Unit 1: Principles of American Democracy



WS/FCS

Unit Planning Organizer

|Subject(s) |Social Studies |Conceptual Lenses |

|Grade/Course |10th Grade Civics and Economics |Power |

| | |Government |

| | |Change |

| | |Conflict |

|Unit of Study |Unit 1 | |

|Unit Title |Principles of American Democracy | |

|Pacing |12 Days | |

|Unit Overview |

|The first unit in Civics and Economics examines the principles of American democracy through the lenses of power, government, |

|change, and conflict. The points of focus for this unit include: |

|The Need for Government/Governmental Systems: Various governments in existence throughout the world. |

|Causes of the American Revolution: The colonists and England were in conflict. |

|Philosophical Ideas: The different Enlightenment theories that shaped American democracy. |

|Articles of Confederation: America’s first attempt at self-government. |

|The Constitution: How the document was created and the principles found within. |

|Unit Enduring Understanding(s) |Unit Essential Question(s) |

| Conflict over governmental power often leads to change. |How does conflict lead to governmental change? |

|Essential State Standards |

|Priority Objectives |Supporting Objectives |

|CE.C&G.1.1 Explain how the tensions over power and authority led |CE.C&G.1.5 Evaluate the fundamental principles of American |

|America’s founding fathers to develop a constitutional democracy |politics in terms of the extent to which they have been used |

| |effectively to maintain constitutional democracy in the United |

|CE.C&G.1.2 Explain how the Enlightenment and other contributing |States |

|theories impacted the writing of the Declaration of Independence, | |

|the US Constitution and the Bill of Rights to help promote | |

|liberty, justice and equality | |

| | |

|CE.C&G.1.3 Evaluate how debates on power and | |

|authority between Federalists and Anti-Federalists have helped | |

|shape government in the United States over time | |

| | |

|CE.C&G.1.4 Analyze the principles and ideals | |

|underlying American democracy in terms of how they promote freedom| |

| | |

|CE.C&G.2.5 Compare United States system of | |

|government within the framework of the federal and state | |

|structures as well as in how they relate with governmental systems| |

|of other nations | |

| | |

|CE.C&G.4.1 Compare citizenship in the American constitutional | |

|democracy to membership in other types of governments | |

| | |

|CE.C&G.4.2 Explain how the development of | |

|America’s national identity derived from principles in the | |

|Declaration of Independence, US Constitution and Bill of Rights | |

|“Unpacked” Concepts |“Unpacked” Skills |COGNITION |

|(students need to know) |(students need to be able to do) |(RBT Level) |

|CE.C&G.1.1 |CE.C&G.1.1 |CE.C&G.1.1 |

|Tensions |Explain (tensions) |Understand |

|Power | | |

|Authority | | |

|Democracy | | |

| | | |

|CE.C&G.1.2 |CE.C&G.1.2 |CE.C&G.1.2 |

|Enlightenment theories |Explain (Enlightenment) |Understand |

|Declaration of Independence | | |

|US Constitution | | |

|Bill of Rights | | |

| | | |

|CE.C&G.1.3 |CE.C&G.1.3 |CE.C&G.1.3 |

|Power |Evaluate (principles of the Constitution) |Evaluate |

|Authority | | |

|Federalists/Anti-federalists | | |

|Government | | |

| | | |

|CE.C&G.1.4 |CE.C&G.1.4 | |

|Principles |Analyze (principles of democracy) |CE.C&G.1.4 |

|Ideals | |Analyze |

|American Democracy | | |

|Freedom | | |

| | | |

|CE.C&G.2.5 |CE.C&G.2.5 |CE.C&G.2.5 |

|United States system of government |Compare different governments. |Understand |

|Federal and state structures | | |

|Governmental systems of other nations | | |

| | | |

|CE.C&G.4.1 | | |

|Citizenship | | |

|Democracy |CE.C&G.4.1 | |

|Types of government |Compare citizenship in various governments. |CE.C&G.4.1 |

| | |Understand |

|CE.C&G.4.2 | | |

|America’s National Identity | | |

|Declaration of Independence |CE.C&G.4.2 | |

|US Constitution |Explain American identity. | |

|Bill of Rights | |CE.C&G.4.2 |

| | |Understand |

| | | |

Unit 1: Principles of American Democracy

Day 1 – Class Introduction

• Citizenship Test

• Conceptual Lenses, Essential Question, Enduring Understanding

Day 2 – Types of Government

• Authoritarian (Totalitarianism, Dictatorship, Absolute Monarch)

• Democracy (Direct, Representative, Constitutional Monarch)

Day 3 – Philosophical Ideas & Enlightenment

• Magna Carta

• Locke, Montesquieu

Day 4 – Colonial Period

• Motivations (England & Colonists)

• Salutary Neglect

Day 5 – French & Indian War to the Revolution

• Causes of the Revolution

• Taxation, Protests, Boycotts

Day 6 – Declaration of Independence

Day 7 – Articles of Confederation

Day 8 – Constitutional Convention

• Constitutional Convention

• Federalists/Anti-Federalists

Day 9 – Structure of the Constitution

• Articles of the Constitution

Day 10 – Structure & Principles of the Constitution

• Finish Articles 4-7

• Principles of the Constitution

Day 11 – Principles of the Constitution

• Popular Sovereignty, Rule of Law, Limited Government, Separation of Power, Checks & Balances, Federalism

Day 12 – Review & Test

• Principles of American Democracy

Day 1 – Class Introduction, Citizenship Test, & Conceptual Lenses

Common Core Standards – Main Ideas

Define the Following…

Conceptual Lenses

• Essential Question

• Enduring Understanding

Unit 1 – Conceptual Lenses

Define the Following…

• Power

• Government

• Change

• Conflict

Unit 1 – Essential Question

• How does conflict lead to government change?

Unit 1 – Enduring Understanding

• Conflict over governmental power often leads to change.

Day 2 – The Need For Government, Types of Government

Part 1: The Government & The People - Chapter 1, Section 3 (pgs. 21-26)

Define the Following Terms

• Government

• Democratic Government

• Direct Democracy

• Representative Democracy/Democratic Republic

• Constitutional Monarchy

• Authoritarian Government

• Absolute Monarchy

• Dictatorship/Totalitarianism/Autocracy

• Oligarchy

• Anarchy

Answer the Following Questions

o How do democracy, oligarchy, and authoritarian government differ?

o How does the role of the citizen differ in each system?

Day 3 – Philosophical Ideas & Enlightenment

Part 2: Our English Heritage

Chapter 2, Section 1 (pgs. 33-37)

Define the Following

• Magna Carta

• Parliament

• Glorious Revolution

• The Enlightenment

• English Bill of Rights

• English Common Law

• Precedent

Answer the Following Questions

For each philosopher, explain the following…

o Thomas Hobbes (p.21) - The need for government.

o John Locke

Natural Rights

Social Contract

Right to Rebel

o Baron de Montesquieu

“Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely.”

Separation of Power

Legislative Branch

Executive Branch

Judicial Branch

Day 4 – The Colonial Period

Chapter 2, Section 2 (pgs. 39-43), Chapter 2, Section 3 (pgs. 45-49)

Define the Following

• Colony

• Mercantilism

• Salutary Neglect

Answer the Following Questions

• Why did England (and other European Countries) want colonies?

• Why did people leave England to come to the colonies?

Answer the Following Questions

o How did self-government develop in the colonies?

• Virginia House of Burgesses – Representative Democracy

• Mayflower Compact (1620) – Direct Democracy

• Direct Democracy

• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639)

By 1733 all 13 colonies had what characteristics of self-government?

Day 5 – Causes of the Revolution

Chapter 2, Section 4 (pgs. 51-56)

Explain the Following Events that led to Revolution

• French & Indian War (1754-1763)

• The Navigation Acts

• Proclamation Act of 1763

• Stamp Act (1765)

• Stamp Act Congress (1765) “No Taxation without Representation”

• Declatory Act (1767)

• Townshend Acts (1766)

• The Boston Massacre (1770)

• The Tea Act (1773)

• The Boston Tea Party (1773)

• The Coercive Acts/Intolerable Acts (1774)

• 1st Continental Congress (1774)

• Battles of Lexington & Concord (1775) “The Shot heard round the World”

• 2nd Continental Congress (1775)

• Common Sense – Who wrote & Importance?

Day 6 – The Declaration of Independence

Directions: Use (pgs.60-63) in your book to answer the following questions about the Declaration of Independence. You may need to use the sources from the philosophical ideas to answer the questions in section 2.

Section 1: The Preamble (p.60) INTRODUCTION

1) In the paragraph beginning “When in the course of human events”, what is the purpose of this paragraph?

Section 2: Declaration of Rights (p.60) THEORY OF GOVERNMENT-PHILOSOPHY

1) Make a list of (3) similarities you find between what Thomas Jefferson is writing in the Declaration of Independence, and the ideas of John Locke.

(NOTE – The idea of rights is only 1 similarity.)

2) Who is this Declaration written to, and why?

Section 3: List of Grievances (pgs. 60-62) SPECIFIC PROBLEMS

1) Make a list of (5) things King George III has done to drive the colonists toward independence. Be able to point out where you found this information.

2) After listing the grievances, Jefferson explains what the colonists have done to in reaction to these problems. (pgs.62-63) Last (2) paragraphs beginning ”In every stage of these oppressions”.

• How have the colonists tried to solve these problems?

• How have these attempts been answered?

Section 4: Resolution of Independence by the United States (p.63) CONCLUSION

1) In the conclusion, what do the colonists do?

2) What powers do the colonists want the United States to have?

Day 7 – The Articles of Confederation

Explain the Following about the Articles of Confederation (pgs. 67-70)

o What were the Articles of Confederation?

o Which level of government had more power? (State or Federal)

o What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

o What were the accomplishments of the government?

• The American Revolution

• The Ordinance of 1785

• The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

o What was Shay’s Rebellion?

o What did Shay’s Rebellion prove to the leaders of the nation?

Articles of Confederation (1st Constitution of the US)

Directions: Read the Articles of Confederation handout. Fill out the following information to better understand the Articles of Confederation.

Section 1: Origins & Purposes of the Articles of Confederation

Explain the following info from the first column.

• What was the Articles of Confederation?

• How long was it in effect?

• Who created the Articles of Confederation, and how many states had to ratify them? What was the last state to ratify & when?

• What was the basic purpose of this plan of government and why?

Section 2: Main Features of Government (13 Articles)

Articles 1-4 (I-IV)

• In these articles which government is given more power the central (national) government or the state governments?

• What was the purpose of the central government?

Articles 5-8 (V-VIII)

• What was the basic institution of the central government?

• How many votes did each state have in Congress?

• What were the states not allowed to do?

• How was the government to raise money?

Article 9 (IX) – Sole & Exclusive Powers of Congress

• List the more important powers of Congress.

Articles 10-13 (X-XIII)

• What was the committee of the states?

• Who would pay debts that the US owed?

• How much approval did amendments to the A of C need?

Day 8 – The Constitutional Convention

Chapter 3, Section 2 (pgs. 72-78)

Explain the following about the Constitutional Convention

o When, Where, Leader, How Conducted, Original Purpose

o The Virginia Plan

o The New Jersey Plan

o The Great Compromise (House of Reps & Senate)

o 3/5 Compromise

o Electoral College

o Commerce & Slave Trade Compromise

Explain the following about Ratification

o What is ratification?

o How many states needed to ratify the new Constitution?

o What were Ratifying Conventions, and why were they chosen?

o Federalists – Federalist Papers

o Anti-Federalists – Major Objections to the Constitution

o When was the Constitution finally ratified?

Day 9/10 – Structure of the Constitution

Chapter 3, Section 3 (pgs. 80-84)

Explain the following about the Structure of the Constitution

o What is the Preamble?

o What are the (6) Goals of the Constitution?

o What do each of the Articles of the Constitution establish?

▪ Article I -

▪ Article II -

▪ Article III -

▪ Article IV -

▪ Article V -

▪ Article VI -

▪ Article VII –

o What does the Supremacy Clause of Article VI declare?

o What is meant by the “full faith and credit clause” of Article IV?

o Define extradite

Day 10/11 – Principles of the Constitution

Chapter 3, Section 4 (pgs. 86-90)

Explain the following Ideas of the Constitution

o Flexibility

Amendments

Necessary & Proper Clause

Court Decisions (Loose & Strict Interpretation)

o Popular Sovereignty

o Rule of Law

o Separation of Power

o Checks & Balances

o Federalism

Enumerated Powers

Reserved Powers

Concurrent Powers

o Supremacy Clause

Day 12 – Unit 1 Test Review & Test

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