27J Schools / Home



Mitosis vs. MeiosisMitosis?or?Meiosis?This represents a tiny embryo just beginning to form. Once an egg is fertilized, the resulting single cell must divide many, many times to develop a fetus. Both mitosis and meiosis involve cell division; is this type of cell division an example of mitosis or meiosis? The answer is mitosis. With each division you are making a genetically exact copy of the parent cell, which only happens through mitosis.Mitosis vs. MeiosisBoth?mitosis?and?meiosis?result in eukaryotic?cells?dividing. So what is the difference between mitosis and meiosis? The primary difference is the differing goals of each process. The goal of mitosis is to produce two?daughter cells?that are genetically identical to the parent cell, meaning the new?cells?have exactly the same?DNA?as the parent cell. Mitosis happens when you want to grow, for example. You want all your new cells to have the same DNA as the previous cells. The goal of meiosis, however, is to produce sperm or eggs, also known as?gametes. The resulting gametes are not genetically identical to the parent cell. Gametes are?haploid?cells, with only half the?DNA?present in the?diploid?parent cell. This is necessary so that when a sperm and an egg combine at?fertilization, the resulting?zygote?has the correct amount of?DNA—not twice as much as the parents. The zygote then begins to divide through mitosis.Pictured below is a comparison between?binary fission?(Figure?below), which is?cell division?of prokaryotic organisms, mitosis, and meiosis. Mitosis and meiosis are also compared in the table that follows (Table?below).A comparison between binary fission, mitosis, and meiosis.MitosisMeiosisPurposeTo produce new cellsTo produce gametesNumber of Cells Produced24Rounds of Cell Division12Haploid or DiploidDiploidHaploidDaughter cells identical to parent cells?YesNoDaughter cells identical to each other?YesNoHomework:Define all bold faced words, answer questions, write summary in journal. What is the goal of mitosis? Of meiosis?How many cells are created from cytokinesis following mitosis? Following meiosis?Which process, mitosis to meiosis, creates genetically identical cells?Use the resources below to answer the questions that follow.Explore More IMitosis and Meiosis Simulation?at??(11:53)What are homologous?chromosomes?How do the location of specific genes compare between homologous?chromosomes?What is the outcome from mitosis?What is a tetrad? Why are they an important feature of meiosis?How does meiosis differ between females and males?Explore More IIHow Cells Divide?at? many daughter cells arise from mitosis? How many daughter cells are produced in meiosis?How does the attachment of spindle fibers differ between mitosis and meiosis I?Is anaphase I or anaphase II in meiosis more analogous to anaphase in mitosis? Explain your reasoning.How many steps are there in mitosis? How many steps are there in meiosis?How does interphase I of meiosis differ from interphase II of meiosis?ReviewWhat is the goal of mitosis? Of meiosis?How many cells are created from cytokinesis following mitosis? Following meiosis?Which process, mitosis to meiosis, creates genetically identical cells?"Gametes are haploid cells." What does this sentence mean?Vocabulary ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download