Syllabus - CAA

?GUIDANCE MATERIALTRAINING PROGRAMME-20193048260000BALLOON PILOTBPLHOT-AIR BALLOONTEMPLATE FOR DECLARED TRAINING ORGANISATIONSThis training programme is developed in accordance with Regulation (EU) No. 1178/2011 and related AMCs. The structure encompasses one variant of developed training programme for BPL training. Best practices and system varies, therefore each training organisation should align their programmes with their knowledge and best practices. Template is not obligatory and can be used as guidance material for developing training programme for Declared Training Organisation or even Approved Training Organisation (programme needs to be integrated into training manual).ENGLISH VERSIONContent TOC \o "1-4" \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000000" 1Syllabus PAGEREF _Toc256000000 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000001" 1.1Aim of the Course PAGEREF _Toc256000001 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000002" 1.2Time Scale PAGEREF _Toc256000002 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000003" 1.3Pre-entry requirements PAGEREF _Toc256000003 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000004" 1.4Tests and Examinations PAGEREF _Toc256000004 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000005" 1.4.1Theoretical progress tests PAGEREF _Toc256000005 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000006" 1.4.2Flight progress tests PAGEREF _Toc256000006 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000007" 1.4.3Skill test PAGEREF _Toc256000007 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000008" 1.5Summary of minimum training hours PAGEREF _Toc256000008 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000009" 1.6Credits for previous experience PAGEREF _Toc256000009 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000010" 1.6.1Special requirements for applicants holding LAPL(B) PAGEREF _Toc256000010 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000011" 1.7Procedure when changing training organisation PAGEREF _Toc256000011 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000012" 1.8Teaching materials PAGEREF _Toc256000012 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000013" 1.9Specific requirements for the Balloon Pilot Licence (BPL) PAGEREF _Toc256000013 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000014" 1.9.1Privileges and conditions PAGEREF _Toc256000014 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000015" 2Theoretical knowledge training PAGEREF _Toc256000015 \h 8 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000016" 3Flight Instruction for Balloon Pilot Licence PAGEREF _Toc256000016 \h 12 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000017" 3.1Instructional methods PAGEREF _Toc256000017 \h 12 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000018" 3.1.1Self-briefing PAGEREF _Toc256000018 \h 12 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000019" 3.1.2Briefing PAGEREF _Toc256000019 \h 12 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000020" 3.1.3Debriefing PAGEREF _Toc256000020 \h 13 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000021" 3.1.4Instructor debriefing PAGEREF _Toc256000021 \h 13 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000022" 3.2Syllabus of flight instruction PAGEREF _Toc256000022 \h 13 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000023" 3.3Phases of training PAGEREF _Toc256000023 \h 13 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000024" 3.4Air excercises integration list PAGEREF _Toc256000024 \h 14 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000025" 4Extension of privileges of Balloon Pilot Licence PAGEREF _Toc256000025 \h 16 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000026" 4.1Extension of BPL licence to commercial privileges PAGEREF _Toc256000026 \h 16 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000027" 4.2Extension of privileges to tethered flights PAGEREF _Toc256000027 \h 16 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000028" 4.2.1Air exercise integration list PAGEREF _Toc256000028 \h 16 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000029" 4.3Extension of privileges to another balloon group PAGEREF _Toc256000029 \h 16 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000030" 4.3.1Instructions flight standards PAGEREF _Toc256000030 \h 17 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000031" 4.3.2Air exercise integration list PAGEREF _Toc256000031 \h 17 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000032" 5Appendix 1: Air exercises PAGEREF _Toc256000032 \h 18 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000033" Exercise No. 1 Familiarisation with the balloon PAGEREF _Toc256000033 \h 18 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000034" Exercise No. 2 Preparation for flight PAGEREF _Toc256000034 \h 19 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000035" Exercise No. 3 Crew and passenger briefing PAGEREF _Toc256000035 \h 21 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000036" Exercise No. 4 Assembly and layout PAGEREF _Toc256000036 \h 22 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000037" Exercise No. 5 Inflation PAGEREF _Toc256000037 \h 23 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000038" Exercise No. 6 Take-off in different wind conditions PAGEREF _Toc256000038 \h 25 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000039" Exercise No. 7 Climb to level flight PAGEREF _Toc256000039 \h 27 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000040" Exercise No. 8 Level flight PAGEREF _Toc256000040 \h 28 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000041" Exercise No. 9 Descent to level flight and/or Landing PAGEREF _Toc256000041 \h 30 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000042" Exercise No. 10 Emergencies – systems PAGEREF _Toc256000042 \h 32 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000043" Exercise No. 11 Other emergencies PAGEREF _Toc256000043 \h 34 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000044" Exercise No. 12 Navigation PAGEREF _Toc256000044 \h 36 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000045" Exercise No. 13 Fuel management PAGEREF _Toc256000045 \h 39 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000046" Exercise No. 14 Approach from low level, awareness of powerlines PAGEREF _Toc256000046 \h 41 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000047" Exercise No. 15 Approach from high level, intermediate landing, final landing PAGEREF _Toc256000047 \h 43 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000048" Exercise No. 16 Operating at low level PAGEREF _Toc256000048 \h 46 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000049" Exercise No. 17 Landing in different wind conditions PAGEREF _Toc256000049 \h 47 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000050" Exercise No. 18 Flight to 4000 ft AGL PAGEREF _Toc256000050 \h 49 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000051" Exercise No. 19 Experience cold descent PAGEREF _Toc256000051 \h 51 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000052" Exercise No. 20 First solo PAGEREF _Toc256000052 \h 53 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000053" Exercise No. 21 Tethered instruction flight PAGEREF _Toc256000053 \h 54 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000054" 6Appendix 2: Progress tests PAGEREF _Toc256000054 \h 56 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000055" 6.1Progress Test 1: Basic flying skills PAGEREF _Toc256000055 \h 56 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000056" 6.2Progress Test 2: Before first solo PAGEREF _Toc256000056 \h 57 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc256000057" 6.3Progress Test 2: Before skill test PAGEREF _Toc256000057 \h 58REVISIONS OF TRAINING PROGRAMMEDateIssueRevision (REV)Changes22.11.201810Initial issueABBREVIATIONSAbbreviationAFMAircraft Flight ManualAGL Above Ground LevelAIPAeronautical Information PublicationAROATS Reporting OfficeATCAir Traffic ControlATS Air Traffic ServiceBPLBalloon Pilot LicencefpmFeet per MinuteGNSSGlobal Navigation Satellite Systemm/sMeter per SecondNOTAMNotice to AirmanPZProhibited ZoneRDS Rapid Deflation SystemSERAStandardised European Rules of the AirSZSensitive ZoneSyllabusThis syllabus, produced by DTO [enter name of DTO] for Balloon Pilot Licence (BPL), conforms to the requirements of the Part FCL. The purpose of this syllabus is to provide all the information required, to students and to instructors who are involved in the training course.The training consists of theoretical knowledge training and flight instruction by an instructor who is authorized to instruct toward a BPL and/or by competent theoretical knowledge instructors.Aim of the CourseThe training course is designed to give the student adequate theoretical knowledge, training in ground handling and flying techniques based on established teaching methods.The aim of the training course is to become proficient as Hot-Air Balloon Pilot (BPL). A fundamental part of the training course is to stress the importance of decision making as a pilot-in-command. Therefore, this training course gives the student the knowledge related to Hot-Air Balloons regarding:Air law and ATC proceduresHuman performanceMeteorologyCommunicationsPrinciples of flight – balloonOperational procedures – balloonFlight performance and planning – balloonAircraft general knowledge, envelope and systems and emergency equipment – balloonNavigation – balloonProcedures stated in the Hot-Air Balloon flight manual.During the training course the student is made aware of hazardous attitudes and their effect on flight safety. Safety awareness and risk management are a fundamental part of the course.Time ScaleA full-time course of flight training is expected to take at least 6 weeks to complete. However, in most cases, course length will be dictated by the student’s availability, meteorological conditions and will take considerably longer in some cases it can be also shorter.The flight and theoretical training syllabi detailed show the minimum training required. Each exercise has a completion standard that is to be achieved before completing the training. In the event that the required standard is not achieved in the minimum time allocated, it will be necessary to repeat all or part of the exercise, which is likely to result in the course being extended beyond the minimum hours.Pre-entry requirementsBefore being accepted for training the student shall be informed that the appropriate medical certificate must be obtained before solo flying is permitted.Before first solo flight, the student shall:be at least 14 years of age;hold at least a medical certificate class 2 in accordance with Part-MED and in addition; pass the progress test 2 (PT2);The FI(B) should ensure that the applicant can adequately operate the required systems and equipment. For the BPL skill test, the applicant shall:be at least 16 years of age;pass the progress test 3 (PT3);be recommended by head of training.Tests and ExaminationsTheoretical progress testsTheoretical progress tests are conducted by DTO for every subject. DTO checks that all elements of the theoretical knowledge training course have been completed to a satisfactory standard before recommending the applicant for the examination. If any part of the course is conducted as distance learning (including directed self-study), progress testing will be required to confirm that the necessary standard has been reached before continuing with the course.Flight progress testsFlight progress tests are conducted during the course:Progress Test 1 (PT1) is a test of the student’s ability to fly Hot Air Balloon safely and commands basic ballooning skills, before progress to further phases of training. The PT1 shall be conducted by instructor who was not involved in flight training of the student.Progress Test 2 (PT2) is a test of the student’s ability to fly Hot Air Balloon safely. The FI(B) should ensure that the applicant can adequately operate the required systems and equipment. The test is ideally conducted by the instructor, who was not involved in flight training of the student (if possible), or by the Head of Training. The test must be passed before the student is authorized for the first solo flight.Progress Test 3 (PT3) is designed to ensure that the student can complete all of the relevant exercises to the standard required at the BPL skill test. The test shall be conducted by the Head of Training or instructor nominated by the Head of Training.Skill testThe BPL skill test is taken when all training is complete and the candidate has passed progress test 2 (PT2). The test is conducted by an examiner designated by the CAA-SI.Before BPL skill test is taken, candidate should pass appropriate language proficiency assessment (on operational level 4 as minimum required) according to language assessment method established by the CAA-SI and pass relevant radiotelephony tests (R/T), in English or Slovenian language, as applicable.Summary of minimum training hoursThe training course includes, as minimum:77 hours of theoretical knowledge training, ( combined: classroom, distance learning and onsite by instructor );at least 16 hours of flight instruction, including at least: 12 hours of dual flight instruction;10 inflations and 20 take-offs and landings; and1 supervised solo flight with a minimum flight time of at least 30 minutes.Credits for previous experienceSpecial requirements for applicants holding LAPL(B)Applicants for a BPL holding an LAPL(B) shall be fully credited towards the requirements for the issue of a BPL. Applicants for a BPL who held an LAPL(B) within the period of 2 years before the application shall be fully credited towards the requirements of theoretical knowledge and flight instruction. Procedure when changing training organisationWhen candidate changes training organisations during the course DTO following documentation shall be obtained:training records including progress tests, as applicable;student pilot logbook;medical certificate, if applicable;After assessment of documentation and conducted interview with candidate, a pre-entry assessment of the applicant’s flying skills should be undertaken by the applicant, on the basis of which the DTO may evaluate the level of the applicant to better tailor the course. After assessment of documentation, head of training shall develop credit report and training course syllabi to fulfill requirements of Part-FCL for BPL.Teaching materials The following list represents the reference material that covers the subject details shown in the main body of the syllabus:Aircraft flight manual (AFM) Aircraft Maintenance Manual (AMM )EASA Easy Access Rules Part-FCL ( HYPERLINK "" )Priro?nik o uporabi frazeologije v slovenskem jeziku (CAA-SI handbook)…Specific requirements for the Balloon Pilot Licence (BPL)Privileges and conditions The privileges of the holder of a BPL are to act as pilot-in-command on hot-air balloons of group A (envelope capacity limited to 3400 cubic meters). Further extension of privileges of BPL licence are subject to further training and testing.Theoretical knowledge trainingThe theoretical knowledge training consists of all instruction given for the purpose of the training course and includes classroom lessons, distance learning (including dictated self study) and onsite training with instructor.Additional theoretical knowledge necessary for the specific air exercise are covered by the instructor during the instructor’s briefing and debriefing.(One classroom hour means 60 minutes)010 AIR LAW AND ATC PROCEDURESTheory hoursProposed means of instruction010 lesson 1International law: conventions, agreements and organisationsAirworthiness of aircraftAircraft nationality and registration marks1:000:450:15ClassroomDistance learning010 lesson 2Personnel licencingRules of the airProcedures for air navigation services: aircraft operations0:450:450:30ClassroomDistance learning010 lesson 3Air traffic management, regulations, airspace structureAeronautical information serviceAerodromesSearch and rescue1:000:300:100:20ClassroomDistance learning010 lesson 4SecurityAircraft accident and incident reporting, investigationNational law0:200:401:00ClassroomDistance learning020 AIRCRAFT GENERAL KNOWLEDGE, ENVELOPE AND SYSTEMS AND EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT – BALLOONTheory hoursProposed means of instruction020 lesson 1System design, loads, stresses and maintenance, envelope2:00ClassroomDistance learningOnsite020 lesson 2Burner, Fuel cylinders, basket or gondola2:00ClassroomDistance learningOnsite020 lesson 3Burning gas ( LPG )1:00ClassroomDistance learning020 lesson 4Instruments, Emergency equipment2:00ClassroomDistance learningOnsite030 FLIGHT PERFORMANCE AND PLANNINGTheory hoursProposed means of instruction030 lesson 1Mass, Purpose of mass considerations1:00ClassroomOnsite, briefing, debriefing030 lesson 2LoadingPerformance, General1:001:00ClassroomOnsite, briefing, debriefing030 lesson 3PerformanceFlight planning and monitoring 1:001:00ClassroomOnsite, briefing, debriefing030 lesson 4Flight planning:general, pre-flight plan (ATS flight plan)2:00ClassroomOnsite, briefing, debriefing030 lesson 5Flight monitoring and in flight re-planning4:00 ClassroomOnsite040 HUMAN PERFORMANCETheory hoursProposed means of instruction040 lesson 1Human factors: basic concepts2:00ClassroomDistance learning040 lesson 2Basic aviation physiology and health maintenance 3:00ClassroomDistance learning040 lesson 3Basic aviation psychology2:00ClassroomDistance learning050 METEOROLOGYTheory hoursProposed means of instruction050 lesson 1Atmosphere: composition, extent and vertical division ICAO standard atmosphere1:000:30ClassroomDistance learningOn site050 lesson 2Wind, definition, measurement of wind, primary cause of windAir temperature2:001:00ClassroomDistance learningOn site050 lesson 3Atmospheric pressure, Thermodynamics1:00ClassroomDistance learning050 lesson 4Clouds and fog1:30ClassroomDistance learningOn site050 lesson 5Air masses and fronts, Pressure systems, Altimetry2:00ClassroomDistance learningOn site050 lesson 6Precipitation, Climatology2:00ClassroomDistance learningOn site050 lesson 7Flight hazards1:00ClassroomDistance learningOn site050 lesson 8Meteorological information2:00ClassroomDistance learningOn site060 NAVIGATIONTheory hoursProposed means of instruction060 lesson 1Basics of navigation (1)2:00ClassroomDistance learning060 lesson 2Basics of navigation (2)Magnetism and compasses1:001:00ClassroomDistance learningOn site060 lesson 3Charts2:00ClassroomDistance learningOn site060 lesson 4Dead reckoning navigation2:00ClassroomDistance learningOnsite060 lesson 5In-flight navigation2:00ClassroomDistance learningOnsite060 lesson 6GNSS1:001:00ClassroomDistance learningOnsite070 OPERATIONAL PROCEDURESTheory hoursProposed means of instruction070 lesson 1General requirements2:00ClassroomDistance learningOnsite070 lesson 2Special operational procedures and hazards (general aspects)2:00ClassroomDistance learningOnsite070 lesson 3Emergency procedures3:00ClassroomDistance learningOnsite080 PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT- BALLOONTheory hoursProposed means of instruction080 lesson 1Principles of flight1:00ClassroomDistance learning080 lesson 2Aerostatics1:00ClassroomDistance learning080 lesson 3Loading limitations1:00ClassroomDistance learningOn site080 lesson 4Operational limitations2:00ClassroomDistance learningOn site090 COMMUNICATIONTheory hoursProposed means of instruction090 lesson 1VFR communicationsDefinitions1:000:45ClassroomDistance learning090 lesson 2General operating procedures Relevant weather information terms (VFR) 1:001:15ClassroomDistance learningOnsite090 lesson 3Action required to be taken in case of communication failure0:30ClassroomOnsite090 lesson 4Distress and urgency procedures 0:30ClassroomOnsite090 lesson 5General principles of VHF propagation and allocation of frequencies1:00ClassroomDistance learningTotal:77:00Flight Instruction for Balloon Pilot LicenceThe BPL flight instruction syllabus takes into account the principles of threat and error management and also covers:(i) pre-flight operations, including load calculations, balloon inspection and servicing; (ii) crew and passenger briefings; (iii) inflation and crowd control; (iv) control of the balloon by external visual reference; (v) take-off in different wind conditions; (vi) approach from low and high level; (vii) landings in different surface wind conditions; (viii) cross-country flying using visual reference and dead reckoning; (ix) emergency operations, including simulated balloon equipment malfunctions; (x) compliance with air traffic services procedures and communication procedures; (xi) avoidance of nature protection areas, landowner relations. Before allowing the applicant to undertake his/her first solo flight, the FI(B) should ensure that the applicant can operate the required systems and equipment. Instructional methodsSelf-briefingIndividual self-preparation of the student before the flight. As early as possible in the course, the student should expected to arrive at the briefing prepared to brief the instructor on the current meteorological and AIS information. Student shall also prepare revision of knowledge and brief preparation of task, previously ordered by instructor. Student should take notes to the ?self-briefing? section of list of air exercises which is to be recorded into training records and signed by FI(B).BriefingEach flight exercise, whether dual or solo, is to be preceded by a thorough pre-flight briefing. The student should be left in no doubt as to his responsibilities during the flight and the order in which exercises are to be taught/practised. As early as possible in the course, the student should be expected to arrive at the briefing prepared to brief the instructor on the current meteorological and AIS information. The instructor will give the candidate one or more quiz questions on operational or emergency procedures.DebriefingThe student should be debriefed as soon as practicable after each flight. The debriefing must match the subsequent entry in the student’s training record, which the student is expected to sign. It starts with student self-evaluation. The instructor will correct the self-critique and add what is missing. The instructor will present the deviations and steps for correction. Debriefing will be concluded with the summary of the practical exercise. A plan is made for the next exercise. A short (3 min) summary of the debriefing will be presented at the next short briefing of the flight preparation. The student should be debriefed as soon as practicable after each flight. Instructor debriefingThe instructor makes individual analysis of student progress and his own work. The instructor fills in all necessary documentation and adds comments or recommendations for improvement of the training system.Syllabus of flight instructionThe numbering of exercises should be used primarily as an exercise reference list and as a broad instructional sequencing guide; therefore the demonstrations and practices need not necessarily be given in the order listed. The actual order and content will depend upon the following interrelated factors: (i) the applicant’s progress and ability; (ii) the weather conditions affecting the flight; (iii) the flight time available; (iv) instructional technique considerations; (v) the local operating environment; (vi) applicability of the exercises to the balloon type. Each of the exercises involves the need for the applicant to be aware of the needs of good airmanship and look-out, which should be emphasised at all times. Phases of trainingAir exercises will normally be taught in the order detailed in air exercise list, which ensures that they are taught in the most suitable learning sequence. If deviation from the normal order is necessary due, for example, to weather or aircraft unserviceability, the circumstances are to be detailed in the student’s training record.BPLPartExercisesMinimum hoursCompletion1 – Basic skills1-11, 14, 156Progress test 1 (PT1)2 – Advanced skills12-13, 17, 18, 206Progress test 2 (PT2)3 – Confidence building18 -194Progress test 3 (PT3)Air excercises integration listSessionSortieFlight TimeTotalExercise numberDualSoloBasic exercises: tasks before take-off and airmanship are integrated in every training session.2-5PART 1: Basic skills1Take-off in different wind conditionsClimb to level flight and descent to level flight.0:15-0:156-92Take-off in different wind conditionsClimb to level flight and descent to level flight.Descent0:15-0:306-93Take-off in different wind conditionsClimb to level flight and descent to level flight.Descent0:15-0:456-94Take-off in different wind conditionsClimb to level flight and descent to level flight.DescentEmergencies0:30-1:156-115Take-off in different wind conditionsClimb to level flight and descent to level flight.DescentEmergencies0:30-1:456-116Take-off in different wind conditionsClimb to level flight and descent to level flight.DescentEmergencies0:45-2:306-117Take-off in different wind conditionsClimb to level flight and descent to level flight.DescentEmergenciesApproach from low and high level0:45-3:156-11, 14, 158Take-off in different wind conditionsClimb to level flight and descent to level flight.DescentEmergenciesApproach from low and high level1:00-4:156-11, 14, 159Take-off in different wind conditionsClimb to level flight and descent to level flight.DescentEmergenciesApproach from low and high level1:00-5:156-11, 14, 1510Progress test – basic skills– PT11:00-6:156-11, 14, 15PART 2: Advanced Skills11Basic skillsNavigation, fuel managementLanding in different wind conditions1:00-07:1512, 13, 1712Basic skillsOperating at low levelNavigation, fuel managementLanding in different wind conditions1:00-08:1512, 13, 16, 1713Basic skillsOperating at low levelNavigation, fuel managementLanding in different wind conditions1:00-09:1512, 13, 16, 1714Basic skillsOperating at low levelNavigation, fuel managementLanding in different wind conditions1:00-10:1512, 13, 16, 1715Basic skillsOperating at low levelNavigation, fuel managementLanding in different wind conditions1:00-11:1512, 13, 16, 1716Progress test – before first solo – PT20:45-12:0012, 13, 16, 17Part 3: Before skill test and confidence building17First solo-0:3012:302018Basic skillsOperating at low levelNavigation, fuel managementLanding in different wind conditions1:00-13:3012, 13, 16, 1719Basic skillsFlight to 4000 ft AGLCold descent1:00-14:3012, 13, 16 - 1920Basic skillsOperating at low levelNavigation, fuel managementLanding in different wind conditions1:00-15:3012, 13, 16, 1721Solo flight-0:3014:002022Basic skillsOperating at low levelNavigation, fuel managementLanding in different wind conditions1:00-15:0012, 13, 16, 1723Progress test – before first BPL skill test – PT31:00-16:0012, 13, 16 - 19Total:15:001:0016:00Extension of privileges of Balloon Pilot LicenceExtension of BPL licence to commercial privilegesHolders of a BPL shall be restricted to act without remuneration in non- commercial operations until they have:attained the age of 18 years;completed 50 hours of flight time and 50 take-offs and landings as PIC on balloons;passed a proficiency check with an examiner on a balloon in the specific class.Extension of privileges to tethered flightsThe privileges of the LAPL(B) and BPL shall be limited to non-tethered flights. This limitation may be removed when the pilot has completed at least 3 tethered instruction flights. The completion of the additional training shall be entered in the logbook and to training records of DTO and signed by the instructor. Air exercise integration listSessionSortieFlight TimeTotalExercise numberDualSoloBasic exercises: tasks before take-off and airmanship are integrated in every training session.2-51Tether flight0:30-0:30212Tether flight1:00-1:30213Tether flight1:00-2:3021Total2:30-2:30Extension of privileges to another balloon groupThe privileges of the BPL shall be limited to the class and group of balloons in which the skill test was taken. This limitation may be removed when the pilot has, in the case of an extension to another group within the same class of balloons, completed at least: 2 instruction flights on a balloon of the relevant group; and the following hours of flight time as PIC on balloons: for balloons with an envelope capacity between 3 401 m? and 6 000 m? , at least 100 hours;for balloons with an envelope capacity between 6 001 m? and 10 500 m? , at least 200 hours;for balloons with an envelope capacity of more than 10 500 m? , at least 300 hours.An extension to group B is also valid for group A. The extension for the group C is also valid for the groups A and B. An extension to group D will include the privilege for the other three groups. The DTO will issue a certificate of completion of instruction fights after the candidate has successfully completed at least 2 training flights according to all elements in Flight progress test (PT 3) of this Training Programme with an instructor, holding relevant privileges.The take-off site should be chosen by the candidate depending on the actual meteorological conditions, the area which has to be overflown and the possible options for suitable landing sites. The candidate should be responsible for the flight planning and should ensure that all equipment and documentation for the execution of the flight are on board. The total duration of the flight(s) should be at least 60 minutes. A candidate should indicate to the FI(B) the checks and duties carried out. Checks should be completed in accordance with the flight manual or the authorised checklist for the balloon on which the test is being taken. During pre-flight preparation for the test the candidate should be required to perform crew and passenger briefings and demonstrate crowd control. The load calculation should be performed by the applicant in compliance with the operations manual or aircraft flight manual for the balloon used. Instructions flight standardsThe candidate should demonstrate the ability to: operate the balloon within its limitations; complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy; exercise good judgment and airmanship; apply aeronautical knowledge; maintain control of the balloon at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt. The following limits are for general guidance:Height: > normal flight ± 100 ft > with simulated emergency ± 150 ftThe FI(B) should make allowance for turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the hot-air balloon used: Air exercise integration listSessionSortieFlight TimeTotalExercise numberDualSolo1Instructional flight 1:00-1:00PT32Instructional flight1:00-1:30PT3Total2:00-2:00Appendix 1: Air exercisesExercise No. 1 Familiarisation with the balloonGround TrainingFamiliarisation with the balloonAimTo learn the characteristics of the balloon used on the course, refuelling techniques and precautions while refuelling. Getting familiar with balloon instruments and equipment. Contentcharacteristics of the balloonthe components or systemsrefuelling of the cylindersinstruments and equipmentuse of checklist(s) and proceduresInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment1:300:30Balloon, Refuelling premisesAir ExerciseInstructor: Read through the flight limitations with the student. Point out and explain any unfamiliar parts or systems of the balloon (deflation system, burner system, fuel configuration, location and operation of controls and instruments). Emphasise the need for protective clothing, adequate ventilation and removal of possible ignition sources whenever propane is handled. Refer to LPG properties and refuelling in the Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM).Explains settings of instruments (altimeter, GPS, temperature gauge/instrument, variometer, compass) and functions. Fire extinguisher/fire blanket, handling line, quick release, spare fire striker, setup, usage and precautions while using them. Usage and importance of pre-flight checklist, in-flight checklist, passenger briefing.Student: Operate and ‘get the feel of’ all control lines and burner functions before take-off. Refer to balloon components in AFM. Perform, setting and usage of explained instruments and equipment by the instructor and perform all briefingsCompletion StandardGive the correct name and functions of parts of a balloon and its associated equipment. In the balloon logbook, identify the latest periodic inspection and confirm there is nothing in that inspection, or noted since, to preclude flight. In the AFM, identify flight limitations and specific control instructions for the balloon.Recall and understand refuelling procedures and safety requirements.Adequately brief a crew person to assist with refuelling.Demonstrate safe refuelling of a balloon using the procedures and safety requirements. Student has to be familiar and has to demonstrate use of checklists for procedures (preflight checklist, in-flight checklist, passenger briefing, setting of instruments, usage of fire extinguisher/fire blanket, handling line, quick release).Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 2 Preparation for flightGround TrainingPreparation for flightAimTo learn obtaining all the necessary information and execute preflight procedures in preparing for a safe flight.Contentdocumentation and equipmentweather forecast and actualsflight planning:NOTAMsairspace structuresensitive areas (for example nature protection areas)expected track and distancepre-flight picture; filling in the flight plan to ARO or ATCpossible landing fieldslaunch field:permissionfield selectionbehaviouradjacent fieldsload calculations, rigging the balloon and preflight inspectionsInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment1:000:45BalloonExerciseInstructor: Presents the necessary documentation that must be with the balloon and pilot before take-off. Shows the status of it: currency, airworthiness. Read through the flight limitations with the student Include METEO exercise in every flight, even if very briefly at first. Once the student understands the basics, ask him to give his assessment of weather and related flight decisions, and then critique his assessment. Compare the forecast with actual observed conditions. Check student is aware of the time of issue and validity of any forecast. If a student is nervous about starting a flight in given conditions, it may be appropriate to suggest a demonstration flight including for example a windy take-off and/or landing.Student:Familiarise with weather basics (and pass the METEO progress test) as early as possible.Learn to get forecasts independently of the Instructor.Be aware that dirt, sand or grass may be blown into the envelope by the fan, and then catch alight or fall into people’s eyes once the balloon is upright. Surface should be fire safe and suitable for a pletion StandardStudent has to demonstrate which mandatory documentation must be with him on the flight. Demonstrate understanding and which equipment is used in ballooning. Obtain public and aviation forecasts.Show understanding of the forecast information and its suitability for balloon flight.Observe weather signs in the proposed flight area and compare these with the forecast information.Use a pibal (helium balloon) to observe low level wind speeds and directions.Obtain first or last light as applicable, and identify local factors which may affect it. Apply all the above information to make appropriate and safe flight decisionsCheck NOTAM for the flying area Obtain details of any local aerodrome/s, airspace structure in eAIPHave an appropriate local topographic or sectional map and aviation chart available covering the proposed flight area, (essential chart details may instead be marked on the map) Understand the details of any local SZ’s( Sensitive Zone), PZ’s ( Prohibited Zone), populated areas and show they are marked on the flying mapIdentify appropriate items within sight of the launch field, and on the flying map and chart (e.g. powerlines, livestock, physical features, SZ’s, airspace boundaries, populous areas, suitable landing areas)Project expected flight path ( track and distance)Plan and conduct the flight safely and legally in relation to these items.Submitting the Flight plan to eARO.Assess potential launch site for suitable surface, upwind shelter, and obstacles. Power lines, houses and livestock immediately downwind should be avoided.Confirm landowner permission to use the launch site if necessary.Identify suitable (downwind) direction to lay out the balloon Connect balloon components correctly and securely in accordance with the AFM.Wires not twisted, karabiners closed Check fuel cylinder contents using bleed screw, and ensure no leaks in fuel system. Ensure deflation line and launch rope are attached before cold inflation commences.If assisted by crew, check their work.Make a load calculation according to AFM.Demonstrate good airmanship.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 3 Crew and passenger briefingGround TrainingCrew and passenger briefing:AimTo learn how to present passenger and crew briefing and importance of briefing.Contentclothingcrew briefingpassenger briefingInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment1:000:30BalloonExerciseInstructor: Explain importance of briefings, checklists and proper clothing.Student: Brief crew for every training flight as if they are handling a balloon for the first time, so that the details are remembered and become a routine. Carry out briefings before starting the fan.Demonstrate what you want them to do, and make sure they have understood. Completion StandardUnderstanding the safety aspects of the briefing for passengers and crew. Understand what clothing and why correct clothing is necessary in ballooning.Brief passengers before take-off on safety procedures while in flight and landing (may be included as part of pre-take-off checks). Briefing must be audible and clear and include all minimum briefing points (refer to checklists)Brief crew on their tasks and related safety procedures to handle crown line, balloon mouth, inflation fan and balloon retrieval. Briefing must be audible and clear and include all minimum briefing points Ensure/check the briefing instructions are followed correctly.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 4 Assembly and layoutGround TrainingAssembly and layoutAimTo gain experience with managing crowd (public audience) control and rigging and preparing the balloon for flightContentcrowd controlrigging envelope, basket and burner, inflation fanburner testuse of restraint line/launch ropepre-inflation checksInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:300:15BalloonExerciseInstructor:Explain importance of correct inflation cylinder orientation, so student understands the effect on vapour and liquid feed if orientation is not correct. Show how to ‘build a basket’ with all equipment on board, checked and secure. With basket upright check fuel contents (open bleed screw to confirm liquid level), check for leaks, test all burner functions, set instruments and radios, put maps and other essential equipment on board.After attaching the envelope, check karabiners are ‘down and locked’, deflation line attached to the basket, restraint/launch rope is short (about 5 metres) and not slack. Pre-take-off checklist items should preferably be completed before cold inflation begins. Refer to the AFM, checklists and pletion StandardIdentify suitable (downwind) direction to lay out the balloon.Connect balloon components correctly and securely in accordance with the AFM – wires not twisted, karabiners closed Check fuel cylinder contents using bleed screw, and ensure no leaks in fuel system.Ensure deflation line and launch rope are attached before cold inflation commences. If assisted by crew, check their workUse of Checklists.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 5 InflationFlight TrainingInflationAimReinforcing how to manage crowd control. To learn how to cold and hot inflate the balloon.Learn safety precautions during inflation and how to prevent possible hazards during inflation.Contentcrowd controlcold inflationuse of the inflation fanhot inflation.Instructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:300:15BalloonAir ExerciseDo each crew job at times to know what is involved – delegation of tasks.Only proceed with each stage of inflation if safe. Remember a balloon is most unstable until fully inflated. It is not necessary to spread the fabric by hand before starting the fan.Once the balloon is about half-full of cold air, it is good practice to walk inside it; check all control lines (running them through your hand), pulleys and fixings, check the vent/deflation system is correctly fitted, and inspect the envelope.Warn the mouth crew before starting the burner.Wait till the envelope is well filled by the fan, as a well filled balloon requires less effort by the crown crew as it rises.Add a few bursts of heat if necessary until it is completely rounded, then switch off the fan and continue heating until the balloon stands up. If wind disturbs the burner flame during hot inflation, pause until conditions are calm enough to continue. Start hot inflation with one leg stretched backwards into the basket, and as the balloon rises bring the other leg into the basket as well – it is not acceptable to sit on the basket edge as it rises with both legs dangling outside. As soon as the basket is buoyant, get the crew to move it forward until the launch rope is tight again, then pull the vent line (to check its operation and reduce buoyancy). Usage of inflation fans and safety pletion StandardEnsure the public stay at a safe distance from basket, fan and ropes unless they have been briefed to assist. Ensure safe operation of the inflation fan Cold inflate the envelope in a safe and controlled manner. Notify all crew before starting hot inflation. Give correct, audible and precise instructions to crew throughout. Operate the burner and hot inflate the envelope in a safe and controlled manner. A pilot must remain in the basket at all times while the balloon is hot inflated.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 6 Take-off in different wind conditionsFlight TrainingTake-off in different wind conditionsAimTo learn to control the balloon at take off in different wind conditions on the ground.Contentpre take-off checks and briefingsheating for controlled climb‘hands off and hands on' procedure for ground crewassessment of liftuse of quick release on restraint line/launch ropeassessment of wind and obstaclestake-off in wind without shelter obstaclespreparation for false liftInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:450:45BalloonAir ExerciseTaking-off from sheltered and unsheltered launch sites at different surface wind speeds.Most pre-take-off checks should be simply a re-check of items that have already been completed. The process should therefore be quite quick.Allow the student to use a previously established checklist, provided it is adequate.Encourage him to use a written list if he has not memorised it.Review the balloon with the student before take-off (for example “This is a fairly porous 3200 cubic meters balloon with parachute rip and no rotation vents. It has a double burner with two liquid feed pilot lights, one quiet burner and no crossflow.”)An adequate launch rope should be strong enough to restrain the balloon. It should be fixed as required in the AFM – or if not specified in the manual, to a corner of the burner frame, or around one or two sets of basket wires at basket top heightEmphasise minimum crew to have hands on – to avoid too much weight. Their feet must remain firmly on the ground at all times, and hands rather than elbows on the basket edge. They should stay clear of the downwind side in case the basket drags. ‘Hands on’ means hold the basket down firmly.‘Hands off’ means raise hands to see if the basket is buoyant. Build up enough lift to clear obstacles and counteract any false lift.Warn crew to stand clear when releasing the rope in case it rebounds.Preparation for false lift: allow extra clear space downwind the inflation.Take off more buoyant than usual be very attentive to the flight path and buoyancy of the balloon after take-off, avoiding any distractions Continue heating as necessary until well clear of obstacles and the balloon has adjusted to the wind pletion StandardCheck condition and operation of critical equipment before flight.Passenger briefing must be completed before take-off (see Excersice No. 3 above).Checklists and briefings must be audible, clear and include all minimum checklist points.Assess ability to clear downwind obstacles in relation to wind and possible false lift.Make safe decision to take-off or abort flight consistent with current experience and ability. Ensure the balloon is attached with an adequate launch rope to a vehicle or other solid object from before cold inflation until immediately before take-off. Ensure fixings are suitable and the rope can be released easily and safely by the pilot from the basket (a quick release mechanism is preferred but not essential).Instruct the crew to hold the basket edge, using clear ‘Hands on’ and ‘Hands off’ instructions. Once pre-take-off checks are completed, and the balloon is buoyant enough to clear obstacles, release the rope in a safe and controlled manner. Demonstrate assessment of wind speed and evaluate its possible impact on balloon during inflation and take-off.Demonstrate pre take-off checks and briefings (crew, passengers).Selection of appropriate launch site in regards to wind speed and obstacles downwind.Demonstrate the ability to control the balloon at take-off in different wind conditions. Be aware of possible hazards with taking off:- from unsheltered launch site at higher wind speeds (limitations according to AFM, obstacles downwind and capabilities of student).- sheltered launch sites ( know effects and be aware of possible false lift and how to compensate it , obstacles downwind ).Use of quick release and hazards associated with the use of it.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 7 Climb to level flightFlight TrainingClimb to level flightAimTo learn how to climb at the predetermined rate of climb, having in consideration maximum envelope temp, limitations. Practicing look out techniques. How to level a balloon at selected altitudeContentclimbing with a predetermined rate of climblook-out procedureseffect on envelope temperaturemaximum rate of climb according to manufacturer’s flight manuallevelling off at selected altitudeInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:300:45BalloonAir ExerciseA climb rate of around 200 ft/min is suitable. Student should be aware of livestock and power lines downwind. Demonstrate the delayed response to the burner. A ‘touch and go’ soon after take-off can be helpful, to demonstrate that slow approaches and landings are not to be feared. Pay attention how to counteract False Lift and Clearing Obstacles (in slight ascent) previously learned.Practicing method of look out procedures. Scan/observe the flight path in flight direction (track) and also left, right of it in sections trying to observe any other aircraft, significant landmarks important for navigation and pletion StandardTake-off without undue delay in a safe and controlled manner.Be aware of the balloon’s movement in relation to nearby obstacles, and maintain adequate clearance from them. Be aware of, and take action to counteract, any potential false lift. Level out the balloon at an appropriate height.Demonstrate knowledge of effects and hazards of envelope temperature.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 8 Level flightFlight TrainingLevel flightAimTo learn to fly the balloon at a constant level with the help of instruments and without the instruments, only by visual reference or by using both methods. Learn the use and effects of parachute vent, rapid deflation system (RDS) or other deflation vents and side vents. Learn the possible hazards of rapid deflation system, if applicable.Contentmaintaining level flight by:use of instruments onlyuse of visual references onlyall available meansuse of parachute and turning vents (if applicable)Instructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:450:15BalloonAir ExerciseInstructor:The student needs to be able to recognise the balloon movement fairly accurately before he can develop any real sense of when – and how much – to burn or vent in order to achieve a desired result. Explain that it helps to look at the horizon and to look from side to side to judge vertical movement. In light wind or at height, the horizontal movement (direction of flight) is easier to judge by watching the movement of the ground relative to the bottom edge of the basket. Level the balloon out at cca. 300-500 ft AGL and demonstrate the effects of different duration and frequency of burn. If a large, open paddock, free of livestock and power lines is available, practice the exercise closer to the ground. It is easier to learn to judge the movement and to achieve fine control at low level, and it will not matter if there are a few unintentional ground contacts. Demonstrate a faster than normal climb out and then slow the climb by using the vent. Show how easy it is when climbing to arrest the climb or commence a descent. Demonstrate how to maintain a prolonged climb for say 1500-2000 ft.After a period of level flight at altitude, initiate a descent - first by letting the balloon cool, then another time by using the vent, to observe the difference.Demonstrate how to slow or arrest a descent by use of the burner. Demonstrate use of double burner (if available) for quicker response, being careful not to pletion StandardClimb to a requested altitude which is at least 300ft AGLAchieve and maintain straight and level flight, within: Height ± 100 ft for at least 2 min.Recall the maximum rates of climb and descent, the maximum envelope temperature for the balloon being flown, and any limitations on use of the vent. Comply with these during the exercise.Use the burner to increase rate of climb or reduce rate of descent Use the vent to increase rate of descent or reduce rate of climb.Achieve and maintain a requested rate of climb or descent (within about 20%).Carry out this exercise in a safe and controlled manner.Correct usage of venting system (Parachute, RDS, side vent, if applicable).Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 9 Descent to level flight and/or LandingFlight TrainingDescent to level flight and/or LandingAimTo learn how to descent at the predetermined rate of descent, fast descend, maximum rate of descend/cold descend having in consideration maximum descent rate, AFM limitations. How to recover a parachute stall.Look-out procedures.How to level a balloon at selected altitude. Safety consideration: Practicing recovery from parachute stall, should be performed, due to safety reasons, on the ground.Contentdescent with a predetermined rate fast descentlook-out proceduresmaximum rate of descent according to manufacturer’s flight manualuse of parachuteparachute stallcold descentlevelling off at selected altitudeInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:450:15BalloonAir ExerciseInstructor: Refer to emergencies in the AFM for powerline recognition. Maintain powerline watch whenever descending to or flying at low level. Get the student to control descent rate and approach angle first, the precise landing point comes later. Initially practice this exercise in slow wind conditions. If wind above is faster than on the surface, explain that a low level approach will reduce the balloon speed and make a landing safer and easier.Set up a straight and level approach at about 100 ft AGL. Check that the back-up burner system is working and that you have a reserve of fuel.Explain the exercise is to make a landing approach, then avoid ground contact and climb away when requested. Make an approach as if intending to land, then at some point burn out to initiate a climb. If conditions allow, repeat the exercise several times. This exercise is very helpful in demonstrating the inertia of the balloon, both horizontally and vertically. It also demonstrates how much reheating of the balloon is required after a descent, to clear objects in the overshoot area. Try to avoid overburning when clearing obstacles, so that another landing can be attempted soon after the overshoot. Practicing recovery from parachute stall, it should be performed, due to safety reasons, on the ground. Completion StandardSelect a suitable intended landing field, and explain the choice. Perform minimum pre-landing checks (see AFM notes – Checklists).Identify powerlines and other obstacles and maintain safe clearance throughout.Make a controlled landing approach without undue delay.When requested to overshoot, level out without making ground contact and climb promptly in a safe and controlled manner.Knowing of hazard of parachute stall, recover from it and know how to prevent it.Display basic airmanship.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 10 Emergencies – systemsFlight TrainingEmergencies – systemsAimThese situations are to be simulated where they cannot be put into practice safely. The student should demonstrate his reactions as far as possible, rather than simply talk through what he would do. To achieve the competent standard, the student must show he can respond to each emergency promptly and confidently. Contentpilot light failureburner failure, valve leaks, flame out and re-lightgas leaksenvelope over temperatureenvelope damage in-flightparachute or rapid deflation system failureairmanshipInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:450:15BalloonAir ExerciseInstructor:Instructor explains to the student that relevant information regarding emergency procedures are in AFM of the balloon they are flying. Balloons can have slightly different procedures depending on the manufacturer, mode and envelope capacity. That’s why student have to follow emergency procedures mentioned in AFM of the balloon they are flying.Some of the procedures student can practice according to below mentioned standards if they are not in collision with AFM.Pilot light failure and fuel supply problemsDemonstrate and practice in detail on the ground, by actually turning off pilot lights or valves or disconnecting fuel feed. The student should then be able to demonstrate reactions in theory during flight. Optional – turn pilot lights out or fuel off while flying. This should not be done without warning the student or without adequate safety precautions including checking a spare ignition source beforehand. Considerations of landing in difficult conditions: trees, water, confined spaceOptional – settle the basket in the top of a strong tree in calm conditions or make a gentle ‘splash and dash’ on water surface in light wind (consider SERA restrictions and natural protected areas).Emergency landing procedures and briefing for passengersAn acceptable minimum procedure for low level emergency landing (powerline emergency) is: - Avoid powerlines if possible- Pull the deflation line and brace for landing - At the same time loudly and clearly warn passengers to ‘GET INTO LANDING POSITION AND HOLD ON’.- Other actions including pilot lights out, make gas safe, and advise passengers to ‘KEEP HOLDING ON AND STAY IN THE BASKET’ should follow after landing if there is not time before to do them beforehand. Completion StandardImportant!Successfully demonstrating and completing ALL emergency procedures according to balloon AFM. Important is also the correct sequence of execution!!Some emergencies cases can be conducted just verbally.Pilot light failure and fuel supply problemsDemonstrate appropriate procedures for locating possible causes of pilot light failure and rectifying them where possible.Demonstrate how to create an emergency pilot light using a main burner, also by using a quiet burner if available.Demonstrate appropriate procedures for locating possible causes of fuel supply problems, and rectifying them where possible, including relocating fuel hoses or cylinders to ensure fuel supply. Considerations of landing in difficult conditions: trees, water, confined spaceDemonstrate knowledge of appropriate procedures and considerations for landing in trees, water or confined space.Emergency landing procedures and briefing for passengersDemonstrate knowledge of emergency landing procedures.Give an appropriate passenger briefing for an emergency landing.Initiate a fast descent from altitude as if for an emergency landing, but do not make ground contact. Considerations of fuel leaks and fire in air and on ground. Demonstrate knowledge of appropriate procedures in the event of a fuel leak or fire in the air or on the ground.Student have to practice ALL emergency procedures mentioned in the AFM of the balloon they are flying till completion standard is achieved.Display basic airmanship throughout the exercise.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 11 Other emergenciesFlight TrainingOther emergenciesAimTo learn and practice emergency procedures according to AFM and demonstrate good airmanship.Contentfire extinguisherfire on groundfire in the aircontact with electrical power linesobstacle avoidanceescape drills, location and use of emergency equipmentairmanshipInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:450:15BalloonAir ExerciseInstructor:Instructor explains to the student that relevant information regarding emergency procedures are in AFM of the balloon they are flying. Balloons can have slightly different procedures depending on the manufacturer, mode and envelope capacity. That’s why student have to follow emergency procedures mentioned in AFM of the balloon they are flying.Some emergencies cases can be conducted just verbally.Some of the procedures student can practice according to below mentioned standards if they are not in collision with AFM.Power lines, use of handling lineUsing a handling line should be experienced in calm or light wind, before take-off or before the balloon is deflated after landing. Get the student to successfully direct the crew to pull the balloon over a fence or other obstacle (can be simulated in the middle of an open paddock or meadow). A handling line should only be used at a safe distance from powerlines. Check it is attached before using it (usually to an internal rope handle)!Considerations of fuel leaks and fire in air and on groundSimulate only! Make sure the student locates the fire extinguisher, takes it in his hand, and knows how to use pletion StandardSuccessfully demonstrating and completing emergency procedures according to balloon AFM. Important is the correct sequence of execution.Power lines, use of handling lineCarry out appropriate procedures for making a safe and prompt emergency landing when it is not certain that the balloon will safely clear a powerline.Demonstrate knowledge of safety procedures in the event that a balloon is in contact with a powerline.Carry out appropriate procedures for using a handling line to move a balloon in a safe and controlled manner. Considerations of fuel leaks and fire in air and on ground. Demonstrate knowledge of appropriate procedures in the event of a fuel leak or fire in the air or on the ground.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 12 NavigationFlight TrainingNavigationAimTo practice using appropriate maps charts for planning the flight. Preflight plotting of expected flight path on the map in regards to weather conditions , air space restrictions, available fuel (with at least 45 min reserve), planned flight duration and planned landing site.During flight plotting actual position and time on the map. Calculating remaining flight time in regards to actual fuel consumption taking into account 45 min fuel munication with ground crew. Getting additional wind information if needed and informing them of flight intentions. Communication with ATC or other air traffic. Practicing blind transmitting.Use of GNSS if available.Contentmaps selectionplotting expected trackmarking positions and timecalculation of distance, speed and fuel consumptionceiling limitations (ATC, weather and envelope temperature)planning aheadmonitoring of weather development and acting somonitoring of fuel consumption and envelope temperatureATC liaison (if applicable)communication with ground crewuse of GNSS (if available)Instructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:450:15BalloonAir ExerciseInstructor:Explain to student that good preparation of flight is of vital importance for well executed flight. Preparation shall begin a day before the flight, studying weather prognosis (winds on ground and aloft) and weather patterns that are typical for area overflown (for example south westerly wind at morning and at evening, depending on season, over central part of Slovenia). Proper meteorological preparation will also reduce workload in basket.Further studying map is of great importance for planning the flight. Studying and understanding maps, getting familiar with and visualizing landing sites, taking into account expected metrological conditions, will enable student to properly complete the flight. Two types of maps are normally used sectional aeronautical charts and local topographical. Sectional aeronautical charts are similar to an automobile road map, and provide useful information to a balloon pilot flying under visual flight rules (VFR). However, local area maps showing prohibited zones and sensitive areas are normally most proper for balloon flights. These charts (commonly referred to as terminal area charts) show a significantly increased level of detail, and, if available, may be of more value than a standard sectional.Student should mark on the map landmarks, powerlines and plot expect track, considering meteorological situation.Further, student shall make performance calculations, referring to AFM of balloon, considering expected ceiling (max altitude), temperature, humidity and load calculation, including max permissible envelope temperature.Navigation of a balloon is unlike that of any other aircraft because it cannot be steered in the conventional sense. Directional control is achieved through the use of differing wind directions at different altitudes. Therefore visual recognition of the balloon’s movement is the basis of all control. Until the student can see how the balloon movement is changing, he/she cannot recognise when control inputs are required or recognise the result of the inputs. This judgement is easier to learn in low level flight, and is gradually extended to higher levels. Encourage the student to look at the horizon and look around to increase visual clues. Horizontal speed and direction is easier to judge at higher levels by watching the ground move relative to the bottom edge of the basket. Cover the instruments at times so the student gets confidence in his own judgement. Instruments should be used to confirm and assist visual recognition, not as a sole guide. There is a slight time lag in instrument response; human judgement is often sharper. Check the student can set altimeter to QNH and is thoroughly familiar with maps and charts. A good practice is to plot your position and track on the map with a pencil every 10 minutes or so.Executing flight according to plan with plotting actual flight path, fuel consumption, calculating remaining duration with prescribed minimum reserve during flight (non-commercial operations rules). If need readjusting the flight plan due to change in weather conditions. Navigation exercise shall be then divided to following elements:Flight planningWeather forecast and actual - map selection and preparation – plotting expected track - controlled airspace - danger, prohibited and restricted areas - safety altitudesCalculationsExpected airborne time - fuel consumption – load calculation – performance calculationFlight informationNOTAMS etc. - radio frequencies - balloon documentationNotification of the flightpre-flight administrative procedures - flight plan formMeteo-onsite verification and decision of choosing launch fieldUse of latest meteorological conditions – pibal – mental calculation – choosing of launch fieldTake-off and en-routeOrganisation of workload - altimeter settings - ATC liaison in controlled/regulated airspace – plotting and marking position - maintenance of altitude – changing of altitude - fuel management - log keeping – ground crew communication - use of GNSS - minimum weather conditions for continuation of flight - in-flight decisions – planning ahead - transiting controlled/regulated airspace - diversion procedures Landing preparationATC liaison in controlled/regulated airspace - altimeter setting – pre-landing checks – avoiding powerlines – sheltered and unsheltered landing sites – ground crew communication – landowner relationsCompletion StandardOrient the flying map and chart, and at all times be able to indicate on each the current position and projected flight path of the balloon. (Chart need not be used provided relevant information from the chart is provided on the map.) Recognize on both map and chart any features which are relevant to the flight and any landmarks which are visible during flight. (Chart need not be used provided relevant information from the chart is provided on the map.) Estimate wind speed and direction since take-off or last fix, and indicate with reasonable accuracy the projected position of the balloon in a given time (cca. 40 minutes ahead).Recognise relevant airspace boundaries and remain within permitted airspace at all times. Understand the function of required instruments (altimeter, variometer, ambient temperature gauge).Set the instruments, confirm they are operating, and take readings from them Identify the horizontal and vertical movement of the balloon without instruments, accurately enough to maintain safe and controlled flight. Maintain adequate control of the balloon during this exercise.Demonstrate the ability to manoeuvre the balloon in the planned flight path or be able to readjust if needed in a way to bring balloon to a safe landing.Ability to communicate in an efficient aeronautical phraseology with ATC or other air traffic and ground crew. Display basic airmanship.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 13 Fuel managementFlight TrainingFuel managementAimTo teach different burner systems, correct orientation of tank valves during inflation, sequence of usage of cylinders during flight, how to calculate fuel consumption, importance of fuel pressure, correct reading of content gauges, mandatory fuel reserve and how to use fuel manifolds, bleeding of fuel system when and why and after flight.Contentcylinder arrangement and burner systemspilot light supply (vapour or liquid)use of master cylinders (if applicable)fuel requirement and expected fuel consumptionfuel state and pressurefuel reservescylinder contents gauge and change procedureuse of cylinder manifoldsInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:450:20BalloonAir ExerciseInstructor: Ensure student is familiar with the burner and cylinder controls, recognises fuel contents and fuel pressure, and can estimate remaining fuel and flight duration, so that landing is achieved with a fixed fuel reserve intact (20 litres is suitable or 10%). If it may become necessary to use some of this reserve, warn the crew and take any other appropriate action to ensure a safe landing with some fuel still available. The student should recognise that the last 5% or so in a cylinder is at much lower pressure, so burner response is much less effective. When changing fuel cylinders, have the balloon well clear of obstacles, preferably climbing slightly, and check that the burner is operating on another cylinder, so that control can be maintained during the changeover. Calculating of fuel consumption. Sequence of usage of cylinders. Controlling of content gauges. Change procedure of cylinders during pletion StandardMaintain awareness of which burner and cylinder are in use and the remaining fuel available.Arrange fuel use so that a second cylinder (and burner if present) is ready to use at all times.Establish a safe fixed fuel reserve and land with this intact.Change the fuel cylinder in use safely and promptly. Fuel lines must be emptied before being disconnected. Maintain adequate control of the balloon during this exerciseDisplaying correct calculation of fuel consumption, orientation of fuel cylinders during inflation, changing procedure of fuel cylinders during flight and bleeding of them after flight.Display basic airmanship.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 14 Approach from low level, awareness of powerlinesFlight TrainingApproach from low level, awareness of powerlinesAimTo learn how to perform pre-landing checks, briefing of passengers. Selecting appropriate landing field for safe landing regarding legal limitations, PZ, protected areas, size of the field based on wind speed, obstacles and access for the crew. To learn how to use burner, side vents and parachute vent or RDS for and at landing. Procedure at missed approach and fly on.Contentpre-landing checkspassenger pre-landing briefingselection of fielduse of burner and parachutelook-out proceduresmissed approach and fly onInstructor briefingDUAL flight sessionSOLO flight sessionInstructor debriefingEquipment0:301:00-0:45Air ExerciseRefer to emergencies in the AFM section of manual for powerline recognition and procedure.Maintain powerline watch whenever descending to or flying at low level. Get the student to control descent rate and approach angle first, the precise landing point comes later. Initially practice this exercise in slow wind conditions. If wind above is faster than on the surface, explain that a low level approach will reduce the balloon speed and make a landing safer and easier. Set up a straight and level approach at about 100 ft AGL.Check that the back-up burner system is working and that you have a reserve of fuel.Explain the exercise is to make a landing approach, then avoid ground contact and climb away when requested.Make an approach as if intending to land, then at some point burn out to initiate a climb. If conditions allow, repeat the exercise several times. This exercise is very helpful in demonstrating the inertia of the balloon, both horizontally and vertically. It also demonstrates how much reheating of the balloon is required after a descent, to clear objects in the overshoot area. Try to avoid overburning when clearing obstacles, so that another landing can be attempted soon after the overshootPrelanding check during flight: passenger briefing regarding landing position and staying in the basket and check that all gear is stowed, check functionality of all burners and pilot lights. Select a suitable intended landing field, and explain the choice, in regards to applicable rules: populated areas , protected areas, SZ, PZ , powerlines and live stock. Appropriate size of the field in regards to wind speed, obstacles downwind and possible wind curls Perform missed approach procedure and fly pletion StandardPerform minimum pre-landing checks (see AFM – Checklists).Identify powerlines and other obstacles and maintain safe clearance throughout Make a controlled landing approach without undue delay.When requested to overshoot, level out without making ground contact and climb promptly in a safe and controlled manner.Pilot lights and burner must be off before ground contact and may be relit once the balloon is stationary and upright. Achieve a safe and controlled landing to a complete stop in a suitable area, keeping the balloon inflated. Or, if ground wind does not allow a complete stop, make controlled ground contact and continue flying.Control the balloon during final approach to give a low vertical speed on touchdown. Display basic airmanship.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 15 Approach from high level, intermediate landing, final landingFlight TrainingApproach from high level, intermediate landing, final landing AimTo learn how to perform a safe approach to landing from high level. To learn specifics of high level approach and possible hazards associated with such landings.To learn how to perform pre-landing checks, briefing of passengers. Selecting appropriate landing field for safe landing regarding legal limitations, PZs, protected areas, size of the field based on wind speed, obstacles and access for the crew. To learn how to use burner, side vents and parachute vent or rapid deflation system (RDS) for and at landing. Procedure at missed approach and fly on.Contentpre-landing checkspassenger pre-landing briefingselection of fieldrate of descentuse of burner and parachutelook-out proceduresmissed approach and fly onInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:300:20BalloonAir ExerciseHigh level approach:Perform fast descent and leveling up at certain low altitude.Performing all pre-landing checks. Select appropriate landing field in regards to applicable rules, PZ, protected areas and no live stock. Appropriate size of the field in regards to wind speed, obstacles downwind and possible wind curls, shears. Check functionality of all burners, pilot lights and fuel contents in cylinders. If needed change the burner connection to full fuel cylinder. Look out procedure for aircraft in vicinity. Perform safe missed approach procedure and fly on. Acknowledge possible hazards while in fast descent: turbulence, wind shear, inertia of the balloon, change of wind direction during descend.Intermediate landing:Approach procedure should be as for overshoot above. However this time full pre-landing checks must be done. Have plenty of room as unintentionally hard landings may be experienced initially. Be aware of students fear of "ground rush" and tendency to overburn.Before ground contact check all on board are holding on appropriately (instructor and student included!), and loose gear stowed. Explain not to burn during ground contact as burner control may be inadequate. After contact check direction of burner before burning again. Use the vent just enough to make the basket ‘stick’ with minimal deflation. If a full stop is not possible explain a ‘pendulum’ swing is normal after contact and can be disorienting. Refer to Checklists and Landings in the AFM. In light wind an intermediate landing should be completed, and the basket well grounded. Pull the crown line firmly away to ensure the envelope does not contact the burner during deflation. Final landing:If the balloon has a Smart Vent or velcro rip for example, this may be used for full deflation. The appropriate line should be decided in advance and ready to hand. Maintain hold on rip line till balloon is well deflated. Before anyone leaves the basket the balloon should have lost enough buoyancy to ensure it remains grounded and the basket will not drag further. Display basic pletion StandardHigh level approach:Choose suitable landing field, and explain choice.Pre-landing checks should be carried out well before landing to ensure safety. Identify powerlines and other obstacles and maintain safe clearance throughout Pilot lights and burner must be off before ground contact and may be relit once the balloon is stationary and upright. Achieve a safe and controlled landing to a complete stop in a suitable area, keeping the balloon inflated. (Or, if ground wind does not allow a complete stop, make controlled ground contact and continue flying.) Control the balloon during final approach to give a low vertical speed on touchdown. Intermediate Landing:Perform full prelanding checks and same procedures as for High level approach.Final landing:As for intermediate landing, followed by complete deflation of the envelope. Deflation may occur some time after landing if wind conditions allow. Deflation must be safe and controlled, avoiding obstacles and without the envelope deflating onto the burner. Advise passengers when it is safe to leave the basket. Soon after landing turn off all gas, vent gas lines, and turn off instruments.Before performing above mentioned landings check functionality of all burners, pilot lights and fuel contents in cylinders. If needed change the burner connection to full fuel cylinder to full cylinders. Look out procedure for aircraft in vicinity.Display basic airmanshipSelf briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 16 Operating at low levelFlight TrainingOperating at low levelAimTo learn how to operate a balloon at low level and possible hazards associated with low level flights (consider implementing SERA 5005(f) rule).Contentuse of burner, whisper burner and parachutelook-out proceduresavoidance of low level obstaclesavoidance of protection areaslandowner relationsInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:300:20BalloonAir ExerciseVisual recognition of the balloon’s movement is the basis of all control. Until the student can see how the balloon movement is changing, he cannot recognise when control inputs are required or recognise the result of the inputs. This judgement is easier to learn in low level flight, and is gradually extended to higher levels.Use of whisper burner and getting used to less power than from the main burner (noise abatement procedure, use of the whisper burner). Then demonstrate the student the use of parachute when operating at low level. Emphasize the hazards of using parachute should be emphasized (over controlling).Acknowledging and recognizing low level obstacles, powerlines and protected areas. Encourage the student to look at the horizon and look around to increase visual clues. Horizontal speed and direction is easier to judge at higher levels by watching the ground move relative to the bottom edge of the basket. Cover the instruments at times so the student gets confidence in his own judgement. Instruments should be used to confirm and assist visual recognition, not as a sole guide. There is a slight time lag in instrument response; human judgement is often sharper. Check the student can set altimeter to QNH and is thoroughly familiar with maps and charts.Maintaining to fly above minimum altitudes specified in SERA 5005(f).Practice good landowner communication and relationship, obtaining the permission to retrieve the balloon from the field if farmer is reasonably reachable. Display good pletion StandardDemonstrate the ability to recognize and avoid low level obstacles, powerlines and protected areas. Maintain flight above minimum altitudes specified in SERA 5005(f).Obtaining the permission to retrieve the balloon from the field if farmer is reasonably reachable. Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 17 Landing in different wind conditionsFlight TrainingLanding in different wind conditionsAimTo learn how to land in different wind conditions and procedures associated with such landings.Contentpre-landing checkspassenger pre-landing briefingselection of fieldturbulences (in the case of landings with high wind speed only)use of burner and pilot lightsuse of parachute and turning vents (if applicable)look-out proceduresdragging and deflationlandowner relationsairmanshipInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:300:20BalloonAir ExerciseBefore starting to land perform all pre-landing checks. Brief passengers for hard landing position if high wind landing is expected. If you have turning vents use them to orient the basket on the long edge. If turbulence is expected, the controllability of balloon is harder to achieve so expect to perform a harder touch down.Look out procedure for aircraft in vicinity. Select appropriate landing field in regards to applicable rules, PZ, protected areas and no live stock. Appropriate size of the field in regards to wind speed, obstacles downwind and possible wind curls, shears. Check functionality of all burners, pilot lights and fuel contents in cylinders. If needed change the burner connection to full fuel cylinder. Expect significant balloon basket dragging on the ground and tipping basket on its side on landing. Just before touch down shut off pilot lightsCompletion StandardPerform all pre-landing checks before landing. Brief passengers for hard landing position if high wind landing is expected. Look out procedure for aircraft in vicinity. Select appropriate landing field in regards to applicable rules, PZ, protected areas and no live stock. Appropriate size of the field in regards to wind speed, obstacles downwind and possible wind curls, shears. Check functionality of all burners, pilot lights and fuel contents in cylinders. If needed, change the burner connection to full fuel cylinder. Correct estimate of balloon basket drag on the ground and tipping basket on its side on landing. Performing, just before touch down, shut off pilot lights.Obtaining the permission to retrieve the balloon from the field if farmer is reasonably reachable. Display basic airmanship.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 18 Flight to 4000 ft AGLFlight TrainingFlight to 4000 ft AGLAimThis exercise is intended to build confidence in climbing quickly and steadily, and flying at altitudeContentair space structureflight planningcommunication with ATCInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment1:000:30BalloonAir ExerciseInstructor:Consider warm clothing if extended flight at altitude is planned, as temperature may be 8–10 degrees cooler. Ask the student to report aloud any changes observed during the climb, such as wind speed and direction, visibility and balloon performance. Fast climb rate causes airflow down the envelope; this should not be confused with horizontal wind shear, which may also be present at times. Note that vertical movement at altitude is generally easier to judge by instruments than by eye.Flight planning is essential and should include: - load chart (load calculation for the given conditions and expected ceiling, allowing for a possible upper inversion).- maps and charts (expected track for the forecast upper winds, consideration of airspace, obtain airways clearance if required, downwind obstacles and suitability of projected landing areas)- suitable weather conditions for the estimated flight duration.- fuel availability including safe fuel reserve for the estimated flight duration, and - carrying a VHF radio and transponder if flight will be in controlled pletion StandardClimb to 4000 ft AGL and establish horizontal flight.Perform proper flight planning (meteo, maps selection, plotting etc.).Fuel management.Decision manding balloon and navigating at high altitude.Spatial orientation.Operating transponderCommunication with ATC and ground crew.Display good airmanship.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 19 Experience cold descentFlight TrainingExperience cold descent (cold descent from high altitude)AimTo build confidence in making a controlled fast descent.This exercise is often done straight after or during exercise 18 (Flight to 40000 ft)Contentair space structureflight planningCommunication with ATCInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment1:000:30BalloonAir ExerciseIt is intended to build confidence in making a controlled fast descent. It also shows what to expect should a burner fail at altitude, and what vertical distance is needed for recovery. It is important for the instructor to be confident and to put the student at ease. Instructor:Refer to cold descent in the AFM. Before descending check burners are working well, adequate fuel is available, and the pilot light pressure is enough to resist a moderate wind. Check the intended descent area is suitable, eg. with respect to built up areas and SZ’s. Ask the student to observe and report what happens as the balloon descends, including changes in the descent rate. Similar changes are likely during descent as were noted during the climb. Be aware surface wind conditions may have changed. Heat should be maintained if the mouth starts to narrow noticeably, though this is uncommon. Vertical airflow past the balloon while descending may be more noticeable than when climbing, and ears may ‘pop’. The balloon may start to ‘corkscrew’ (rotate and swing around its vertical axis). Always arrest the descent with a good safety margin in hand (500ft).A useful rule of thumb is to halve the descent rate, and allow that vertical distance in feet for the levelling out process. In practice this is typically achieved with one long burn (10 secs or so) followed by a short pause to observe the effect of this, and then one more measured burn. A 5 second double burn initially is even more effective. Note the altitude when starting the first burn, then again at 400 fpm (2 m/s) and then again when level – the response is usually noticeably quick and reassuring. Completion StandardClimb to at least 4000 ft AGL and level out.Without venting, allow descent rate to increase.Do not exceed the permitted maximum rate of descent.Use burner if necessary to maintain control or keep the balloon safely inflated.Regain level flight at or above a selected safe height.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 20 First soloFlight TrainingFirst soloAimTo fly balloon as planned and carry out a normal approach and landing.Contentsupervised flight preparation; instructor’s briefing, observation of flight and de-briefingInstructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment1:000:30BalloonAir ExerciseInstructor supervises student’s planning of the flight, preparation of the balloon, briefings, flight and landing.Note: The instructor observes the flight from ground following the balloon and is in radio contact with the student at all pletion StandardSafe landing.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Exercise No. 21 Tethered instruction flightFlight TrainingTethered instruction flightAimThe aim of the flight instruction is to qualify LAPL(B) or BPL holders to perform tethered flightsTo learn specifics of tethered flight and learn how to safely conduct tethered flights including crowd control. Demonstrate good airmanshipContentground preparations; weather suitability; tether points: - upwind - downwindtether ropes (three point system); maximum all-up-weight limitation; crowd control; pre take-off checks and briefings; heating for controlled lift off; ‘hands off and hands on’ procedure for ground crew; assessment of lift; assessment of wind and obstacles; take-off and controlled climb (at least up to 60 ft – 20m)Instructor briefingInstructor debriefingEquipment0:450:15BalloonAir ExerciseTake care to avoid excessive strain on any part of the balloon or tether system. If the AFM does not give instructions, the following points are recommended.Use a minimum of three ropes, laid out at equal angles when looked at from above, and tied off securely to heavy vehicles or other solid objects. If the wind direction is steady, two ropes can remain taut upwind and any slack in the downwind rope can be taken up by experienced crew members.Ropes should be synthetic fibre, in good condition, of a kind which does not degrade quickly in sunlight, and each with a breaking strain about equal to the total mass of the balloon including the enclosed air (for example 3 x 3 tonne ropes for an 2400 cubic meters envelope balloon capacity are recommended). Nylon is excellent but more stretchy. Polypropylene is satisfactory, less stretchy and less expensive. Climbing rope is better avoided as it is braided rather than laid (twisted) which makes it difficult to tell when the central fibres break down and the rope weakens. Braided kevlar rope is stronger and has been used successfullyRopes with knots or damage in them should not be used – the simplest overhand knot reduces rope strength by up to 50%. The ends are best fitted with eyelets or secured with a bowline knot, avoiding sharp metal edges. Each rope should be at least as long as the balloon is high, so the balloon can be deflated safely in any direction if necessary.Crew members should wear gloves and be experienced at tethering. Other people should be kept well clear of the ropes and away from where the basket may land. If there is any wind over the balloon the pilot should make allowance for false lift, in order to avoid any unexpected lift-off or hard landing. Completion StandardUnderstanding the specifics of tethered flights. Successfully demonstrating and completing tethered flight using proper techniques and AFM limitations. Before starting the inflation manage crowd control. Display basic airmanship.Self briefingStudent:Instructor:Appendix 2: Progress testsProgress Test 1: Basic flying skillsFlight detailsCandidate’s Name:Instructor’s NameDate of Flight:Block OFF:Block ON:Aircraft type:Aircraft registration:Elements to verify① below standard / ③ standard / ⑤ above standard1Familiarisation with the balloon①②③④⑤2Preparation for flight, Crew and passenger briefing①②③④⑤3Assembly and layout, Inflation①②③④⑤4Take-off in different wind conditions①②③④⑤5Climb to level flight, level flight①②③④⑤6Descent to level flight①②③④⑤7Emergencies ①②③④⑤8Approach from low level①②③④⑤9Approach from high level①②③④⑤10Decision making (before and in-flight)①②③④⑤11Airmanship①②③④⑤12*①②③④⑤13*①②③④⑤14*①②③④⑤Overall mark: I, signed below instructor:? recommend candidate for advance training exercises.? recommend further training.Remarks:Grading and performance criteriaCandidate shall attain at least 3+ overall mark for positive recommendation for advance training exercises. If overall grade is below mark 3, additional training is required to achieve required level of proficiency. Assessment of candidate should be made as objective test. If certain elements are below standard, additional training session should be oriented on that element, as required. Non-technical skills (airmanship) should also be assessed.It is of responsibility of instructor to assess the candidate by means of honesty and objectivity.*Additional space is reserved for assessing of skills upon discretion of instructor.Instructor’s signatureCandidate’s signature:Progress Test 2: Before first soloFlight detailsCandidate’s Name:Instructor’s NameDate of Flight:Block OFF:Block ON:Aircraft type:Aircraft registration:Elements to verify① below standard / ③ standard / ⑤ above standard1Preparation for flight, Crew and passenger briefing①②③④⑤2Assembly and layout, Inflation①②③④⑤3Take-off in different wind conditions①②③④⑤4Climb to level flight, Level flight①②③④⑤5Descent to level flight①②③④⑤6Emergencies – all①②③④⑤7Navigation①②③④⑤8Fuel management①②③④⑤9Approach from low level,①②③④⑤10Operating at low level①②③④⑤11Landing in different wind conditions①②③④⑤12Decision making (before and in-flight)①②③④⑤13Airmanship①②③④⑤14*①②③④⑤15*①②③④⑤16*①②③④⑤Overall mark: I, signed below instructor:? recommend candidate for solo navigation flight.? recommend further training.Remarks:Grading and performance criteriaCandidate shall attain at least 3+ overall mark for positive recommendation for solo flight. If overall grade is below mark 3, additional training is required to achieve required level of proficiency. Assessment of candidate should be made as objective test. If certain elements are below standard, additional training session should be oriented on that element, as required. Non-technical skills (airmanship) should also be assessed.It is of responsibility of instructor to assess the candidate by means of honesty and objectivity.*Additional space is reserved for assessing of skills upon discretion of instructor.Instructor’s signatureCandidate’s signature:Progress Test 2: Before skill testFlight detailsCandidate’s Name:Instructor’s NameDate of Flight:Block OFF:Block ON:Aircraft type:Aircraft registration:Elements to verify① below standard / ③ standard / ⑤ above standard1Pre-flight documentation, flight planning, NOTAM and weather briefing①②③④⑤2Balloon inspection and servicing①②③④⑤3Load calculation ①②③④⑤4Crowd control, crew and passenger briefings ①②③④⑤5Assembly and layout ①②③④⑤6Inflation and pre-take-off procedures ①②③④⑤7Take-off ①②③④⑤8Climb to level flight ①②③④⑤9Level flight ①②③④⑤10Descent to level flight ①②③④⑤11Operating at low level ①②③④⑤12Dead reckoning and map reading ①②③④⑤13Marking positions and time①②③④⑤14Orientation and airspace structure①②③④⑤15Maintenance of altitude①②③④⑤16Communication with retrieve crew①②③④⑤17Approach from low level, missed approach and fly on①②③④⑤18Pre-landing checks①②③④⑤19Passenger pre-landing briefing①②③④⑤20Selection of landing field①②③④⑤21Landing, dragging and deflation①②③④⑤22Actions after flight①②③④⑤23Simulated closed appendix during take-off and climb①②③④⑤24Simulated parachute or valve failure①②③④⑤25Other abnormal and emergency procedures as outlined in the appropriate flight manual①②③④⑤26Oral questions①②③④⑤27Decision making (before and in-flight)①②③④⑤28Airmanship①②③④⑤29ATC compliance, ground crew communication (if applicable) (during all stages of flight)①②③④⑤ Overall markI, signed below instructor:? recommend candidate for BPL skill test flight.? recommend further training.Remarks:Grading and performance criteriaCandidate shall attain at least 3+ overall mark for positive recommendation for BPL skill test. If overall grade is below mark 3, additional training is required to achieve required level of proficiency. Assessment of candidate should be made as objective test. If certain elements are below standard, additional training session should be oriented on that element, as required. Non-technical skills should also be assessed.It is of responsibility of instructor to assess the candidate by means of honesty and objectivity.Instructor’s signatureCandidate’s signature: ................
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