A REVIEW OF WWI



Name ________________________

Period 2 3 4 5 6 7

Date _____________________

A REVIEW OF WWI

PART 1: WAR BREAKS OUT IN EUROPE

I. The Start of WWI

A. Archduke ___________________________ of Austria visits Sarajevo on a ________________

national holiday.

1. June 28, 1914 was Serbia’s _____________________ Day.

2. The day was also a day of mourning to commemorate a military defeat centuries before.

B. Ferdinand and his _________ were shot and killed by a Serbian nationalist/patriot.

C. One month later, ________________ declared war on Serbia. One by one, the nations of Europe

chose sides and the ___________________ (WWI) began.

II. Causes of World War I

A. Imperialism –

1. Britain, France, Germany and Italy __________________________ in Asia and Africa.

2. ________________ was jealous of the other imperialist nations because it did not have as many

colonies. _______________ felt it deserved more.

B. Nationalism –

1. European nations wanted to prove that their individual nation was ___________.

2. They felt that their country’s interests were far more important than the others. This created

_________________!

C. Militarism –

1. This is the belief that a nation needs ________________________________. European

nations were building up their __________ and _______ during peacetime to show their power

to the ______________.

D. Alliances – In ________, a tangled network of competing alliances bound European nations

together. An attack on one nation forced its allies to come to its aid. A small conflict could

become a ___________________________.

****European nations had divided into 2 opposing alliances:

- The Central Powers – Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and ________________.

- The Allied Powers (the Allies) – Serbia, Russia, France, Great Britain, Italy and

___________________________________.

III. New Methods of Warfare

A. ____________________ - troops huddled in rat infested trenches and fired artillery and

machine guns at one another. This cost thousands of lives with little gain.

B. New Technologies –

1. ___________ (a british invention)

2. Poison gas (___________ and _________ soldiers)

3. U-boats or _____________ (guns & torpedoes to block trade – sank over ____ million tons of

Allied shipping)

4. ______________ - first major combat used – Manfred von Richthofen (the Red Barron) shot

down over _______ planes. (5+ = Ace)

5. Machine gun (fired _______ bullets a minute)

IV. The US Switches from Neutrality to an Ally Power

A. The Germans sink the ____________________, killing ________ people including ________

Americans.

1. It was a ________________ passenger ship.

2. The event turned many Americans ______________ the Germans.

B. Zimmermann Telegram –

1. A telegram written by a German foreign minister (_________________________) that was

intercepted by the ____________________.

2. Germany was trying to persuade _____________ to join the Central Powers. Germany

promised to help __________ get back the __________ that it lost to the US in the

______________________________. (Texas, New Mexico and ________________)

3. This news made Americans ______________.

PART 2: AMERICA JOINS THE FIGHT

I. The ____________ Begins

A. The ______ started so that the government could fulfill its need for ___________.

(The US had less than 200,000 soldiers.)

In May 1917, Congress passed the ________________________________, which required all

males between the ages of _____ and ______ to sign up for military service. By the end of 1918,

nearly ____ million men had been drafted.

II. The US Enters the War

A. By the time the first American troops arrived in _____________, the Allies had been at war for

almost ____ years.

B. The troops helped shift the balance in favor of the Allies by giving the other Ally countries a

________________________.

Americans were proud of the contribution their troops made to the war effort. (About ___ million

American soldiers went to France. Around ______ African-Americans also served in the armed

forces and it was the first time in US history that ___________ served in the military.

III. Armistice Day

A. On ______________________ at 11am (the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month) the

Germans agreed to an armistice (_______________). (Armistice Day!)

B. About ___ million soldiers died in the war (_____ million Allied/_____ million Central Powers) and about ___ million were wounded.

PART 3: LIFE ON THE HOME FRONT

I. The Wartime Economy

A. _______________ were low interest loans by ___________ to the government, meant to be repaid

in a number of years.

B. The war brought more government control of the _________. To produce such needed war supplies,

President ___________ set up the ___________________.

II. Propaganda

A. Propaganda - ______________ that are expressed for the purpose of __________ the actions of

the people.

B. Patriotic propaganda did much to win __________ for the war. But its anti-German/anti-foreign

focus also fueled ___________. Suddenly people ______________ anything German.

III. Influenza Epidemic

A. After the war, in the year _____, a deadly flu epidemic swept the globe.

B. The ________________ started in an ____________ training camp in ___________ and spread

rapidly through the ___________.

C. The flu killed more than _________________ people on ____ continents by the time it

disappeared in 1919.

PART 4: THE LEGACY OF THE GREAT WAR

I. Wilson’s Fourteen Points

On ___________________, President Wilson outlined his vision for the postwar world in a plan known

as the ______________________.

The Fourteen Points were a list of specific proposals for ______________________.

Key goals of the Fourteen Points:

* End ___________ alliances

* Encourage ____________________

* Remove ____________________________

* Reduce _____________________________

* Resolve _____________________________

* Support the right of people to choose their own ____________________

* Settle ________________________

* Establish the ___________________________

II. Treaty of Versailles

A. Conditions of the treaty

1. Germany had to pay $_____ billion in reparations in order to pay for the destruction that it

caused during the war.

2. Germany had to ___________________________ for causing the war.

3. Large empires like Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire were __________ up.

4. The ________________________________ was created.

B. Aftermath of the Treaty

1. Due to the stress, ________________________ suffers a stroke in September 1919. (In ___

days, he had traveled almost _________ miles and gave over ___ speeches.)

2. The ___________ refuses to approve the League of Nations treaty.

3. League of Nations is formed _____________ the US.

C. Results of the Treaty

1. It failed to make Europe ___________ without the US in the League of Nations.

2. Germans grew ____________ because of admitting guilt and __________ reparations.

3. Germany goes through a __________________.

GERMAN ECONOMIC PROBLEMS AFTER WW1

In January 1921, German currency was worth ___ _________ to the dollar.

By November 1923, one dollar was worth _____________________ marks.

Price of a Loaf of Bread TREATY OF VERSAILLES

1918 – just over half a mark (Limitations)

1922 – _______ marks/loaf

1923 (Nov) – ___________ million marks/loaf TYPE AMOUNT ALLOWED

Planes ________

Warships ________

Soldiers ________

Conscription** ________

**(Involuntary labor demanded by an established

Authority)

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