I Supreme Court of the United States

No. 19-1392

In the

Supreme Court of the United States

THOMAS E. DOBBS, STATE HEALTH OFFICER OF THE MISSISSIPPI DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, et al.,

Petitioners, v. JACKSON WOMEN'S HEALTH ORGANIZATION, et al.,

Respondents.

On Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

AMICI CURIAE BRIEF OF 547 DEANS, CHAIRS, SCHOLARS AND PUBLIC HEALTH PROFESSIONALS, THE AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION, THE GUTTMACHER

INSTITUTE, AND THE CENTER FOR U.S. POLICY, IN SUPPORT OF RESPONDENTS

307296

Edward T. Waters Counsel of Record

Phillip A. Escoriaza Rosie Dawn Griffin Feldesman Tucker Leifer

Fidell LLP 1129 20th Street, N.W.,

Fourth Floor Washington, D.C. 20036 (202) 466-8960 ewaters@

Counsel for Amici Curiae

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page

TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i

TABLE OF APPENDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

TABLE OF CITED AUTHORITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

INTEREST OF AMICI CURIAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

III. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

ARGUMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

I. Abortion Is An Essential Component Of The Full Continuum Of Reproductive Health Care And A Basic Means Of Avoiding The Adverse Health Effects Of Unintended Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

A. Abortion Plays an Essential Role in Women's Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

B. Abortion Access is Related to Healthy Pregnancy and Childbirth . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

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II. Children Of Women Who Experience Unintended Pregnancies Face Greater Risks To Life And Health, Including PreTerm Birth, Low Birthweight, And Impaired Child Development And Well-Being . . . . . . . . . 16

A. Unintended Pregnancy is More Likely to Result in Pre-Term Birth, Low Birthweight, and Impaired Development . . 16

B. Children of Women Who Experience Unintended Pregnancies Are More Likely to Suffer Adverse Child Experiences With Lifelong Consequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

1. Unintended Pregnancy Resulting in Birth is Associated with Violence Against Women and Lifelong Consequences for Children . . . . . . . . . 20

2. Unintended Pregnancy and Birth is Associated with Greater Parental Mental Health Challenges and Lifelong Consequences for Children . 21

3. Unintended Pregnancy and Birth is Associated with Elevated Rates of Death, Divorce, or Separation and Lifelong Consequences for Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

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III. Mississippi And Thirteen Other States With Extensive Abortion Restrictions Invest The Least In The Health And WellBeing Of Women And Children And Show The Worst Health Outcomes For Mothers, Infants And Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

A. Certain States, Including Mississippi, Lead the Nation in the Number of Abortion Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

B. Measures of Health and Health Investment in Mississippi and Other High-Restriction States Reveal Deeply Deficient Safety Net Investments and Poor Health Outcomes Among Women, Children, and Families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

1. M at er n a l a nd Ch i ld He a lt h Indicators in Mississippi and the Other High-Restriction States Reveal Poorer Public Health Outcomes Compared to States with Greater Abortion Access . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2. SafetyNetInvestmentisInadequate in Mississippi and the Other HighRestriction States and Lower than that in States with Greater Abortion Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

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TABLE OF APPENDICES

Page Listing of Individual Amici Curiae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1a

Table 1: States Ranked by Performance on Key Indicators of Women's Health, Maternal Health, and the Health of Infants and Children: 50 States and the District of Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . a

Table 2: State Policies Related to Key Investments in Health and Health Care Services for Women of Childbearing Age, Women Who are Pregnant, Infants, Children, and Families: 50 States and the District of Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a

Table 3: State Rankings Among States Adopting Seven or More Abortion Restrictions, Including a Ban at a Specific Gestational Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a

Table 4: State Policies Among States Adopting Seven or More Abortion Restrictions, Including a Ban at a Specific Gestational Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a

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TABLE OF CITED AUTHORITIES Cases

Page

June Medical Services, LLC v. Russo, 140 S. Ct. 2103 (2020) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pa. v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Whole Women's Health v. Hellerstedt, 136 S. Ct. 2292, as revised (June 27, 2016) . . . . . . 9, 25

Statutes & Rules

42 U.S.C. ?601 et seq. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

42 U.S.C. ?1396a(a)(10)(A)(i)(IV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

42 U.S.C. ?1396a(a)(10)(A)(i)(VIII) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

42 U.S.C. ?1396a(a)(10)(A)(ii)(IX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

42 U.S.C. ?1396a(a)(10)(A)(ii)(XXI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

42 U.S.C. ?1396a(a)(10)(B)(ii) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

42 U.S.C. ?1396a(l)(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

42 U.S.C. ?1396a(l)(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

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Cited Authorities

Page 42 U.S.C. ?1396a et seq. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

42 U.S.C. ?1397 et seq. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, Pub. L. 111?48 (Mar. 23, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

U.S. Sup. Ct. R. 37.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Other Authorities

Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality, U.S. Dept. of Health & Human Servs., Minority Health: Recent Findings (2013), https://w w w.sites/default/files/ wysiwyg/research/findings/factsheets/ minority/minorfind/minorfind.pdf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Amirhossein Moaddab et al., Health Care Disparity and Pregnancy-Related Mortality in the United States, 2005?2014, 131 Ob. & Gyn. 707 (2018), w. com /g r e enjou r n a l / F u l lt e x t / 2 018 /0 4 0 0 0 / Health_Ca re_Dispa r ity _ and_Preg nancy _ Related.15.aspx?sessionEnd=true . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Amy M. Branum & Jo Jones, Trends in Long-Acting Reversible Contraception Use Among U.S. Women Aged 15?44, 188 Natl. Ctr. for Health Stat. Data Brief (2015), . nlm.25714042/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

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Cited Authorities

Page

Bradley Corallo & Robin Rudowitz, Analysis of Recent National Trends in Medicaid and CHIP Enrollment, Kaiser Family Foundation (2021), https://w w w. / coronavirus-covid-19/issue-brief/analysis-ofrecent-national-trends-in-medicaid-and-chipenrollment/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Caitlin Gerdts et al., Side effects, physical health consequences, and mortality associated with abortion and birth after an unwanted pregnancy, 26 Women's Health Issues 55 (2015), . . . . . . . 10

Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Abortion Surveillance (2018), X2KW-MDSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

CDC, Adverse Childhood Experiences (2020), index.html . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18, 20

CDC, Entry into Prenatal Care--United States, 1989?1997 (2000), https://w w w. mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4918a1.htm . . . . . . . 27

CDC, Health (2019), index.htm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

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