Part 1 Interactions among living things

Part 1

Interactions among living things

Interactions Among Living Things

Environment- All of the living and non-living things with which an organism may interact.

Ecology- The study of the relationships and interactions of living things with one another and their environment.

Ecosystem- All of the living and non-living things in a given area that interact with one another.

Community- The living part of any ecosystem- all the different organisms that live together.

Population- A group organisms of the same type, or species.

Species- Group of similar organisms that can produce offspring.

Habitat- The place in which an organism lives.

Producer- The source of all food in an ecosystem. Producers are able to use sunlight to turn simple raw materials into food. *photosynthesis*

Consumer- An organism that feeds directly or indirectly on producers.

Decomposer- Break down dead organisms into simpler substances.

Food Chain- A series of events in which food and energy are transferred from one organism to another in an ecosystem.

Food Web- A group of food chains interconnected.

Competition- The struggle among living things to get the proper amount of food, water, and energy.

Predator- Organism that kills and eats other organisms.

Prey- Organism that is killed and eaten by a predator

Symbiosis- Relationship in which an organism lives on, near, or in another organism, and at least one of the organisms benefits.

Niche- Role of an organism in its community or environment.

Commensalism- Type of symbiosis. One organism benefits and the other is not affected.

Mutualism- Type of symbiosis. Relationship is helpful to both organisms.

Parasitism- Type of symbiosis. Relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is harmed.

Parasite- Organism that feeds on other living organisms.

Host- Organism in which/ on which another organism lives.

Autotroph- Organisms that use energy ( sunlight) to create ( photosynthesis) their own food. Another name for producer.

Heterotroph- Organisms that must consume other organisms for the food and energy they need to survive. Consumers and decomposers.

Interactions among Living Things

Section Review 26-1 ( pg.660-667 )

1. An _______________ consists of all the living and nonliving things which an _________________ may interact.

2. Organisms obtain ___________, ______________, and other resources they need to live and grow from their __________________.

3. All of the _____________ and ______________ things in an ________________ are interconnected.

4. Define the term ecology. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

5. An ________________ consists of all the living and nonliving things in a given area that interact with each other.

6. The living part of any ecosystem is called a ___________________.

7. Each kind of living ( a particular organism ) thing makes up a _________________.

8. The place where an organism lives is called it's ___________________.

9. Explain the difference between community and population. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

Interactions among Living Things 26-2 ( pg. 668-672)

1. Three terms that indicate how organisms obtain energy and how they interact in their community are ____________, _________________, and _______________.

2. Organisms that can make their own food by photosynthesis are called __________________.

3. Producers use a source of energy (______________) to turn simple raw materials (______________________) into food (___________________).

4. ________________ are the source of all food in an ecosystem.

5. An organism that feeds directly or indirectly on a producer is called a ______________________.

6. Plant eaters are known as ____________________.

7. Animals that eat other animals are called ______________________.

8. Organisms that eat BOTH plants and animals are called____________________.

9. ________________ break down dead organisms into simpler substances.

10.A ________________ represents a series of events which food and energy are transferred from one organism in an ecosystem to another.

11.The first link in a chain is always a ______________. The second link is a ________________. The third link and most links after that are almost always _________________.

12.A number of overlapping food chains in an ecosystem produces a ________________________.

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