epidural: clonidine vs morphine?Epidural anaesthetics: respiratory effects?Epidural anaesthesia: adjuvants?Epidural analgesia: complications?Epidural anatomy?Epidural clonidine: mechanism of action?Epidural local anesthetic: GI effect?Epidural local anaesthetic: oeristalsis effect?Epidural steroid indications: radiculopathy?Epidural test dose: surgery?Epiglottitis?Epiglottitis: airway management?Epiglottitis: anaesthetic management?Epiglottitis: diagnosis?Epiglottitis: inhalation induction?Epileptic focus: suppression?Ethical principles: autonomy?Ethics: speaker disclosure?Etiol bronchoconstriction?ETOHism: electrolyte abnormalities?Etomidate: adrenal suppression?Evoked potentials: anaesthetic effects?Ex-premature: pulmonary chest X-ray?EXIT procedure: uterine atony?F?FA/FI volitile anaesthetics?Factor V Leiden: treatment?Factor VIII antibodies: treatment?Factor VIII concentrate: indications?Factors affecting anaesthetic depth?Factors affecting defibrillation?Factors affecting PvO2?Factors affecting SVO2?Factors affecting turbulent flow?Factors affecting vaporiser output?Factors causing prolonged neuromuscular blockade?Failed intubation: treatment?Fat embolism?Fat embolism: diagnosis?FB aspiration: physical exam?Febrile transfusion reaction?Febrile transfusion reaction mechanism?Federal regulation agencies: ors?Femoral nerve block anatomy?FENa in hypovolaemia?Fenoldopam: Renal effects?Fetal blood gas values?Fetal Hb: oxygen transport?Fetal HR pattern: maternal hypotension?Fetal HR pattern: normal labour?Fetal perfusion during surgery?FFP Indications?FFP: citrate toxicity diagnosis/treatment?FFP: warfarin reversal?FHT: variable decelerations?Fibromyalgia differential diagnosis?Flow volume loop: BP fistula?Flowmeter: gas properties?Fluids: traumatic brain injury?Fluid replacement in paediatrics?Fontan single ventricle phys?Foot surgery: regional anaesthesia?FRC: definition?FRC: diseases affecting?FRC: ventilatory setting effects?Furosemide: venodilation?FV loop: mediastinal mass?G?Gas laws: temperature/pressure changes?Gastric volume: PO liquid effect?Gastric volume: breast milk vs clear liquids?Gastroschisis: abdominal closure pulmonary effect?GCS: Indication for intubation?Geriatric anaesthesia: pulmonary changes?Geriatrics: autonomic function?Geriatrics: muscle relaxants?Geriatrics: NSAIDs use?Geriatrics: pulmonary changes?Glasgow coma scale: definition?Glycopyrrolate: adverse effects?Guillain-Barré: autonomic dysfunction?H?H2-blockers: onset time?Haemodialysis effects?Haemodialysis: lab effects?Haemodynamic effects of alpha blockers?Haemodynamics of laryngoscopy?Haemolysis: bilirubin levels?Haldane effect?HCTZ: mechanism of action?Head down position: hypoxaemia?Heart block: coronary occlusion?Heart transplant: autonomic effect?Heliox effects?Heliox: airway resistance?Helium advantages: small-bore tube?Hemi-arthroplasty: causes of decreasing BP?Heparin resistance: treatment?Hepatic bilirubin excretion?Hepatic blood flow: Factors affecting?Hepatic dysfunction?Hepatic protein synthesis?Hepatic synthetic capacity: diagnosis?Hepatic synthetic function: labs?Hepatitis B: needle stick diagnosis?Herbal medicines: anticoagulation effects?Herbal supplements?Herbals: garlic?Herpes and pregnancy?Herpes zoster: treatment?Hetastarch: platelet function?High A-a gradient: causes?High respiratory quotient: lipogenesis?Hip fracture: fat embolism management?HIPAA: privacy rule exclusions?HOCM: anaesthetic mgmt?HOCM: hypotension treatment?Hormonal stress response?Hydrochlorothiazide: blood chemistry effects?Hyperaldosteronism: drug treatment?Hyperbaric chamber: MAC effect?Hyperbaric N2O?Hyperbaric oxygen: indications?Hypercalcaemia: acute treatment?Hypercapnia: causes?Hypercarbia: alveolar gas equation?Hypercarbia: O2 release to tissues?Hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis?Hyperglycaemia: complications?Hyperkalaemia: periodic paralysis triggers?Hyperkalaemia?Hyperkalaemia: treatment?Hypermagnesaemia: treatment?Hyperparathyroidism: signs?Hypertension: brainstem injury?Hypertension: brainstem surgery?Hyperthyroidism: diagnosis?Hyperthyroidism: signs?Hyperventilation: cerebral physiology?Hypocalcaemia: ECG effects?Hypocarbia: electrolyte effects?Hypoglycaemia: glucagon?Hypokalaemic periodic paral trigger?Hyponatraemia and CNS pathology?Hyponatraemia: evaluation?Hypoparathyroidism: treatment?Hypophosphataemia: muscle weakness?Hypoplastic left heart: physiology?Hypothermia with spinal: physiology?Hypothermia: prevention?Hypothermia: cold OR mechanism?Hypothermia: infant vs toddler?Hypothermia: pH stat management?Hypothermia: physiology effects?Hypoventilation in PACU?Hypovolaemia signs: paediatrics?Hypovolaemia: renin-angiotensin response?Hypoxaemia: closing capacity vs FRC?Hypoxaemia: ventilator management?Hypoxia during pneumonectomy: treatment?Hypoxia general anaesthesia: pregnancy?Hypoxic pulmonary vasodilation?I?IABP: contraindications?ICD: removal complications?ICP: tumour: corrected mechanism?ICU: enteral nutrition?Identification epileptic foci: drugs?IgA deficiency and transfusion?IHSS?IHSS: treatment?Ilio-inguinal anatomy?Ilio-inguinal block: complications?Impact of pH on O2 delivery to tissue?Impaired physician: manifestations?Implantable cardiac defibrillator: interventions?Incompetent expiratory valve: signs?Increased FRC: causes?Increased FRC: etiology?Increased ICP: treatment?Increased ICP: induction agents?Indications for hypertonic saline?Induced hypothermia?Infant pre-operative fasting: breast milk?Inhalational anaesthesia: ventilatory effects?Inhaled agents: uterine tone?Inhaled anesthetic: uptake?Inhaled anesthetics: vapour pressure?Inotropes: Alpha-1 activity?Insulin deficiency: phys effects?Interscalene block: side effects?Interscalene block: technique?Interscalene block: anatomy?Interscalene block: complications?Intestinal obstruction: N2O?Intra-art SBP amplification mechanism?Intracranial aneurysm: IV fluids?Intraoperative oliguria: hyperventilation?Intrapulmonary shunt and O2 therapy?Intravascular: extracellular volume ratio?Intubation in Pierre Robin syndrome?Ionising radiation: treatment?Isoflurane: CMRO2 effect?Isolation precautions?Isovolaemic haemodilution compensation?IV anaesthetics: pain on injection?IV regional: mechanism?IV solutions: osmolality?IV to po opioids: equivalency?J?Jet ventilation, gas exchange?Joint commission: anaesthesia standards?K?Ketamine: analgesic mechanism?Ketamine: pheochromocytoma ?Ketamine: receptor effects?Ketamine: side effects?Ketamine: systemic effects?Ketorolac: renal function?L?L-spine: radiologic anatomy?Lab assessment of renal function?Labour pain: regional blocks?Lambert-Eaton Syndrome: physiology?Laparoscopy: air vs N2O?Laparoscopy: elevated ETCO2 differential diagnosis?Laparoscopy complications?Laparoscopy: ETCO2?Laparoscopy: increased PaCO2?Laparoscopy: respiratory complications?Laryngeal innervation?Laryngoscopic view: grading?Laryngospasm: causes?Laryngospasm: mechanism?Laryngospasm: treatment options?Laser airway fire: management?Laser resistant ET?Laser-safe endotracheal tubes?Latex allergy treatment?Latex allergy: foods?Leukoreduction: viral transmission?Level of hypoxaemia: factors impacting?Line isolation monitor?Liposuction: lidocaine toxic dose?Lithium and muscle relaxants?Lithotomy position: nerve Injury?Liver transplant: function of allograft?Liver transplant: reperfusion effect?Liver transplantation: electrolyte disturbances?LMA: intubation guide?LMWH: assessment?LMWH: mechanism of action?Local anaesthetic: concentration calculation?Local anaesthetic: factors influencing onset?Local anaesthetic: methemoglobinaemia?Local anaesthetic: transient neurologic symptoms?Local anaesthetics: systemic toxicity?Logistic Regression: odds Ratio?Long QT syndrome: medications?Lorazepam: metabolism?Low back pain: etiologies?Low tidal volume ventilation: protective effect?Lower extremity nerves: sensory distribution?Lumbar nerve roots: innervation?Lumbar sympathetic block: indications?Lumbosacral radiculopathy: management?Lung function: metabolic?Lung isolation?Lung protection ventilation: pressure goal?Lung resection outcome: PFTs?Lungs: metabolic function?Lusitropy: PV loop?LV failure: diagnosis and treatment post-CPB?LV filling physiology?LV function in geriatric patients?LV pressure-volume relations: impact of preload?M?MAC: factors affecting?Magnesium: complications?Magnesium: hypotensive effect?Magnesium: side effects?Mainstem intubation: physiologic effects?Malignant hyperthermia: associated disorders?Malignant hyperthermia: peri-operative management?Malignant hyperthermia: signs?Management: acute heart failure?Management: lumbosacral radiculopathy?Mannitol osmolarity effects?Mannitol: haemodynamic effects?MAO inhibitor: meperidine toxicity?Mapleson D: rebreathing?Mask CPAP: physiological effects?Maternal mortality causes?Maternal physiology: blood volume?Maximum ABL calculation?Mechanical ventilation: renal effects?Mechanism of action: p450?Meconium aspiration?Meconium aspiration: treatment?Meconium: tracheal suctioning?Mediastinal mass: CXR?Mediastinal tumour: airway obstruction?Mediastinoscopy: vascular compression?Meningomyelocele: Arnold-Chiari assoc?Meperidine: renal failure?Metabolic alkalosis: respiratory compensation?Metabolism: meperidine?Metformin: complications?Metformin: peri-operative management?Metformin: contrast dye reaction?Methadone treatment management?Methadone: QT interval?Methemoglobinaemia?Methemoglobinaemia: diagnosis?Methemoglobinaemia: treatment?Metoclopramide: oesophageal sphincter tone?Metoclopramide: gastric effects?Metoclopramide: pharmacological effects?Meyer Overton correlation?Management of hypoxaemia during OLV?Management of difficult airway: obese patient?Management: WPW?MgSO4: cardiac effects?MH vs thyroid storm?Midazolam: bio-availability versus Route?Midazolam: paediatrics oral dosage?Milrinone: CV effects?Milrinone: pharmacology?Misfilled vaporiser: output calculation?Mitral insufficiency: medical management?Mitral insufficiency: pharmacological treatment?MOCA requirements?Moderate sedation: ASA guidelines?Monitored anaesthesia care: requirements?Monitoring: barbiturate coma?Monitoring for residual NMB?Morbid obesity and atelectasis?Morbid obesity: drug dosing?Morbid obesity: DVT?Morbid obesity: hypoxaemia physiology?Morbid obesity: PFTs?Morbid obesity: postoperative complications?Morbid obesity: rapid desaturation?Motor evoked potentials: anaesthetic effect?MRI: contra-indications?MRI: monitoring hazards?MRI: monitors artifacts?MRI: thermal burns?MRSA treatment?Multiple myeloma: symptoms?Multiple sclerosis: exacerbation?Multiple sclerosis: peri-operative management?Multiple sclerosis: risk of pulmonary complications?Muscle relaxation: anaesthetic agents?Muscle relaxants: benzodiazepine?Muscle relaxants: drug interactions?Muscle relaxation: mechanism?Myasthenia: muscle relaxant effects?Myasthenia: physiology?Myasthenia gravis: postoperative management?Myasthenia gravis: pre-operative risk evaluation?Myasthenic Syndrome vs myasthenia gravis: surgery?Myelomeningocele: associated anomalies?Myocardial ischaemia: intra-operative diagnosis/treatment ?Myocardial ischaemia: acute MR?Myocardial ischaemia: Beta-blockers?Myocardial O2 consumption: determinants?Myocyte repolarisation: ionic flow?Myofascial pain: diagnosis?Myofascial pain syndrome: diagnosis?Myotonic dystrophy: aspiration risk?Myotonic dystrophy: intra-operative management?Myotonic dystrophy: pre-operative evaluation?N?N2O & intraocular gas?Nalbuphine: plateau effect mechanisms?Nasal fibre-optic intubation?National Practitioner Database?Nd: YAG laser characteristics?Neck anatomy: 2D ultrasound?Needle stick injury management?Negative pressure pulmonary oedema: physiology?Neonatal apnoea: hypoxaemia physiology?Neonatal bradycardia: treatment?Neonatal hypoxia: physiology?Neonatal nasal CPAP: mechanism?Neonatal resuscitation and meconium?Neonatal resuscitation: medication?Neonatal vs adult cardiac physiology?Neonate: duration of post-anaesthesia monitoring?Neostigmine: max dose rationale?Neostigmine: muscarinic effects?Nerve action potential termination mechanism?Nerve block landmarks?Nerve block: stimulation current vs distance?Neuraxial anaesthesia: cardiovascular effects?Neuraxial opioids: action site?Neuraxial opioids: tolerance?Neuromuscular block: vecuronium?Neuromuscular blocking agents in CRF?Neuromuscular disease: suxamethonium hyperkalaemia?Neuromuscular diseases: muscle pain?Neuropathic pain: pathophysiology?Neuropathic pain: treatment?Neutral thermal environment: advantages?Newborns: dehydration assessment?Nitric oxide: toxicity?Nitroglycerin: uterine relaxation?Nitroprusside toxicity: blood chemistry?Nitroprusside toxicity: treatment?Nitrous oxide: bowel distention?Nitrous oxide: CBF and CMRO2?Nitrous oxide: closed spaces?NM transmission: ions?NMB & hyperparathyroidism?NMB: drug interactions?NMB: rhabdomyolysis?NMB reversal: assessment?NMB: site of action?NMB: volatile agent interaction?NMBs: ED95 definition?NMBs in CRF?NMB in Eaton-Lambert syndrome?NMJ: anticholinesterase function?NMJ AChR upregulation causes?NO haemodynamic effect?Norepinephrine: CV effects?Nosocomial infections: treatment?NPO guidelines?NPO recommendation: infants?O?O2 del to tissues: factors impacting?O2 delivery to fetus in labour?O2 delivery vs PaO2?O2 delivery vs PaO2 (21%)?O2 desaturation causes: neonate?O2 diffusion during exercise?O2 E cylinder?O2 release?O2 transport: quantitative aspects?Obesity: airway evaluation?Obesity: suxamethonium dosing?Obstructive sleep apnoea: diagnosis?Oculocardiac reflex: afferent path?Odds ratio calculation?Oesophageal sphincter tone: anaesthetic drugs?Office-based anaesthesia: guidelines?Old MI: pre-operative risk assessment?Oliguria: diagnosis?OLT: hypocalcaemia mechanism?Ondansetron: side effect?One lung ventilation: O2 desaturation treatment?One lung ventilation: indications?Opioid conversion: IV and IT?Opioid metabolism?Opioid neurotoxicity: treatment?Opioid reversal?Opioid tolerance: symptoms?Opioid: prodrug?Opioids and aging?Opioids: renal failure?OR costs: labour vs materials?Oral clonidine?Organ donation: process?Organ donor and lungs: Management?Organ donor: bradycardia treatment?Organ donor: treatment of DI?Organophosphate poisoning: diagnosis and treatment?Osteomyelitis: diagnosis?Outpatient surgery contraindications?Oxygen delivery index determinants?Oxygen delivery: factors impacting?Oxygen delivery: pipeline vs cylinder?Oxygen regulator: characteristics?Oxygen saturation: PaO2?Oxygenation during one-lung ventilation?Oxytocic drugs: indications?Oxytocin: electrolyte effects?P?P50 of hemoglobin: factors influencing?Pacemaker and electrocautery?Pacemaker designation?Pacer lead placement: ECG morphology?PACU bypass: rationale?PACU bypass: Stage I bypass criteria?Pain management: rib fracture?Pain terms?Paired vs unpaired t-test?PaO2: temperature correction?Paraplegia: autonomic hyperreflexia?Parasympathetic: cardiac innervation?Parasympathetic nervous system: ganglia?Parathyroidectomy: Cx?Parenteral nutrition: indications?Parental presence: indications?Parental presence: induction?Patent ductus arteriosis: diagnosis?PCA basal infusion and paediatric patients?PCA clinical advantages?PCEA labour analgesia?PDA repair: recurrent laryngeal nerve injury?PDPH: prevention?Peak vs plateau airway pressure?Pediatric circuit: dead space?Paediatric circuit: work of breathing?Paediatrics: airway management?Paediatrics: foreign body aspiration?Paediatrics: postoperative regional analgesia?Paediatrics: pre-operative anxiety?Paediatrics: sleep apnoea risk factors?Paediatrics: warming techniques?PEEP to treat hypoxia?PEEP: effect on PAOP?PEEP: lung volume effect?PEEP: LV effects?Pericardial effusion?Periodic paralyses: hyperglycaemia?Peri-operative anaphylaxis etiology?Peri-operative antihypertensive drug management?Peri-operative beta-blockade: risks?Peri-operative insulin: effects?Peri-operative DNR?Peri-operative renal failure: predictor?Peri-operative risk of MI?Peripartum changes in CO?Peripheral compartment syndrome: diagnosis?Peripheral nerves: anatomy?Peripheral nerves: sensory vs motor?Peripheral oxygen delivery?Peripheral TPN complications?Persistent fetal circulation: causes?PFTs: DLCO?PH buffering: bicarbonate?Phantom limb pain treatment?Pharmacodynamics of vecuronium in infants?Pharmacokinetics: genetic variability?Pharmacology in the elderly?Pharyngeal reflex: innervation?Phase II depolarising blockade?Phases of labour?Phenytoin: ion channels?Phenytoin: neuromuscular block effect?Pheochromocytoma: hypertension treatment?Pheochromocytoma: diagnosis markers?Pheochromocytoma: pre-operative preparation?Pheochromocytoma: treatment of HTN?Phrenic nerve stimulation: side effects?Physician impairment: referral?Pin index safety system?Pituitary adenoma: deficiencies?Placenta accreta: risk factors?Placental ion exchange?Placental transfer: anaesthetic drugs?Placental transfer: anticholinergic?Placental transfer: local anaesthetics?PLT inhibitor drugs: tirofiban mech?Pneumoperitoneum: physiological effects?POCD: predictors?Poiseuille’s law: IV fluids?Polymorphic VT: treatment?PONV: after paediatric surgery?PONV: paediatric patients vs adults?PONV: prevention in children?PONV: prophylaxis?PONV: risk factors?PONV: treatment?Porphyria: anaesthetic risks?Positive type and screen treatment?Post CPB management: SVR?Post herpetic neuralgia: prevention?Post spinal back ache?Postcardiac transplant patient?Post-CPB creatinine increase: differential diagnosis?Postdural puncture headache: risk factors?Postherpetic neuralgia: treatment?Postherpetic neuralgia: risk factors?Postobstructive pulmonary oedema?Postoperative apnoea: post conceptual age?Postoperative ATN: differential diagnosis?Postoperative blindness: aetiology?Postoperative blindness: diagnosis?Postoperative cardiac event: risk factors?Postoperative diabetes insipidus: treatment?Postoperative hepatic dysfunction: risk factors?Postoperative hypotension: pulmonary embolism?Postoperative jaundice: differential diagnosis?Postoperative nausea: treatment?Postoperative neuropathy: lateral position?Postoperative oliguria: endocrine causes?Postoperative oliguria: cause?Postoperative SIRS/sepsis: diagnosis?Postoperative uterine atony: causes?Postoperative ventilation?Post-tonsillectomy complications?Power analysis for sample size?Power analysis: study design?Practice standards: definition?Pre-term labor: treatment?Predictor difficult intubation?Pre-eclampsia: complications?Pre-eclampsia: lab abnormalities?Pre-eclampsia: placental effects?Pregnancy: IC?Pregnancy: haemostasis?Pregnancy: aspiration risk vs time?Pregnancy: asthma?Pregnancy: asthma + uterine atony?Pregnancy: gastric function?Pregnancy: GE reflux mechanism?Pregnancy: haematological changes?Pregnancy: haemodynamic effects?Pregnancy: heme and electrolyte changes?Pregnancy: inhalation induction?Pregnancy: laboratory measurements?Pregnancy: lung volumes?Pregnancy: plasma proteins?Pregnancy: SVT therapy?Premedication: side effects?Pre-operative anxiolysis in children?Pre-operative ECG: indications?Pre-operative evaluation: American College of Cardiology Guidelines?Pre-operative renal failure: predictors?Pre-operative testing: Bayes theorem?Pre-optic anterior hypothalamus: diagnosis?Prerenal oliguria: diagnosis?Prerenal oliguria: diagnosis/treatment?Pressure support ventilation?Pressure vs volume ventilation: ICU?Preterm labour and surgery?Prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia?Primary pulmonary HTN and pregnancy?Prolonged NMB risk factors?Propofol infusion syndrome: diagnosis?Propofol: mechanism of action?Propofol: administration guidelines?Prostaglandin for congenital heart: diagnosis?Protamine reaction: prevention?Protein synthesis: stress induced?Pseudocholinesterase synthesis?Pseudotumour cerebri: LP effect?Pulmonary diffusing capacity?Pulmonary aspiration treatment?Pulmonary embolism?Pulmonary embolism: diagnosis?Pulmonary embolism: diagnostic tests?Pulmonary embolism: pathophysiology?Pulmonary function: ALS?Pulmonary hypertension: diagnosis?Pulmonary vs SVR: calculation?Pulseless Vtach: treatment?Pyloric stenosis: electrolytes?Pyloric stenosis: fluid therapy?Pyloric stenosis: metabolic abnormality?Q?QT prolongation with anti-emetics?Quality measures: patient care?R?R vs L IJ cath complications?Radiation exposure vs distance?Radiculopathy: steroid epidural?Recovery of neuromuscular function in different muscles?Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury?Reflex bronchoconstriction: neurons?Refractory haemophilia?Refusal of blood transfusion?Regional anaesthesia: mechanism of injury?Regional anaesthetics: low molecular weight heparin?Renal blood flow: receptor type?Renal failure: CPB surgery?Renal failure: electrolytes?Renal failure: peri-operative preservation?Renal failure: platelet function?Renal insufficiency: diagnosis?Renal insufficiency: hyperkalaemia?Renal replacement treatment: patient selection?Renal transplant: ATN prevention?Renal transplant: mannitol?Renin-angiotensin CV physiology?Respiratory alkalosis: renal compensation?Respiratory distress syndrome: effects (paediatrics)?Respiratory function: dead space?Respiratory quotient: energy sources?Restrictive lung disease: diagnosis?Retrobulbar block: haemodynamic effect?Retrobulbar vs peribulbar block?Rheumatoid arthritis: complications?Ritodrine: effects?Robotic prostatectomy: contra-indications?Root cause analysis: essential elements?Ruptured diaphragm: diagnosis?Ruptured diaphragm: treatment?S?Saline: hyperchloraemic acidosis?Saphenous nerve block?Saphenous nerve damage: signs?SBE prophylaxis?SBE prophylaxis: indications?Sciatic nerve block: anatomy?Sciatic nerve block: contra-indication?SE vs SD calculation?Second gas effect?Seizure disorders?Selective digestive decontamination?Sensitivity and specificity?Sentinel event: definition?Sepsis: vasopressin?Septic shock: fluid resuscitation?Septic shock: hypotension treatment?Septic shock: stress response mediators?Septic shock: treatment?Septic shock: vasopressin therapy?Sevoflurane uptake: infant vs adult?Shock: pulmonary embolism?Shock states: differential diagnosis?Shunt: effect of increased FiO2?SIADH: electrolytes?SID: hyperchloraemic acidosis?Side effects of etomidate?Side effects of tocolytics?Significance of U/S probe frequency?Sildenafil: drug interactions?Sinus surgery: spheno ganglion?Sinus tachycardia: management?Sites of NO production?Sitting position: BP measurement?Smoking cessation: acute effects?Smoking cessation: acute physiology?Smoking cessation: P50 effect?Soda lime exhaustion: management?Somatic pain vs visceral pain?Spinal anatomy: anterior spinal artery syndrome?Spinal anaesthesia anatomy: paramedian?Spinal anesthaesia: complications?Spinal anaesthesia: premie indications?Spinal anesthesia complications: MRI indications?Spinal anaesthesia spread: factors?Spinal anaesthetics: anatomy?Spinal anaesthetics: neonatal indications?Spinal anaesthetics: severe bradycardia?Spinal anaesthetics: transient neurological symptoms?Spinal block: infant vs adult?Spinal cord: anatomy?Spinal cord: blood flow?Spinal cord: stimulation indications?Spinal cord stimulator: reprogramming?Spinal hypotension: treatment?Spinal microcatheters?Spinal stenosis: diagnosis?Spine osteomyelitis: diagnosis?Spironolactone: side effects?SpO2: effect of methemoglobin?SpO2: carbon monoxide?Spread of epidural anaesthesia?SSEP latency: anaesthetic drugs?SSEP monitoring: anaesthetic effects?SSEP: physiological effects?Standard deviation: definition?Statins in sepsis?Statistical analysis: power?Statistical tests: sensitivity?Statistics: ANOVA indications?Statistics: median?Statistics: test of proportions?Stellate ganglion block: anatomy?Stellate ganglion block: effects?Steroid prophylaxis: indications?Stress response: metabolic effect?Stress response: lipolysis?Stroke volume: atrial fibrillation effects?Strong ion difference: etiology?Study design: blinding?Sub-ambient pressure alarm?Subarachnoid bleed: ECG effects?Subarachnoid haemorrhage: nimodipine?Subarachnoid haemorrhage: complications?Subdural injection: symptoms?Subglottic drainage ETT: indication?Suxamethonium: contra-indications?Suxamethonium: lower oesophageal sphincter pressure?Suxamethonium: normal K increase?Suxamethonium: side effects?Suxamethonium and bradycardia?Suxamethonium in Guillain Barre Syndrome?Suxamethonium in neuromuscular disease?Superior laryngeal nerve anatomy?Surgery risk during pregnancy?Surgical stimulation: effect on MAC?SvO2 physiology?Sweat glands: innervation?Symptomatic bradycardia: treatment?Synchronised electrical cardioversion?Systolic vs diastolic heart failure: diagnosis?T?Tachydysrhythmias: treatment?TAP block: anatomy?TAVI: complications?TCD: utility in CEA?TE fistula: ETT positioning?TEE: aortic valve?TEE: contraindications?TEE: diagnosis: hypotension?TEE: tamponade vs hypovolemia?TEE: ventricular wall anatomy?TEE views: perfusion distribution?TEE views: perfusion distribution (22%)?TEF: other abnormalities?TEG: decreased MA diagnosis/treatment?TENS: indications?Tension pneumothorax: diagnosis and treatment?Tet spell: pharmacological treatment?Tetanus: pathophysiology?Tetralogy of Fallot treatment?Tetralogy of Fallot: decreased SpO2?Thiopental termination of action?Thiopental therapeutic coma?Thiopental: CMRO2/CBF relationship?Thoracoscopy: hypoxaemia treatment?Thyroid surgery and hypocalcaemia?Thyroid surgery: RLN monitoring?Thyroidectomy: complications?Thyrotoxicosis: treatment?Time constant definition?Time units definition?Torsade de Pointes: treatment?Total knee replacement: regional anaesthesia techniques?Tourniquet deflation?TPN: discontinuation complications?TPN: metabolic effects?TPN: phosphorous deficiency?TPN: respiratory quotient?Trachoesophageal fistula: associated anomaly?TRALI: findings on CXR?TRALI: leukopaenia?TRALI: presentation?TRALI: treatment?Tramadol: pharmacology?Transcutaneous pacing?Transcutaneous pacing modes?Transdermal fentanyl indications?Transducer ?Transfusion mortality: causes?Transfusion reaction: management?Transfusion reaction: lab findings?Transfusion: leukoreduction?Transfusion: bacterial sepsis?Transphenoidal surgery: DI treatment?Traumatic brain injury: management?Traumatic brain injury: CPP?Treatment: intracranial hypertension in CHF?Treatment: peri-operative SVT?Treatment: antithrombin 3 deficiency?Trigeminal neuralgia?Trigeminal neuralgia: treatment?Trigger point injections: indications?Tumescent anesthesia Cx?Tumescent liposuction: complications?Tumescent liposuction: lidocaine dose?TURP solutions: neurological complications?TURP syndrome: treatment?TURP: benefit of spinal?TURP: irrigating fluid complications?Treatment hypertension: Parkinson’s?Type and screen?Type I statistical error: definition?U?Ultrasonography: internal jugular?Ultrasound anatomy: supraclavicular block?Ultrasound structures: echogenicity?Ultrasound: acoustic impedance?Uncuffed ETT: max leak pressure?Unilateral blindness: aetiology?Upper airway anatomy?Upper extremity nerve blocks: indications?Upper extremity: regional management?Upper extremity: tourniquet pain prevention?Uptake and distribution: infant vs adult?Uptake and distribution: pregnancy?Uptake of inhaled anesthetics: V/Q mismatch?Uterine atony?Uterine blood flow determinants?Uterine relaxation techniques?Uterine tone and anaesthetics?V?V/Q mismatch: emphysema?Vapour pressure?Vaporiser output at altitude?Vaporiser output calculation?Vasodilator: pharmacodynamics?Vasodilator: pharmacokinetics?Vasodilators: renal blood flow?Vasopressin: pharmacology?Vasopressin treatment: diabetes insipidus?Vasopressors: risk of myocardial ischemia?VE/PaCO2 relationship: hypoxia?Vecuronium: PD in geriatric patients?Venous air embolism?Ventilation modes: pressure waveform?Ventilator: low tidal volume?Ventilator associated pneumonia management?Ventilator disconnect: detection?Ventilator settings: atelectasis?Ventilatory response at altitude?Ventricular hypertrophy?Ventricular PV loops?Verapamil dantrolene interaction?VF: epinephrine mechanism?Volume controlled ventilation?Von Willebrand disease: treatment?VQ mismatch: causes?W?Wall oxygen failure: signs?WHO analgesic ladder?Work of breathing: neonate vs adult?X?YZ ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download