Protein Synthesis
Protein Synthesis
• Protein synthesis is the making of _______________, using the information that is found in ____________.
• Proteins are long chains of small molecules called ______________ ____________. Different proteins are made by using a ______________ sequence of amino acids.
• Pieces of information in DNA are called __________.
Transcription: means ____________ _____________
• Protein synthesis begins with the ________ molecule. The DNA of this gene will ____________ like it does in replication. *The enzyme that separates the DNA strand at a specific gene is ___________________.
• In protein synthesis, only ____________ ____________ of the DNA will be used.
• A single strand of _____________ forms and _________________ (copies) the genetic information from the DNA. This strand of RNA is called ________________________ or mRNA. *The enzyme that connects and assembles the ribonucleotides is called ________________________________.
• The DNA “zips” closed and remains in the ___________________.
• The mRNA will leave the nucleus and travel to a _____________________.
FYI: RNA which stands for RIBONUCLEIC ACID is ___________ stranded, contains a ________________ sugar, and has URACIL instead of _______________.
DNAStrand:
mRNA Strand:
Translation
• The mRNA contains information in sets of _______ and each set of ________ codes for a specific __________ __________. Each set of three is called a CODON.
• The mRNA molecule wil attach to the ___________ found in the cell. Ribosomes are also made up of RNA. Ribosomal RNA is called _________________. (Where in the cell are ribosomes (rRNA) made? ______________________)
• A molecule of __________ RNA or tRNA will carry in the proper amino acid. If the tRNA ANTICODON matches with the codon sequence, the tRNA will attach temporarily to the mRNA strand.
• After a 2nd tRNA molecule matches an mRNA codon, an amino acid will be deposited. tRNAs will continue to deposit amino acids when codons and anti-codons match. The bond created between 2 amino acids is called a ______________ bond.
• The chain of amino acids is called a poly____________ or a ________________.
DNA
mRNA
tRNA
AA[pic]
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AT
T
G
C
T
G
T
G
G
T
A
G
T
G
G
................
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