In this chapter, you will distinguish between types of ...



Name________________ Score____/40

THE SKELETAL SYSTEM - Review Period ____ Date _________

In this chapter, you will distinguish between types of bones, see what is inside bones, describe bone composition and growth, identify the 206 bones of the skeleton and study types of joints and their movements. Set the scope of your study by reading the chapter outline and learning objectives in your textbook.

Suggestion – Make your own vocabulary list as you read each section of the chapter. It will help keep your attention. Additionally, write out the answers to the questions accompanying the artwork and those in the boxes at the end of sections of text. Writing the answers will help you recall them much more effectively than just “thinking” the answer. Check your answers. Remember, just moving your eyes over the words is not the kind of “reading” that makes for true learning.

CONTENT MASTERY

BONE STRUCTURE. Read this section in your text. Match each of the terms with the correct definition or statement. Write the word in the blank. Pay attention to spelling. A term may be used more than once or not at all.

_______________________1. The femur, for example articular cartilage

compact bone

_______________________2. The sternum, for example diaphysis

endosteum

_______________________3. The vertebrae, for example epiphysis

flat bone

_______________________4. The carpal bones, for example irregular bone

joint

_______________________5. The long central shaft of a bone lamellae

long bone

_______________________6. Thin layer of cartilage on the articulating medullary cavity

surfaces of bone osteoblast

_______________________7. Another word for articulation osteoclast

osteocyte

_______________________8. Extreme ends of bone osteon

central (osteonic) canals

_______________________9. Connective tissue on the diaphysis periosteum

red marrow

_______________________10. Type of densely packed bone tissue short bone

found primarily in the diaphysis spongy bone

_______________________11. Type of loosely packed bone tissue perforating canals

found primarily in the epiphyses yellow marrow

_______________________12. Location of yellow marrow in a long bone

_______________________13. The youthful stage in the life of a bone cell

_______________________14. Mature bone cells

_______________________15. Wandering bone cells which dissolve materials

_______________________16. Bone cell that produces matrix but is not

trapped by it

_______________________17. Bone cell trapped in a lacuna surrounded by

solidified matrix

_______________________18. Functional unit composed of osteonic (central) canal,

lamellae, osteocytes and canaliculi

_______________________19. Canals in the bone matrix through which

blood vessels of the osteons interconnect

_______________________20. Site of hematopoiesis

NEW SECTION, NEW WORDS (Same rules – a term may be used more than once or not at all).

_______________________21. Cartilage-producing cells appositional growth

articular cartilage

_______________________22. Hyaline cartilage producers center of diaphysis

chondroblasts

_______________________23. Location of primary ossification center epiphyseal line

epiphyseal plate

_______________________24. Location of secondary ossification center epiphysis

interstitial growth

_______________________25. Epiphysis-to-diaphysis cartilage osteoclasts

osteoblasts

_______________________26. At end of epiphysis, where joint forms

_______________________27. Lengthwise expansion of endochondral bone

_______________________28. Where the femur, for example, grows longer

_______________________29. Line of ossification between epiphysis and diaphysis

_______________________30. Femur’s growth in width

_______________________31. Cells responsible for enlargement of medullary cavity by destruction of

surrounding bone

True/False. Mark the following statements as “true” or “false.” Rewrite each italicized false statement as a true statement in the space provided by changing the italicized word(s).

_____32. After full height is achieved, the epiphyseal plate remains unchanged. ____________________

_____33. In old age, bones become inactive. ____________________

_____34. Osteoblasts dissolve bone. ____________________

_____35. Several weeks after a fracture, the mass of new bone is called the bony callus. _________________

_____36. In general, the bones that receive more stress, such as the femur, undergo more frequent remodeling

than bones of the sternum. ____________________

_____37. In osteoporosis, the skeletal system loses bone volume and mineral content. ____________________

_____38. In a green stick fracture, the break extends completely through the bone. ____________________

_____39. Inflammation and bleeding following a break in a bone are dangerous signs. ____________________

_____40. A blood clot that forms at the site of a fracture is called a hematoma. ____________________

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