James Coleman



How is an interest group different from a political party?Interest groups often support political candidates for officeMembership in an interest groups is nonrestrictiveInterest group have no legal status in the election processInterest groups control governmentOnly interested people belong to interest groupsWhich of the following is not a function of an interest groupRepresent a broad range of interestRaise awareness and stimulate interest in public affairsServe as a link between its members and governmentProvide information to the governmentProvide a channel for public political participation for the achievement of common goalsAn example of an interest group that would promote a specific cause isThe National GrangeThe Teamsters UnionThe American Bar AssociationThe National Education AssociationThe National Rifle AssociationAn example of a public interest group isThe League of Women VotersThe American Association of Retired PersonsThe American Bar AssociationThe National Council of ChurchesThe American Jewish CongressA method of lobbying by which interest group members and others outside the organization write letters, send telegrams, and make telephone calls to influence policymakers is known asLitigation lobbyingGrassroots lobbyingDirect lobbyingCoalition lobbyingInfluential lobbyingWhich of the following is true regarding the regulation of lobbyingThe Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act was directed at those who tried to influence members of the executive branchThe first major attempt to regulate lobbying came during the Progressive Era in the early years of the 20th centuryIn the second half of the 20th century, laws regulating lobbying became more lenientThe Lobbying Disclosure Act did not apply to lobbyist who attempted to influence congressional staff membersBoth the Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act and The Lobbying Disclosure Act required lobbyist to registerWhich is true of government regulation of the media?Government regulation of the media affects the print media more than the broadcast mediaStructural regulations deal with issues affecting the organization of broadcasting companiesThe Telecommunications Act (1996) restricted competition among broadcasting companiesThe Federal Communications Commission is restricted to the regulation of interstate commerceThe First Amendment protects the broadcasting media from the regulation of contentIn history of radio as a mode of mass media, which American president was first to make the medium a regular feature of his administration as a method of informing the people?Ronald ReaganFranklin RooseveltBill ClintonGeorge H. W. BushHarry TrumanWhich of the following has been an important function in the role of the mass mediaDirecting governmentAgenda settingInforming the publicShaping public opinionII,III, and IV onlyI, II, and III onlyI onlyII and IV onlyII and IV onlyThose media executives and news editors who decide which events to present and how to present the news are calledContent regulatorsGatekeepersTechnical regulatorsTelecommunication regulatorsMedia representativesWhen a political action committee makes a contribution to an elected official, the expectation is thatThe elected official will vote the way the interest group wantsThe interest group will have access to the elected officialThe elected official will provide jobs for members of the interest groupThe elected official will make the interest group is not audited by the IRSThe elected official will kick back a portion of the contribution to lobbyistAll the following are examples of economic interest group EXCEPTAmerican Farm Bureau FederationConsumer Union of the United StatesService Employees International UnionAmerican Bankers AssociationAmerican Federation of TeachersIn order to contribute to the campaign of a presidential candidate, an interest groupCan make the donation directly to the candidateMust earmark money for voter educationCan give the money only to the national partyMust create a political action committee to raise and distribute moneyMust approve ads bought with its money The free-rider problem refers toCandidates for office who face no primary oppositionCandidates with great personal wealth who do not need PAC moneyMembers of Congress who take gifts from lobbyistNon-germane amendments added to a billPeople who benefit from an interest group do not join the groupLobbyist try to influence public policy by all the following EXCEPT :Mobilizing grass- roots supportTestifying before congressional committeesMeeting with federal district judgesSpeaking with heads of federal agenciesProviding research data to government officialsA lobbyist for the National Rifle Association is most likely to get support of A Republican who voted for Brady BillAn incumbent facing a difficult reelectionA liberal DemocratA newly elected senatorA conservative RepublicanWhich of the following is the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund LEAST likely to do to achieve its goals?Lobby Congress on immigration reformEndorse only Hispanic candidates for officeFile a lawsuit involving immigrant employment discriminationChallenge local English-only ordinancesSubmit a restricting plan to increase Latino voter strengthInterest groups participate in electoral politics by Endorsing candidates Urging members to vote for a candidateRunning candidates for officeLobbying for term limits for CongressI onlyI and II onlyI, II, and IV onlyI, II, and III onlyI, II, III, and IVThe people attracted to interest groups are most likelyCollege educatedSocial conservativesCommitted independent votersLiberal activistRacial/ethnic minoritiesWhich one of the following statements about lobbyist is NOT true?Lobbyist are often former government officialsLobbyist must register with the House and the SenateLobbyist cannot represent foreign countriesMany interest groups have their own lobbyist on staffStrong interpersonal skills are important to a lobbyist’s successA former undersecretary in the Department of Energy becomes a consultant for the American Petroleum Institute and testifies before Congress on the regulation of offshore oil drilling. This is an example ofAn iron triangleInfluence peddlingAn issue networkThe revolving doorEffective lobbyingWhen AARP produces its Guide to Internet Resources on Aging. It is supporting which function of an interest group?Member benefitsEducationRepresentationLobbyingElectioneeringContributions by Corporate and Labor PACs to Senate Campaigns, 2008CandidateCorporate PACLabor PacDemocratic incumbent$ 8,833,380$ 2,453,773Democratic challenger$ 660,675$ 2,907,048Open seat$ 1,967,283$ 1,220,717Republican incumbent$ 18,554,270$ 391,150Republican challenger$ 2,101,329$ 59,850Open seat$ 1,172,215$ 20,500The above table supports all the following conclusions EXCEPTCorporate PACs raise considerably more money than unionsPACs gave the most money to incumbentsCorporate PACs supported Republican candidates by a wide marginUnions overwhelmingly backed Democrats running for the SenateLabor unions are much more willing than corporate PACs to fight for an open seatWhich of the following statements about interest group is valid?Interest groups try to influence policymaking only at the federal levelInterest groups are composed only of individual membersIn almost all cases, the potential membership of an interest group is greater than its actual membershipInterest groups get all their funding from membership duesInterest groups are most effective when they deal with multiple issuesLobbyist must file reports of their activities, including information about their clients, with theFederal Election CommissionJustice DepartmentSecurities and Exchange CommissionHouse of Representatives and SenateOffice of Management and BudgetAn interest group is most likely to have influence in Congress with which of the following situations?An issue that is narrow in scope and low in public visibilityAn issue that is part of the president’s legislative packageAn issue that has been highly dramatized by the mediaAn issue that engages legislators’ deeply held convictionsAn issue that divides legislators along party linesAll the following statements concerning interest groups are true EXCEPTThey are policy expertsThey attempt to appeal to a broad spectrum of political interestThey often run their own candidates for public officeThey lobby different levels of governmentThey have specific policy goalsSpecial interest groups do all of the following EXCEPTTestify at congressional hearingsDonate money to a federal judgesEndorse candidates for political officeTry to influence the mediaWork on the campaigns of candidatesAll the following arguments are essential to the special interest theory of politics EXCEPTInterest groups compete with each otherInterest groups provide linkage between people and governmentOne or two interest groups may dominate the debate over legislationInterest groups encourage membership from diverse groups that may disagree with their goalsInterest groups have been protected by Supreme Court decisionsWhich of the following represents a major reason for proliferation of special interest and lobby groups?The reactive nature of interest groups and lobbyist to new issuesThe increase in donations received by interest groups from their membershipThe trust citizens have in the legislative processThe ability of lobbyist and special interest groups to get members from their own group to run for political officeThe increasing demand for campaign reformWhich of the following officials do lobbyist most succeed with?Officials who have a basic philosophical affinity with the lobbyistOfficials who have a basic philosophical difference with the lobbyistOfficials who are neutral with the lobbyist’s positionOfficials who have strong convictionsOfficials who are very conservativesA significant amount of PAC money most likely goes toCandidates challenging Republican seatsCandidates challenging Democratic seatsCandidates who are new to the political sceneCandidates who have wide philosophical differences with the PACCandidates who hold incumbent statusWhich of the following techniques would a lobbyist be likely to use to influence legislation in Congress?Organize a demonstration in Washington just before a key House voteEnsure that the corporation’s political action committee makes donations to the campaigns of members of key committeesMeet informally with Senate aides over lunch or cocktailsBring influential constituents to Washington to discuss important policy matters with their representativesI onlyII onlyII, III, and IV onlyI, II, and III onlyI, II, III and IVWhich of the following statements represents the main function of special interest groups?They eventually want to end up as political office holdersThey nominate candidates for political officeThey have the primary function of funding political campaignsThey want to influence officeholders and achieve legislative goalsThey attempt to recruit an elite membership in order to become influentialWhich of the following situations represents a legislative victory for a special interest group?The NRA’s repeal of the assault weapon banMADD’s successful lobbying for a national drinking ageThe Veterans of Foreign Wars’ successfully fight for the American with Disabilities ActThe NAACP successfully lobbying for the Civil Rights Act of 1964I onlyII onlyII, III and IV onlyI, II, III, and IV onlyI and IV onlyAll the following are techniques used by lobbyist EXCEPTTestifying at congressional hearingsProviding officials with research informationAppearing on the floor of Congress as staff assistants to senators and representativesTaking senators and representatives to conferences sponsored by a special interest groupGiving senators and representatives feedback from their constituentsWhich of the following statements represents a potential conflict of interest?A. lobbyists work closely with the interest groups that hired themLobbyists are former government officials who have close ties with current legislatorsLobbyists are persistent in making sure that the results they get do not change before a voteLobbyists know as much and sometimes even more than legislators about pending legislationLobbyists attempt to convince senators and representatives that if they support their position they will receive the support of their constituencyThe major impact of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1974 was that itEliminated lobbyist gifts and vacations for legislatorsSet strict contribution limitations for congressional campaignsCreated matching funds for congressional campaignsLegitimized and increased the number of interest groupsCreated strict registration and procedures for lobbyistsThere are thousands of interest groups in the United States becauseThe political system is stableMany believe they have a right to have access to leadersThe political system is equally open to allThe political system is rapidly changed by public inputThe parties are unable to control the political agendaMost interest groupsHelp the members with benefitsSupport both partiesBring out large numbers of votersSupport only one partyHire lobbyists to work for themThe political power of interest groups lies inBringing money to campaignsLobbying leaders and persuading themGathering many members to contact the leadersPicking keys issues to protect or changeAll of the aboveThe most powerful interest groups tend to beRepresentatives of major industriesRepresentatives of issues, groups, or causesRepresentatives of minoritiesOnly concerned which conservatives issuedThe most professionalMadison and other early leaders feared that “factions” wouldSplit the country into party groupsStop the ratification of the ConstitutionTake control of regions and block minority groupsHave too much influence on national leadersAll of the aboveWhich of the following could be defined as a “splinter” party?The Libertarian PartyThe Socialist Labor PartyThe Communist PartyThe Reform PartyThe Green PartyWhich of the following is NOT a function of American political parties?Serving as the loyal opposition Fomenting armed rebellionSelecting and funding candidatesEducating the publican on issuesGoverning the nationWho of the following people would be most likely to be a Democrat?A Cuban AmericanA religious evangelicalA white SouthernerA Mexican AmericanA pro-liferWhich of the following is NOT generally a method that interest groups use to influence the government?BriberyDirect lobbyingTestifying before CongressPolitical donationsEndorsementsPolitical Action Committees (PACs) were formed to allow unions and corporations toRun their own members for political officeFunnel limited amounts of money to candidates of their choiceFunnel unlimited amounts of money to candidates of their choiceHave a voice in government policy meetingsSit down together to work out their differences ................
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