USAP April Assignment - This assignment is meant to amass ...



USAP April Assignment - This assignment is meant to amass a lot of information in a collegial fashion. Chs. 26 –28 take us through the 1950’s and 1960’s. There is a lot of “stuff” in this time period. Construct a study group to share the load – but don’t isolate onto one or two topics. Make sure that you all are participating in each topic. Due Date: April 15, 2004

I - Research and select the correct answers to the quizzes that are used to evaluate chs/ 26-28. Please indicate page numbers and book (i.e. N641 = New, page 641, O641 = Old, page 641). Work together within your team to research the information necessary to answer the questions. Write any necessary background information by the question. Make sure you read these chapters!

Questions that involve “New” terms should be explained on a separate piece of paper and added to your journal. For Example: The International Monetary Fund? The World Bank? These terms/ideas would require explanations.

Questions that involve “Who of the following” or “Which of the Following” need to be explained.

II – Find Articles on the Web that deal with the following topics. For each, print and attach the article. Read, analyze, highlight, and be prepared to discuss or present them to the class.

1. The Korean War. (try and find overview article)

2. The Truman Doctrine

3. Eisenhower as President

For each document create a set of study notes to teach from. You will have to explain the main idea to another classmate. Answer any specific questions that are attached to the document.

Ch. 26 – The Cold War

Page 1

1. United States involvement in the IMF and World bank was designed to

a. Assure U.S. primacy in the postwar global economy.

b. Isolate the Soviet and Chinese economies.

c. Establish interdependent economies.

d. Protect American business abroad.

2. All member nations in the United Nations were represented in the

a. General Assembly.

b. International Monetary Fund.

c. Security Council.

d. Secretariat.

3. The United Nations achieved its greatest early success in

a. Slowing down Soviet occupation of Eastern Europe.

b. Humanitarian aid to victims of World War II.

c. Defending human rights in Asia.

d. Occupying defeated Japan.

4. The threatening situation that prompted President Truman to proclaim his foreign policy doctrine was the British inability to help

a. Greece and Turkey stabilize.

b. South Korea repel North Korea.

c. Stop the Berlin Blockade.

d. Rebuild Europe.

5. The Truman Doctrine committed the United States to

a. Intervening to prevent further communist takeovers.

b. Sending combat troop to the Middle East.

c. Supporting United Nations efforts to stabilize countries.

d. Reducing the U.S. military presence abroad.

6. The Marshall Plan for European nations reflected the Truman administration's fear of

a. A Soviet invasion of Western Europe.

b. Atomic testing in Eastern Europe.

c. Military confrontation between the two Germanies.

d. Political consequences of economic chaos.

7. In his famous Truman doctrine, the president announced the following policy toward the Soviet Union:

a. Containment.

b. Strategic Defense.

c. Aid to Turkey.

d. Atlantic Charter.

8. The importance and key factor in the U.S.-led military alliance can be seen in its name, the __________ ____________ Treaty organization or NATO.

a. New Atlantic.

b. North American.

c. North Atlantic.

d. Nuclear Armaments.

Page 2

9. The following was Stalin's response to the unification of Western Germany:

a. Stalin stopped all traffic to West Berlin.

b. Stalin declared a blockade on Poland.

c. Stalin threatened to use nuclear weapons against the U.S.

d. The Soviets built the Berlin Wall.

10. In response to NATO rearming West Germany, the Soviet Union organized the

a. Warsaw Pact.

b. Berlin Wall.

c. Solidarity Pact.

d. SEATO Pact.

11. Secretary of State Dean Ascension in his "White Paper" of 1949 said that the situation in

a. Korea was unstable and war was imminent.

b. China was beyond the control of the United States.

c. The Philippines was stable and should be independent.

d. China indicated that Mao ZeDong had little chance of taking control.

12. The Truman Doctrine was successful in

a. Western Europe.

b. Asia.

c. Middle East.

d. South America.

13. Why did the United States decide to build up the Japanese economy?

a. Japan would serve in the anti-Soviet bloc.

b. Japanese consumers would purchase American goods.

c. This would allow American consumers to be cheap Japanese goods.

d. American policy makers feared that Japan would become part of the Chinese orbit.

14. The Dixiecrats bolted the Democratic Party in 1948 election because

a. Of Truman's endorsement of a plank on racial equality.

b. Truman attacked the Republican congress.

c. Truman rejected Henry Wallace.

d. Truman attacked organized labor.

15. Truman used the threat of communism to promote

a. Defense spending.

b. Democracy.

c. New Deal programs.

d. The Fair Deal program.

16. When Joseph McCarthy made his famous Lincoln Day speech, he claimed that

a. There were 200 communists working in the State department.

b. The army was soft.

c. A military takeover of the United States by the communists was imminent.

d. Whittaker Chambers, Alger Hiss and the Rosenbergs had sold secrets to the Soviets.

Page 3

17. These two trends encouraged a change in the middle-class family:

a. Higher wages and more college educated parents.

b. The baby boom and high rates of consumer spending.

c. Younger marriages and less children.

d. Inflation and higher military spending.

18. Why did McCarthy and HUAC attack certain women's and homosexual groups?

a. Deep fears about changing sexual mor‚s.

b. Both groups fostered communism.

c. Sinister forces easily influenced women and homosexuals.

d. Both groups have a tendency toward perversion.

19. In his 1952 presidential campaign, Republican candidate Eisenhower projected an image of a/an

a. Aggressive anti-communist who would get total victory in Korea.

b. Moderate but firm candidate who could achieve honorable peace in Korea.

c. Reformer who could fulfill the dreams of the New Deal.

d. Conservative determined to undo any remaining elements of the New Deal.

20. Women were encouraged to do the following in the 1950s:

a. Quit their jobs and stay home.

b. Continue working in the defense industry.

c. Stay at work so their family could remain middle class.

d. Pursue a college degree.

21. The main effect of the Red Hysteria on college campuses was

a. Restraint of free speech.

b. Decline of enrollments.

c. Increasing radicalism of students.

d. Increase in racism on campus.

22. What did these five countries have in common: United States, Great Britain, Soviet Union, France and nationalist China?

a. Membership in NATO.

b. Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council.

c. Seats on the International Court of Justice.

d. Members of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.

23. The Truman Doctrine was first applied to these countries:

a. North/South Korea.

b. East/West Germany.

c. Turkey/Greece.

d. Yugoslavia/Albania.

24. President Truman's Executive Order 9835

a. Desegregated the armed forces.

b. Brought combat troops home rapidly from WWII.

c. Ended the wartime price and rationing controls.

d. Established a federal employee loyalty program.

Page 4

25. The GI bill underwrote these two items and caused a boom in both areas.

a. Federal employment and defense spending.

b. College education and housing.

c. Auto and television credit plans.

d. Technical training and atomic energy jobs.

26. The 1947 federal "Zeal for Democracy" program promoted strengthening national security and fighting Soviet communism through

a. Education.

b. The family.

c. Women staying home.

d. Religion.

27. The Korean War began when

a. North Korea launched a military attack on South Korea.

b. Communist China invaded it to keep the Nationalist Chinese out.

c. The Soviet Union joined its North Korean ally in invasion.

d. South Korea attempted to unify both occupation zones of Korea.

28. The Truman doctrine is announced and Congress appropriates aid for Greece and Turkey in

a. 1945.

b. 1946.

c. 1947.

d. 1948.

29. As a result of the Armistice, the borders of the two Koreas

a. Changed dramatically with North Korea getting most territory.

b. Were exactly the same as before.

c. Were not much different than earlier.

d. Both lost land to China.

30. In 1949 these two events occur that increase the Cold War anxiety of the United States:

a. China becomes communist/the Soviet Union explodes an atomic bomb.

b. The Soviet Union and China ally/the Korean War begins.

c. HUAC hearings are held in Hollywood/the Soviets blockade Berlin.

d. The Marshall Plan/Truman Doctrine are enacted.

Ch. 27 Quiz - America at Midcentury

Page 1

1. Eisenhower achieved all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Major reductions in defense spending.

b. Appointed businessmen to his cabinet.

c. Deregulated the environment.

d. Created the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

2. The following was a negative effect of the Federal Housing Administration (FHA):

a. FHA policies inscribed racial and income segregation into public policy.

b. FHA issued long term mortgage loans.

c. FHA subsidized the housing industry.

d. FHA required less than 10 percent down payment on loans.

3. The GI Bill of Rights

a. Provided educational grants to veterans.

b. Gave veterans a substantial reenlistment bonus.

c. Guaranteed future employment for returning veterans.

d. Gave bonuses only to Korean War veterans.

4. The following was the nation's largest public works project:

a. The Federal Highway Act of 1956.

b. The National Defense Education Act.

c. The Bolder Dam.

d. The Servicemen's Readjustment Act.

5. The Soviet launching of Sputnik prompted

a. The National Defense Education Act.

b. The Federal Highway Act.

c. The GI Bill of Rights.

d. The Submerged Land Act.

6. Betty Friedan's work The Feminine Mystique

a. Celebrated suburban life and the nuclear family.

b. Articulated the frustrations of suburban women.

c. Chronicled the hazards of working women.

d. Stressed the power of positive thinking to middle class women.

7. Studies like Riesman's Lonely Crowd and Whyte's The Organization Man depicted a post WWII American as

a. Conformity minded.

b. Self-reliant.

c. Self disciplined.

d. Nurturing.

8. Southerners feared rock n' roll music because

a. White females might become attracted to black performers.

b. It might bring more northerners into the region.

c. It would destroy parental authority.

d. It would surpass country music.

Page 2

9. The Beats produced a literature that

a. Challenged every element of mainstream 1950s culture.

b. Expressed faith in American ability to retain individuality.

c. Warned of the "tepid, flaccid Middlebrow Culture" of the mass media.

d. Condemned the 1960s counterculture.

10. Why did the United States not come to the aid of the Hungarian Revolution?

a. Eisenhower understood that the Soviet Union would protect Eastern Europe at all costs.

b. Eisenhower did not want to increase military spending.

c. Eisenhower wanted to end the Korean War and did not want to anger the Soviets.

d. Eisenhower wanted to end the Cold War.

11. Hopes for reconciliation with the Soviet Union after the "spirit of Camp David" were dashed by

a. Stalin's death and the emergence of Khrushchev.

b. The Soviet launch of Sputnik.

c. Soviet exposure of American U-2 spy flights.

d. U.S. intervention in the East Berlin uprising.

12. While Eisenhower wanted better relations with the Soviet Union, congress

a. Increased the military budget by $8 billion.

b. Reduced the CIA budget by $8 billion.

c. Organized a separate summit with Khrushchev.

d. Passed laws preventing Eisenhower from d‚tente.

13. Eisenhower's foreign policy depended on nuclear armaments and

a. Covert activity.

b. Expanding the space program.

c. Forcing the Soviets out of eastern Europe.

d. Massive increases in military spending.

14. Why did the CIA force Mohammed Mossadegh out of office in Iran?

a. To protect oil interests in the Middle East.

b. The U.S. wanted a king, not a democratic leader, in Iran.

c. The U.S. worried Mossadegh would nationalize banks.

d. The king of Iraq asked the CIA to remove Mossadegh.

15. In Guatemala, the CIA worked to promote the benefit of

a. United Fruit Company.

b. General Motors Company.

c. General Electric Company.

d. Schlumberger.

16. Why was it difficult for John Kennedy to achieve a liberal domestic agenda?

a. Opposition from conservative southern Democrats in congress.

b. Opposition from northern liberals who believed Kennedy was not sincere.

c. Kennedy's lack of commitment to a liberal agenda.

d. Kennedy's strong commitment to civil rights.

Page 3

17. All of the following are New Frontier programs EXCEPT:

a. The National Defense Education Act.

b. The Peace Corps.

c. Presidential Commission on the status of women.

d. The Revenue Act of 1962.

18. This new cabinet post was created under the Eisenhower Administration:

a. Veterans Affairs.

b. Urban Affairs.

c. Health, Education, and Welfare.

d. Defense.

19. The National Defense Education Act (NDEA) was a bipartisan effort led by Eisenhower in response to the Soviet

a. development of the hydrogen bomb.

b. Launching of the Sputnik satellite.

c. Announcement of a manned space program.

d. U-2 spy flights.

20. Television shows like "Father Knows Best," and "Leave It to Beaver" were

a. about working-class families struggling with the dilemmas of a consumer society.

b. About real problems of postwar families who had survived the depression.

c. Urban ethnic shows based on old radio programs.

d. Idealized affluent suburban WASP middle-class programs.

21. Eisenhower used the domino theory to justify America's

a. military-industrial complex.

b. Containment policy in Asia.

c. Refusal to help seize the Suez Canal.

d. Covert CIA activity in Iran.

22. Eisenhower's choice of Charles Wilson as his secretary of defense and Kennedy's choice of Robert McNamara as his secretary of defense both illustrate

a. appointing Auto executives to run the government like a business.

b. An opposition to the dominance of the military-industrial complex.

c. A governmental reliance on ivy-league college graduates.

d. Appointing former military men as advisors in government.

23. When Khrushchev pledged to withdraw the missiles from Cuba, Kennedy agreed to

a. withdraw missiles from Turkey.

b. Set up a hotline for instant communication between them.

c. Sign a limited nuclear test ban agreement.

d. Respect Cuban sovereignty and not invade the island.

Page 4

24. Which has these events in the correct order?

(1) The Soviets shoot down U-2 spy plane.

(2) The U.S. explodes first hydrogen bomb.

(3) The Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba fails.

(4) The Soviets launch Sputnik.

a. 4,2,1,3

b. 1,2,4,3

c. 2,4,1,3

d. 3,1,4,2

25. In October of this year, the Cuban missile crisis brings the world to the brink of a superpower conflict.

a. 1952.

b. 1956.

c. 1960.

d. 1962.

Ch. 28 Civil Rights and the Great Society

Page 1

1. Rosa Parks was arrested in Montgomery, Alabama because she refused to

a. Pay her fare up front and re-enter the bus from the back.

b. Ride on a blacks only bus.

c. Give up her seat to a white passenger.

d. Sit in the back of the bus.

2. What two firsts raised African Americans' expectations?

a. Jackie Robinson winning Rookie of the Year and Ralph Bunche receiving the Nobel Peace Prize.

b. Integration of the military and jazz music.

c. Anti-lynching legislation and a civil rights division in the Justice Department.

d. Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. winning political office and unions accepting blacks.

3. Truman's boldest move and practical contribution to the civil rights movement was

a. Introducing legislation based on the To Secure These Rights report.

b. Integrating the armed services by executive order.

c. Challenging the segregation laws in Washington, D.C.

d. Implementing recommendations from his presidential committee on civil rights.

4. As early as 1946, Thurgood Marshall, working through the NAACP, obtained the Morgan v. Virginia ruling which declared that segregation was illegal on/in

a. Interstate buses.

b. Federal housing projects.

c. Defense industry jobs.

d. Colleges.

5. The Greensboro sit-in established the following phase in civil rights tactics:

a. Activist phase.

b. Slow legal phase.

c. Violent resistance.

d. Working through the congress and state houses.

6. Later, Eisenhower said that this was "the biggest damn fool mistake I ever made."

a. Publicly endorsing the Brown decision.

b. Sending U.S. troops to Little Rock.

c. Appointing Earl Warren as Chief Justice.

d. Encouraging the "Southern Manifesto."

7. Eisenhower's reason for sending federal troops to Little Rock was

a. To endorse desegregation to the public.

b. Upholding federal authority and enforcing the law.

c. Preventing violence by closing the school.

d. To create an incident to showcase the Brown decision.

Page 2

8. Why did civil rights leaders promote the March on Washington?

a. To pressure congress into passing JFK's civil rights bill.

b. To pressure Kennedy into offering a civil rights bill.

c. To pressure southern Republicans into passing the civil rights bill.

d. To pressure southern police officers not to arrest African Americans.

9. Lyndon Johnson was not a strong supporter of civil rights for most of his political life. However, upon becoming president, he changed his mind because he feared the following group would not support him:

a. Liberals.

b. Conservatives.

c. African Americans.

d. Women voters.

10. The Voting Rights Act provided for

a. Federal supervision of registration in states and counties.

b. The registration of all white southern voters.

c. A declaration of party affiliation.

d. A literacy requirement for voting.

11. Only a few hours after Kennedy's June 1963 speech on civil rights, this Mississippi NAACP leader was killed:

a. James Meredith.

b. Medgar Evers.

c. John Lewis.

d. John Chaney.

12. Operation Wetback

a. Rounded up legal and illegal immigrants and sent them back to Mexico.

b. Increased border patrols.

c. Allowed illegal immigrants to enter southern states.

d. Curbed abuses against aliens and Mexican Americans.

13. Mississippi Freedom Summer was successful in

a. Reaching the coalition ideal of the beloved community.

b. Registering black voters with minimal violence.

c. Using white volunteers to minimize violence against their cause.

d. Focusing attention on racism.

14. One of the consequences of the termination bill was

a. Increase in poverty and alcoholism among Indians.

b. Indian tribes gained greater independence.

c. The U.S. Supreme Court forced the federal government to pay Indian tribes for lost land.

d. The federal government removed tribes to their own land.

15. The new Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965

a. Abolished national origin quotas.

b. Limited the number of Asians that could enter the U.S.

c. Enforced an alien land law.

d. Allowed for confiscation of illegally held land.

Page 3

16. In the late 1940s, the Supreme Court ruled in Mendez v. Westminster that

a. Segregation of Mexican Americans was unconstitutional.

b. The separate but equal doctrine applied to Mexican Americans.

c. Mexican Americans could not be excluded from jury lists.

d. Use of literacy tests for voters was illegal.

17. U.S. government policy from 1954 to 1962 was dominated by House Concurrent Resolution 108 which stressed

a. Termination of tribes as a legal entity.

b. Limited sovereignty.

c. Relocating Indians to reservations.

d. The concept of ethnic Indians as opposed to tribal identity.

18. The victory in Brown v. Board of Education was limited by this second ruling:

a. accepting the idea of "interposition" as a legal argument

b. giving responsibility for implementation to local school boards

c. monitoring would be decided by the local community

d. schools would have a ten-year time plan to implement

19. Greensboro, North Carolina, Nashville, Tennessee, and Atlanta, Georgia were the sites of this particular strategy of the civil rights movement:

a. freedom rides to test the Morgan v. Virginia ruling in interstate buses

b. mass signings of a Southern manifesto to defeat segregation

c. sit-ins at lunch counters and restaurants to protest discrimination

d. voter registration drives to increase the number of black voters

20. The Freedom Rides were to Morgan v. Virginia desegregation on interstate facilities as the Mississippi Freedom Summer was to:

a. voter registration

b. college registration

c. union organizing

d. job opportunity

21. Which one of the following was NOT a crisis planned to arouse national indignation?

a. Birmingham campaign

b. Selma campaign

c. March on Washington

d. Albany movement

22. The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 ended this:

a. termination policy

b. national-origin quotas

c. Operation Wetback

d. Issei citizenship eligibility

Page 4

23. The NAACP was to pursuing legal cases in the black community as THIS group was to the Mexican American Community:

a. LULAC

b. La RAZA

c. BRACERO

d. ANMA

24. The Jones Act of 1917 granted U.S. citizenship to:

a. Issei.

b. Puerto Ricans.

c. Illegal Mexican immigrants.

d. Native Americans not on reservations.

25. The Selma, Alabama voter registration campaign, Malcolm X's assassination, and the Voting Rights Act happened in:

a. 1960.

b. 1961.

c. 1963.

d. 1965.

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