SSUSH 11a - Welcome to Mr. Watkins U.S. History



SSUSH11 The student will describe the growth of big business and technological innovations after Reconstruction.

SSUSH 11a. Explain the impact of the railroads on other industries, such as steel, and on the organization of big business.

In response to growth in the railroad industry, large steel mills were built in Pennsylvania and Ohio during the 1870s. Growth in the railroad and steel industries led to the development of

A. gold mines in California

B. the cotton industry

C. monopolies and trusts

D. western ghost towns

Growth in the railroad and steel industries led to the development of monopolies and trusts.

SSUSH 11b. Describe the impact of the railroads in the development of the West, including the transcontinental railroad, and the use of Chinese labor.

In 1862, Congress passed the Pacific Railway Act to allow for construction of the transcontinental railroad. What was the impact of this legislation?

A. regulation of the railroad industry

B. rapid western expansion

C. an end to Chinese immigration

D. a decline in big city growth

The Pacific Railway Act of 1862 allowed for construction of the transcontinental railroad which led to rapid western expansion.

The Pacific Railway Act authorized the Central Pacific Railroad to build a railroad eastward from the Pacific Ocean and the Union Pacific Railroad was given the authority to build westward from Omaha, Nebraska. What was one result of the transcontinental railroad?

A. repeal of the Missouri Compromise

B. use of and discrimination against Chinese labor

C. the growth of sectionalism in the West

D. migration of rural workers to East Coast cities

One result of the transcontinental railroad was the use of and discrimination against Chinese labor.

SSUSH 11c. Identify John D. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Company and the rise of trusts and monopolies.

Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1890. What prompted this legislation?

A. growth of small businesses

B. deregulation of the railroad industry

C. large-scale employment of immigrants

D. growth of monopolies such as Standard Oil

Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1890 to stop the growth of monopolies such as Standard Oil

SSUSH 11d Describe the inventions of Thomas Edison, including the electric light bulb, motion pictures, and the phonograph, and their impact on American life.

How did inventions such as Thomas Edison’s phonograph and electric light change American life?

A. They inspired such inventions as the John Deere plow.

B. They affected American leisure activities and industry.

C. They resulted in an expanded railroad network.

D. They encouraged the building of canals.

Thomas Edison’s phonograph and electric light affected American leisure activities and industry.

SSUSH12 The student will analyze important consequences of American industrial growth.

SSUSH 12a. Describe Ellis Island, the change in immigrants’ origins to southern and eastern Europe, and the impact of this change on urban America.

Between 1860 and 1925, some 25 million immigrants came to the United States, many through Ellis Island functioned as a reception center to screen immigrants. Many settled and worked in New York City. Where did most immigrants come from during this time?

A. western Europe

B. South America

C. southern and eastern Europe

D. Japan and China

Most of the 25 million immigrants who came to the U.S. between 1860 and 1925 came from southern and eastern Europe and then settled in big cities.

SSUSH 12b Identify the American Federation of Labor and Samuel Gompers.

What was the purpose behind the formation of the American Federation of Labor, led by Samuel Gompers, in 1881?

A. to plan social gatherings for laborers

B. to improve labor relations with management

C. to create small unions specific to each trade

D. to fight for better working conditions in America’s industries

The American Federation of Labor, led by Samuel Gompers, was formed in 1881 to fight for better working conditions in America’s industries.

SSUSH 12c Describe the growth of the western population and its impact on Native Americans with reference to Sitting Bull and Wounded Knee.

What happened as a result of gold being discovered in the Black Hills of present-day South Dakota?

A. The provisions of the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868 were strengthened.

B. Congress passed legislation restricting settlement in the Black Hills to the Sioux Nation.

C. Several years of armed conflict followed ending with the massacre at Wounded Knee.

D. The U.S. army pledged to protect the rights of Native Americans.

As a result of gold being discovered in the Black Hills of present-day South Dakota, several years of armed conflict followed between the U.S. government and Native Americans ending with the massacre at Wounded Knee.

SSUSH 12d Describe the 1894 Pullman strike as an example of industrial unrest.

Of what significance was the 1894 Pullman Strike?

A. It bolstered the labor union movement.

B. It was an isolated case of worker discontent.

C. It showed the ability of management and labor to work cooperatively.

D. It is one of several examples of late 19th century industrial unrest.

The 1894 Pullman Strike is one of several examples of late 19th century industrial unrest when the government supported management over striking workers.

SSUSH13 The student will identify major efforts to reform American society and politics in the Progressive Era.

SSUSH 13a Explain Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle and federal oversight of the meatpacking industry.

What resulted from the outrage caused by the publication of Upton Sinclair’s book The Jungle?

A. The book was banned form libraries.

B. There was a backlash against labor union organizers.

C. There were further restrictions placed on civil liberties.

D. The federal government began regulation of the meat-packing industry.

Because of the outrage caused by Upton Sinclair’s book The Jungle, the federal government began regulation of the meat-packing industry.

SSUSH 13b Identify Jane Addams and Hull House and describe the role of women in reform movements.

Jane Addams established Hull House in 1889. This and other settlement houses like it provided child care and medical services

A. for families living on homesteaded land

B. for children living in poor urban areas

C. for the wives of wealthy robber barons

D. for women waiting for government services

Jane Addams established Hull House in 1889. This and other settlement houses like it provided child care and medical services for children living in poor urban areas.

SSUSH 13c Describe the rise of Jim Crow, Plessy v. Ferguson, and the emergence of the NAACP.

In Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the U.S. Supreme Court established that “separate but equal” laws did not violate the United States Constitution. This decision allowed states to enact

A. zoning laws

B. Jim Crow laws

C. immigration quotas

D. the Chinese Exclusion Act

In Plessy v. Ferguson, the U.S. Supreme Court established that “separate but equal” laws did not violate the U.S. Constitution. This decision allowed states to enact Jim Crow laws.

SSUSH 13d Explain Ida Tarbell’s role as a muckraker.

Muckrakers, like Ida Tarbell, hoped to

A. oversee the Tennessee Valley Authority

B. stop ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment

C. expose abuses in business and corruption in politics

D. improve methods of mass production

Muckrakers, like Ida Tarbell who wrote about Rockefeller and Standard Oil, hoped to expose abuses in business and corruption in politics.

*SSUSH 13e Describe the significance of progressive reforms such as the initiative, the recall, and referendum direct election of senators; reform of labor laws; and efforts to improve living conditions for the poor in cities.

Which of the following progressive reforms allows voters to accept or reject legislative proposals?

A. recall

B. initiative

C. referendum

D. Seventeenth Amendment

Voters can accept or reject legislative proposals through the use of a referendum, which was a Progressive Era reform.

**SSUSH 13E Describe the significance of progressive reforms such as the initiative, the recall, and referendum direct election of senators; reform of labor laws; and efforts to improve living conditions for the poor in cities.



The direct election of Senators by a state’s population was a main agenda of

A. business owners, who found it difficult to influence Senators elected by state

legislatures

B. progressives, who wanted to reform a Senate that didn’t answer directly to citizens

C. governors, who by and large sought to wrest power away from the state legislatures

D. conservatives, who wanted to separate the interaction of federal and state

Governments

The direct election of Senators was a main agenda of progressives who wanted to reform a Senate that didn’t answer directly to citizens.

SSUSH14 The student will explain America’s evolving relationship with the world at the turn of the twentieth century.

*SSUSH 14a Explain the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and anti-Asian immigration sentiment on the west coast.

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 is an example of

A. labor unions embracing immigrant workers

B. discrimination against immigrants in the later half of the 19th century

C. increases in immigration quotas at the federal level

D. legislation at the national level to address unfair labor practices

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 is an example of discrimination against immigrants in the later half of the 19th century.

**SSUSH 14a Explain the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and anti-Asian immigration sentiment on the west coast.



What was a major reason for Congress passing the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?

A. fierce job competition in the West caused by a surplus of low-paid Chinese labor

B. sour diplomatic relations between the United States and China at the time

C. constant rioting in Chinese neighborhoods due to poor living conditions

D. the discovery of vast gold deposits on Chinese-owned lands in the southwest

Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 mainly because of fierce job competition in the West caused by a surplus of low-paid Chinese labor.

*SSUSH 14b Describe the Spanish-American War, the war in the Philippines, and the debate over American expansionism.

Which event sparked the Spanish-American War?

A. the sinking of the USS Maine

B. Roosevelt’s Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine

C. the building of the Panama Canal

D. the Platt Amendment

The sinking of the USS Maine sparked the Spanish-American War.

**SSUSH 14b Describe the Spanish-American War, the war in the Philippines, and the debate over American expansionism.



At the end of the nineteenth century, America fought a war in the Philippines in order to

A. resolve the Spanish-American War, as many Spanish soldiers were there.

B. set up a democracy there by overthrowing the Japanese military presence.

C. put down an independence movement there and initiate an overseas empire.

D. open up trade routes to Asia but not establish a long-lasting presence there.

At the end of the nineteenth century, America fought a war in the Philippines in order to put down an independence movement there and initiate an overseas empire.

SSUSH 14c Explain U.S. involvement in Latin America, as reflected by the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine and the creation of the Panama Canal.

President Theodore Roosevelt used the “Roosevelt Corollary” to the Monroe Doctrine to

A. allow other countries to form independent governments

B. justify U.S. intervention in Latin America

C. create a spirit of cooperation between the countries of the Western Hemisphere

D. establish the principle of self-reliance for Central America

President Theodore Roosevelt used the “Roosevelt Corollary” to the Monroe Doctrine to justify U.S. intervention in Latin America.

SSUSH15 The student will analyze the origins and impact of U.S. involvement in World War I.

SSUSH 15a Describe the movement from U.S. neutrality to engagement in World War I, with reference to unrestricted submarine warfare.

All of the following contributed to American involvement in World War I EXCEPT

A. isolationism

B. anti-German propaganda

C. unrestricted submarine warfare

D. the Zimmerman telegram

Factors contributing to American involvement in World War I included anti-German propaganda, unrestricted submarine warfare, and the Zimmerman telegram.

*SSUSH 15b Explain the domestic impact of World War I, reflected by the origins of the Great Migration, the Espionage Act, and socialist Eugene Debs.

The belief in economic opportunity in the North and a desire to escape the difficulties of life in the South led to

A. the Great Migration of African-Americans between 1914 and 1920

B. the wave of immigrants from Eastern Europe in the early 1900s

C. the settlement of thousands of Irish following the Irish potato famine

D. an influx of Chinese workers who built the transcontinental railroad

The belief in economic opportunity in the North and a desire to escape the difficulties of life in the South led to the Great Migration of African-Americans between 1914 and 1920.

**SSUSH 15b Explain the domestic impact of World War I, reflected by the origins of the Great Migration, the Espionage Act, and socialist Eugene Debs.



World War I contributed to the Great Migration by prompting millions of African Americans to

A. leave the country in order to avoid being drafted.

B. relocate to farms, which paid much more in wartime.

C. settle on the east coast as for purposes of national defense.

D. move into urban areas to fill newly available industrial jobs.

WWI contributed to the Great Migration by prompting millions of African Americans to move into urban areas to fill newly available industrial jobs.

***SSUSH 15b Explain the domestic impact of World War I, reflected by the origins of the Great Migration, the Espionage Act, and socialist Eugene Debs.

What did the Espionage Act of 1917 forbid?

A. grade agreements with Great Britain

B. interference in Army recruiting

C. speaking out against the government

D. travel by ship to Europe

The Espionage Act of 1917 forbade interfering with Army recruiting.

SSUSH 15c Explain Wilson’s Fourteen Points and the proposed League of Nations.

President Wilson sacrificed his health to a long and hard campaign for ratification of the Treaty of Versailles, which included the formation of a League of Nations. Several Senators, led by Henry Cabot Lodge of Massachusetts

A. agreed with Wilson and lobbied hard for the treaty’s passage

B. were unconvinced that participation in a League of Nations would benefit the U.S.

C. wanted to wait until conflict ended in Europe before joining a League of Nations

D. worked with European nations for quick agreement on the treaty

The U.S. Senate, led by Henry Cabot Lodge, failed to ratify the Treaty of Versailles because they were unconvinced that participation in a League of Nations would benefit the U.S.

SSUSH 15c Explain Wilson’s Fourteen Points and the proposed League of Nations.



Woodrow Wilson supported the creation of the League of Nations in order to

A. form an alliance against the new, expanding Soviet Union

B. prevent another global conflict like the first World War

C. colonize unconquered territories in Asia and Africa

D. establish an American military presence in Europe

Woodrow Wilson supported the creation of the League of Nations in order to prevent another global conflict like the first World War.

SSUSH 15d Describe passage of the Eighteenth Amendment, establishing Prohibition, and the Nineteenth Amendment, and establishing woman suffrage.

What right was granted by ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment?

A. the right of the people to elect U.S. senators

B. the right to due process

C. a woman’s right to vote

D. the right of workers to form unions

The Nineteenth Amendment granted a woman’s right to vote.

SSUSH16 The student will identify key developments in the aftermath of WW I.

SSUSH 16a Explain how rising communism and socialism in the United States led to the Red Scare and immigrant restriction.

In the 1920s, labor unions were wary of Eastern European immigrants in part because of

A. Black Thursday

B. the Jazz Age

C. the Red Scare

D. the Great Depression

In the 1920s, labor unions were wary of Eastern European immigrants in part because of the Red Scare.

*SSUSH 16b Identify Henry Ford, mass production, and the automobile.

Which of the following describes an arrangement of workers or machines where each performs a repetitive task?

A. assembly line

B. cotton gin

C. interchangeable parts

D. factory

The assembly line is an arrangement of workers or machines where each performs a repetitive task.

**SSUSH 16b Identify Henry Ford, mass production, and the automobile.



Henry Ford had a great impact on American society by

A. further dividing the classes by making only a few cars for wealthy buyers.

B. discovering a way refine crude oil into cheap gasoline for automobiles.

C. developing numerous railroad systems that connected the entire country.

D. using an assembly line to mass-produce cheap and efficient cars.

Henry Ford had a great impact on American society by using an assembly line to mass-produce cheap and efficient cars.

SSUSH 16c Describe the impact of radio and the movies.

What does the growth of the movie industry indicate about the 1920s?

A. a growing sense of nationalism

B. a conservative movement

C. a disinterest in radio

D. a time of prosperity

The growth of the movie industry indicates a time of prosperity in the 1920s.

SSUSH 16d Describe modern forms of cultural expression, including Louis Armstrong and the origins of jazz, Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance, Irving Berlin, and Tin Pan Alley.

Which BEST describes the Harlem Renaissance?

A. a time when the architecture of Harlem was copied by other cities

B. a time when the past success of Harlem was highlighted

C. a time when jazz music lost in popularity

D. a time when the literary work of African-Americans flourished

The Harlem Renaissance was a time when the literary work of African-Americans flourished.

SSUSH17 The student will analyze the causes and consequences of the Great Depression.

SSUSH 17a Describe the causes including overproduction, underconsumption, and stock market speculation that led to the stock market crash of 1929 and Great Depression.

The Great Depression resulted from a combination of several factors including overproduction, overextension of consumer credit, underconsumption of consumer goods, and

A. a rise in labor unions

B. a westward population shift

C. unchecked speculation in the stock market

D. government regulation of big business

The Great Depression resulted from a combination of several factors including overproduction, overextension of consumer credit, underconsumption of consumer goods, and unchecked speculation in the stock market.

*SSUSH 17b Explain the impact of the drought in the creation of the Dust Bowl.

What was one major factor in the creation of the Dust Bowl?

A. financial security

B. widespread drought

C. political mismanagement

D. good farming practices

Widespread drought was a major factor in the creation of the Dust Bowl.

**SSUSH 17b Explain the impact of the drought in the creation of the Dust Bowl.



How did human factors contribute to the environmental devastation caused by the Dust Bowl?

A. Industry cleared farmland to build more factories.

B. Farmers cleared forests for farmland, drying up soil.

C. Factory pollution poisoned water used for irrigation.

D. Farmers didn’t rotate crops, leading to erosion.

Humans contributed to the environmental devastation caused by the Dust Bowl because farmers didn’t rotate crops, leading to erosion.

SSUSH 17c Explain the social and political impact of widespread unemployment that resulted in developments such as Hoovervilles.

Why were the shantytowns of the Great Depression called Hoovervilles?

A. They were named to honor the success of the Hoover Administration.

B. They showed political support for President Herbert Hoover.

C. They expressed the political disillusionment of the unemployed.

D. They were built near the boyhood home of Herbert Hoover.

The shantytowns of the Great Depression were called Hoovervilles to express the political disillusionment of the unemployed.

SSUSH18 The student will describe Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal as a response to the depression and compare the ways governmental programs aided those in need.

SSUSH 18a Describe the creation of the Tennessee Valley Authority as a works program and as an effort to control the environment.

In 1933, the federal government established the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) to provide jobs and to

A. construct the Erie Canal

B. build the Hoover Dam

C. bring electricity to rural areas

D. encourage artistic expression during the Great Depression

In 1933, the federal government established the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) to provide jobs and to bring electricity to rural areas.

SSUSH 18b Explain the Wagner Act and the rise of industrial unionism.

What was the purpose of the 1935 Wagner Act, also called the National Labor Relations Act?

A. It gave workers the right to form unions to bargain collectively.

B. It banned racial discrimination in the workplace.

C. It established the right of women to work in industry.

D. It ended child labor in the textile industry.

The 1935Wagner Act, also called the National Labor Relations Act, gave workers the right to form unions to bargain collectively.

SSUSH 18c Explain the passage of the Social Security Act as a part of the second New Deal.

All of the following began as part of the new Deal EXCEPT

A. Social Security benefits

B. unemployment benefits

C. the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

D. food stamps

New Deal programs included Social Security and unemployment benefits and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).

SSUSH 18d Identify Eleanor Roosevelt as a symbol of social progress and women’s activism.

Who became a role model of social progress and women’s activism during the Great Depression and into the difficult war years that followed?

A. Betty Friedan

B. Rosa Parks

C. Susan B. Anthony

D. Eleanor Roosevelt

Eleanor Roosevelt became a role model of social progress and women’s activism during the Great Depression and into the difficult war years that followed.

*SSUSH 18e Identify the political challenges to Roosevelt’s domestic and international leadership, including the role of Huey Long, the “court packing bill,” and the Neutrality Act.

What did President Franklin Roosevelt attempt to do when it appeared that the U.S. Supreme Court might strike down the constitutionality of the Social Security Act, a main part of his New Deal Programs?

A. ask lower courts to rule in favor of the legislation

B. return the legislation to Congress for reconsideration

C. pack the court by adding justices supportive of his programs

D. propose a program to replace the Social Security Act

When it appeared that the U.S. Supreme Court might strike down the constitutionality of part of Roosevelt’s New Deal programs, he attempted to pack the court by adding justices supportive of his programs.

**SSUSH 18e Identify the political challenges to Roosevelt’s domestic and international leadership, including the role of Huey Long, the “court packing bill,” and the Neutrality Act.



Huey Long seriously challenged President Franklin Roosevelt by

A. allying with various industrial interests to discredit and end New Deal programs

B. using charisma and popularity to push for greater national wealth redistribution

C. consolidating power as Louisiana’s governor to diminish federal influence there

D. forming a coalition within Congress that attempted to remove Roosevelt from office

Huey Long seriously challenged President Franklin Roosevelt by using charisma and popularity to push for greater national wealth redistribution.

SSUSH19 The student will identify the origins, major developments, and the domestic impact of World War II, especially the growth of the federal government.

SSUSH19 The student will identify the origins, major developments, and the domestic impact of World War II, especially the growth of the federal government.

*SSUSH 19a Explain A. Philip Randolph’s proposed march on Washington, D.C., and President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s response.

In 1941, civil rights leader A. Philip Randolph threatened to organize a large civil rights demonstration in Washington, D.C. to protest discrimination in the defense industry. Why did he call off the demonstration?

A. He decided the protest would not be effective.

B. He was not able to organize enough demonstrators due to the war.

C. President Franklin Roosevelt prohibited discrimination in the defense industry.

D. Others threatened to disrupt the demonstration.

In 1941, civil rights leader A. Philip Randolph called off a large civil rights demonstration in Washington, D.C. when President Franklin Roosevelt prohibited discrimination in the defense industry.

**SSUSH 19a Explain A. Philip Randolph’s proposed march on Washington, D.C., and President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s response.



How did A. Philip Randolph’s proposed march on Washington affect President Franklin Roosevelt’s domestic policies during World War II?

A. It forced Roosevelt to officially oppose racial discrimination in government hiring.

B. It proved to many in the Roosevelt administration that internment camps were needed.

C. It caused Roosevelt to withhold industrial jobs from women so more men could work.

D. It convinced Roosevelt to build more public housing for farmers who lost their jobs.

The march on Washington proposed by A. Philip Randolph affected President Franklin Roosevelt’s domestic policies during WWII by forcing Roosevelt to officially oppose racial discrimination in government hiring.

SSUSH 19b Explain the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the internment of Japanese-Americans, German-Americans, and Italian-Americans.

During World War II the federal government forced the relocation of thousands of Japanese Americans, German Americans, and Italian Americans into internment camps. Which statement BEST describes World War II internment camps?

A. places where individuals willingly stayed for the course of the war

B. restrictions without cause on the civil liberties of individuals

C. a way to protect the businesses and homes of immigrants

D. places where people were free to come and go as they pleased

War II internment camps restricted without cause the civil liberties of Japanese-Americans.

*SSUSH 19c Explain major events, including the lend-lease program, the Battle of Midway, D-Day, and the fall of Berlin.

In what way did the Lend-Lease Act provide a compromise between the will of the president and the belief of many isolationists in Congress?

A. It allowed assistance to friendly nations without the United States directly

participating in war.

B. It limited American involvement in European affairs by only providing advisors to

friendly nations.

C. It curtailed the sale of supplies to all nations involved in conflict.

D. It assisted Great Britain’s efforts against Germany but did not offer help to other

nations.

The Lend-Lease Act provided a compromise between the will of the president and the beliefs of many isolationists in Congress because it allowed assistance to friendly nations without the U.S. directly participating in war.

**SSUSH 19c Explain major events, including the lend-lease program, the Battle of Midway, D-Day, and the fall of Berlin.



In the D-Day operation, the allies in World War II successfully

A. launched an air assault on German cities.

B. liberated the Nazi’s concentration camps.

C. overthrew Mussolini and made Italy an ally.

D. invaded Nazi-occupied France at Normandy.

In the D-Day operation, the allies in WWII successfully invaded Nazi-occupied France at Normandy.

SSUSH 19d Describe war mobilization, as indicated by rationing, war-time conversion, and the role of women in war industries.

World War II efforts on the homefront included the rationing of sugar and meat, women entering the industrial workforce and men mobilizing for war. What did these efforts indicate?

A. lack of support for Roosevelt’s policies

B. support of the nation’s efforts in Europe

C. a willingness to allow Japan to conquer China

D. a growing sense of isolationism

WWII efforts on the homefront supported the nation’s efforts in Europe by rationing, women entering the industrial workforce and men mobilizing for war.

SSUSH 19e Describe Los Alamos and the scientific, economic, and military implications of developing the atomic bomb.

President Truman authorized the dropping of two atomic bombs on Japan as a way to

A. bring World War II to a quick end

B. earn the backing of the Allies in the war effort

C. gain the surrender of Germany

D. spur international atomic research

President Truman authorized the dropping of two atomic bombs on Japan as a way to bring World War II to a quick end.

SSUSH20 The student will analyze the domestic and international impact of the Cold War on the United States.

SSUSH 20a Describe the creation of the Marshall Plan, U.S. commitment to Europe, the Truman Doctrine, and the origins and implications of the containment policy.

In what way did the Truman Doctrine direct the policy of containment?

A. It tried to spread democracy through military and economic aid.

B. It sought to limit trade with Japan and China.

C. It provided military control of the islands in the Caribbean.

D. It encouraged a military buildup in the Pacific Ocean.

The Truman Doctrine and its policy of containment tried to spread democracy through military and economic aid.

SSUSH 20b Explain the impact of the new communist regime in China, the outbreak of the Korean War, and how these events contributed to the rise of Senator Joseph McCarthy.

During the early 1950s, Senator Joseph McCarthy created lists of individuals whom he believed to be associated with the Communist Party. McCarthy’s tactics were in response to

A. the Vietnam War

B. World War II

C. the Civil War

D. the Korean and Cold Wars

During the early 1950s, Senator Joseph McCarthy created lists of individuals whom he believed to be associated with the Communist Party. His tactics were in response to the Korean and Cold wars.

*SSUSH 20c Describe the Cuban Revolution, the Bay of Pigs, and the Cuban missile crisis.

Why was the Bay of Pigs an embarrassment to the Kennedy Administration?

A. It supported a Communist government in the Western Hemisphere.

B. It established the Soviet Union as a superpower.

C. It permitted the Soviets to develop nuclear weapons.

D. It was a failed attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro.

The Bay of Pigs was an embarrassment to the Kennedy Administration because it was a failed attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro.

**SSUSH 20c Describe the Cuban Revolution, the Bay of Pigs, and the Cuban missile crisis.

What prompted the Cuban Missile Crisis?

A. the Tet Offensive

B. the Cuban Revolution

C. the discovery of Soviet missiles in Cuba

D. the interest in overthrowing Fidel Castro

The discovery of Soviet missiles in Cuba prompted the Cuban Missile Crisis.

***SSUSH 20c Describe the Cuban Revolution, the Bay of Pigs, and the Cuban missile crisis.



What role did the US government play in the Bay of Pigs invasion of 1961?

A. It set up a naval blockade around Cuba to prevent any Soviet interference.

B. It sought intervention from the United Nations to resolve the conflict.

C. It led the coalition of forces that attempted to overthrow Fidel Castro.

D. It funded and trained the invading forces but didn’t assist in the fighting.

The U.S. government funded and trained the invading forces in the Bay of Pigs invasion of 1961 but didn’t assist in the fighting.

*SSUSH 20d Describe the Vietnam War, the Tet offensive, and growing opposition to the war.

The decline in public support for the Vietnam War was due to all of the following EXCEPT

A. scenes of the carnage of war shown on television

B. the space race

C. the death of American soldiers

D. protests calling for an end to the war

The decline in public support for the Vietnam War was due to scenes of the carnage of war shown on television, the death of American soldiers, and protests calling for an end to the war.

**SSUSH 20d Describe the Vietnam War, the Tet offensive, and growing opposition to the war.



Why was the Tet Offensive an important event in the Vietnam War?

A. It marked North Vietnam’s permanent capture of South Vietnam’s capitol.

B. It stirred up strong disagreement among Americans about the Vietnam War.

C. It forced Lyndon Johnson to escalate the conflict by bombing bases in Cambodia.

D. It made the United States improve relations with China for military assistance.

The Tet Offensive is an important event in the Vietnam War because it stirred up strong disagreement among Americans about the war.

SSUSH21 The student will explain economic growth and its impact on the United States 1945-1970

SSUSH 21a Describe the baby boom and the impact as shown by Levittown and the Interstate Highway Act.

What was the significance of Levittown?

A. It showed the need for a working GI Bill.

B. It sparked the growth of American suburbs by bringing mass production to the

housing industry.

C. It was the center of American industry.

D. It was the site of the Kennedy-Nixon debates.

Levittown sparked the growth of American suburbs by bringing mass production to the housing industry.

*SSUSH 21b Describe the impact television has had on American culture, including the presidential debates (Kennedy/Nixon, 1960) and news coverage of the Civil Rights movement.

What effect did news coverage of the civil rights movement have?

A. It resulted in new Jim Crow legislation in the South.

B. It forced the federal government to place restrictions on the media.

C. It increased pressure on the federal government to pass civil rights legislation.

D. It reduced the momentum of the civil rights movement.

The news coverage of the civil rights movement increased pressure on the federal government to pass civil rights legislation.

**SSUSH 21b Describe the impact television has had on American culture, including the presidential debates (Kennedy/Nixon, 1960) and news coverage of the Civil Rights movement.



How did television affect the John F. Kennedy/Richard Nixon presidential debates in 1960?

A. It made the debates shorter than past debates due to programming concerns.

B. It made the physical appearance of the candidates an important factor for viewers.

C. It made the candidates carefully rehearse their answers for the television audience.

D. It made the debates more frequent because they drew in big television ratings.

Television made the physical appearance of the candidates an important factor for viewers of the JFK/Nixon presidential debates in 1960.

SSUSH 21c Analyze the impact of technology on American life, including the development of the personal computer and the cellular telephone.

Which technology gave rise to the information age?

A. mp3 players

B. computers

C. cell phones

D. television

Computers provided the technology to create the information age.

SSUSH 21d Describe the impact of competition with the USSR as evidenced by the launch of Sputnik I and President Eisenhower’s actions.

What led to the space race, the creation of NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), and a greater emphasis on math and science in public schools?

A. the baby boom

B. the Truman Doctrine

C. the Interstate Highway Act

D. the Soviet launch of the first satellite, Sputnik I

The Soviet launch of the first satellite Sputnik I led to the space race, the creation of NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), and a greater emphasis on math and science in public schools.

SSUSH22 The student will identify dimensions of the Civil Rights Movement, 1945-1970.

SSUSH 22a Explain the importance of President Truman’s order to integrate the U.S. military and the federal government.

Why was Truman’s order to integrate the armed forces particularly significant at the time?

A. It ordered the integration of the defense industry.

B. It established the basis for integration of the armed forces during WWII.

C. It was part of Truman’s efforts at the federal level to end civil rights abuse.

D. It ordered the creation of a new civil rights agency.

Truman’s order to integrate the armed forces was part of his efforts at the federal level to end civil rights abuse.

SSUSH 22b Identify Jackie Robinson and the integration of baseball.

What was the significance of Jackie Robinson’s entry into professional baseball?

A. He was the first baseball player to hit 1000 homeruns.

B. He was the first African-American to play professional baseball.

C. He moved from player to management within a year.

D. He designed the size and configuration of the infield.

Jackie Robinson was the first African American to play professional baseball.

SSUSH 22c Explain Brown v. Board of Education and efforts to resist the decision.

The U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) overturned which principle established in the Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) decision?

A. freedom of speech

B. separate but equal

C. clear and present danger

D. right to petition the government

The U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) overturned the separate but equal principle established in the Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) decision.

SSUSH 22d Describe the significance of Martin Luther King, Jr.’s Letter from a Birmingham Jail and his I Have a Dream speech.

Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from a Birmingham Jail was written with the hope that others would

A. participate in violent demonstrations to gain civil rights

B. join him in the effort to gain civil rights through non-violent disobedience

C. end efforts in the South to gain civil rights

D. wait for a better time to work to gain civil rights for African Americans.

Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from a Birmingham Jail was written with the hopes that others would join him in the effort to gain civil rights through non-violent disobedience.

*SSUSH 22e Describe the causes and consequences of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

What was the impact of the Voting Rights Act?

A. It immediately struck down all Jim Crow laws enacted in the South.

B. It had little effect on political change in the South.

C. Within four years more than 70 percent of southern blacks had registered to vote.

D. It prompted ratification of the Twenty-Fourth Amendment.

As a result of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, within 4 years more than 70 percent of southern blacks had registered to vote.

**SSUSH 22e Describe the causes and consequences of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

What was one of the purposes behind passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

A. to establish federal voting rights

B. to eliminate the segregation of public schools

C. to outlaw discrimination based on race

D. to create a database on immigration

One of the purposes behind the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was to outlaw discrimination based on race.

***SSUSH 22e Describe the causes and consequences of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.



The Voting Rights Act of 1965 helped African Americans by

A. outlawing literacy tests and other discriminatory features used at polls

B. granting them the legal right to vote in state and federal elections

C. establishing direct federal monitoring of all elections held in Southern states

D. forbidding the gerrymandering of congressional districts along racial lines

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 helped African Americans by outlawing literacy tests and other discriminatory features used at polls.

SSUSH23 The student will describe and assess the impact of political developments between 1945-1970.

*SSUSH 23a Describe the Warren Court and the expansion of individual rights as seen in the Miranda decision.

The Miranda Warning upholds the Bill of Rights by

A. assuring everyone’s right to vote in federal elections

B. protecting the rights of individuals being accused

C. allowing the court to hold an individual for as long as it wants

D. assisting individuals in finding a lawyer who will always win the case

The Miranda Warning upholds the Bill of Rights by protecting the rights of individuals being accused.

**SSUSH 23a Describe the Warren Court and the expansion of individual rights as seen in the Miranda decision.

What is the legacy of the Warren Court?

A. prolonged civil rights abuses

B. expanded civil liberties

C. immigration reform

D. restrictions on student rights

The legacy of the Warren Court is expanded civil liberties.

***SSUSH 23a Describe the Warren Court and the expansion of individual rights as seen in the Miranda decision.



How did the Warren Court’s Miranda decision expand the legal rights of individuals?

A. Suspects became protected against evidence that had been improperly obtained.

B. Suspects would now be protected against self-incrimination upon being arrested.

C. Any arrested suspect would automatically be assigned a court-appointed attorney.

D. People could no longer be arrested without being told a specific charge for the arrest.

The Warren Court’s Miranda decision expanded the legal rights of individuals by protecting them against self-incrimination upon being arrested.

SSUSH 23b Describe the political impact of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, including the impact on Civil Rights legislation.

Which social initiative was President John F. Kennedy working on at the time of his assassination on November 22, 1963?

A. establishing a federal office to address homeland security

B. civil rights legislation to expand civil liberties for African-Americans

C. the advancement of women’s rights through passage of the equal rights amendment

D. the elimination of the military draft, since the war in Vietnam had ended

At the time of his assassination, President John F. Kennedy was working on civil rights legislation to expand civil liberties for African-Americans.

SSUSH 23c Explain Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society, including the establishment of Medicare.

What were two key elements of Johnson’s Great Society program?

A. Social Security and Head Start

B. food stamps and the TVA

C. the CCC and the FDIC

D. Medicare and Medicaid

Two key elements of President Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society program were Medicare and Medicaid.

SSUSH 23d Describe the social and political turmoil of 1968, including the assassinations of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Robert F. Kennedy, and the events surrounding the Democratic National Convention.

All of the following were part of the social and political turmoil of 1968 EXCEPT

A. the assassination of Robert Kennedy

B. the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.

C. the chaos outside the Democratic National Convention

D. the impeachment of Richard M. Nixon

The social and political turmoil of 1968 included the assassinations of Martin Luther King Jr. and Robert Kennedy and the chaos outside the Democratic National Convention.

SSUSH24 The student will analyze the impact of social change movements and organizations of the 1960’s.

SSUSH 24a Compare and contrast the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) tactics, including sit-ins, freedom rides, and changing composition.

All of the following were tactics of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) EXCEPT

A. organizing sit-ins where segregation was very public

B. working for voter registration in the South

C. bombing of Sterling Hall at the University of Wisconsin

D. working with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)

The Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) used the tactic of sit-ins, worked for voter registration in the South, and worked with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC).

SSUSH 24b Describe the National Organization of Women and the origins and goals of the modern women’s movement.

What has been an ongoing goal of the modern women’s movement?

A. election of the first woman to Congress

B. attaining voting rights

C. equal pay and opportunity for women

D. the possibility of labor union membership for women

An ongoing goal of the modern women’s movement has been equal pay and opportunity for women.

SSUSH 24c Analyze the anti-Vietnam War movement.

What was a turning point in the anti-Vietnam War movement?

A. the killing of four student protestors at Kent State

B. the election of President Nixon

C. the assassination of President Kennedy

D. the Democratic National Convention

The killing of four student protestors at Kent State was a turning point in the anti-Vietnam War movement.

SSUSH 24d Analyze Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers’ movement.

Boycotts of farm produce organized by Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers led to

A. extended work hours for union members

B. higher wages for migrant workers

C. abandonment of farmer unions

D. federal legislation barring farm boycotts

Boycotts of farm produce organized by César Chavez and the United Farm Workers led to higher wages for migrant workers.

SSUSH 24e Explain Rachel Carson and Silent Spring, Earth Day, the creation of the EPA, and the modern environmentalist movement.

What sparked the environmentalist movement?

A. creation of the Environmental Protection Agency

B. Earth Day

C. publication of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring

D. the efforts of Johnson’s Great Society

The publication of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring sparked the environmentalist movement.

*SSUSH 24f Describe the rise of the conservative movement as seen in the presidential candidacy of Barry Goldwater (1964) and the election of Richard M. Nixon (1968).

The election of Richard Nixon indicated

A. the rise of the conservative movement

B. an expansion of social programs

C. the stall of foreign relations with China

D. an effort y Republicans to unseat Nixon

The election of Richard Nixon indicated the rise of the conservative movement.

**SSUSH 24f Describe the rise of the conservative movement as seen in the presidential candidacy of Barry Goldwater (1964) and the election of Richard M. Nixon (1968).



Barry Goldwater’s presidential campaign in 1964 revitalized the conservative movement by

A. helping Republicans win many seats in Congress in 1964

B. softening conservatism to make it more appealing to liberal voters

C. forcing President Johnson to reverse his earlier liberal policies

D. providing a very conservative agenda successfully used by later politicians

Barry Goldwater’s presidential campaign in 1964 revitalized the conservative movement by providing a very conservative agenda successfully used by later politicians.

SSUSH25 The student will describe changes in national politics since 1968.

*SSUSH 25a Describe President Richard M. Nixon’s opening of China, his resignation due to the Watergate scandal, changing attitudes toward government, and the Presidency of Gerald Ford.

Which event prompted President Richard Nixon to resign from office in 1974?

A. the Berlin Airlift

B. the Watergate scandal

C. the Iran-Contra scandal

D. trade agreements with China

President Richard Nixon resigned from office in 1974 because of the Watergate scandal.

**SSUSH 25a Describe President Richard M. Nixon’s opening of China, his resignation due to the Watergate scandal, changing attitudes toward government, and the Presidency of Gerald Ford.

President Nixon reduced Cold War tensions by establishing foreign relations with China and by signing the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, or SALT with the Soviet Union. These actions were part of

A. détente

B. the arms race

C. Cold War rhetoric

D. shuttle diplomacy

President Nixon reduced Cold War tensions by establishing foreign relations with Communist China and signing the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, or SALT, with the Soviet Union. These actions were part of détente—easing relations during the Cold War.

***SSUSH 25a Describe President Richard M. Nixon’s opening of China, his resignation due to the Watergate scandal, changing attitudes toward government, and the Presidency of Gerald Ford.



One of the main factors for President Nixon’s resignation over the Watergate Scandal was his

A. admission of ordering the break-ins

B. attempts to remove members of Congress

C. refusal to cooperate with the investigations

D. impeachment and impending convictions

One of the main factors for President Nixon’s resignation over the Watergate Scandal was his refusal to cooperate with the investigations.

SSUSH 25b Explain the impact of Supreme Court decisions on ideas about civil liberties and civil rights, including such decisions as Roe v. Wade (1973) and the Bakke decision on affirmative action.

The decision in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

A. struck down the Supreme Court’s right of judicial review

B. allowed Bakke to be admitted to school, but upheld affirmative action

C. ruled that affirmative action was unconstitutional

D. banned Bakke from the University of California Medical School

The decision in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke allowed Bakke to be admitted to school, but upheld affirmative action.

SSUSH 25c Explain the Carter administrations’ efforts in the Middle East including the Camp David Accords, his response to the 1979 Iranian Revolution and Iranian hostage crisis.

One highlight of the Carter Administration was the Camp David Accords, agreed to on September 17, 1o78. Why was this such an important international event?

A. It signified the first peace treaty between Israel and an Arab nation.

B. It allowed for the release of hostages held by Iran.

C. It created a timeline for transfer of the Panama Canal.

D. It was the beginning of strategic arms discussions with the Soviet Union.

The Camp David Accords were a highlight of the Carter Administration because it signified the first peace treaty between Israel and an Arab nation.

SSUSH 25d Describe domestic and international events of Ronald Reagan’s presidency, including Reagonomics, the Iran-contra scandal, and the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Which BEST describes the 1980s economic policy called Reaganomics?

A. reduce taxes, reduce social programs, deregulate businesses

B. expand business opportunities, expand social programs

C. eliminate foreign aid, raise taxes on corporations

D. reduce social programs, raise taxes on businesses, expand Medicare

The 1980s economic policy called Reaganomics reduced taxes, reduced social programs, and deregulated businesses.

SSUSH 25e Explain the relationship between Congress and President Bill Clinton, including the North American Free Trade Agreement and his impeachment and acquittal.

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) opened up trade between which nations?

A. U.S., Canada, and Brazil

B. U.S., Canada, and Mexico

C. Mexico, Canada, and Brazil

D. Mexico, Brazil, and the U.S.

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) opens up trade between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.

*SSUSH 25f Analyze the 2000 presidential election and its outcome, emphasizing the role of the electoral college.

What determined the 2000 presidential election?

A. the recount of votes in Florida

B. the popular vote of Florida

C. the vote of the Electoral College

D. the ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court to halt the recount of Florida ballots

The vote of the electoral college determined the 2000 presidential election.

**SSUSH 25f Analyze the 2000 presidential election and its outcome, emphasizing the role of the electoral college.



Which is one reason why the results of the 2000 Presidential election were controversial?

A. Al Gore’s running mate defected from the Democratic Party during the election.

B. George Bush won the majority of electoral votes but lost the popular vote.

C. Numerous electors pledged to Al Gore declined to vote for him, causing his defeat.

D. George Bush and his running mate were both from Texas, a violation of law.

One reason why the results of the 2000 Presidential election were controversial was that George Bush won the majority of electoral votes but lost the popular vote.

*SSUSH 25g Analyze the response of President George W. Bush to the attacks of September 11, 2001, on the United States, the war against terrorism, and the subsequent American interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq.

Terrorists from which of the following are blamed for carrying out the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001?

A. Iraq

B. al-Qaeda

C. Afghanistan

D. Iran

Terrorists from al-Qaeda are blamed for carrying out the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001.

**SSUSH 25g Analyze the response of President George W. Bush to the attacks of September 11, 2001, on the United States, the war against terrorism, and the subsequent American interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq.

Why is September 11, 2001, a turning point in American history?

A. It created a new focus on world terrorism.

B. It established the importance of isolationism.

C. It reduced federal efforts for homeland security.

D. It lessened the need to work with foreign governments.

September 11, 2001 is a turning point in American history because it created a new focus on world terrorism.

***SSUSH 25g Analyze the response of President George W. Bush to the attacks of September 11, 2001, on the United States, the war against terrorism, and the subsequent American interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq.

Which of the following events was most responsible for the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan?

A. the Iraq War

B. the bombing of Pearl Harbor

C. terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001

D. the Iran-Contra scandal

The U.S. invaded Afghanistan as a result of the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001.

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