Anaphylaxis Treatment Protocol



Anaphylaxis Treatment Protocol 

Anaphylaxis can be a result of a systemic reaction to allergy shot or skin testing. A systemic reaction is any reaction that occurs beyond the site of injection or testing site. If patient complains of any of the following symptoms, you should consider the possibility of anaphylaxis. 

* Runny or stuffy nose, itchy eyes, sneezing

* Coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath

* Hives

* Hot or flush feeling

* Dizziness, palpitation

* Throat itchiness or tightness

* Loss of consciousness 

When you or the patient observe or suspect any of the above symptoms/signs, notify a physician immediately. Early recognition and treatment are critical. 

* Give 2 tsp of Benedryl, and place the patient in an exam room

* Take vital signs (BP, P, R, and peak flow)

* Have Epinephrine available to give at the discretion of the physician

* There should also be a tourniquet available in the room

* The emergency kit should be readily available

* Observe the patient for at least ONE hour after the injection

* Record on the shot record that the patient had a systemic reaction, and have the physician adjust the dose prior to the next shot

* As a courtesy, call the patient the following day to follow up 

Epinephrine injection 

* Inject intramuscularly at anteriolateral part of thigh, half of the epi may be given at the same site of the allergy shot to slow down absorption

* Dosage of Epinephrine (0.1 mg/cc), give about 0.01 mg/kg.

* 100 lb and above, give 0.50 cc

* 90 lb, give 0.45 cc

* 80 lb, give 0.40 cc

* 70 lb, give 0.35 cc

* 60 lb, give 0.30 cc

* 50 lb, give 0.25 cc

* 40 lb, give 0.20 cc

* 30 lb, give 0.15 cc

* 20 lb, give 0.10 cc  

The emergency kit should be checked monthly. They should have the following items: 

Epinephrine, IV fluid, a tourniquet, syringes, gauze pads, alcohol, gloves, benedryl, solumedrol, etc. 

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