Front Matter Template - Duke Global Health Institute



CURRICULUM VITANAME AND AFFILIATIONWORK ADDRESSNimmi Ramanujam, Ph.D.101 Science DriveRobert J. Carr Professor of Engineering1427 FCIEMAS, Box 90281 Dept. Biomedical EngineeringDurham, NC, 27708Dept. Pharmacology & Cancer BiologyPhone: (919)-660-5307Duke Global Health InstituteFax: (919) 684-4488Duke Cancer Institute Email: nimmi@duke.eduDirector, Global Women’s Health Technologies CenterDirector, Tissue Optical Spectroscopy LaboratoryAREA OF SPECIALIZATION AND INTERESTSBiophotonics, breast cancer imaging, cervical cancer imaging, cancer metabolism, cancer therapeutics, STEM educationEDUCATION1995Ph.D. Biomedical Engineering University of Texas, AustinPOSITIONS HELD1995-1996Research Scientist, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Texas, Austin1996-1999National Institutes of Health post-doctoral Fellow, Dept. Biochemistry and Biophysics (Prof. Britton Chance), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia1999-2000Assistant Professor, Dept. Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia2000-2005Assistant Professor, Dept. Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison2005-2010Associate Professor, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC2006-President and founder of Zenalux Biomedical, Inc. (previously known as Endls Optics Inc), Durham, NC2011-Professor, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC2013-Professor, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC2013-Director and founder, Center for Global Women’s Health Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC2014-Professor, Dept. Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NCHONORS, AWARDS AND MEMBERSHIPS2018-present Associate Editor, Scientific Reports2018 CUGH Emerging Leader in Global Health Innovation Faculty Award2017 National Academy of Inventors Fellow2014-2018 NIH BMIT-A study section member2014Robert W. Carr Jr., Professor of Engineering, Duke University2014Advisory board member, Physics in Medicine and Biology2013 Chair Elect, CDMRP Integration Panel for the BCRP program2014Chair, DOD Breast Cancer Research Program, Integration Panel2013 Fellow, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers2012 Fellow of the American Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE)2012Conference organizing committee member, OSA BIOMED2011Profiled in SPIE Women in Optics2011-2014 Advisory Board Member, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin2011Stansell Distinguished Research Award, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University2009 Fellow, Optical Society of America2009-presentStanding member, DOD Breast Cancer Research Program Integration Panel2009 DOD Era of Hope Research Scholar award, DOD Breast Cancer Research Program2008 Invited Speaker, Gordon Conference on Lasers in Medicine and Biology2008 Plenary speaker, DOD Era of Hope Breast Cancer Conference2005 Global Indus Technovators Awards, Indian Business Club at MIT2005DOD Era of Hope Scholar Award, DOD Breast Cancer Research Program2005Vilas Associate award, University of Wisconsin, Madison2005 Technology achievement award, MIT Alumni Association of Wisconsin2004Consultant, Obstetrics and Gynecology Panel of the Medical Devices Advisory Committee, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration2004Invited Speaker, Gordon Conference on Lasers in Medicine and Biology2003TR100 Young Innovator Award: Selected as one of the top 100 young innovators in technology in the world by MIT's Technology Review Magazine2002Whitaker travel award to participate in the ASEE Conference2001Fellow, American Society of Laser Medicine and Surgery Whitaker Foundation investigator1996-1998National Research Service Postdoctoral Award, National Institutes of Health 1996Invited participant in NSF’s “Engineering Education Scholars Workshop”1996One of three finalists in the American Association for Medical Instrumentation Young Investigator Competition1995Award for Best Scientific Paper, American Association of Cancer Research1994-1995Award for Best Scientific Paper, American Society for Laser Medicine & Surgery1994-1995Professional Development Award, University of Texas, Austin1995Scholarship, American Society for Laser Medicine & Surgery1995Scholarship, Association for Women in Science Educational Foundation1994Scholarship, International Society for Optical Engineering1991Competitive Academic Fellowship, University of Texas, AustinACADEMIC SERVICEInternal review committeesGraduate Committee member, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 09/2000-20052002Search committee member for ultrasound imaging candidates, Dept. Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison2001-2004Co-organizer, Biological Imaging Seminar Series, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Member, Diversity Committee, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin, MadisonMember, Search Committee for PET Imaging Candidates, Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison2006President’s council for women, Duke University2007Member, Engineering Faculty Council, Duke University2008-2009 Member and secretary, Engineering Faculty Council, Duke University2009-2010 Member, Academic Council, Duke Uniersity2009-2010Member, Uncertainty and optimization faculty search committee2009-2011Chair, global health faculty search committee2010Member, Dr. Palmieri’s reappointment committee2010-2011Chair, Global Health Faculty Search Committee2013-Director, Center for Global Women’s Health Technologies, Duke University2014 Member, Chancellor Search Committee, Duke University2014 Duke Engage Faculty Board member, Duke University2014Judge for Ebola Challenge Innovations, Duke University2014 Moderator in the Women’s Weekend, Duke University2014-2015 Chair, Tops Faculty Search Committee, Duke University2014-2015 Member, Global Priorities Committee, Duke University2014-present Member, Duke Engage Faculty Board2015 Member, Pratt Dean Search Committee, Duke University2015- Member, I&E Faculty Steering Committee, Duke University2016- 2017 Chair, Office of Licensing Director Search Committee, Duke University2016-present DGHI Doctoral Scholars Committee2017 Member, Global health Institute Director Search, Duke University2017 Reviewer – IID Data + proposals2017 Reviewer – Bass proposals2018Member, Duke I&E Core Faculty GroupExternal review committees1999Ad hoc reviewer, Alzheimer’s Association2000Ad hoc reviewer, Biomedical Engineering and Research to Aid Person with Disabilities IIA / Sensing and Imaging Panel, NSF2000-2003 Ad hoc reviewer, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Special Emphasis Panel, NIH2002-2003Ad hoc reviewer, Study section SSS-7(1): Small Business Application on Imaging Technologies B, NIH2003Ad hoc reviewer, Program Project Site Visit, NIH2003-2004Ad hoc reviewer, Diagnostic Medical Imaging (DMG) Study section, NIH2003Ad hoc reviewer, Imaging Technology Grants, Susan G. Komen Foundation2004Ad hoc reviewer, Program Project Site Visit, NIH2007Ad hoc reviewer, Image guided interventions study section, NIH2007Ad hoc reviewer, Bioengineering research partnership (BRP) study section, NIH2008Ad hoc reviewer, Bioengineering research partnership (BRP) study section, NIH2009Ad hoc reviewer, Bioengineering research partnership (BRP) study section, NIH2009Ad hoc member, Breast Cancer Research Program Integration panel, DOD2009Ad hoc reviewer, Academic Research Partnership study section, NIH 2009 Ad hoc reviewer, Quick trials study section, NIH2010Judge, MIT Tchnology Review’s TR35, 2010 Young Innovators under the age of 352010Adhoc reviewer, NIH Academic Industry Partneship Study Section2010Adhoc reviewer, NIH Bioimaging study section2011Adhoc reviewer, NIH BMIT-A study section2011Judge, MIT Tchnology Review’s TR35, 2010 Young Innovators under the age of 352012Judge, MIT Tchnology Review’s TR35, 2010 Young Innovators under the age of 352013Reviewer, University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences Academic Review2012-Charter member, NIH BMIT A study section2015-Independent Evaluation Committee (IEC) as a virtual evaluator for proposals submitted within the Eastern and Southern Africa Higher Education Centers of Excellence Project (ACE II), World Bank2017 UVA Department of Biomedical Engineering Program Review 2017 NIH Cobre Reviews2017 NCI Affordable Technologies Reviews program2017AIMBE Fellows Program Review Committee2018 Reviewer – AAAS proposals (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)Conference committee memberships and positions1999Session chair, Optical Biopsy I and II session, Photonics West, BiOS ’99, San Jose CA1999-2001Technical council chair, Biomedical Spectroscopy Technical Group, Optical Society of America.2000Program committee member, Advances in Photon Migration, Topical Meeting, Optical Society of America, Miami FL2000Session chair and organizer, Tissue Hemodynamics Session, Topical Meeting, Optical Society of America, Miami FL2000Program committee member, Biomedical Optics, Annual Meeting, Optical Society of America, Providence RI2000Session chair and organizer, Optical Techniques for Medicine and Biology session, Annual Meeting, Optical Society of America, Providence RI2002Session chair and organizer, Functional Monitoring and Drug Tissue Interaction Session, Photonics West, BiOS 2002, San Jose CA2002Program committee member, Biomedical Optical Spectroscopy and Diagnostics, Topical Meeting, Optical Society of America, Miami FL2002Session chair and organizer, Fluorescence Potpourri Session, Topical Meeting, Optical Society of America, Miami FL2003Session chair and organizer, Session on Current Trends in Spectroscopy and Imaging for Disease Diagnosis, Annual Meeting, Optical Society of America, Tucson AZ2004Program committee member, Biomedical Optical Spectroscopy, Imaging and Diagnostics, Topical Meeting, Optical Society of America, Miami FL2006Program committee member, Biomedical Optical Spectroscopy, Imaging and Diagnostics, Topical Meeting, Optical Society of America, Ft. Lauderdale, FL2007 Session organizer, Imaging metabolic pathways in the ECI conference, Lasers in Biology and Medicine, Naples, FL2007Program committee member, Biomedical Optical Spectroscopy, Imaging and Diagnostics, Topical Meeting, Optical Society of America, FL2008 Member, Era of Hope Technical Planning Committee.2008 Member, Program Committee, Biomedical Optical Spectroscopy and Diagnostics, OSA Conference2008 Panel moderator, Global Health conference at Duke University. Nov 5-6.2008Panel member, Indo-US workshop on Low Cost Technologies for the Developing world, sponsored by the Division of Biotechnology, India and NIBIB, U.S.A in India. Nov 14-172009Program committee member, Biomedical Optical Spectroscopy, Imaging and Diagnostics, Topical Meeting, Optical Society of America, Miami, FL2010-2011Conference track chair, Clinical spectroscopy and diagnostics, European Conference on Biomercial Optics, Munich, Germany, May 20112011 Invited panel member in the U.S. and India Med-Tech Summit, New Delhi, India 2013 Chair, OSA- ECBO, Clinical and Biomedical Spectroscopy and Imaging, program committee2014 Program Chair, European Conference for Biomedical optics to be held in Munich Germany, 2015GRANT FUNDINGActive Support (current year directs)1R01CA195500 - Ramanujam (PI) 7/1/15-6/30/180.9 academic/1 sumNIH: Quick Trials $176,600$740,277 total costA Viable Solution for a See and Treat Paradigm for Cervical Pre-cancer in Africa1R01CA19338001 - Ramanujam (PI) 8/1/15-7/31/201.2 academic/1 sumNIH: AIP $564,812$3,565,007 total costCulturally Appropriate Screening and Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer in East Africa1R21EB025008-01 - Ramanujam (PI) 9/15/17-7/31/190.9 academic/1 sumNIH: R21 $564,812$192,387 total costA novel strategy to see and treat breast cancer: translation to intra-operative breast margin assessmentRamanujam (PI)1/1/17-7/31/18No effortDuke: Optical Imaging and Analysis and Light Microcopy $10,000 Ramanujam (PI)Duke: Bass Connections Year 2 7/1/17-6/30/18 No effortPocket Colposcope: Increased Distribution and Adoption $25,000Ramanujam (PI) No effortDuke: Council of the Arts – Invisible Gateway 7/1/17-4/30/19 $2,000Ramanujam (PI)Duke: Health Humanities Lab No effortArt as a Changemaker for Perceptions of the Female Anatomy $3,000Ramanujam (PI) No effort Duke: Intellectual Community Planning 1/8/18–1/8/19 $3,000The Calla Project – an art-based initiative to change the narrative of shame and invisibility associated with cervical cancer Ramanujam (Co-PI)No effort Duke: Bass Connections7/1/18-6/30/19 $20,000Low-Cost Laparoscopic Surgery with Tele-Mentoring for Low-Income Countries Ramanujam (PI)Duke: Provost Collaboratories4/1/18-4/1/20No effortA Road Map for Afforadable Health Care in the 1st Century.$58,000Ramanujam (PI)NCBC: BIG7/1/18-7/1/19No effortOptimization of Gel Ethanol Ablation as a Low-Cost, Safe, and Effective 100,000Surgical Alternative for Treatment of Head and Neck CancersCompleted SupportRamanujam (PI)9/1/17-8/31/18.45 aca/.15 sumNCBC$75,000Speculum-free gynecology with applications to primary and secondary prevention of cervical cancerRamanujam (PI) 4/1/17-4/1/18 No effortDuke: Bass Connections Course Development $5,000PO1 CA82710-01 Follen (PI)11/01/02 - 10/31/070.45 aca monNIH/NCI$199,805 Optical technologies for cervical neoplasiaRole: Co-investigator1 R01 EB000184-01 White (PI)9/1/02 - 8/31/070.45 aca monNIH/NIBIB$1,250,000 A spectral/lifetime microscope for in vivo studiesRole: Co-PIPO1 CA82710-01 Follen (PI)9/23/99 - 8/31/020.90 aca monNIH/NCI$118,857 (direct costs)Fluorescence spectroscopy of cervical neoplasiaRole: Co-investigator5R44HL061057-03 Nioka (PI)7/1/00-7/1/020.90 aca monNIH/NHLBI$159,672 (direct costs)Near Infrared Light Spectroscopy and Imaging of Blood Oxygenation and Volume of the Fetal Brain In UteroRole: Co-investigatorIRG 58-011-44-06 Ramanujam (PI) 10/01/00-6/1/02 0.45 aca monAmerican Cancer Society $13,030 (direct costs)Biochemical and biophysical basis for the difference in the fluorescence properties of neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissuesFall Research Competition, Ramanujam (PI)7/1/02-6/30/030.90 aca monUniversity of Wisconsin$35,000 Variable aperture probes for epithelial pre-cancer detection1P20CA086278-01A1Grist (PI)6/1/01-5/31/040.90 aca monNIH/NCI$79,800Wisconsin Interdisciplinary Molecular Imaging CenterRole: Co-investigatorFall Research Competition, Ramanujam (PI)7/1/03-6/30/040.90 aca monUniversity of Wisconsin$35,000 Optical technologies for breast needle biopsyBiomedical Engineering 84787 Ramanujam (PI) 9/1/01-8/31/042.25 aca monWhitaker Foundation$169,526 (direct costs)Development and Optimization of Optical Spectroscopy for the Detection of Pre-cancers and Early CancersTranslational partnership award Ramanujam (PI) 4/1/06-3/31/070.45 aca monCoulter Foundation$100,000An optical assay system for intra-operative assessment of tumor margins in patients with breast cancer1R21EB002742-01 Ramanujam (PI)9/1/03 - 8/31/05 0.90 aca mon NIH/NIBIB$275,000 (direct costs)Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy Guided Breast Needle BiopsyVILAS associate award (PI)7/1/05-6/30/070.23 aca monUniversity of Wisconsin$34,000Molecular imaging of breast cancerNIRT, Brown (PI)4/1/04-3/31/080.23 aca monNSF$110,965 (direct costs)Highly Integrated and Ultra-sensitive Optical Nanoparticle-Based Sensing Systems Based on Nanoparticle Synthesis, Assembly, and IntegrationRole: Co-investigatorDTRI grant, Ramanujam (PI)4/1/07-6/30/080.90 aca monDuke$202,000 (direct costs)Introperative assessment of tumor margins in patients undergoing breast conserving surgeryRole: PIBreast Spore pilot project grant, Ramanujam (PI) 7/1/06-07/01/090.23 aca monDuke$150,000Fiber-optic based optical spectroscopy techniques for non-destructive and real-time monitoring of hypoxia and angiogenesis in response to molecular therapies for breast cancerRole: PI1 R21 CA108490, Ramanujam (PI)7/1/06-6/30/090.62 aca monNIH$190,000Fiber probe designs for epithelial pre-cancer detectionR41CA128160-01, Ramanujam (PI)9/29/07-8/31/09 0.45 aca/0.45 sum monNIH/STTR$195,843Optical surveillance of tumor margins in patients undergoing breast conserving surgeryDTRI grant, Ramanujam (PI)7/1/08-6/30/090.40 aca/ 0.23 sum monDuke$150,000 (direct costs)Intraoperative optical Imaging to reduce the re-excision rate of breast conserving surgery Role: PI1R01CA100559, Ramanujam, N (PI)4/1/04-3/31/100.59 academicNIH/NCI$155,502 (direct costs)Diagnosis of breast cancer using optical spectroscopy.Role: PIProvost Common Fund, Ramanujam (PI)7/1/09-06/30/10No effortDuke$15,000Development of low cost optical technologies for cervical pre-cancer detectionEra of Hope Scholar BC044776, Ramanujam (PI) 9/1/05 - 8/31/113 acad monDOD BRCP$2,342,591 total costsMiniature and Molecular Specific Optical Screening Technologies Role: PITravel grant2011No effortDuke Global Health Institute$2,000Establish global health collaborations in India2R42CA128160-02 Ramanujam (PI)9/30/09-3/29/11 0.45 acad/1.47 sum monNIH: STTR$1,029,260 total costsFast Spectral Imaging Device for Tumor Margin Mapping Role: PI5K99CA140783-02 Vishwanath (PI)5/1/10-4/30/15No effortNCI: K99$205,850 total costsCan Optical Spectroscopy Predict Early Treatment Response in Solid TumorsRole: Mentor2R01-DK-54932 Reichart (PI)7/1/09-6/30/141 acad monNIH$2,055,462 total costs Biosensor BiocompatibilityRole: co-investigator1R03EB012210-01 Yu (PI)7/1/10-6/30/110.23 aca monNIH$152,689 total costsA smart fiber optic sensor for in vivo tissue optical spectroscopyRole: Co-Investigator1R21CA159936-01 Brown (PI)4/1/11-3/31/130.45 aca monNIH: R21$411,035 total costsA Fluorescence Histology System for In Vivo Breast Tumor Margin Assessment Role: Co-InvestigatorLee (PI)Vishwanath (co-PI) 8/1/11-7/31/12No effortRole: Mentor $50,000 (total cost)Duke Cancer Institute: The Alexander and Margaret Stewart Trust "Use of Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy to Assess Tumor Biomarkers that predict outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer Therapy"1R41CA156901-019/24/12-8/31/14 1.2 cal monNIH: STTR$244,210A Quantitative Optical Sensor to Monitor Pre-Clinical Tumor Vascular PhysiologyRole: PI1R21CA162747, Ramanujam (PI)7/1/11-6/30/150.9academic/0.25 summerNIH: Quick Trials$206,817 $602,297 total costSmart Optical Sensor for Detection of Cervical Cancer in the Developing WorldRole: PIEra of Hope – BC087569 Ramanujam (PI)9/18/09-9/17/151.8academic/1.18 summerDOD, W81XWH-09-0410$401,410 $2,854,824 total costHarnessing the power of light to see and treat breast cancerRamanujam (PI)1/1/15-12/31/15 No effortDuke: DCI DUSOM $40,000 total costIntegration of mHealth with Scalable Screening Tool for Cervical Cancer in LMICsRamanujam (PI)10/22/15-6/1/16No effortDuke: Intellectual Community Provost Planning Grant$3,500 total costCancer TECHRamanujam (PI)10/21/15-6/1/16No effortDuke: Africa Initiative$5,000 total costMini Conference on Formulating a Multidisciplinary Approach to Implementing Broad-Based Cervical Cancer Screening in East Africa2R42CA156901 - Ramanujam (PI) 9/22/14-8/31/16 No effortNIH: STTR (Phase 2)$1,321,235 total costA Quantitative Optical Sensor to Monitor Tumor Vascular Physiology Ramanujam (PI)10/1/15-9/30/16 No effortDuke: MEDx Colloquia $5,000 total costCHeSS: Challenges Seeking Solutions in Primary Care, Cancer and EngineeringRamanujam (PI)7/1/16-6/30/17No effortDuke: Bass Connections $29,977 total costCervical Cancer in PeruRamanujam (PI)4/1/16-5/31/17No effortDuke: Quant Sci $50,000Quantitative Initiative – Smart Health Algorithm to Automate Cervical Cancer Screening1R01EB011574 - Ramanujam (PI)4/1/11-3/31/172.3 academic/1 summerNIH: BRP$626,007$5,268,049 total costA Novel Optical Spectral Imaging System for Rapid Imaging of Breast Tumor MarginsRamanujam (PI)10/1/15-8/31/17 No effortDuke: MEDx Colloquia $5,000 total costCHeSS: Challenges Seeking Solutions in Primary Care, Cancer and EngineeringPATENTSPatents issued9,091,637 Smart Fiber Optic Sensor System and Methods for Quantitative Optical Spectroscopy*8,804,115 Systems and methods for performing optical spectroscopy using a self-calibrating fiber optic probe*8,369,915 Integrated miniaturized fiber optic probe* 7,952,704 Optical assay system for intraoperative assessment of tumor margins#7,835,786 Methods, Systems and Computer Program Products for Optimization of Probes for Spectroscopic Measurement in Turbid Media*7,818,154 Monte carlo based model of fluorescence in turbid media and methods and systems for using same to determine intrinsic fluorescence of turbid media*7,751,039 Optical Assay System for Intra Operative Assessment of Tumor Margins7,570,988 Method for Extraction of Optical Properties from Diffuse Reflectance Spectra**7,440,659 Depth-resolved reflectance instrument and method for its use*7,236,815 Method for probabilistically classifying tissue in vitro and in vivo using fluorescence spectroscopy7,202,947 Depth-resolved fluorescence instrument with angled excitation 6,825,928 Depth-resolved fluorescence instrument 6,258,576 Diagnostic method and apparatus for cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions in vitro and in vivo using fluorescence spectroscopy 6,135,965 Spectroscopic detection of cervical pre-cancer using radial basis function networks 6,095,982 Spectroscopic method and apparatus for optically detecting abnormal mammalian epithelial tissue 5,991,653 Near-infrared raman spectroscopy for in vitro and in vivo detection of cervical precancers 5,697,373 Optical method and apparatus for the diagnosis of cervical precancers using raman and fluorescence spectroscopies 5,623,932 Diagnosis of dysplasia using laser induced fluorescence 5,421,339 Diagnosis of dysplasia using laser induced fluorescencePatents filed 20050203419 Side-firing probe for performing optical spectroscopy during core needle biopsy, filed 2/22/200520080270091 Scaling method for fast monte carlo simulation of diffuse reflectance spectra from multi-layered turbid media and methods and systems for using same to determine optical properties of multi-layered turbid medium from measured diffuse reflectance, filed 2/25/2008PCT/US2008/078186, (12/680,305) System and Methods for Spectral Analysis of a Tissue Mass Using an Instrument, an Optical Probe, and a Monte Carlo or a Diffusion Algorithm, filed 9/29/20088833169.9 System and Methods for Spectral Analysis of a Tissue Mass Using an Instrument, an Optical Probe, and a Monte Carlo or a Diffusion Algorithm, filed 9/29/200820110059016 Optical assay system with a multi-probe imaging array, filed 9/29/2008 PCT/US2014/067038 Colposcopes Having Light Emitters and Image Capture Devices and Associated Methods, filed 11/14/2014**62/315,140 Inserter for speculum-free and self-examination?of the cervix, filed 3/30/201615/038,221 Colposcopes Having Light Emitters and Image Capture and Associated Methods, filed 5/20/201662/465,949 Methods for Optimizing Ethanol Ablation for the Treatment of Cancer, filed 3/2/201762/645,933 Integrated Imaging Device and Methods of Use, 3/2/201715/024,200 Colposcopes and Mammoscopes Having Curved Ends and Flat Ends, Associated Methods, and Speculum-Free Imaging Methods, 3/30/17**62/568,119 Colposcopes and Mammoscopes Having Curved Ends and Flat Ends, Associated Methods, and Speculum-Free Imaging Methods, 10/4/17***This patent is the basis for a product, the Zenascope, which is being sold by Zenalux for pre-clinical and clinical research investigations (). The technology provides rapid, non- destructive quantitative measurement of tissue optical properties with real time pressure control and self-calibration.** Patents, which have been licensed to 3rd StoneARCHIVAL JOURNAL PUBLICATIONSRamanujam N, Mitchell MF, Mahadevan A, Thomsen S, Silva E, Richards-Kortum RR, “Fluorescence spectroscopy: a diagnostic tool for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN)”, Gynecologic Oncology, 52, 31-38, 1994.Ramanujam N, Mitchell MF, Mahadevan A, Warren S, Thomsen S, Richards-Kortum RR, “In Vivo diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) using 337 nm laser induced fluorescence”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 10193-10197, 1994.Ramanujam N, Mitchell MF, Mahadevan A, Thomsen S, Silva E, Richards-Kortum RR, “Fluorescence spectroscopy of the cervix”, Consultations in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6(1), 62-69, 1994.Durkin AJ, Jaikumar S, Ramanujam N, Richards-Kortum RR, “Relation between fluorescence spectra of dilute and turbid samples”, Applied Optics, 33(3), 414-423, 1994.Ramanujam N, Mitchell MF, Mahadevan A, Thomsen S, Malpica A, Wright T, Atkinson A, Richards-Kortum RR, “Development of a multivariate statistical algorithm to analyze human cervical tissue fluorescence spectra acquired in vivo”, Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 19(1), 46-62, 1996.Ramanujam N, Mitchell MF, Mahadevan A, Thomsen S, Malpica A, Wright T, Atkinson A, Richards-Kortum RR, “Spectroscopic diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) in vivo using laser-induced fluorescence spectra at multiple excitation wavelengths”, Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 19(1), 63-72, 199Ramanujam N, Mitchell MF, Mahadevan-Jansen A, Thomsen S, Staerkel G, Malpica A, Wright T, Atkinson A, Richards-Kortum RR, “Cervical pre-cancer detection using a multivariate statistical algorithm based on laser induced fluorescence spectra at multiple excitation wavelengths”, Photochemistry and Photobiology, 64, 720-735, 1996.Tumer K, Ramanujam N, Ghosh J, Richards-Kortum RR, “Ensembles of Radial Basis Function networks for spectroscopic screening of cervical pre-cancer”, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 45(8), 953-961, 1998.Ramanujam N, Du C, Ma HY, Chance B, “Sources of phase noise in homodyne and heterodyne phase modulation devices used for tissue oximetry studies”, Review of Scientific Instruments, 69(8), 3042-3054, 1998.Chance B, Cope M, Dugan B, Ramanujam N, Tromberg B, “Phase measurements of absorbers and scatterers in tissue”, review, Review of Scientific Instruments, 69(10), 3457-3481, 1998.Trujillo EV, Sandison DR, Utzinger U, Ramanujam N, Follen Mitchell M, Richards-Kortum RR, “Method to determine tissue fluorescence efficiency in vivo and predict signal to noise ratio for spectrometers”, Applied Spectroscopy, 52(7), 943-951, 1998.Mahadevan-Jansen A, Follen Mitchell M, Ramanujam N, Malpica A, Thomsen S, Utzinger U, Richards-Kortum RR, “Near-Infrared Raman spectroscopy for in vitro detection of cervical precancers”, Photochemistry and Photobiology, 68,123-132, 1998.Mahadevan-Jansen A, Follen Mitchell M, Ramanujam N, Utzinger U, Richards-Kortum R, “Development of a fiber optic probe to measure NIR Raman spectra of cervical tissue in vivo”, Photochemistry and Photobiology, 68(3), 427-31, 1998.Mitchell MF, Cantor S, Ramanujam N, Tortolero-Luna G, Richards-Kortum RR, “Fluorescence spectroscopy for the diagnosis of squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix”, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 93(3), 462-470, 1999.Yazdi Y, Ramanujam N, Lotan R, Kline K, Mitchell MF, Hittelman W, Richards-Kortum RR, “Resonance Raman spectroscopy at 257 nm excitation of normal and malignant cultured breast and cervical cells”, Applied Spectroscopy, 53(1), 82-85, 1999.Ramanujam N, Long H, Rode M, Morgan M, Forouzan I, Chance B, “Ante-partum, trans-abdominal near infrared spectroscopy: feasibility of measuring photon migration through the fetal head in utero”, Journal of Maternal Fetal Medicine, 8, 275-288, 1999.Ramanujam N, Vishnoi G, Hielscher AH, Rode ME, Forouzan I, Chance B, “Photon migration through the fetal head in utero using continuous wave, near infrared spectroscopy: clinical and experimental model studies”, Journal of Biomedical Optics, 5, 163-172, 2000.Vishnoi G, Hielscher AH, Ramanujam N, Chance B, “Photon migration through the fetal head in utero using continuous wave, near infrared spectroscopy: development and evaluation of experimental and numerical models”, Journal of Biomedical Optics, 5, 173-184, 2000.Jacques SL, Ramanujam N, Vishnoi G, Choe R, Chance B, “Modeling photon transport in transabdominal fetal oximetry”, Journal of Biomedical Optics, 5(3), 283-286, 2000.Zourabian A, Chance B, Ramanujam N, Martha Rode, David A. Boas, “Trans-abdominal Monitoring of fetal arterial blood oxygenation using pulse oximetry”, Journal of Biomedical Optics, 5(4), 391-405, 2000.Ramanujam N, Richards-Kortum R, Thomsen S, Mahadevan-Jansen A, Follen M, Chance B, “Low temperature fluorescence imaging of freeze-trapped human cervical tissues”, Optics Express, 8(6), 335-343, December 2000.Ramanujam N, Chen J, Gossage K, Richards-Kortum R, Chance B, “Fast and non-invasive, fluorescence imaging of biological tissues, in vivo using a flying spot scanner”, IEEE Transactions in Biomedical Engineering, 48(9), 1034-1041, 2001.Gu Y, Qian Z, Chen J, Blessington D, Ramanujam N, “Chance B, High-resolution three-dimensional scanning optical image system for intrinsic and extrinsic contrast agents in tissue”, Review of Scientific Instruments, 73(10), 172-178, 2002.Palmer GM, Marshek CL, Vrotsos KM, Ramanujam N, “Optimal methods for fluorescence and diffuse reflectance measurements of tissue biopsies”, Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 3 (3), 191-200, 2002.Quan L, Ramanujam N, “Correlation between the depth of a fluorescent target in a turbid medium and the illumination-collection aperture diameter”, Optics Letters, 27(2), 104-107, 2002.Quan L, Zhu C, Ramanujam N, “Experimental Validation of Monte Carlo Modeling of Fluorescence in Tissues in the UV-Visible Spectrum”, Journal of Biomedical Optics, 8(2), 223-236, 2003.Zhu C, Quan L, Ramanujam N, “Effect of Fiber Optic Probe Geometry on Depth Resolved Fluorescence Measurements from Epithelial Tissue”, Journal of Biomedical Optics, 8(2), 237-247, 2003.Palmer GM, Zhu C, Breslin TM, Xu F, Gilchrist KW, Ramanujam N, “Comparison of multi-excitation fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for the diagnosis of breast cancer”, IEEE Trans BME, 2003. 50(11): p. 1233-1242.Gill EM, Malpica Anais, Alford RE, Nath AR, Follen M, Richards-Kortum R, Ramanujam N, “Relationship between collagen autofluorescence of the human cervix and menopausal status”, Photochem Photobiol, 77: 653-658, 2003. Palmer GM, Keely PJ, Breslin TM, Ramanujam N, “Auto fluorescence spectroscopy of normal and malignant human breast cells”, Photochemistry and Photobiology, 78(5), 462-469, 2003.Choe R, Durduran T, Yu G, Nijland MJM, Chance B, Yodh A, Ramanujam N, “Transabdominal near infrared oximetry of hypoxic stress in fetal sheep brain in utero”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100(22), 12950-12954, 2003.Breslin TM, Xu F, Palmer GM, Zhu C, Gilchrist KW, Ramanujam N, “Auto Fluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance Properties of Malignant and Benign Breast Tissues”, Ann Surg Oncol. 11(1):65-70, 2004.Skala MC, Palmer GM, Zhu C, Liu Q, Vrotsos KM, Marshek CL, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Ramanujam N, “An Investigation of Probe Geometry Designs for the Optical Spectroscopic Diagnosis of Epithelial Pre-Cancers and Cancers”, Lasers Surg Med, 34(1), 25-38, 2004.Lubawy C, Ramanujam N, “Endoscopically compatible near infrared photon migration probe”, Optics Letters, 29(17), 2022-2024, 2004.Liu Q, Ramanujam N, “Experimental proof of the feasibility of using an angled probe for depth-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy of a turbid medium”, Optics Letters, 29(17), 2034-2036, 2004.Skala MS, Squirrell JM, Vrotsos KM, Eickhoff JC, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Eliceiri KW, Ramanujam N, “Multiphoton microscopy of endogenous fluorescence differentiates normal, pre-cancerous and cancerous squamous epithelial tissues”, Cancer Research, 34, 25-38, 2005.Zhu C, Palmer GM, Breslin TM, Xu F, Ramanujam N, “The use of a multi-separation fiber optic probe for the optical diagnosis of breast cancer”, Journal of Biomedical Optics, 10(2) 24-32, 2005.Bird DK, Yan, L, Vrotsos KM, Eliceiri KW, Vaughan EM, Keely PJ, White JG, Ramanujam N, “Metabolic Mapping of MCF10A Human Breast Cells via Multiphoton Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM) of the Coenzyme NADH”, Cancer Research, 65(19), 8766-8773, 2005.Palmer GM, and Ramanujam N, “A Monte Carlo based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties, part I: Theory and validation on synthetic phantoms”, Appl Opt, 2006. 45(5): p. 1062-1071. Palmer GM, Zhu C, Breslin TM, Xu F, Gilchrist KW, and Ramanujam N, “A Monte Carlo based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties, part II: Application to breast cancer diagnosis”, Appl Opt, 2006. 45(5): p. 1072-1078.Liu Q, Ramanujam N, “Determination of Optical Properties of a Two-Layered Epithelial Tissue Model from Depth-Resolved Ultraviolet-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectra”, Applied Optics, 45(19):4776-90, 2006.Zhu C, Palmer GM, Breslin T, Harter J, Ramanujam N, “Diagnosis of Breast cancer using Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: Comparison of a Monte Carlo vs. Partial Least Squares Analysis based Feature Extraction Technique”, Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 38: 714-724, 2006.Millon SR, Roldan-Perez KM, Riching KM, Palmer GM, Ramanujam N, “Effect of optical clearing agents on the in vivo optical properties of squamous epithelial tissue”, Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 38(10): 92-7, 2006.Palmer GM, Ramanujam N, “Use of genetic algorithms to optimize fiber optic probe design for the extraction of tissue optical properties”, IEEE Transactions in Biomedical Engineering, 54(8): 1533-5, 2007.Skala MC, Riching KM, Bird DK, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Eickhoff J, Eliceiri KW, Keely PJ, Ramanujam N, “In vivo Multiphoton Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of Protein-bound and Free NADH in Normal and Pre-Cancerous Epithelia”, Journal of Biomedical Optics, 12(2): 024014, 2007.Liu Q, Ramanujam N, “A Scaling Method for Fast Monte Carlo Simulation of Diffuse Reflectance Spectra from Multi-layered Turbid Media”, Journal of the Optical Society of America, 24(4): 1011-1025, 2007.Yu B, Burnside ER, Sisney GA, Harter JM, Zhu C, Dhalla AH, Ramanujam N, “Feasibility of Near-Inrared Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy on Patients Undergoing Image-Guided Core-Needle Biopsy”, Optics Express, 15(12): 7335-50, 2007.Skala MC, Palmer GM, Vrotsos KM, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Ramanujam N,? “Comparison of a Monte Carlo based physical model and principal component analysis for the diagnosis of normal and neoplastic epithelial tissues in vivo using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy”,? Optics Express, (15):12; 7863-7875, 2007.Skala MC, Riching KM, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Eliceiri KW, and Ramanujam N,?“In vivo multiphoton microscopy of metabolic oxidation-reduction states and fluorescence lifetimes in normal and pre-cancerous epithelia”,?Proc Nat Acad Sci. 104(49): 19494-19499, 2007.Brown JQ, Wilke LG, Kennedy S, Palmer G, Geradts J, Ramanujam N, “Intraoperative in vivo reflectance spectroscopy for discrimination of normal, benign, and malignant breast tissues”, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 106: S209-S210,?2007.Palmer GM, and Ramanujam N, “Monte Carlo based model for the extraction of intrinsic fluorescence from turbid media”, J Biomed Opt. 13(2): p. 024017-9, 2008. Zhu C, Palmer G, Breslin T, Harter J, Ramanujam N, “Diagnosis of Breast Cancer using Fluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: a Monte Carlo Model Based Approach”, J Biomed Opt, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp.034015, 2008.Yu B, Fu H, Bydlon T, Bender JE, and Ramanujam N, “Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy with a Self-Calibrating Fiber Optic Probe”, Optics Letters. Vol 33, No. 16, pp 1783-1785, 2008.Zhu C, Breslin TM, Harter J, Ramanujam N, “Model Based and Empirical Spectral Analysis for the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer”, Optics Express 16(19):14961-78, 2008.Lazebnik M, Zhu C, Palmer GM, Harter J, Sewall S, Ramanujam N, Hagness S, “Electromagnetic Spectroscopy of Normal Breast Tissue Specimens Obtained from Reduction Surgeries: Comparison of Optical and Microwave Properties”, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 55(10): 2444-2451, 2008.Yu B, Lo JY, Palmer GM, Bender J, Kuech TF, Ramanujam N, “A Cost-Effective Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy Device for Quantifying Tissue Absorption and Scattering In Vivo”, Journal of Biomedical Optics Letters. Vol. 13, Issue 6, pp. 060505-1, 2008.Zhu C, Burnside ES, Sisney GA, Salkowski LR, Harter JM, Yu B, Ramanujam N, “Fluorescence Spectroscopy: An Adjunct Diagnostic Tool to Image Guided Core Needle Biopsy of the Breast”, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 56(10): 2518-2528, 2009.Brown JQ, Wilke LG, Geradts J, Kennedy SA, Palmer GM, Ramanujam N,?"Quantitative optical spectroscopy:? A robust tool for direct measurement of breast cancer oxygenation and total hemoglobin content in vivo,"?Cancer Research, 69(7): 2919-2926, 2009. Lo JY, Yu B, Fu HL, Bender JE, Palmer GM, Kuech TF, Ramanujam N, “A strategy for quantitative spectral imaging of tissue absorption and scattering using light emitting diodes and photodiodes”, Optics Express. 17(3): 1372-1384, 2009. Chang VTC, Cartwright PS, Bean SM, Palmer GM, Bentley RC, Ramanujam N, “Quantitative physiology of the precancerous cervix in vivo via optical spectroscopy”, Neoplasia. 11(4): 325-332, 2009. Bender JE, Vishwanath K, Moore LK, Brown JQ, Chang V, Palmer, GM, Ramanujam N, "A Robust Monte Carlo Model for the Extraction of Biological Absorption and Scattering in Vivo", IEEE TBME. 56(4): p. 960-8, 2009.Palmer GM, Viola RJ, Schroeder T, Yarmolenko PS, Dewhirst MW, Ramanujam N, “Quantitative diffuse reflectance and fluorescence spectroscopy: tool to monitor tumor physiology in vivo”, Journal of Biomedical Optics 14(2), 2009.Wilke LG, Brown JQ, Bydlon TM, Kennedy SA, Richards LM, Junker M, Gallagher J, Barry WT, Geradts J, Ramanujam N, “Rapid non-invasive optical imaging of tissue composition in breast tumor margins”, American Journal of Surgery 198, 566-574, 2009. Vishwanath K, Yuan H, Barry WT, Dewhirst MD, Ramanujam N, "Using Optical Spectroscopy to Longitudinally Monitor Physiological Changes within Solid Tumors", Neoplasia 11(9): p889-900, 2009. Vishwanath K, Klein D, Chang K, Dewhirst MD, Ramanujam N, "Quantitative optical spectroscopy can identify long term local control in irradiated murine head and neck xenografts," Journal of Biomedical Optics 14(5), 2009. Bender JE, Shang AB, Moretti EW, Yu B, Richards LM, Ramanujam N, “Noninvasive Monitoring of Tissue Hemoglobin Using UV-VIS Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: A Pilot Study”, Optics Express 17(26), 23396-23409, December 2009.Millon SR, Ostrander JH, Yazdanfar S, Brown JQ, Raheja AM, Ramanujam N, "Preferential accumulation of 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX in breast cancer: A comprehensive study on six breast cell lines with varying phenotypes”, Journal of Biomedical Optics, 15(1): 018002, 2010.Bydlon TM, Kennedy SA, Richards LM, Brown JQ, Yu B, Junker MS, Gallagher J, Geradts J, Wilke LG, Ramanujam N, “Performance metrics of an optical spectral imaging system for intra-operative assessment of breast tumor margins”, Optics Express, 19(8), 8058-8076, 2010.Chang VTC, Bean SM, Cartwright PS, Ramanujam N, “CD34 Immunohistochemical Validation of Increased Hemoglobin through Optical Spectroscopy in the Precancerous Cervix”, J Biomed Opt 15(5), October 2010.Fu HL, Yu B, Lo JY, Palmer GM, Kuech TF, Ramanujam N, "A Cost-Effective, Portable, and Quantitative Spectral Imaging System for Application to Biological Tissues", Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 12, pp. 12630-12645, 2010.Ostrander J H, McMahon CM, Lem S, Millon SR, Seewaldt VL, Ramanujam N, “The Optical Redox Ratio Differentiates Breast Cancer Cell Lines Based on Receptor Status”, Cancer Research, 70(11), 4759-4766, 2010.Gill EM, Straseki JA, Rasmussen CA, Liliensiek SJ, Eliceiri KW, Ramanujam N, White JG, Allen-Hoffmann BL, "Visualization of morphological and molecular features associated with chronic ischemia in bioengineered human skin”, Microsc Microanal, 16(2):117-3, April 2010.Phelps JE, Vishwanath K, Chang VTC, Ramanujam N, "Rapid ratiometric determination of hemoglobin concentration using UV-VIS diffuse reflectance at isosbestic wavelengths", Optics Express 18(18), 18779-18792, August 2010.Brown JQ, Bydlon TM, Richards LM, Yu B, Kennedy SA, Geradts J, Wilke LG, Junker M, Gallagher J, Barry W, Ramanujam N, "Optical assessment of tumor resection margins in the breast", IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 12(3) 530-544, 2010.Kennedy SA, Geradts G, Bydlon T, Brown JQ, Gallagher J, Junker M, Barry W, Ramanujam N, Wilke L, “Optical breast cancer margin assessment: an observational study of the effects of tissue heterogeneity on optical contrast”, Breast Cancer Research, 12(6), p.R91, 2010.Fu HL, Yu B, Lo J, Palmer GM, Kuech TF, Ramanujam N, “A low-cost, portable, and quantitative spectral imaging system for application to biological tissues", Optics Express, vol. 18, issue 12, pp. 12630, 2010.Chang VT, Bean SM, Cartwright PS, Ramanujam N, “Visible light optical spectroscopy is sensitive to neovascularization in the dysplastic cervix”, Journal of Biomedical Optics, September 2010.Millon SR, Ostrander JH, Brown JQ, Rajeha AM, Seewaldt VL, Ramanujam N, “Uptake of 2-NBDG as a method to monitor therapy response in breast cancer cell lines”, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 126(1): 55-62, 2011.Vishwanath K, Chang K, Klein D, Chang V, Deng YF, Phelps JE, Ramanujam N, “Portable Fiber Based Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy Systems for Estimating Tissue Optical Parameters”, Applied Spectroscopy, 65(2), 011010-12, 2011.Beumer WH, Vishwanath K, Puscas L, Afshari H, Ramanujam N, and Lee W, “Detection of Squamous Cell Carcinoma and corresponding biomarkers using optical spectroscopy Otolaryngology?Head and Neck Surgery”, 144(3) 390–394, 2011.Yu B, Fu HL and Ramanujam N, “Instrument-Independent Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy”, Journal of Biomedical Optics, vol. 16(1): p. 011010, 2011.Chang VTC, Merisier D, Yu B, Walmer DK, and Ramanujam N, “Towards a field-compatible optical Spectroscopic device for cervical cancer screening in resource-limited settings: effects of calibration and pressure”, Optics Express, 19(19), 17908-17924, 2011.Liu C, Rajaram N, Vishwanath K, Jiang T, Palmer G, Ramanujam N, “Experimental Validation of an Inverse Fluorescence Monte Carlo Model to Extract Concentrations of Metabolically Relevant Fluorophores from Turbid Phantoms and a Murine Tumor Model”, SPIE: Journal of Biomedical Optics 17(7):077012, July 2012.Dhar S, Lo JY, Palmer GM, Brooke MA, Nichols BS, Yu B, Ramanujam N, Jokerst NM, “A diffuse reflectance spectral imaging system for tumor margin assessment using custom annular photodiode arrays”, Biomedical Optics Express, Vol. 3, Issue 12, pp. 3211-3222 (2012) DOI 10.1364/BOE.3.003211, December 2012.Bydlon TM,?Barry WT,?Kennedy SA,?Brown JQ,?Gallagher JE,?Ramanujam N,?“Advancing Optical Imaging for Breast Margin Assessment: An Analysis of Excisional Time, Cautery, and Patent Blue Dye on Underlying Sources of Contrast”,?PLoS ONE?7(12):?e51418.?doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051418, December 2012.Zhong J, Rajaram N, Brizel DM, Frees AE, Ramanujam N, Batinic-Haberle I, Dewhirst MW, “Radiation induces aerobic glycolysis through reactive oxygen species”, Radiotherapy and Oncology, Volume 106, Issue 3, Pages 390–396, DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2013.02.013, March 2013.Lo JY, Brown JQ, Dhar S, Yu B, Jokerst NM, Ramanujam N, “Wavelength optimization for quantitative spectral imaging of breast tumor margins”, PLoS ONE, 8(4): e61767. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061767, April 2013.Mueller J, Harmany Z, Mito K, Kennedy S, Kim Y, Dodd L, Geradts J, Kirsch D, Willett R, Brown Q, Ramanujam N, “Quantitative Segmentation of Fluorescence Microscopy Images of Heterogeneous Tissue: Application to the Detection of Residual Disease in Tumor Margins”, PLoS ONE, 8(6): e66198, June 2013.Brown JQ, Bydlon T, Kennedy SA, Caldwell ML, Gallagher JE, Junker M, Wilke LG, Barry WT, Geradts J, Ramanujam N, “Optical Spectral Surveillance of Breast Tissue Landscapes for Detection of Residual Disease in Breast Tumor Margins”, PLoS ONE, July 2013.Fu H, Mueller J, Javid M, Mito J, Kirsch D, Ramanujam N, Brown Q, “Optimization of a Widefield Structured Illumination Microscope for Non-Destructive Assessment and Quantification of Nuclear Features in Tumor Margins of a Primary Mouse Model of Sarcoma”, PLoS ONE, 8(7): e68868, July 2013.Barrott JJ, Hughes PF, Osada T, Yang XY, Hartman ZC, Loiselle DR, Spector N, Neckers L, Rajaram N, Hu F, Ramanujam N, Vaidyanathan G, Affleck DJ, Zalutsky MR, Lyerly HK and Haystead T, “Optical and radioiodinated tethered Hsp90 inhibitors reveal selective internalization of ectopic Hsp90 in malignant breast tumor cells”, Chemistry and Biology, September 2013.Rajaram N, Frees AE, Fontanella AN, Zhong J, Hansen K, Dewhirst MW, Ramanujam N, "Delivery rate affects uptake of a fluorescent glucose analog in murine metastatic breast cancer", PLoS ONE, 8(10): e76524, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076524, October 2013.Hu F, Vishwanath K, Lo J, Erkanli A, Mulvey C, Lee W, Ramanujam N, “Rapid Determination of Oxygen Saturation and Vascularity for Cancer Detection”, PLoS ONE e82977. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0082977, December 2013. Hu F, Vishwanath K, Wolfgang Beumer H, Puscas L, Afshari HR, Esclamado RM, Scher R, Fisher S, Lo J, Mulvey C, Ramanujam N, Lee WT, “Assessment of the sensitivity and specificity of tissue-specific-based and anatomical-based optical biomarkers for rapid detection of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma”, Oral oncology 50(9):848-856, DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2014.06.015, July 2014.Yu B, Shah A, Wang B, Rajaram N, Wang Q, Ramanujam N, Palmer GM, Dewhirst MW, “Measuring tumor cycling hypoxia and angiogenesis using a side-firing fiber optic probe”, J Biophotonics 7(7):552-564 Jul 2014.Frees AE, Rajaram N, McCachren SS III, Fontanella AN, Dewhirst MW, Ramanujam N, “Delivery-Corrected Imaging of Fluorescently-Labeled Glucose Reveals Distinct Metabolic Phenotypes in Murine Breast Cancer”, PLoS ONE, 9(12): e115529. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0115529, December 2014.Rajaram N, Reesor A, Mulvey C, Frees AE, Ramanujam N, “Non-invasive, simultaneous quantification of vascular oxygenation and glucose uptake in tissue”, PLoS ONE 10(1): e0117132, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117132, January 2015.Bydlon TM, Nachabe R, Ramanujam N, Sterenborg HJCM, Hendriks BHW, “Chromophore based analyses of steady-state diffuse reflectance spectroscopy: current status and perspectives for clinical adoption”, Journal of Biophotonics, 8, No. 1–2, 9–24 (2015) / DOI 10.1002/jbio.201300198, January 2015.Mueller J, Fu H, Mito J, Whitley M, Chitalia R, Erkanli A, Dodd L, Cardona D, Geradts J, Willett R, Kirsch D, Ramanujam N, “A quantitative microscopic approach to predict local recurrence based on in vivo intraoperative imaging of sarcoma tumor margins”, International Journal of Cancer, 137(10): 2403-12. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29611, June 2015.Nichols BS, Schindler CE, Brown JQ, Wilke LG, Mulvey CS, Krieger MS, Gallagher J, Geradts J, Greenup R, von Windheim K, Ramanujam N, “A Quantitative Diffuse Reflectance Imaging (QDRI) System for Comprehensive Surveillance of the Morphological Landscape in Breast Tumor Margins”, PloS ONE, 10, e0127525, June 2015.Dobbs J, Mueller J, Krishnamurthy S, Shin D, Kuerer H, Yang W, Ramanujam N, Richards-Kortum R. "Micro-anatomical quantitative optical imaging: towards automated assessment of breast tissues", Breast Cancer Research, 17: 105. doi: 10.1186/s13058-015-0617-9, August 2015, 17: 105.Lam CT, Krieger MS, Gallagher JE, Asma B, Muasher LC, Schmitt JW, Ramanujam N, "Design of a Novel Low Cost Point of Care Tampon (POCkeT) Colposcope for Use in Resource Limited Settings", PloS ONE, 10(9), doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135869, September 2015.Lazarides A, Whitley M, Strasfeld D, Cardona D, Ferrer J, Mueller J, Fu H, Bartholf DeWitt S, Brigman B, Ramanujam N, Kirsch D, Eward W, "A fluorescence-guided laser ablation system for removal of residual cancer in a mouse model of soft tissue sarcoma", Theranostics, 2016, 6(2): 155-166. Fu HL, Mueller JL, Whitley MJ, Cardona DM, Kirsch DG, Brown JQ, Ramanujam N, “Structured illumination microscopy and a quantitative image analysis for the detection of positive margins in a pre-clinical genetically engineered mouse model of sarcoma”, PLoS one, 2016, 11(1): e0147006.Mueller J, Gallagher J, Chitalia R, Krieger M, Erkanli A, Willett R, Geradts J, Ramanujam N, "Rapid staining and imaging of sub-nuclear features to differentiate between malignant and benign breast tissues at a point-of-care setting", Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 2016. 142: 1475–1486.Kennedy S, Caldwell M, Bydlon T, Mulvey C, Mueller J, Wilke L, Barry W, Ramanujam N, Geradts J. Correlation of breast tissue histology and optical signatures to improve margin assessment techniques. JBO, 2016. 21(6): 066014.Chitalia R, Mueller J, Fu H, Whitley M, Kirsch D, Willett R, Ramanujam N, "Comparison of techniques for the segmentation of fluorescent positive features across microscopy systems", Biomedical Optics Express, 2016. 7(9): 3412-3424.Hu F, Vishwanath K, Salama JK, Erkanli A, Peterson B, Oleson JR, Lee WT, Brizel DM, Ramanujam N, Dewhirst MW, Oxygen and perfusion kinetics in response to fractionatedradiotherapy in FaDu head and neck cancer xenografts are related to treatment outcome, International Journal of Radiation Oncology ? Biology, Physics, 2016. 96(2): 462-469Hu F, Morhard R, Murphy H, Zhu C, Ramanujam N, “Dark field optical imaging reveals vascular changes in a spontaneous hamster cheek pouch model during carcinogenesis”, Biomedical Optics Express, 2016. 7(9). 3247-3261.Mueller J*, Asma B*, Lam C, Krieger M, Asiedu M, Gallagher J, Hariprasad R, Malliga J, Mchome B, Oneko O, Taylor P, Venegas G, Wanyoro A, Muasher L, Schmitt J, Ramanujam N. Evaluation of a point of care tampon (POCkeT) colposcope as a screening device for cervical cancer among international physicians. Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease, 2017. 21(2):112-119. *Authors contributed equally.Nichols B, Llopis A, Palmer GM, McCachren A, Senlik O, Miller D, Brooke MA, Jokerst N, Geradts J, Greenup R, Ramanujam N, "Miniature spectral imaging device for wide-field quantitative functional imaging of the morphological landscape of breast tumor margins," J. Biomed. Opt. 22(2), 026007 (2017), doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.22.2.026007.Asiedu MN, Agudogo J, Krieger MS, Miros R, Proeschold-Bell RJ, Schmitt JW, et al. (2017) Design and preliminary analysis of a vaginal inserter for speculum-free cervical cancer screening. PLoS ONE 12(5): e0177782Morhard R, Nief C, Barrero Castedo C, Hu F, Madonna M, Mueller JL, et al. Development of enhanced ethanol ablation as an alternative to surgery in treatment of superficial solid tumors. Scientific Reports. 2017;7(1):8750. Zhu C*, Martinez A*, Martin H, Li M, Crouch B, Carlson D, Haystead TAJ, Ramanujam N. Near-simultaneous intravital microscopy of glucose uptake and mitochondrial membrane potential, key endpoints that reflect major metabolic axes in cancer. Scientific Reports, 7: 14226. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14226-x ?(*Authors contributed equally.)Crouch B, Murphy H, Belonwu S, Martinez A, Gallagher J, Hall A, Soo MS, Lee M, Hughes P, Haystead T, Ramanujam N. Leveraging ectopic Hsp90 expression to assay the presence of tumor cells and aggressive tumor phenotypes in breast specimens. Scientific Reports. 2017;7(1):17487. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17832-x..Hu F, H Martin, A Martinez, J Everitt, A Erklani, W Lee, M Dewhirst, N Ramanujam. Label-free dark field imaging in a spontaneous hamster cheek pouch model uncovers distinct angiogenic changes during initiation and progression of carcinogenesis. Cancer research 77 (24), 7109-7119, 2017.Lam C, Mueller J, Asma B, Asiedu M, Krieger M, Chitalia R, Dahl D, Schmitt J, Ramanujam N. ?Integrated Strategy for Improving Durability, Contrast, and Portability of the POCkeT Colposcope for Cervical Cancer Screening. PLOS ONE.? 2018, Feb 9. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192530 PMID: 29425225Martinez A, McCachren III S, Lee M, Murphy H, Zhu C, Martin H, Ashcraft K, Dewhirst M, Ramanujam N. Metaboloptics: Visualization of the tumor functional landscape via metabolic and vascular imaging. Scientific Reports. 2018 Mar 8;8(1):4171. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-22480-w.Zhu C, Martin HL, Li M, Crouch BT, Martinez AF, Li M, Palmer GM, Dewhirst MW, Ramanujam N. "Near-simultaneous quantification of glucose uptake, mitochondrial membrane potential, and vascular parameters in murine flank tumors using quantitative diffuse reflectance and fluorescence spectroscopy," Biomed. Opt. Express?9, 2018.Mueller J, Lam C, Dahl D, Asiedu M, Krieger M, Bellido Y, Kellish M, Peters J, Erkanli E, Ortiz E, Muasher L, Taylor P, Schmitt J, Venegas G, Ramanujam N. Portable Pocket colposcopy performs comparably to standard-of-care clinical colposcopy with acetic acid and Lugol’s iodine in Lima, Perú. International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2018. doi: 10.1111/1471‐0528.15326Palmer G, Stevenson D, Zhang H, Lee K, Zhao Y, Windheim J, Lee W, Dewhirst M, Ramanujam N. ?Assessing effects of pressure on tumor and normal tissue physiology using an automated self-calibrated, pressure-sensing probe for diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. ?Journal of Biomedical Optics. Accepted, 2018.Nichols B, Geradts J, Gallagher J, Greenup R, Wilke L, and Ramanujam N. Quantitative Diagnosis and Risk Assessment of Breast Tumor Margins Using Optical Spectroscopy and Machine Learning. Clinical Cancer Research. Under Review, 2018.Madonna MC, Fox DB, Crouch BT, Lee J, Zhu C, Martinez AF, Alvarez JV, Ramanujam N. Optical imaging of glucose uptake and mitochondrial membrane potential to characterize Her2 breast tumor metabolic reprogramming. Molecular Cancer Research. Under Review, 2018.Asiedu MN, Simhal A, Mueller J, Chaudhary U, Lam C, Krieger M, Schmitt JW, Guillermo S, Ramanujam N. Development of algorithms detection of cervical pre-cancers with a low-cost, point-of-care, Pocket Colposcope. Scientific Reports, 2018. Under Review.Crouch B, Gallagher J, Wang R, Duer J, Lam C, Hall A, Soo MS, Hughes P, Haystead T, Ramanujam N. “Exploiting tumor stress reponses to diagnose breast cancer using fluorescence microscopy” Cancer Research. Submitted. Nichols B, Salo D*,McCachren III S, Senlik O, Jokerst N, Brooke MA, and Ramanujam N. An LED-based Miniature Portable Spectral Imaging System for Breast Tumor Margins. Biomedical Optics Express. In preparation.Asiedu MN, Agudogo J, Gallagher J, Krieger M, Schmitt JW, Ramanujam. Clinical validation of a speculum-free imaging device for cervical cancer screening. ?Scientific Reports, 2018. In preparation. Mueller J, Peters J, Cheatham A, Proeschold Bell RJ, Ramanujam N. Teaching human-centered design to solve community relevant challenges through an innovative educational model. Journal of Engineering Education, 2018. In preparation. Morhard R, et al. Use of tissue-mimicking mechanical surrogates to predict injected fluid distribution for local drug delivery. Journal of Biomechanics, 2018. In preparationINVITED ARTICLES AND BOOK CHAPTERSRamanujam N, Mitchell MF, Mahadevan A, Thomsen S, Silva E, Richards-Kortum RR, “Fluorescence spectroscopy: a diagnostic tool for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia, In: Female Genital Tract”, Mill ED, Burns DE, Stoler MH (Eds.), Mosby-Year Book, Chicago IL, 1995.Ramanujam N, Boas DA, Li Y, “Laser spectroscopy and imaging for characterization of tissue, In: Lasers in Surface Engineering”, Dahotre NB (Ed.), ASM International, Materials Park OH, 523-594, 1998. Ramanujam N, “Fluorescence spectroscopy of neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissues”, Neoplasia, 2(1), 1-29, 523-594, 2000.Ramanujam N, “Fluorescence Spectroscopy In Vivo, In: Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry”, Meyers RA (Ed.), John Wiley & Sons, Chichester UK, 1, 20 – 56, 2000.Gill EM, Palmer GM, Ramanujam N, “Steady-state fluorescence imaging of Neoplasia, In: Methods in Enzymology”, Vol. 361, Biophotonics Part B, Marriott G and Parker I (Eds.), 452-481, Academic Press, San Diego CA, 2003.Palmer GM, Ramanujam N, “Diagnosis of breast cancer using optical spectroscopy”, Medical Laser Applications, 18(3), 233-48, 2003.Brown JQ, Vishwanath K, Palmer GM, Ramanujam N, “Advances in quantitative UV-visible spectroscopy for clinical and pre-clinical application in cancer,” Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 20:119-131, 2009.Skala MC and Ramanujam N, “Multiphoton Redox Ratio Imaging for Metabolic Monitoring in vivo in Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress”. Ed. D Armstrong. Vol 594, p. 155-162, 2010.Brown JQ, Bydlon TM, Richards LM, Yu B, Kennedy SA, Wilke LG, Geradts J, Junker M, Gallagher J, Ramanujam N, “Optical assessment of tumor resection margins in the breast,” invited article, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. 12(3), 530-544, 2010.Brown JQ, Vishwanath K, Chang TVC, Ramanujam N, "Clinical Applications of UV-VIS Optical Spectroscopy in Cervix, Head and Neck, and Breast Cancer," in In Vivo Clinical Imaging and Diagnosis, J. Tunnell, ed. 239-285, 2011.Ramanujam N, Vishwanath K, Palmer GM, Brown JQ, “Non-invasive and quantitative sensing of tumor physiology and function via steady-state diffuse optical spectroscopy,” in Biosensors and biodetection technologies for cancer detection, diagnostics and research, edited by Rasooly, A. and Herold, K. CRC Press, 2011.Vishwanath K, Palmer GM, Brown JQ, Ramanujam N, "Non-invasive and quantitative sensing of tumor physiology and function via steady-state diffuse optical spectroscopy," in Biosensors and biodetection technologies for cancer detection, diagnostics and research, Rasooly, A. and Herold, K., ed. 2012.BOOKS1. Handbook of Biomedical Optics, edited by Boas DA, Pitris C, Ramanujam N. (2011), CRC Press.CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGSRamanujam N, Brown J, Bydlon TM, Kennedy SA, Richards LM, Junker MK, Gallagher J, Barry WT, Wilke LG, Geradts J, “Quantitative spectral reflectance imaging device for intraoperative breast tumor marin assessment,” conference proceeding IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2009.Brown JQ, Bydlon TM, Kennedy SA, Geradts J, Wilke LG, Richards LM, Junker M, Gallagher J, Ramanujam N, "Assessment of breast tumor margins via quantitative spectral reflectance imaging," Invited paper, Biomedical Applications of Light Scattering IV, SPIE Photonics West - BIOS Conference Proceedings v. 7573, San Francisco, CA. 2010.Brown JQ, Yu B, Ramanujam N, "Tissue-mimicking phantoms for system calibration and validation in Quantitative Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (Q-DRS)," Design and Performance Validation of Phantoms used in Conjunction with Optical Measurement of Tissue III, SPIE Photonics West - BIOS, San Francisco, CA. 2010.Lo JY, Yu B, Kuech TF, Ramanujam N, "A compact, cost-effective diffuse reflectance spectroscopic imaging system for quantitative tissue absorption and scattering", Proc. of SPIE, Vol. 7890, San Francisco, CA. 2011. Kennedy S, Mueller J, Bydlon T, Brown JQ, Ramanujam N, “Using wide-field quantitative diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in combination with high-resolution imaging for margin assessment,” Proc. SPIE?7890, Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostic Systems IX, 78900C (February?23,?2011); doi:10.1117/12.875735.Chang VTC, Merisier D, Yu B, Walmer D, Ramanujam N, “Calibration Schemes of a Field-compatible Optical Spectroscopic System to Quantify Neovascular Changes in the Dysplastic Cervix,” Proc. of SPIE, Vol. 7890, San Francisco, CA. 2011.Dhar S, Lo JY, Yu B, Tyler T, Brooke MA, Kuech TF, Ramanujam N, Jokerst NM, “A custom wide-field spectral imager for breast cancer margin assessment,” Proceedings of IEEE Photonics Society Annual Meeting, 798-799 (2011).Dhar S, Lo JY, Yu B, Brooke MA, Ramanujam N, Jokerst NM, “Custom annular photodetector arrays for breast cancer margin assessment using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy,” Proceedings of IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems, 440-443 (2011).Harmany Z, Mueller J, Brown Q, Ramanujam N, Willett R, “Tissue quantification in photon-limited microendoscopy,” Applications of Sparse Representations in Bioimaging, SPIE Proceedings Vol. 8138, September 2011. Fu HL, Ramanujam N, and Brown JQ, "Design and development of a wide-field structured illumination fluorescence imaging system for breast tumor margin assessment," in SPIE Photonics West – BIOS, San Francisco, CA, January 2012.Lo JY, Dhar S, Yu B, Brooke MA, Kuech TF, Jokerst NM, Ramanujam N, “Diffuse reflectance spectral imaging for breast tumor margin assessment,” Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 8214, 821407 (2012).Yu B, Shah A, Wang B, Rajaram N, Wang Q, Ramanujam N, Palmer GM, Dewhirst MW, “Monitoring of cycling hypoxia and angiogenesis in FaDu head and neck tumors using a side-firing sensor,” Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE 8578 2013. DOI: 10.1117/12.2002837.Mueller J, Harmany Z, Mito K, Kennedy S, Kim Y, Dodd L, Geradts J, Kirsch D, Willett R, Brown Q, Ramanujam N, “Quantitative segmentation of fluorescence microscopy images of heterogeneous tissue: Approach for tuning algorithm parameters,” Biomedical Spectroscopy, Microscopy, and Imaging, SPIE Photonics West Proceedings Vol. 8587, February 2013.Nichols BS, Lo JY, Dhar SS, Cervia LD, Brooke MA, Jokerst NM, Ramanujam N, “Pressure optimized high-resolution diffuse reflectance spectral imaging for intra-operative margin assessment of breast tissue”, ECI (13AO) Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery, Lake Tahoe, CA, June 5-8, 2013.Frees, AE, Rajaram N, McCachren SS, Vaz A, Dewhirst MW, and Ramanujam N, “Optical monitoring of glucose demand and vascular delivery in a preclinical murine model,” Proc. SPIE 8947, Imaging, Manipulation, and Analysis of Biomolecules, Cells, and Tissues XII, 894705 (2014).Nichols BS, Llopis A, Slenik O, Schindler C, Miller D, Brooke M, Greenup R, Geradts J, Jokerst NM, Ramanujam N, “A Novel Spectral Imaging System for Breast Tumor Margin Assessment”, Gordon Research Conferences, Lasers in Medicine & Biology, Holderness, NH, July 13th-18th, 2014.Nichols BS, Ramanujam N, “Miniature Non- Contact Diffuse Spectral Imaging for Breast Tumor Margin Assessment”, Device Demonstration, NCI-NIBIB Point of Care Technologies for Cancer Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, January 8-10th, 2014. Frees AE, McCachren III SS, Lee M, Murphy HA, Rajaram N, Dewhirst MW, and Ramanujam N. "Hyperspectral Imaging of Glucose Uptake, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, and Vascular Oxygenation Differentiates Breast Cancers with Distinct Metastatic Potential In Vivo", Proc. of Biomedical Optics, OSA Technical Digest CTh4A.6, April 2016.Salo D, Nichols BS, Ramanujam N, “LED Illumination System for the Intraoperative Quantitative Diffuse Reflectance?Imaging of Breast Tissue Morphology” Gordon Research Conferences, Image Science, Easton MA, June 5th – 10, 2016C. Zhu, A. F. Martinez, H. Martin, M. Li, B. Crouch, F, Hu, ?H. Murphy, M. Lee, and Ramanujam N, "Imaging of 2-NBDG and TMRE reveals glucose uptake and mitochondrial membrane potential in dorsal window chamber models," in Optics in the Life Sciences Congress , OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optical Society of America, 2017).Asiedu, M. N., S. Guillermo, and N. Ramanujam. "Low-cost, Speculum-free, Automated Cervical Cancer Screening: Bringing Expert Colposcopy Assessment to Community Health." Annals of Global Health 83.1 (2017): 199.Crouch, B, Duer J, Wang R, Gallagher J, Hall A, Scott Soo M, Hughes P, Haystead A.J T,?Ramanujam. N. "Optimizing fluorescently-tethered Hsp90 inhibitor dose for maximal specific uptake by breast tumors ", Proc. SPIE 10478, Molecular-Guided Surgery: Molecules, Devices, and Applications IV, 1047804 (1 March 2018); doi: 10.1117/12.2285210;INVITED PRESENTATIONSNational and International MeetingsDetection of cervical pre-cancer using optical spectroscopy, BiOS Europe, the Joint Meeting of the European Laser Association and the Biomedical Optics Society, Vienna Austria, September 1996.Redox scanning of pre-cancers and cancers in vitro and in vivo, New York Academy of Sciences, New York NY, April 1997.Application of optical spectroscopy for the detection of pre-cancers and cancers, The Federation of Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy Societies, Providence RI, October 1997.Relationship between intracellular metabolism and intravascular oxygenation as measured by low temperature spectrophotometry, Topical Meeting of the Optical Society of America, Orlando FL, March 1998.Trans-abdominal, near infrared spectroscopy of the fetal brain in utero, Inter-institute Workshop on In Vivo Optical Imaging at the NIH, Bethesda MD, September 1999.Fast and dynamic imaging of biological signals in vivo, Inter-Institute Workshop on In Vivo Optical Imaging at the NIH, Bethesda MD, September 2000.Diagnosis of breast cancer with optical spectroscopy, EMBS-BMEs conference, Houston TX, October 2002.Fiber probe designs for the fluorescence-based diagnosis of epithelial precances, Engineering Conferences International, Banff CA, August 2003.Physically vs. Empirically Based Algorithms for the Diagnosis of breast cancer using optical spectroscopy, BMEs conference, Nashville, TN, October 2003.Sources of optical contrast in biological tissues, OSA Annual Meeting, Tucson, AZ, October 2003.Fluorescence spectroscopy, Topical Meeting of the Optical Society of America, Miami FL, 2004.Model for extracting intrinsic sources of optical contrast for breast cancer detection, Gordon Conference, Meriden, NH, July 2004.Diagnosis of breast cancer using optical spectroscopy, American Chemical Society, Philadelphia PA, August 2004.Optical tools for monitoring tissue function and structure, Radiobiology retreat, Durham, NC, January, 2006.Optical tools for non-invasive assessment of tissue function and structure, Duke Breast Spore Retreat, Pinehurst, NC, March 2006.Optically based technologies for breast cancer detection, DOD Era of Hope Meeting, Baltimore, MD, July 2006.Physiologic, Metabolic, and Structural Alterations in Breast Cancer: Assessment via Optical Technologies, OSA Annual Meeting, Rochester NY, October 2006.Quantifying intrinsic sources of physiological contrast in breast cancer, Invited talk, Optical Society of America, St. Petersburg, FL, March 2008.Shedding light on breast cancer, Plenary talk, DOD Era of Hope Conference. Baltimore, MD, 2008.Accomplishments of the Era of Hope Scholar award, Era of Hope Spotlight session talk DOD Era of Hope Conference. Baltimore, MD, 2008.Shedding light on breast cancer, Invited talk, Gordon Conference, Holderness School. NH Jul 20-25, 2008.Application of photonics to breast cancer, Invited Talk, Hattaras Ventures, June 2009.Translational of photonics to breast cancer applications, Invited Talk, European Conference on Biomedical Optics, Munich, Germany, June 2009.Harnessing the power of light to see and treat breast cancer, Invited Talk, Engineering Conferences International, Burlington, VT, July 2009.Optical imaging of breast tumor margins, Invited Talk, IEEE EMBS, Minnepolis, MN, September 2009.The role of optical spectroscopy in tumor therapy, NIH imaging workshop, Bethesda, MD, 2009.Breast Cancer Therapy, Invited plenary talk, SPIE Photonics West – Bios Hot Topics, San Francisco, CA, 2010 N, “Predicting the Fate of a Cancer Cell”, Gordon conference, Concord, NH, July 2012.Ramanujam N, “Image-Guided Oncologic Surgery,” 54th Annual AAPM IGS Symposium (invited talk Charlotte, NC), August 2012.Ramanujam N, “Intra-operative assessment of Breast Tumor Margins with Optical Spectral Imaging” BMEs conference, Atlanta, GA, October 2012.Ramanujam N, “Simultaneously quanifying tumor oxygenation and glycolysis in vivo via quantitative spectroscopy,” Britton Chance International Symposium on Metabolic Imaging/Spectroscopy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, June 2013 (speaker).Ramanujam N, “Up for the Challenge: Innovation and Global Health,” Duke Forward, Los Angeles, CA, November 2013 (speaker).Ramanujam, N, “Optical Spectroscopy and Spectral Imaging; Examples for Point of Care in Women’s Health “, NIH conference, Bethesda, MD, January 2014 (moderator and speaker).Ramanujam N, “Improving Portability, Resolution and Contrast to Image Breast Tumor Margins,” NCI-NIBIB Point of Care Technologies for Cancer Conference, Bethesda, MD, January 2014 (invited speaker and moderator). Ramanujam N, “Intra-operative optical imaging of breast tumor margins,” SPIE Photonics West, San Francisco, CA, February 2, 2014 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, “Improving Portability, Resolution and Contrast to Image Breast Tumor Margins,” SPIE Photonics West, San Francisco, CA, February 2, 2014 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, “Quantitative Optical Imaging: Translational Opportunities in Oncology,” SPIE Photonics West, San Francisco, CA, February 2, 2014 (invited speaker).Ramanujam, N, “Point-of-Care Optical Technologies for Women’s Health”, Point-of-Care Diagnostics World Congress, San Diego, California, September 2014 (session chair and speaker).Ramanujam N, “Transcending boundaries to create sustainable solutions for women’s health,” Point of Care Diagnostics conference, San Diego, CA, September 2014 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, UN World Women's Health and Development Forum, NY, NY, February 2015 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, ECI conference, Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine, and Surgery XIV, Vail, Colorado, June 2015 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, Point of Care Diagnostics & Global Health Word Congress NIH Conference, San Diego, CA, September 2015.Ramanujam N, 8th Bench to Bedside inter-institute workshop NIH Conference, Bethesda, MD, September 2015.Ramanujam N, Genentech, San Fransico, CA, April 2016. Ramanujam N, OSA Biomedical Optics Congress?Clinical and Translational Biophotonics Conference, Hollywood, FL April 2016 (invited speaker)Ramanujam N, AAPM Conference, Washington DC, August 2016Ramanujam N, “Translational Application of Biophotonics to Women’s Health” World Molecular Imaging Congress, September 2016 Ramanujam N, “Cancer Vaccine High-Tech Detection Imaging” AIMBE Congressional Briefing. Washington DC, September 2016 (invited speaker)Ramanujam N, “Imaging Metabolism and Hypoxia in Beast Cancer” 3rd Annual Birkenhof Symposium in Breast Cancer. Los Angeles, CA October 2016Ramanujam N, “Strategies to Image the Spatiotemporal Molecular and Metabolic Landscape of Breast Cancer” Zing Conference. Tampa, FL November 2016Ramanujam N. Congreso Internacional de Colposcopia y Patologia de Tracto Genital Inferior.Lima, Peru. May 2017. (Invited speaker)Ramanujam N. NIH-IEEE Special Topics Conference on Healthcare Innovations and Point of Care Technologies. Bethesda, MD. November 2017Ramanujam N. “Accessible and Affordable Technologies for the Cancer Care Continuum in the 21st Century” 2018 National Academt of Inventors Annual Conference. Washington D.C. April 2018.Ramanujam N. “Preventing Over Treatment Through Smart Health Technologies” OSA Biomedical Optics Congress?Clinical and Translational Biophotonics Conference, Hollywood, FL April 2018 (invited speaker)Ramanujam N. ?“Preventing cervical cancer in the first mile of the care continuum “ AACR Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL. April 2018Ramanujam N. Lunch Armchair Discussion: The Impact of DOD Funded Research. 2018 Advocate Leadership Summit. Washington D.C. April 2018Ramanujam N. Annual Meeting Program Committee of ISMRM-ESMRMB, Paris, France. June 2018.Institutional Seminars1. Diagnosis of cervical pre-cancers using optical spectroscopy, EPFL, Laussane Switzerland, August 1994.Application of optical spectroscopy in medicine, Electro-Optics Technology Center, Tufts University, Boston MA, November 1997.Fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy, Electro-Optics Technology Center, Tufts University, Boston MA, June 1998.Detection of Cervical pre-cancer using fluorescence spectroscopy, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo OH, August 1998.Detection of cervical cancer using optical spectroscopy, Radiation Oncology Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA, December 1998.Characterization of tissue physiology and patho-physiology using optical spectroscopy, Departmental Grand Rounds, Dept. Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, October 1998.Cervical pre-cancer and cancer detection using fluorescence spectroscopy, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago IL, January 1999.Cervical pre-cancer and cancer detection using fluorescence spectroscopy, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, February 1999.Cervical pre-cancer and cancer detection using fluorescence spectroscopy, Electro-Optics Technology Center, Tufts University, Boston MA, March 1999.Cervical pre-cancer and cancer detection using fluorescence spectroscopy, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, UC Davis, Davis CA, March 1999.Detection of pre-cancer with optical spectroscopy, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, August 2000.Diagnosis of disease using optical spectroscopy, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, October 2000.Optical spectroscopy and imaging of disease, Dept. Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, March 2001.Opportunities in Engineering Conference for undergraduate students, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison WI, 2001.in Engineering Conference for undergraduate students, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison WI, 2002.Optical characterization of disease processes in human tissue, Biological Imaging Seminar series, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, April 2003.Diagnosis of disease using optical methods, Dept. Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, October 2003.Sources of optical contrast in breast cancer, Dept. Electrical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, October 2003.Research and recruiting seminar, Dept. Physics, Gustavus Adolphus College, St. Peter MN. Detection of hypoxia using optical methods, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, February 2004.Exploiting intrinsic sources of optical contrast for cancer detection, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC, March 2004.Exploiting intrinsic sources of optical contrast for cancer detection, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, May 2004.Exploiting intrinsic sources of optical contrast for cancer detection, Wellman Labs, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, June 2004.Sources of intrinsic contrast for cancer diagnosis, WUSAIR symposium, Washington University, St. Louis MO, 2005.Optical technologies for breast cancer detection, Breast Spore retreat, Duke University, Pinehurst, NC, March 2006.Optical spectroscopy: Optical window into tumor physiology, “Seeing is Believing” conference, Duke Univrsity, March 2007.Optical spectroscopy: Optical window into tumor physiology, Seminar, Dept Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, April 2007.Optical spectroscopy: Optical window into tumor physiology, IGERT seminar, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, UT Austin, TX, May 2007.Optical Characterization of Breast Cancer, Invited Seminar. University of Florida. March 2008.Optical Characterization of Breast Cancer, Invited IGERT Seminar, University of Texas, Austin. May 2008.Shedding light on Breast Cancer, Clinical Directions for Molecular Imaging Symposium March 12-13th, Duke University, March 2009.Shedding light on Breast cancer, Board of Visitors talk, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, March 2009.Photonics for Breast Cancer Applications, Radiology seminar, University of Pennsylvania, April 2009.Peering into the biological landscape with light, Duke Rad Onc Imaging Symposium, February 2011.Ramanujam N, “Translation of Optical Technologies to Oncological Applications”, Dept. Biomedcial Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, March 2012.Ramanujam N, “Translation of Optical Technologies to Oncological Applications”, Columbia University, New York, NY, March 2012.Ramanujam N, “Quantitation of tumor hypoxia and glycolysis in vivo” University of Oxford, June 2012.Ramanujam N, “Predicting the Fate of a Cancer Cell”, Gordon conference, Concord, NH, July 2012.Ramanujam N, Image-Guided Oncologic Surgery. 54th Annual AAPM IGS Symposium (invited talk Charlotte, NC), August 2012. Ramanujam N, “Intra-operative assessment of Breast Tumor Margins with Optical Spectral Imaging” BMEs conference, Atlanta, GA, October 2012.Ramanujam N, “Quantitative Optical Imaing: Translational Opportunities in Onclogy,” Dept. Bioenginering, UCSD, San Diego, CA, March 2013 (speaker).Ramanujam N, “Quantitative Optical Imaing: Translational Opportunities in Onclogy,” Moore Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA, March 2013 (speaker).Ramanujam N, “Translational Applications of Photonics in Oncology,” Florida State University, Miami, FL, September 2013 (speaker).Ramanujam N, “Translational Applications of Photonics in Oncology,” Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, November 2013 (speaker).Ramanujam N, “Point of Care Technologies for Women’s Health,” Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, March 2014 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, “Improving Portability, Resolution and Contrast to Image Breast Tumor Margins,” Fitzpatrick Institute of Photonics seminar, Duke University, Durham, NC, March 2014 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, “Transcending Boundaries to Achieve Sustainable Solutions to Women’s Health”, TEDxDuke, Duke University, Durham, NC, March 22, 2014 (speaker).Ramanujam N, “Improving Portability, Resolution and Contrast to Image Breast Tumor Margins,” Radiation Oncology seminar, Duke University, Durham, NC, March 2014 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, “Point of Care Technologies for Women’s Health,” Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, May 2014 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, “Point of Care Technologies for Women’s Health,” University of California System Wide Bioengineering Symposium, Irvine, CA, June 2014 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, “Transcending boundaries to create sustainable solutions for women’s health,” Smith College, Northampton, MA, September 2014 (invited speaker).Ramanujam, N, “Translational Application of Biophotonics to Women’s Health “, 15th Annual Univeristy of California Biomedical Engineering Symposium – UC Irvine, Irvine, California, June 2014.Ramanujam N, “Quantitative Optical Imaging: Translational Opportunities in Oncology,” KCMC Moshi, Tanzania, June 2014 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, Rice University, HHMI Med into Grad (MIG) Program, April 2015 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, Low cost technologies for cervical cancer screening at the community level, ICPO, New Delhi, India, May 2015.Ramanujam N, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, July 2015 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, Low cost technologies for cervical cancer screening at the community level, UTH, Lusaka, Zambia, July 2015.Ramanujam N, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, July 2015.Ramanujam N, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia, August 2015 (invited speaker).Ramanujam N, MACH Conference - Transforming Global Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Symposium, Duke University, Durham, NC, September 2015.Ramanujam N, FOCUS group invited speaker, Duke University, October 2015.Ramanujam N, “Optics-Based Tools for Cancer Care” Photonics Media. June 2017Ramanujam N, Tufts University Seminar. Medford, MA, October 2016Ramanujam N, Tulane University Seminar, New Orelans, LA. August 2017Ramanujam N, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA October 2017Ramanujam N, “Empowering primary care providers with low-cost, high performance innovations – a case-study in cervical cancer prevention” Medx Colloquia Seminar Series, Duke University. Nov. 2017Ramanujam N. ?“Lessons from Entrepreneurial Women” Innovation & Entrepreneurship Initiative’s Annual Women’s Leadership Conference. Duke University. February 2018Ramanujam N. “Women of Inspiration: How the Power of One Can Impact Our World” Women’s History Month, Pratt School of Engineering. March 2018. Ramanujam N. “Point of Care Diagnostics for Breast and Cervical Cancer.” Strategic Training Program in Cancer Research and Technology Transfer (CaRTT), Western University, London, Canada. March 2018.Ramanujam N. “Innovations to accelerate improve access across the cancer care continuum” In-vivo Cellular Molecular Imaging Center Seminar Series. Johns Hopkins University. March 2018Ramanujam N. Pay Less Expect More, JLM Symposium. University of Toronto, Canada. May 2018Ramanujam N. “Optical Metabolic Probes Characterize Tumor Life Cycle Stages” Second Britton Chance International Symposium on Metabolic Imaging and Spectroscopy. State College, PA. June 2018CONTRIBUTED TALKS AND POSTERS AT INTERNATIONAL MEETINGSConference abstractsRamanujam N, Mahadevan A, Follen-Mitchell M, Thomsen S, Richards-Kortum R, “Using fluorescence spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool for cervical dysplasia,” Talk, Lasers '92, Houston, TX, December 1992.Ramanujam N, Mitchell MF, Mahadevan A, Thomsen S, Richards-Kortum RR, “Diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) using fluorescence spectroscopy at colposcopy,” Poster, United Engineering Foundation Conference on Future Directions of Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, Palm Coast, FL, March 1993.Ramanujam N, Jaikumar S, Durkin T, Richards-Kortum R, “Implementation of a model of tissue fluorescence to remove reabsorption and scattering effects from turbid media,” Talk, American Society for Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, New Orleans, LA, April 1993.Ramanujam N, Mitchell MF, Mahadevan A, Thomsen S, Richards-Kortum RR, “Diagnosis of colonic, urinary bladder and cervical dysplasias using fluorescence spectroscopy,” Poster, Quantitative Pathology in Chemoprevention Trials: Standardization and Quality Control of Surrogate Endpoint Biomarker Assays for Colon Breast and Prostate Conference, sponsored by Chemoprevention Investigational Studies Branch, NCI, San Diego, CA, February 1994.Ramanujam N, Mahadevan A, Mitchell MF, Thomsen S, Richards-Kortum R, “Spectroscopic algorithms and their biochemical basis for diagnosing CIN in vivo,” Talk, American Society for Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, Toronto, Canada, April 1994.Ramanujam N, Mahadevan A, Mitchell MF, Thomsen S, Richards-Kortum RR, “Spectroscopic diagnosis of human cervical precancers,” Poster, Gordon Conference: Lasers in Biology and Medicine, Meridan, NH, July 1994.Ramanujam N, Mahadevan A, Mitchell MF, Thomsen S, Richards-Kortum RR, “Fluorescence spectroscopy of the cervix in vivo at multiple excitation wavelengths,” Talk, BiOS Europe International Symposium on Biomedical Optics, Lille, France, September 1994.Ramanujam N, Mahadevan A, Yazdi Y, Richards-Kortum RR, Mitchell MG, Thomsen S, Malpica A, “Fluorescence spectroscopy for screening and diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias,” Talk, Photonics West, San Jose, CA, January 1995.Ramanujam N, Mitchell MF, Mahadevan A, Thomsen S, Malpica A, Wright T, Richards-Kortum RR, “Development of spectroscopic algorithms using fluorescence spectra at multiple excitation wavelengths for the diagnosis of cervical precancer,” Poster, American Association of Cancer Research (AACR), Toronto, Canada, March, 1995.Ramanujam N, Mahadevan A, Mitchell MF, Thomsen S, Malpica A, Wright T, Atkinson N, Richards-Kortum RR, “Development of spectroscopic algorithms for the diagnosis of cervical precancer,” Talk, American Society for Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, San Diego, CA, April 1995.Ramanujam N, Mitchell MF, Mahadevan A, Thomsen S, Malpica A, Richards-Kortum RR, “The diagnosis of cervical precancers in vivo using fluorescence spectroscopy at multiple excitation wavelengths,” Poster, United Engineering Foundation Conference: Future Directions of Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, Snowbird, UT, July 1995.Ramanujam N, Mitchell MF, Mahadevan A, Thomsen S, Malpica A, Richards-Kortum RR, “Diagnosis of human cervical precancer in vivo using fluorescence spectroscopy,” Talk, BiOs Europe International Symposium on Biomedical Optics, Barcelona, Spain, September 1995.Ramanujam N, Mahadevan-Jansen A, Agrawal A, Utzinger-Brunner U, Brookner CM, Follen-Mitchell M, Richards-Kortum R, “Detection of cervical pre-cancer using optical spectroscopy: instrumentation and clinical applications,” Talk, Photonics West, San Jose, CA, January 1997.Ramanujam N, Long H, Chance B, Rode M, Morgan M, Forouzan I, “Feasibility of measuring fetal cerebral blood oxygenation and volume in utero using near infrared spectroscopy,” Talk, BiOS Europe the Joint Meeting of the European Laser Association and the Biomedical Optics Society, Stockholm, Sweden, September 1998.Ramanujam N, Hielscher AH, Vishnoi G, Long H, Rode M, Morgan M, Forouzan, Nioka S, Chance B, “Feasibility of measuring fetal cerebral blood oxygenation and volume using trans-abdominal near infrared spectroscopy,” Talk, Photonics West, San Jose, CA, January 1999.Ramanujam N, Gossage G, Chen J, Richards-Kortum R, Chance B, “Fast and non-invasive fluorescence imaging from biological signals, in vivo using a flying spot scanner,” Poster, Biomedical Topical Meeting of the Optical Society of America, Miami, FL, April 2000.Ramanujam N, Chen J, Gossage K, Richards-Kortum R, Chance B, “Fast and noninvasive imaging from biological signals in vivo,” Talk, Photonics West, San Jose, CA, January 2001.Gill EM, Shapiro L, Allen-Hoffmann L, Ramanujam N, “Fluorescence-based method for quantitative assessment of cancer progression in a squamous cell carcinoma tissue culture model,” Talk, Photonics West, San Jose, CA, January 2001.Quan L, Gill EM, Ramanujam N, “Correlation between the depth of a fluorescent heterogeneity in a turbid medium and the illumination-collection fiber diameter,” Talk, Photonics West, San Jose, CA, January 2001.Palmer GM, Marshek CL, Vrotsos KM Ramanujam N, “Optimal Methods for Fluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance Measurements of Tissue Biopsies,” Talk, Photonics West, San Jose, CA, January 2001.Palmer GM, Keely PJ, Breslin TM, Gilchrist KW, Ramanujam N, “In Vitro Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Using Fluorescence and Reflectance Spectroscopy,” Talk, Photonics West, San Jose, CA, January 2001.Palmer GM, Keely PJ, Breslin TM, Ramanujam N, “Ex vivo Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Using Fluorescence and Reflectance Spectroscopy,” Poster, American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery, Atlanta, GA, April 2002.Palmer GM, Marshek CL, Vrotsos KM, Nimunkar A, Ramanujam N, “Fluorescence Spectroscopy of DMBA Induced Hamster Cheek Pouch Model: Analysis of Fluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance Changes with Disease Progression,” Talk, American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery, Atlanta, GA, April 2002.Palmer GM, Zhu C, Breslin TM, Keely PJ, Xu F, Gilchrist KW, Squirrell JM, White JG, and Ramanujam N,?“Use of auto fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for the diagnosis of breast cancer, ex vivo, and its biological basis,” Poster, Third Inter-Institute Meeting on Diagnostic Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy: The Clinical Adventure.? National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, September 2002.Breslin TM, Xu F, Palmer GM, Zhu C, Gilchrist KW, Ramanujam N, “Auto Fluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance Properties of Malignant and Benign Breast Tissues,” Talk, Society of Surgical Oncology, 56th Annual Cancer Symposium, Los Angeles, CA, March 2003.Gill EM, Malpica A, Alford RE, Nath AR, Follen MF, Richards-Kortum R, Ramanujam N, “Relationship between collagen auto fluorescence of the human cervix and menopausal status,” Talk and Poster, American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery, Anaheim CA, April 2003.Palmer GM, Keely PJ, Breslin TM, Squirrell JM, White JG, Ramanujam N, “Understanding sources of contrast in fluorescence based diagnosis of breast cancer,” Poster, Engineering Conferences International, Banff, Canada August, 2003.Quan Liu, Ramanujam N, “Angled illumination probe for depth-resolved fluorescence measurements from epithelial tissues,” Poster, Engineering Conferences International, Banff Canada, August 2003.Skala MS, Squirrell J, Vrotsos KM, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Elicieri K, Ramanujam N, “Depth-resolved fluorescence imaging of neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissues,” Talk, American Society for Lasers Surgery and Medicine, Dallas TX, April 2004.Skala MS, Squirrell J, Vrotsos KM, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Eickhoff J, Elicieri K, Ramanujam N, “Multiphoton Imaging of Endogenous Fluorescence in Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic Epithelial Tissues,” Talk, OSA Topical Meeting, Miami FL, April 2004.Lubawy C, Ramanujam N, “ear Infrared Photon Migration Optic Probe for Improving Breast Core Needle Biopsy,” Talk, OSA Topical Meeting, Miami FL, April 2004.Palmer GM, Liu Q, Zhu C, Breslin TM, Xu F, and Gilchrist KW, Ramanujam N, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model of diffuse reflectance for determination of UV-VIS optical properties and its application to breast cancer diagnosis,” Talk, OSA Topical Meeting, Miami FL, April 2004.Gill EM, Ivarie C, Squirrell J, Allen-Hoffmann L, Ramanujam N, “Imaging collagen in a dermal equivalent using multi-photon microscopy,” Talk, OSA Topical Meeting, Miami FL, April 2004.Choe R, Durduran T, Guoqiang Y, Nijland MJM, Chance B, Yodh A, Ramanujam N, “Transabdominal near infrared fetal brain oximetry,” Talk, OSA Topical Meeting, Miami FL, April 2004.Skala MS, Squirrell J, Vrotsos KM, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Eickhoff J, Elicieri K, Ramanujam N, “Multiphoton Microscopy of Endogenous Fluorescence Detects Differences Between Normal, Pre-Cancerous and Cancerous Squamous Epithelial Tissues,” Poster, Gordon Conference, Meriden NH, July 2004.Zhu C, Palmer GM, Breslin TM, Xu F, Ramanujam N, “Fluorescence Spectroscopic Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Using a Multi-Separation Fiber Optic Probe,” Poster, Gordon Conference, Meriden NH, July 2004.Liu Q, Ramanujam N, “Experimental proof of feasibility of using an angled fiber-optic probe for depth-sensitive fluorescence spectroscopy of turbid media,” Poster, Gordon Conference, Meriden NH, July 2004.Zhu C, Palmer GM, Breslin TM, Harter J, Ramanujam N, “The use of a multi-separation probe for optical diagnosis of breast cancer,” Annual Meeting of the Optical Society of America, Rochester, NY, October 2004.Quan L, Ramanujam N, “Experimental proof of using an angled fiber-optic probe for depth-sensitive fluorescence spectroscopy of turbid media,” Annual Meeting of the Optical Society of America, Rochester, NY, October 2004.Gill EM, Ivarie CA, Eliceiri KW, Ramanujam N, Allen-Hoffmann L, “Assessment of an in vitro human model of stromal invasion using second harmonic generation and multiphoton microscopy,” AACR Annual Meeting, April 2005.Skala MC, Riching KM, Bird DK,?Vrotsos KM, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Eliceiri KW,?Ramanujam N, “In vivo Multiphoton Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy of NADH in Normal and Pre-Cancerous Epithelial Tissues,” Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery, Engineering Conferences International, Copper Mountain, Colorado, July 2005.Palmer, GM, and Ramanujam N, “Use of genetic algorithms to optimize fiber optic probe design”, Poster Presentation, Engineering Conferences International, Copper Mountain, CO, July, 2005.Liu Q, Ramanujam N, “A method for estimation of optical properties of two-layered media in the UV-Visible spectrum,” Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery, Engineering Conferences International, poster session, Copper Mountain, Colorado, July 24-28, 2005.Yu B, Lubawy C, Zhu C, Burnside E, Sisney G, Ramanujam N, “Fiber Optic Probe Based-on Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Improving the Accuracy of Breast Core Needle Biopsy,” invited poster presentation at the Annual NIBIB Grantee Meeting, August 8-9, 2005, Washington, DC.Skala MC, Riching KM, Bird DK, Vrotsos KM, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Eliceiri KW, Ramanujam N, “In vivo Multiphoton Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of Free and Protein-Bound NADH in Normal and Pre-Cancerous Epithelia,” Oral presentation, Optical Society of America: Biomedical Topical Meeting, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, March 2006.Liu Q, Ramanujam N, "Sequential Estimation of Optical Properties of a Two-Layered Epithelial Tissue Model from Depth-Sensitive Ultraviolet-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectra," Optical Society of America: Biomedical Topical Meeting, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, March 2006.Palmer GM, Ramanujam N, “Use of genetic algorithms to optimize fiber optic probe design for the extraction of tissue optical properties,” Optical Society of America: Biomedical Topical Meeting 2006.Palmer GM, Ramanujam N, “Monte Carlo based model of fluorescence: theory and application to breast cancer diagnosis,” Optical Society of America: Biomedical Topical Meeting, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, March 2006.Zhu C, Burnside ES, Sisney GA, Harter JM, Ramanujam N, "In vivo Fluorescence Spectroscopy during Breast Core Needle Biopsy," Optical Society of America: Biomedical Topical Meeting, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, March 2006.Chiles SR, Roldán-Pérez KM, Riching KM, Palmer GM, Ramanujam N, "Effect of Optical Clearing Agents on the Optical Properties of Squamous Epithelial Tissue," American Society for Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, Boston MA, April 2006.Roldan-Perez KM, Chiles SR, Riching KM, Eliceiri KW, Ramanujam N, "Effect of Optical Clearing Agents on the Morphology of Squamous Epithelial Tissues," American Society of Laser Medicine and Surgery: Basic Science Meeting, Boston MA, April 2006.Skala MC, Riching KM, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Eliceiri KW, and Ramanujam N, “In vivo multiphoton microscopy of metabolic oxidation-reduction states and NADH fluorescence lifetimes in normal and pre-cancerous epithelia,” Gordon Research Conference: Lasers in Medicine & Biology, Plymouth, NH (2006). Burnside ES, Zhu C, Sisney GA, Salkowski LR, Ramanujam N, “Optical Spectroscopic Discrimination of Malignant and Non-malignant Breast Tissues during Core Needle Biopsy,” RSNA 92nd Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, Nov. 25-Dec. 1, 2006.Brown JQ, Ramanujam N, "Physiologic, structural, and metabolic alterations in breast cancer: Assessment via optical technologies," Invited presentation, OSA Annual Meeting FiO 2006/LS XXII, Rochester, NY, October 12, 2006.Skala MC, Riching KM, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Eliceiri KW, Ramanujam N, “In vivomultiphoton microscopy of metabolic oxidation-reduction states and fluorescence lifetimes in normal and pre cancerous epithelia,” Oral presentation. European Optical Society: Biomedical Topical Meeting: Paris, France, October, 2006.Skala, MC, “Metabolic imaging of neoplasia,” Invited presentation. Biomedical Optics Seminar, Imperial College London, UK, October 2006.Skala MC, Riching KM, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Eliceiri KW, Ramanujam N, “In vivo multiphoton microscopy of metabolic oxidation-reduction states and fluorescence lifetimes in normal and pre cancerous epithelia,” Oral presentation, SPIE Photonics West: BiOS Biomedical Optics, San Jose, CA, January 2007.Liu Q, Ramanujam N, “A scaling Monte Carlo method for diffuse reflectance computation from multi-layered media,” Oral Presentation, SPIE Photonics West: BiOS Biomedical Optics, San Jose, CA, January 2007.Brown JQ, Wilke LG, Geradts J, Tochacek L, Kennedy S, Palmer G, Ramanujam N, "Intraoperative assessment of breast physiology via in vivo optical biopsy: Potential for cancer diagnostics," Oral presentation, Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center Annual Meeting 2007, Durham, NC, March 12, 2007.Brown JQ, Wilke LG, Geradts J, Tochacek L, Palmer GM, Ramanujam N, "Intraoperative assessment of breast physiology via in vivo optical biopsy: Potential for cancer diagnostics," AACR Annual Meeting 2007, Los Angeles, CA, April 14-18, 2007.Brown JQ, Kennedy S, Palmer G, Wilke LG, Geradts J, Ramanujam N, “Intraoperative assessment of breast tissue via in vivo optical biopsy:? A window into breast physiology”, Engineering Conferences International: Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery. Naples, FL, June 2007.Millon SR, Provenzano PP, Elicieri KW, Brown JQ, Keely PJ, Ramanujam N, "Imaging of ALA-induced PpIX in normal and malignant breast cells," Engineering Conferences International: Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery. Naples, FL, June 2007.Skala MC, Riching KM, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Eliceiri KW, Ramanujam N, “In vivo multiphoton microscopy of metabolic oxidation-reduction states and fluorescence lifetimes in normal and pre-cancerous epithelia,” Poster presentation. Engineering Conferences International: Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery. Naples, FL, June 2007.Chang V, Cartwright P, Bean S, Ramanujam N, "Quantitative Physiology of the Precancerous Cervix In Vivo via Optical Spectroscopy," Oral presentation, OSA Frontiers, CA, San Jose, Sept. 16-20, 2007. Brown JQ, Wilke LG, Geradts J, Kennedy S, Palmer GM, Ramanujam N, "Intraoperative in vivo reflectance spectroscopy for discrimination of normal, benign, and malignant breast tissues,” Poster presentation, 2007 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, December 12-16, 2007, San Antonio, TX.Yu B, Fu H, Bydlon T, Bender J, Ramanujam N, “A Self-Calibrating Fiber Optic Probe for Tissue Optical Spectroscopy,” CLEO 2008, San Jose, CA, May, 2008.Lo JY, Yu B, Palmer GM, Kuech TF, Ramanujam N, “A Miniature Optical Device for Non-invasive, Fast Characterization of Tumor Pathology,” Optical Society of America, Biomedical Optics Topical Meeting, St. Petersburg, FL, March 2008.Bender JE, Moore LK, Vishwanath KV, Ramanujam N, "Factors Influencing the Accuracy of Determining Tissue Physiology Quantitatively Using Optical Spectroscopy," Optical Society of America: Biomedical Optics Topical Meeting, St. Petersburg, FL, March, 2008.Vishwanath K, Yuan H, Moore L, Bender J, Dewhirst M, Ramanujam N, "Longitudinal Monitoring of 4T1-Tumor Physiology in vivo with Doxorubicin Treatment via Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy," Optical Society of America: Biomedical Optics Topical Meeting, St. Petersburg, FL, March, 2008.Brown JQ, Kennedy SA, Bydlon T, Palmer GM, Geradts J, Wilke LG, Ramanujam N, "Quantitative optical spectroscopy: Impacting patient care on multiple levels," 2008 BMES Annual Fall Meeting, St. Louis, MO. October 2008.Brown JQ, Bydlon TM, Kennedy SA, Richards LM, Junker MS, Palmer GM, Geradts J, Wilke LG, Ramanujam N, "Intraoperative optical breast tissue characterization device for tumor margin assessment," Abstract #801, San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, San Antonio, TX. December 2008.Kennedy S, Bydlon T, Brown JQ, Richards L, Junker M, Palmer G, Yu B, Zhu C, Geradts J, Wilke LG, Ramanujam N,?“Optically-based Ex Vivo Breast Tumor Margin Assessment: Preliminary Results and Comparison to In Vivo Tissue Parameters,” NIBIB Training Grantees meeting.? June 19-20, 2008.Million SRC, Ostrander JH, Brown JQ, Ramanaujam N,?“Fluorescence analysis of the effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid on the PpIX induced fluorescence of normal and malignant breast cell lines,”? NIBIB Training Grantees Meeting. Bethesda, MD. June 2008.Brown JQ, Kennedy SA, Bydlon TM, Palmer GM, Geradts J, Wilke LG, Ramanujam N, "Quantitative optical spectroscopy: Impacting patient care on multiple levels," 2008 BMES Annual Fall Meeting, St. Louis, MO. October 2008.Millon SRC, Ostrander JH, Brown JQ, Ramanujam N, “Uptake of 2-NBDG in breast cancer cell lines as a possible method to monitor therapy response in vitro and in vivo,” 2009 Engineering Conference International: Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery, Burlington, VT. June 2009.Bydlon TM, Kennedy SA, Brown JQ, Richards LM, Junker M, Wilke LG, Geradts J, Barry W, Ramanujam N, “Optical Assessment of Ex-vivo Tumor Margins During Breast Conserving Surgery,” American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering Annual Event. Washington, D.C. February 2009.Chang V, Bean S, Cartright P, Ramanujam N, “In Vivo Monitoring of Angiogenesis in Cervical Epithelial Precancers – Validation of Optical Spectroscopic Contrasts with Immunohistochemistry,” ECI – Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine, and Surgery, Burlington, VT. July 2009.Yu B, Fu H and Ramanujam N, “UV-visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy with a Self-Calibrating Fiber Optic Probe,” ECI Conference on Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery XI Clinical Challenges and Research Solutions, June 28 - July 2, 2009, Burlington, Vermont, USA (Best Poster Award).Bender JE, Yu B, Richards LM, Shang AB, E. Moretti EW, Ramanujam N, “Noninvasive Monitoring of Blood Loss using Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: A Preliminary Patient Study,” Engineering Conferences International: Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine, and Surgery XI, Burlington, VT, June 2009.Bydlon TM, Brown JQ, Barry WT, Geradts J, Wilke LG, Kennedy SA, Richards LM, Junker MK, Ramanujam N,?“Rapid optical imaging of breast tumor margins: final results from a 100-patient clinical study,”? San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium.? San Antonio, TX.? December 2009.Bydlon TM, Ramanujam N, “Preliminary Clinical Results Using an Optical Device to Image Breast Tumor Margins,”?Duke Graduate Research Conference.? Durham, NC.? April 2010.Brown JQ, "Assessment of breast tumor margins via quantitative spectral reflectance imaging," Invited talk, SPIE Photonics West 2010, San Francisco, CA.Brown JQ, Mueller J, Bydlon TM, Kennedy SA, Geradts J, Barry WT, Wilke LG, Junker M, Gallagher J, Kirsch D, Ramanujam N, "Optical technologies for intra-operative detection of residual cancer in breast conserving surgery (BCS)," NSF Advances in Breast Cancer Workshop, University of Arkansas, October 2010.Kennedy SA, Geradts J, Bydlon TM, Brown JQ, Gallagher J, Junker M, Barry W, Wilke L, Ramanujam N, “Optical Breast Cancer Margin Assessment: An Observational Study of the Effects of Tissue Heterogeneity on Optical Contrast,” Gordon Conference, Meridan, NH, July 2010.Bydlon TM, Kennedy SA, Brown JQ, Gallagher JE, Junker MS, Barry WT, Geradts J, Ramanujam N, Wilke LG, "Effect of Patient Characteristics on the Optical Properties of Breast Tumor Margins," Fitzpatrick Institute of Photonics - Annual Meeting. Durham, NC, October 2010.Bydlon TM, Kennedy SA, Brown JQ, Gallagher JE, Junker MS, Barry WT, Geradts J, Ramanujam N, Wilke LG, "Effect of Patient Characteristics on the Optical Properties of Breast Tumor Margins," American Society of Clinical Oncology - Breast Cancer Symposium. National Harbor, MD, October 2010.Mueller J, Ramanujam N, “Innovation for Global Health: Leveraging Advances in Technology,” Invited talk, Clinton Global Initiative University conference, University of Miami, April 2010.Vishwanath K, Dewhirst MW, Oleson J, Ramanujam N, “Longitudinal monitoring of functional changes in irradiated head and neck tumors using optical spectroscopy,” in American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 78 (3): p. S118-S118 (2010).Lo JY, Yu B, Kuech TF, Ramanujam N, "A compact, cost-effective diffuse reflectance spectroscopic imaging system for quantitative tissue absorption and scattering," Oral Presentation. SPIE Photonics West, Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostics Systems IX (2011), San Francisco, CA.Kennedy S, Mueller J, Bydlon T, Brown JQ, Ramanujam N, “Using wide-field quantitative diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in combination with high-resolution imaging for margin assessment,” Oral Presentation. SPIE Photonics West, Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostics Systems IX (2011). San Francisco, CA.Vishwanath K., Salama J, Walter L, Dewhirst MW, and Ramanujam N, “Non-invasive longitudinal assessment of tumor oxygenation in-vivo in irradiated head and neck human cancers using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy,” in ECI conference Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery XII, 2011.Chang VTC, Merisier D, Yu B, Walmer D, Ramanujam N, “Calibration Schemes of a Field-compatible Optical Spectroscopic System to Quantify Neovascular Changes in the Dysplastic Cervix,” Oral Presentation, SPIE BiOS 2011, San Francisco, CA.Brown JQ, Mueller J, Mito J, Harmany Z, Kirsch D, Willett R, Geradts J, Ramanujam N, “High-resolution vital fluorescence imaging for in vivo detection of microscopic residual disease in cancer surgery,” European Conferences on Biomedical Optics, Munich, Germany. ?May 2011.Yu B., Brown JQ, Lo JY, Bydlon TM, Fu HL, Kennedy SA, Junker M, Kuech TF, Geradts J, Wilke LG and Ramanujam N, “Quantitative Spectral Imaging for Intraoperative Breast Tumor Margin Assessment,” European Conference on Biomedical Optics 2011, 22 - 26 May 2011, Munich, Germany (invited talk).Yu B, Palmer GM, Wang B, Shah A, Vishwanath K and Ramanujam N, “Monitoring of Head and Neck Tumor Physiology in Response to Hyperoxia using a Side-firing Fiber Optic Probe,” European Conference on Biomedical Optics 2011, 22 - 26 May 2011, Munich, Germany (poster presentation).Rajaram N,?Frees AE,?Jiang TT, Millon SR, Fontanella AN, Dewhirst MW and Ramanujam N, “Optical imaging of tumor metabolic response to hypoxia,” ECI Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery, Naples, FL, June 5-8, 2011 – Oral Presentation and Poster. (Selected as 1 of only 6 ‘Hot Topics’ talks from over 55 submitted poster abstracts and awarded Best Talk).Mueller J, Harmany Z, Mito J, Kennedy S, Kim Y, Geradts J, Kirsch D, Willett R, Ramanujam N, Brown JQ, “High resolution vital fluorescence imaging and analysis of tumor microanatomy for surgical margin assessment,” Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine, and Surgery XII, Engineering Conferences International, Naples, FL, June 2011 (poster presentation).Bydlon TM, Brown JQ, Kennedy SA, Gallagher J, Junker M, Barry WT, Geradts J, Wilke LG, Ramanujam N, “Effects of Radiographic Breast Density on the Optical Properties of Treatment Naive Breast Tissue Margins,” ECI – Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery XII. Naples, FL. June 2011 (poster presentation).Frees A,?Rajaram N, Jiang T, Millon S, Dewhirst M, Ramanujam N, "Utilizing 2-NBDG Fluorescence to Study Hypoxia-Induced Changes in?Breast Cancer Glycolysis,"?Engineering Conferences International: Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery XII, Naples, FL, June 2011. (Received Best Poster Award).Mueller J, Harmany Z, Mito J, Kennedy S, Kim Y, Geradts J, Kirsch D, Willett R, Ramanujam N, Brown JQ, “Sparse decomposition as a tool for quantitative pathology. Duke Workshop on Sensing and Analysis of High-Dimensional Data (SAHD),” Duke University, Durham, NC, July 2011 (poster presentation).Mueller J, Kennedy S, Harmany Z, Mito J, Kim Y, Geradts J, Kortum R, Kirsch D, Willett R, Ramanujam N, Brown JQ, “High resolution vital fluorescence imaging of tumor microanatomy for surgical margin assessment,” Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program Era of Hope Meeting, Orlando FL, August 2011 (poster presentation).Rajaram N, Frees AE, Jiang TT, Millon SR, Fontanella AN, Dewhirst MW and Ramanujam N, “Effect of intermittent hypoxia on vascular oxygenation and tumor glycolytic demand in preclinical breast cancer models,” Department of Defense Era of Hope Conference, Orlando, FL, Aug 2-5, 2011.Mueller J and Ramanujam N, “High resolution vital fluorescence imaging of tumor microanatomy for surgical margin assessment,” Intraoperative Imaging: Defining the Cutting Edge, Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program Era of Hope Meeting, Orlando FL, August 2011 (oral presentation).Yu B, Chang V, Shah A, Merisier D, Walmer D and Ramanujam N, “A smart fiber optic sensor for detection of oral and cervical cancer in developing world,” NIH/NCI Cancer Detection and Diagnostics Technologies for Global Health Conference, August 22-23, 2011 at the NIH Campus. (poster and technology demo).Lo JY, Dhar S, Yu B, Brooke MA, Jokerst NM, Ramanujam N, “Design of a compact, low-cost spectroscopic imaging system for quantitative tissue absorption and scattering,” NIH/NCI Cancer Detection and Diagnostics Technologies for Global Health Conference, August 22-23, 2011 at the NIH Campus.Lo JY, Dhar S, Yu B, Brooke MA, Kuech TF, Jokerst NM, Ramanujam N, "Diffuse reflectance spectral imaging for breast tumor margin assessment," Oral Presentation. SPIE Photonics West, Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostics Systems X (2012). San Francisco, CA.Fu H, Mueller J, Javid M, Harmany Z, Willett R, Kirsch D, Ramanujam N, Brown JQ, “A wide-field structured illumination microscopy system for segmentation and quantification of cell nuclei in surgical margin assessment demonstrated in a preclinical murine sarcoma model,” SPIE Photonics West, San Francisco, CA, February 2012. Frees A, Rajaram N, Dewhirst M, Ramanujam N, “Effects of the Hypoxic Stress on Breast Cancer Metabolism and Redox Status," Keystone?Symposium on Cancer and Metabolism, Banff, Alberta, Canada, February 2012.Hu F, VIshwanath K, Phelp JE, Lo JY, Lee W.T, Ramanujam N, “Rapid Determination of Tissue Hemoglobin Concentration and Oxygen Saturation of Head and Neck Cancers for Global Health Applications,” Oral Presentation, OSA Biomedical Optics, Miami, Florida, May 2012.Rajaram N, Frees AE, Zhong J, Dewhirst MW and Ramanujam N, “Molecular imaging of spatiotemporal glucose demand in tumors in vivo,” Gordon Research Conference on Lasers in Medicine and Biology. Holderness, NH, Jul 22-27, 2012.Mueller J, Harmany Z, Mito K, Kennedy S, Kim Y, Dodd L, Geradts J, Kirsch D, Willett R, Brown Q, Ramanujam N, “Quantitative segmentation of fluorescence microscopy images of heterogeneous tissue: Application to the detection of residual disease in tumor margins”, SPIE Photonics West, San Francisco, CA, February 2013.Hu F, Vishwanath K, Beumer W, Puscas L, Afshari H, Esclamado R, Scher R, Fisher S, Ramanujam N, Lee W. “Tissue-Specific Assessment of Physiological and Morphological Biomarkers Enables Rapid Detection of Human Head and Neck Cancer for Global Health” Annual Alliance for Surgery and Anesthesia Presence (ASAP) Durham, NC, August 2013.Mueller J, Oh A, Brown Q, Ramanujam N, Willett R, “Quantitative Tissue Characterization in Fluorescence Microscopy”, Forty-Seventh Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, & Computers, Pacific Grove, CA, November 2013. Rajaram N, Frees AE, Dewhirst MW, Ramanujam N, “Delivery rate affects glucose uptake in tumors”, Britton Chance Centennial Symposium on Metabolic Imaging and Spectroscopy, June 18-19, 2013, Philadelphia, PA.Rajaram N, Ramanujam N, “Optical Imaging and spectroscopy of tumo bioenergetics in vivo to interpret response to therapy”, Biomedical Engineering Society, Seattle, WA, September 2013.Hu F, Vishwanath K, Beumer H, Puscas L, Afsharid H, Esclamado R, Scher R, Fisher S, Lo J, Mulvey C, Ramanujam N, Lee W, “Tissue specific-based assessment of physiological and morphological biomarkers enables rapid detection of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma”, Oral Oncology, submitted October 2013.Nichols BS, Lo JY, Dhar SS, Cervia LD, Brooke MA, Jokerst NM, Ramanujam N, “Pressure optimized high-resolution diffuse reflectance spectral imaging for intra-operative margin assessment of breast tissue”, ECI (13AO) Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine and Surgery, Lake Tahoe, CA, June 5-8, 2013.Frees, AE, Rajaram N, McCachren SS, Vaz A, Dewhirst MW, Ramanujam N, “Optical monitoring of glucose demand and vascular delivery in a preclinical murine model”, Proc. SPIE 8947, Imaging, Manipulation, and Analysis of Biomolecules, Cells, and Tissues XII, 894705, 2014.Nichols BS, Ramanujam N, “Miniature Non- Contact Diffuse Spectral Imaging for Breast Tumor Margin Assessment”, Device Demonstration, NCI-NIBIB Point of Care Technologies for Cancer Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, January 8-10, 2014.Lam CT, Hu FY, Nichols BS, Krieger MS, Oneko O, Schmitt JW, Ramanujam N, “Towards a viable solution for early precancerous cervical lesion detection for remote and limited resource settings- a digital tampon applicator inspired automated digital colposcope for self-examination”, NCI-NIBIB Point of Care Technologies for Cancer Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, January 8-10, 2014.Nichols BS, Llopis A, Slenik O, Schindler C, Miller D, Brooke M, Greenup R, Geradts J, Jokerst NM, Ramanujam N, “A Novel Spectral Imaging System for Breast Tumor Margin Assessment”, Gordon Research Conferences, Lasers in Medicine & Biology, Holderness, NH, July 13-18, 2014.Mueller J, Fu H, Mito J, Javid M, Harmany Z, Dodd L, Willett R, Kirsch D, Brown Q, Ramanujam N, “Quantitative high-resolution fluorescence imaging for in vivo detection of residual disease during cancer surgery”, NCI-NIBIB Point of Care Technologies for Cancer Conference, Bethesda, MD, January 2014. Mueller J, Fu H, Javid M, Kirsch D, Willett R, Brown Q, Ramanujam N, “Structured Illumination Fluorescence Imaging and Analysis for Identification of Residual Disease during Cancer Surgery”, Biomedical Optics (BIOMED) Topical Meeting, Miami, FL, April 2014.Lam CT, Ramanujam N, "Design and Quantitative Evaluation of a Novel Low Cost Trans-Vaginal Digital Colposcope for use in Resource-Limited Settings", Oral Presentation at Unite for Sight Global Health and Innovation Conference 2015, in New Haven, CT, March 29, 2015.Frees AE, McCachren SS, Rajaram N, Dewhirst MW, Ramanujam N, “Optical toolbox for in vivo analysis of glucose uptake, vascular oxygenation, and mitochondrial membrane potential in breast cancer”, AACR Special Conference: Metabolism and Cancer, Bellevue, WA, June 7-10 2015 (poster presentation).Crouch BT, Murphy HA, Haystead T, Ramanujam N, "A Novel 'See-and-Treat' Paradigm for Breast Cancer Using Fluorescently-Tethered Hsp90 Inhibitors", ECI (15AO) Advances in Optics for Biotechnology, Medicine, and Surgery XIV, Vail CO, June 14-17 2015.Hu F, Liu H, Everitt J, Farsiu S, Ramanujam N, “Label-free vascular imaging in a spontaneous hamster cheek pouch carcinogen model for pre-cancer detection”, SPIE Photonics West, San Francisco, CA, February 2016.Frees AF, McCachren III SS, Lee M, Murphy HA, Rajaram N, Dewhirst MW, and Ramanujam N. "Hyperspectral Imaging of Glucose Uptake, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, and Vascular Oxygenation Differentiates Breast Cancers with Distinct Metastatic Potential In Vivo." Oral presentation?CTh4A.6. Cancer Imaging and Therapy Conference, OSA Biomedical Optics Congress,?Hollywood, Florida, April 2016.Morhard R, Barrero Castedo C, Katz D, Ramanujam N “Improving Intratumoral Drug Delivery for Cervical Cancer Treatment in Resource-Limited Settings. Gordon Research Conference, Drug Carriers in Medicine and Biology, Waterville Valley, New Hampshire, August 2016.Mueller J, Cheatham A, Peters J, Hussain N, Proeschold Bell RJ, Ramanujam N. Integrating human centered design and global service learning to increase retention of women in engineering. Ashoka U Exchange, 2017.C. Zhu, A. F. Martinez, H. Martin, M. Li, B. Crouch, F, Hu,??H. Murphy,?M. Lee,?and Ramanujam N, "Imaging of 2-NBDG and TMRE reveals glucose uptake and mitochondrial membrane potential in dorsal window chamber models," in?Optics in the Life Sciences Congress?, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optical Society of America, 2017), paper OmS2D.1. OSA Biophotonics Congress: Optics in the Life Sciences, San Diego, CA. April 2017. (poster presentation)Asiedu?M. N., Agudogo J, Simhal A., Krieger M., Schmitt JW,?Sapiro G., Ramanujam N “Low-cost, Speculum-free, Automated Cervical Cancer Screening: Bringing Expert Colposcopy Assessment to Community Health.” Consortium of Universities for Global Health (CUGH)?Annual Conference, Washington, DC. April 2017. (poster presentation)Schmitt J, Venegas G, Mchome B, Oneko O, Lam C, Mueller J, Krieger M, Kellish M, Ramanujam N, Taylor P. Comparison of a portable “POCkeT” colposcope with state of the art cervical screening in the U.S., Peru, and Tanzania. IFCPC World Congress for Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy, 2017.Mueller J, Lam C, Kellish M, Peters J, Asiedu M, Krieger M, Gallagher J, Erkanli A, Ortiz E, Muashe L, Taylor P, Mchome B, Oneko O, Venegas G, Schmitt J, Ramanujam N. Clinical evaluation of a portable Pocket colposcope for cervical cancer screening in the United States, Perú, and Tanzania. IEEE-NIH Healthcare Innovations and Point of Care Technology (HI-POCT), 2017.Morhard, R., Katz, D., Ramanujam, N. “Design of a Low-Cost Tunable Mechanical Surrogate for the Optimization of Superficial Tumor Injections.” IEEE-NIH Conference on healthcare Innovation and Point-of-Care Technologies. Bethesda, MD, 6-8 November 2017Lam C, Crouch B, Mueller J, Haystead T, Ramanujam N. Development of a Modular Fluorescent Pocket Colposcope for Cervical Cancer Screening. Poster at the?IEEE-NIH Healthcare Innovations and Point of Care Technology (HI-POCT), Nov. 7th 2017?in Bethesda, MD.??Madonna M, Fox D, Lee J, Alvarez A, Ramanujam N. Optical Imaging Reveals Metabolic Phenotypes of Breast Cancer Dormancy and Recurrence. Keystone Symposium. Snowbird, Utah. Jan. 2018. (poster presentation).Crouch B, Duer J, Wang R, Gallagher J, Hall A, Soo MS, Hughes P, Haystead T, Ramanujam N. A Clinical Assay to Quantify HSP90 Expression on Breast Cancer Specimens Intraoperatively. SPIE Photonics West. San Francisco, CA. Jan 2018. (talk)Asiedu MN, Simhal A, Lam C, Mueller J, Chaudhary U, Schmitt JW, Venegas G, Guillermo S, Ramanujam N. Image Processing and Machine Learning Techniques to Autmate Diagnosis of Lugol’s Iodine Cervigrams for a Low-Cost, Point-of-Care, Digital Colposcope. SPIE Photonics West. San Francisco, CA. Jan 2018. (talk).Zhu C, Martin HL, Li M, Crouch BT, Martinez AF, Palmer G, Dewhirst M, Ramanujam N. Non-invasive, simultaneous quantification of vascular oxygenation, glucose uptake and mitochondria membrane potential in a flank tumor model. OSA Biomedical Optics Congress. Hollywood, FL. April 2018.Madonna M, Fox D, Crouch B, Lee J, Zhu C, Martinez AF, Alvarez J, Ramanujam N. Optical Imaging reveals metabolic shifts in breast tumor dormancy and recurrence. Second Britton Chance International Symposium on Metabolic Imaging and Spectroscopy. State College, PA. June 2018Zhu C, Martin HL, Li M, Crouch BT, Martinez AF, Vincent T, Madonna M, Palmer G, Dewhirst M Ramanujam N. Non-invasive optical spectroscopy of tissue vascular parameters, glucose uptake and mitochondrial membrane potential reveals unique relationships between metabolism and vascular microenvironment in solid tumors. Second Britton Chance International Symposium on Metabolic Imaging and Spectroscopy. State College, PA. June 2018MENTORING AND STUDENT COMMITTEES Postdoctoral, Graduate and Undergraduate Students MentoredPostdoctoralTenureDegree SoughtPosition after TenureResearchersGargi Vishnoi1998-2000Postdoc trainingAssistant Professor, IIT, BombayQuincy Brown2005-2012Postdoc trainingAssistant Professor, Tulane UniversityBing Yu2005-2012Postdoc trainingAssistant Professor, University of AkronKarthik Vishwanath2006-2011Postdoc trainingSenior Scientist, RMD Inc., Watertown, MANarasimhan Rajaram 2010-2014Postdoc trainingAssistant Professor, University of ArkansasChristine Mulvey2011-2013Postdoc trainingInstructor, Duke Univeristy, Durham, NCAmy Frees2017-2017Postdoc trainingProgram manager, Vanderbilt Caigang Zhu2014-Postdoc trainingJenna Mueller2015-Postdoc trainingBrandon Nichols2017-Postdoc training Post-TenureDegree SoughtPosition after TenureBaccularueatesSam McCachren2013-2015BS, BMEMD/Ph.D student, Emory Medical School Rhea Chitalia2013-2015BS, BMEPh.D Student, BME, University of Pennysvlania Hannah Martin2016-2017BS, BMEPh.D. / DVM Student at UWMax Kellish2016-2018BS, BMEJenna Peters2017-2018BS, NeuroscienceJulia Agudogo2017-2018BS, BMEMedical Student, Duke UniversityLibby Dotson2018-BS, Intl. StudiesJennifer Dietzel2018-BS, BiologyGraduateTenureDegree SoughtPosition after TenureStudentsZhiyu Liu 2000-2002MS, BMEPh.D student, ECE, University of WisconsinErin Gill 2001-2003MS, BMEPh.D student, BME, University of WisconsinCarmalyn Lubawy2002-2004MS, BMESenior Systems Engineer, Nellcor Katherine Perez2004-2006MS, BMEStructures Specialist, Infotech Aerospace Matthew Caldwell2009-2011MS, BMEIntegration Engineer, EPIC SystemsSisira Gorthala2013-2015MS, GHBetsy Asma2013-2015MS, GHResearch Associate, Duke UniversityDaniel Salo2014-2016MS, BMEPh.D student in Electrical Engineering, DukeDenali Dahl2015-2017MS, GHPh.D student in BME, UNC-Chapel HillQuan Liu2000-2005Ph.D, BMEAssistant Prof, BME, Nanyang Technological Greg Palmer2001-2005Ph.D, BMEAssistant Prof, Rad Onc, Duke UniversityChangfang Zhu2002-2007Ph.D, ECESenior, Scientist, Boston ScientificMelissa Skala2002-2007Ph.D, BMEAssociate Professor, BME, UW Madison Stacy Millon2004-2010Ph.D, BMEProposal Developer, QuintilesVivide Chang2005-2010Ph.D, BMEConsultant, L.E.K. ConsultingJanelle Bender2006-2010Ph.D, BMERes. Ana., CAN’s center for Naval AnalysesTorre Bydlon2006-2012Ph.D, BMESenior Scientist, Philips Research Stephanie Kennedy2006-2012Ph.D, BME SeniorConsultant, ICON plcJustin Lo2006-2012Ph.D, BMEData Scientist at Chevron, TexasHenry Fu2007-2014Ph.D, BMESenior Scientist, BD TechnologiesAmy Frees2010-2017Ph.D, BMEProgram manager, Vanderbilt University Jenna Mueller2009-2015Ph.D, BMEPostdoc, BME, Duke UniversityFangyao Hu2010-2017Ph.D, BMEAssociate Scientist, GenentechBrandon Nichols2011-2017Ph.D, BMEPostdoc, BME, Duke University Christopher Lam 2012- Ph.D, BME TBDBrian Crouch2013-Ph.D, BMETBDRobert Morhard2014-Ph.D, BMETBDMercy Asiedu2014-Ph.D, BMETBDMegan Madonna2015-Ph.D, BMETBDCorrine Nief2016-Ph.D, BMETBDRoujia Wang2017-Ph.D, BMETBDUndergraduatesTenureDegree SoughtPosition after TenureCrystal Marshek2000-2002BS, BMEGuidant Technologies Kristin Vrotsos2000-2004BS, ZoologyUniversity of Milwaukee, Medical SchoolKristin Riching2004-2005BS, BMEPh.D Student, Pharmacology, UW Madison Melissa Skala2001SURE-REUPh.D student, BME, UW MadisonAdam JohnsonSummerSURE-REUPh.D student, BME, University of MinnesotaChristine Mcmahon2006-2007BS, BMEMedical student, Duke UniversityEmily Spataro2006-2007BS, BMEMedical student, Washington UniversityHafeez Dhalla2006-2007BS, BMEPh.D student, BME, Duke UniversityLaura Moore2007-2008BS, BMEMDPh.D student, Northwestern UniversityLisa Richards2006-2008BS, BMEPh.D student, UT AustinDaniel Klein2008-2009BS, BMEField Engineer, SchlumbergerKevin Chang2009-2010BS, BMEMasters student, Stanford UniversityYufeng Deng2009-2010BS, BMEPh.D student, Duke UniversityAmy Shah2010-2010BS, BMEPh.D student, Vanderbilt UniversityTony Jiang2010-2012BS, BME Medical student, University of CincinnatiRuobing He2012-2013BS, BME/METechnical Services, Epic Systems Alex Chien2012-2013BS, BMEPh.D student, University of California, BerkeleyAdam Roth2012-2014BS, BMEMedical student, Indiana UniversityAlex Vas2012-2014BS, BMEMD/Ph.D student, Duke University Andrew Reesor2012-2014BS, BMERisk Advisory, RSM McGladreyLeighanne Oh2013-2014BS, BMEMS student, BME Duke UniversityCrystal Chukwurah2013-2014BS, BMEBusiness Technology Analyst, Deloitte Chisom Amalunweze2013-2014BS, BMEEquity Trader at Deusche BankSam McCachren2013-2015BS, BMEMD/Ph.D student, Emory Medical School Christine Schindler2013-2015BS, BMEFellow at Clinton Global Initiative University Kendall Covington2013-2015BS, BMECBID Masters Student, John Hopkins Mikayla Wickman2013-2015BS, MEProject Manager, ChargeItSpotRhea Chitalia2013-2015BS, BMEPh.D Student, BME, University of Pennysvlania Katharine Livingstone 2013-2015BS, BMEMBID Masters Student, Georgia Institute of TechnologyMichael Sutton2015-2015BS, BMEPh.D Student, Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics, Columbia UniversityHelen Murphy2014-2017BS, BMEComputer Engineer, Briger Photonics Inc.Jenna Peters2015-2016BS, NeurosciencePost-bac associate, BME, Duke UniversityStella Belonwu2015-2016BS, BiologyPh.D Student, UCSFHeather Liu2015-2016BS, BMEPh.D Student, BME, Columbia UniversityAmbika Viswanathan 2016-2016BS, Comp SciTBD (Princeton University)Ralitsa Kalfas2016-2016BS, Global HealthTBD (Columbia University)Marianne Lee2015-2017BS, BMEMEng Student, BME, Duke UniversityRaina Kishan2015-2017BS, BMEProduct Analyst, TiaKailani Montane2015-2017BS, BMEManufactuing Engineer, Biorep TechnologiesCollyn Heier2015-2017BS, BMEM.S.E Student, John Hopkins UniversityJulia Agudogo2015-2017BS, BMEPost-bac associate, BME, Duke UniversityLibby Dotson2017-2018BS, Intl. StudiesPost-bac at the GWHTCarlos Castedo2015-2018BS, BMETBDMartin Li2016-BS, BMETBDUsamah Chaduary2016-BS, BMETBDJihong Lee2016-2018BS, BMETBDJasmine Syed 2017-2018BS, Comp SciTBDYannet Daniel2017-2018BS, BiologyTBDJoy Duer2017-BS, BiologyTBDJennifer Dietzel2017-2018BS, BiologyTBDRema Shah2017-BS, NeuroscienceTBDThomas Vincent2018-BS, BMETBDHigh School Student MentoringCrispen Odem2004-2004Vikram Pattabi2012-2012Chelyn Lee2012-2012David Choi2013-2013Zihui Yang2013-2013Samantha Michael2013-2013Zihui Yang2014-2014Priyanka Purohit2014-2014Emma Myers2014-2014Zihui Yang2014-2014Jatzyri Perez2017-2017Osaze Osagie2017-2017Emily Wang2018SURE REU Undergraduate studentsMelissa Skala2001Adam Johnson 2001STUDENT AWARDS, HONORS AND FELLOWSHIPSQuan Liu, UW Prize fellowship, 2000-2002; The International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE) Scholarship in Optical Science and Engineering, 2002; American Society for Laser Surgery and Medicine (ASLMS) summer research fellowship, 2003 Greg Palmer, Department of Defense (DOD) Predoctoral fellowship, 2002-2004; ASLMS summer research fellowship, 2002; National Institutes of Heatlh (NIH) training grant, 2004-2009 Erin Gill, NIH Predoctoral traineeship, 2002-2005, UW Grainger Fellowship, 2005-2007 Changfang Zhu, DOD Predoctoral Fellowship, 2005-2008; American Society for Laser Surgery and Medicine (ASLMS) summer research fellowship, 2005 Melissa Skala, UW Graduate school fellowship, 2003-2004, ASLMS summer research fellowship, 2004; DOD Predoctoral Fellowship, 2004-2007 Carmalyn Lubaway, DOD Predoctoral Fellowship, 2004-2005 Stacy Millon, NSF graduate fellowship, 2004-2007, NIH Predoctoral traineeship, 2007-2009Quincy Brown, NIH NRSA postdoctoral fellowship, 2006-2009 Jenna Mueller, McChesney fellowship, 2010-2011 Amy Frees, NSF graduate fellowship, 2011-2014Brandon Nichols, Thurstone fellowship, 2012-2013Christopher Lam, Chambers fellowship, 2012-2013Brandon Nichols, NSF graduate fellowship, 2013-2016 Brian Crouch, Pre-doctoral Fellow in the Medical Imaging Training Program (MITP), Department of Biomedical Engineering, September 2014Robert Morhard, John T. Chambers Fellowship (2014-2015) in the Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics (FIP) at the Pratt School of Engineering at Duke UniversityDaniel Salo, John T. Chambers Fellowship (2014-2015) in the Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics (FIP) at the Pratt School of Engineering at Duke UniversityJenna Mueller, John T. Chambers Scholar in the Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics (FIP) at the Pratt School of Engineering at Duke University, 2013-2015Kendall Covington, USAID - HESN TechCon 2014 Innovation Marketplace Prize Winner, San Francisco, CA, November 2014Daniel Salo, John Strohbehn Fellowship in Biomedical Engineering, 2015Christopher Lam, Duke Global Health Institute Doctoral Scholar at the Pratt School of Engineering at Duke University, 2016-2018Mercy Asiedu, Pratt-Gardner Graduate Fellowship, 2014-2015Julia Agudogo, First place,?Rice 360° Institute for Global Health Student Design CompetitionRobert Morhard, Duke Global Health Institute Doctoral Scholar at the Pratt School of Engineering at Duke University, 2017-2018Corrine Nief, John Stohbehn Fellowship, 2017 – 2018 Megan Madonna, MITP Fellowship 2017-2018Mercy Asiedu, DGHI Doctoral Scholar 2018 - 2019Doctoral, Masters and Preliminary Exam committeesSara Liliensiek, doctoral thesis defense, Dept. Pathology, UW Madison, August 2002.Glenn Madison Walker, Preliminary exam, Biomedical Engineering, UW Madison, 2002.Henry Zeringue, Preliminary exam, Biomedical Engineering, UW Madison, 2002.David Shen, qualifying exam committee, Biomedical Engineering, UW Madison, 2002.Kristina Jensen, qualifying exam committee, Biomedical Engineering, UW Madison, 2002.Ram Subramniam, qualifying exam committee, Biomedical Engineering, UW Madison, 2003.Quan Chen, doctoral thesis defense, Medical Physics, UW Madison, 2004.Amy Butterworth, qualifying exam committee, Biomedical Engineering, UW Madison, 2004.Vinay Abyankar, qualifying exam committee, Biomedical Engineering, UW Madison, 2004.Swomitra Mohanty, qualifying exam committee, Biomedical Engineering, UW Madison, 2004.Muhammad Nazir, qualifying exam committee, Biomedical Engineering, UW Madison, 2004.Kevin Ross Diamond, Doctoral Thesis Defense, Medical Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, 2004.Shakti Davis, preliminary exam committee, Electrical and Computer Engineering, UW Madison, 2004.Audrey Ellerbee, Preliminary exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke Unviersity, 2005.Derrick Chou, Masters defense committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 2005Nilesh Mistry, Preliminary exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 2006.Gunay, Yurtsever, Preliminary exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 2007.Anjul Davis, Preliminary exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 2007.Anjul Davis, Doctoral thesis defense committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 2008.Bradley Bower, Preliminary exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke Unversity, 2007.Nilesh Mistry, Preliminary exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 2007.Nilesh Mistry, Doctoral thesis defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, 2008.Bradley Bower, Doctoral thesis defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, July 2009.Ashley Manzoor, Preliminary exam and defense committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Sept 2009.Sulochana Dhar, Preliminary exam committee, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Duke University, Sept 2010.Ashley Manzoor, Final defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 2010.Sarah Oraby, Final defense, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Duke University, 2010.Cortney Jansen, Final defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 2010.Christopher Koury, Preliminary exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 2010.Tyler Drake, Preliminary exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 2011.Christopher Khoury, Final defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, April 2012.Zachary Harmony, Final defense, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Duke University, October 2012.Sulochana Dhar, Final defense, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Duke University, November 2012.Andrew Fontanella, Final Defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, March 2013.Tyler Drake, Final Defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, April 2013.Laura Strong, Preliminary exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, May 2013.Jenna Mueller, Preliminary exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, May 2013.Kevin Seekell, Preliminary exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, May 2013.Amogh Karnik, Master Thesis committee, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, April 2014.Fangyao Hu, Preliminary Exam Committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, May 2014.Brian Langloss, Preliminary Exam Committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, May 2014.Amy Frees, Preliminary Exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, September 2014.Henry Fu, Final Defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, September 2014.Laura Strong, Final Defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, September 2014.Derek Nankivil, Preliminary Exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, December 2014.Betsy Asma, Master Thesis Committee, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, March 2015.Sisira Gorthala, Master Thesis Committee, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, April 2015.Jenna Mueller, Final Defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, July 2015.Brandon Nichols, Preliminary Exam committee, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, September 2015. Christopher Lam, Preliminary Exam Committee Chair, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, June 2016.Brian Crouch, Preliminary Exam Committee Chair, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, August 2016.Robert Morhard, Preliminary Exam Committee Chair, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, October 2016.Fangyao Hu, Final Defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, November 2016.Amy Martinez, Final Defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, November 2016. Denali Dahl, Master Thesis Committee, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, March 2017Brandon Nichols, Final Defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, March 2017Mercy Asiedu, Preliminary Exam Commirttee Chair, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University. June 2017.Brian Crouch, Final Defense, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, July 2018TEACHINGI offer a suite of courses that cover three distinct topics that directly link to the activities of the center – women’s health and technologies, optical imaging and cancer hallmarks, and two Bass Connections programs in cervical cancer prevention and global surgery. These courses serve to cover concepts in?human centered?design, the scientific method, and implementation science all of which are essential for translating ideas to impact.?SemesterCourses Taught (all BME courses except EPD 101) Credits# StudentsFall 2000200/300 –Undergraduate Design (sophomore/juniors)**111Spring 2001201 –Undergraduate Design (sophomores)**116Fall 2001601 – Biomedical Optics (undergraduate/graduate)*311Fall 2001EPD 101 - Engineering Professional Development****3263Spring 2002201 – Undergraduate Design (sophomore)**112Spring 2002601 – Microscopy of Life***320Fall 2002547 – Biomedical Optics (undergraduate/graduate)*313Spring 2003601 – Microscopy of Life***314Fall 2003547 – Biomedical Optics (undergraduate/graduate)*318Spring 2004601 – Microscopy of Life***317Fall 2007265 – Biomedical Optical Diagnostics316Fall 2008227 – Design in Biotechnology3 7Fall 2009265 – Biomedical Optical Diagnostics211Fall 2010265 – Biomedical Optical Diagnostics324Spring 2010335 – instructed two guest lecturesFall 2010265 – Biomedical Optics Diagnostics324Spring 2011236 – Biophotonics Design320Fall 2011265 – Biomedical Optical Diagnostics311Spring 2013244 – Quatitaive Physiology 348Fall 2013551 – BME Optical Spectroscopy Tissue Optics 412Spring 2014290-02 – Women’s Health Technologies 327Fall 2014551 – BME Optical Spectroscopy Tissue Optics413Spring 2015290 – Women’s Health Technologies315Fall 2015551 – BME Optical Spectroscopy Tissue Optics4 8Spring 2016290-02 – Women’s Health Technologies317Fall 2016551- BME Optical Spectroscopy Tissue Optics412Fall 2016Bass Connections: Pocket Colposcope IS8Increased Distribution & AdoptionFall 2017Bass Connections: Pocket ColposcopeIncreased Distribution & Adoption Year 2IS9Spring 2017290-02- Women’s Health Technologies311Spring 2018230 – Women’s Health Technologies 328IGNITE: SPARKING GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP AND DESIGN INNOVATIONI have created a unique program to humanize and inspire a passion for STEM by linking STEM to the potential to solve community or health-based problems. Specifically, Duke Students develop and implement engineering approaches to?human centered?design and then teach it to adolescents and young adults that are historically under-represented in STEM disciplines. Our domestic and international educational programs have a series of interconnected goals. Both types of programs engage members of underrepresented communities in hands-on STEM activities with different end goals. In the international setting, the goal is to foster creativity in?human centered?design to solve community problems while locally the goal is to give students opportunities to interest in engineering. A related goal is to encourage students to teach what they have learned to others so that learners become teachers, creating a new generation of learners each year.SiteNumber of Duke Student TeachersNumber of students taughtMale/femalePratt/Trinity (if applicable)Age or gradeDukeEngage Kolkata 20172350/352 TrinityMothers ages 19-24 years oldDukeEngage Kolkata 20164323 Pratt / 1 TrinityDukeEngage Kolkata 2015625N/ADukeEngage: WISER 20152231/11 Pratt1 TrinityDukeEngage: WISER 20143420/32 Pratt1 Trinity Dessarolla: Guatemala 20174101 23/782 Pratt2 TrinitySecondary school (ages 14-20 years old)2 University StudentsGirls Inc 2017890 - middle and high school0/128N/A for 120Middle, and High school, undergraduateGirls Inc 20166130 – middle and high school0/130N/AMiddle, and High school, undergraduateGirls Inc 20156130 – middle and high school0/130N/AMiddle, and High school, undergraduateDurham Boys and Girls Club 20172120/12N/A5th GradeStudent U 2017221/1N/A11th Grade*Revised June 29, 2018 ................
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