A.F. CAROSELLA ELECTRICAL SEMINARS



ELECTRICAL CONTINUING EDUCATIONCAROSELLA ELECTRICAL SEMINARS56 Cobble Stone Rd. Longmeadow, Ma. 01106Alcarosella@(413) 567-9101Connecticut2020 RENEWAL YEAR CONFERENCE WORKBOOKLicenses E1, E2, E5, E92017 NEC Chapters 4-5CT Building CodesApplicable AmendmentsContinuing Education for Connecticut Electricians for the Renewal of LicensePublic Act 02-142, pursuant to Section 20-334d of the Connecticut General Statutes, requires that all types of Electrical license holders have to obtain four (4)hours of continuing education of instruction to renew their respective license in the year 2019.The reader is expressly warned to consider and adopt all safety precautions that might be Indicated by the activities herein to avoid all potential hazards. By following the instructions contained herein, the reader willingly assumes all risks in connection with such instructions. The provider or instructor makes no representation or warranties of any kind,including but not limited to, the warranties of fitness for particularly purpose of mechantability nor are any such representations implied with respect to the material set forth herein, and the provider or instructor takes no responsibility with respect to such material. The provider or instructor shall not be liable for any special, consequential, or exemplary damages resulting in whole or part, from the readers' use of, or reliance upon, this material.2020 CTConnecticut General Statues and RegulationsSec. 20-340. Exemptions from licensing requirements. The provisions of this chapter shall not apply to: (1) Persons employed by any federal, state or municipal agency; (2) employees of any public service company regulated by the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority or of any corporate affiliate of any such company when the work performed by such affiliate is on behalf of a public service company, but in either case only if the work performed is in connection with the rendition of public utility service, including the installation or maintenance of wire for community antenna television service, or is in connection with the installation or maintenance of wire or telephone sets for single-line telephone service located inside the premises of a consumer; (3) employees of any municipal corporation specially chartered by this state; (4) employees of any contractor while such contractor is performing electrical-line or emergency work for any public service company; (5) persons engaged in the installation, maintenance, repair and service of electrical or other appliances of a size customarily used for domestic use where such installation commences at an outlet receptacle or connection previously installed by persons licensed to do the same and maintenance, repair and service is confined to the appliance itself and its internal operation; (6) employees of industrial firms whose main duties concern the maintenance of the electrical work, plumbing and piping work, solar thermal work, heating, piping, cooling work, sheet metal work, elevator installation, repair and maintenance work, automotive glass work or flat glass work of such firm on its own premises or on premises leased by it for its own use; (7) employees of industrial firms when such employees' main duties concern the fabrication of glass products or electrical, plumbing and piping, fire protection sprinkler systems, solar, heating, piping, cooling, chemical piping, sheet metal or elevator installation, repair and maintenance equipment used in the production of goods sold by industrial firms, except for products, electrical, plumbing and piping systems and repair and maintenance equipment used directly in the production of a product for human consumption; (8) persons performing work necessary to the manufacture or repair of any apparatus, appliances, fixtures, equipment or devices produced by it for sale or lease; (9) employees of stage and theatrical companies performing the operation, installation and maintenance of electrical equipment if such installation commences at an outlet receptacle or connection previously installed by persons licensed to make such installation; (10) employees of carnivals, circuses or similar transient amusement shows who install electrical work, provided such installation shall be subject to the approval of the State Fire Marshal prior to use as otherwise provided by law and shall comply with applicable municipal ordinances and regulations; (11) persons engaged in the installation, maintenance, repair and service of glass or electrical, plumbing, fire protection sprinkler systems, solar, heating, piping, cooling and sheet metal equipment in and about single-family residences owned and occupied or to be occupied by such persons; provided any such installation, maintenance and repair shall be subject to inspection and approval by the building official of the municipality in which such residence is located and shall conform to the requirements of the State Building Code; (12) persons who install, maintain or repair glass in a motor vehicle owned or leased by such persons; (13) persons or entities holding themselves out to be retail sellers of glass products, but not such persons or entities that also engage in automotive glass work or flat glass work; (14) persons who install preglazed or preassembled windows or doors in residential or commercial buildings; (15) persons registered under chapter 400 who install safety-backed mirror products or repair or replace flat glass in sizes not greater than thirty square feet in residential buildings; (16) sheet metal work performed in residential buildings consisting of six units or less by new home construction contractors registered pursuant to chapter 399a, by home improvement contractors registered pursuant to chapter 400 or by persons licensed pursuant to this chapter, when such work is limited to exhaust systems installed for hoods and fans in kitchens and baths, clothes dryer exhaust systems, radon vent systems, fireplaces, fireplace flues, masonry chimneys or prefabricated metal chimneys rated by Underwriters Laboratories or installation of stand-alone appliances including wood, pellet or other stand-alone stoves that are installed in residential buildings by such contractors or persons; (17) employees of or any contractor employed by and under the direction of a properly licensed solar contractor, performing work limited to the hoisting, placement and anchoring of solar collectors, photovoltaic panels, towers or turbines; (18) persons performing swimming pool maintenance and repair work authorized pursuant to section 20-417aa; and (19) any employee of the Connecticut Airport Authority covered by a state collective bargaining agreement.Sec. 20-332-15a. Employment of apprentices(a) Nothing in Chapter 393 of the General Statutes shall be construed to prohibit theemployment of apprentices.(b) An apprentice may perform the work for which he is being trained only in thepresence and under the direct supervision of a licensed contractor or journeyman in histrade, and shall comply with all the regulations pertaining thereto.(c) No apprentice shall at any time engage in any of the work for which a license isrequired without direct supervision. Direct supervision shall mean under the guidance of alicensed contractor or journeyman and within the sight and/or hearing of said licensedperson.(d) Any person who encourages or permits an apprentice or helper to so engage in thework or occupation for which a license is required without direct supervision shall also besubject to appropriate disciplinary action. The contractor who obtains the permit for thework for which a license is required shall be deemed to have encouraged or permitted theapprentice or helper to work without direct supervision for the purpose of disciplinary actionby the appropriate board.(e) RatiosNothing in Chapter 393 of the General Statutes shall be construed to prohibit theemployment of apprentices by a licensed contractor in the electrical, plumbing, heating,piping and cooling, sprinkler fitter or sheet metal work trades according to the followingschedule:- 20 -Regulations of Connecticut State AgenciesTITLE 20. Professional & Occupational Licensing, CertificationRevised: 2018-1-3Department of Consumer ProtectionR.C.S.A. §§ 20-332-1—20-332-21a§20-332-16TRADEElectrical, Plumbing, Heating, Piping and Cooling, Sprinkler Fitter and Sheet Metal WorkRatio continues at 3 Journeypersons to 1 Apprentice.(f) How to register as an apprentice.(1) No apprentice shall perform the work of any occupation covered by Chapter 393 ofthe General Statutes unless he has first obtained a card of registration from the ConnecticutDepartment of Labor.(2) Prior to employing an apprentice, the contractor shall communicate immediately withthe Connecticut Department of Labor to request registration of said apprentice.(3) When registration is requested for an area of the trade which is not available throughthe Connecticut Department of Labor, said contractor shall make his request to theappropriate board prior to the employment of the apprentice.(Effective November 20, 1992; Amended June 10, 2011; Amended December 8, 2017)Sec. 20-332-16. Prohibited acts. Records. Lettering on commercial vehicles(a) Any licensee who installs, performs or directs the performance of work in violationof any applicable state statute, state code, or state regulation, any municipal code orordinance, any of these regulations, or who violates generally accepted basic trade practicesshall be subject to disciplinary action by the appropriate board.(b) Licensed contractors alone shall be permitted to acquire building permits to performwork covered by chapter 393 of the General Statutes and the regulations promulgatedthereunder. In order to apply for a building permit to perform work covered by chapter 393of the General Statutes and the regulations adopted thereunder a contractor shall be directlyemployed by the business on a regular and full time basis. In applying for the buildingpermit to perform work covered by chapter 393 of the General Statutes and the regulationspromulgated thereunder the contractor is attesting to the fact that he is responsible for andwill directly supervise the work being performed under said permit. Except as provided forin Section 20-338b of the General Statutes, the licensed contractor must sign each buildingpermit application personally and may not delegate the signing of the permit to anyemployee, subcontractor or other agent. Any licensed contractor who violates theseregulations shall be subject to disciplinary action by the appropriate board.(c) No licensee shall engage in or offer to engage in business under any name other thanthat stated on his application for a license unless he has notified the board ten days prior tousing the new name.(d) Any holder of a journeyman’s license who performs work without being in the directand regular employ of a properly licensed contractor shall be subject to disciplinary actionby the appropriate board.(e) All licensed contractors shall keep a record of all employees they employ and exhibitsuch records to the Commissioner or her agents upon request.(f) No one shall perform any work beyond the limitations stated on his license regardlessof the type of license his employer holds. Further, no one holding a limited or unlimitedjourneyman’s license can perform any work beyond the limitations of the license held bythe contractor for whom he is employed.(g) The lettering of the state license numbers required to be displayed on all commercialvehicles used in the contractor’s business shall be at least one inch high and legible.(h) Any holder of a contractor’s license who installs, performs or directs the performanceof work for which a building permit is required shall cause said performance of work to beperformed by a person licensed or registered under the provisions of Section 20-334 of theGeneral Statutes. The contractor who obtains the building permit shall be deemed to havecaused or directed the performance of all work performed under the building permit.(i) No person shall use solder containing mre than 0.2 per cent lead in making joints andfitting in any public or private plumbing, heating or cooling system, or fire protection systemas defined in Sections 20-330 (3), 20-330- (5) and 20-330 (9) of the general statutesSec. 20-335. License fee. Continuing professional education requirements. Expiration and renewal. Any person who has successfully completed an examination for such person's initial license under this chapter shall pay to the Department of Consumer Protection a fee of one hundred fifty dollars for a contractor's license or a fee of one hundred twenty dollars for any other such license. Any such initial license fee shall be waived for persons who present a recommendation for review issued pursuant to section 31-22u. All such licenses shall expire annually. No person shall carry on or engage in the work or occupations subject to this chapter after the expiration of such person's license until such person has filed an application bearing the date of such person's registration card with the appropriate board. Such application shall be in writing, addressed to the secretary of the board from which such renewal is sought and signed by the person applying for such renewal. A licensee applying for renewal shall, at such times as the commissioner shall by regulation prescribe, furnish evidence satisfactory to the board that the licensee has completed any continuing professional education required under sections 20-330 to 20-341, inclusive, or any regulations adopted thereunder. The board may renew such license if the application for such renewal is received by the board no later than one month after the date of expiration of such license, upon payment to the department of a renewal fee of one hundred fifty dollars in the case of a contractor and of one hundred twenty dollars for any other such license. For any completed renewal application submitted pursuant to this section that requires a hearing or other action by the applicable examining board, such hearing or other action by the applicable examining board shall occur not later than thirty days after the date of submission for such completed renewal application. The department shall issue a receipt stating the fact of such payment, which receipt shall be a license to engage in such work or occupation. A licensee who has failed to renew such licensee's license for a period of over two years from the date of expiration of such license shall have it reinstated only upon complying with the requirements of section 20-333. All license fees and renewal fees paid to the department pursuant to this section shall be deposited in the General Fund.Sec. 20-338a. Work required to be performed by licensed persons. Any contractor who applies for a building permit from a local building official for any work required to be performed by a person licensed under the provisions of this chapter, shall cause such work to be performed by a person licensed under the provisions of this chapter.Sec. 20-338b. Building permit applications. Who may sign. Any licensed contractor who seeks to obtain a permit from a building official may sign the building permit application personally or delegate the signing of the building permit application to an employee, subcontractor or other agent of the licensed contractor, provided, the licensed contractor's employee, subcontractor or other agent submits to the building official a dated letter on the licensed contractor's letterhead, signed by the licensed contractor, stating that the bearer of the letter is authorized to sign the building permit application as the agent of the licensed contractor. The letter shall not be a copy or a facsimile, but shall be an original letter bearing the original signature of the licensed contractor. The letter shall also include: (1) The name of the municipality where the work is to be performed; (2) the job name or a description of the job; (3) the starting date of the job; (4) the name of the licensed contractor; (5) the name of the licensed contractor's agent; and (6) the license numbers of all contractors to be involved in the work.Sec. 20-338c. Work not to commence until permit obtained. No person licensed pursuant to sections 20-330 to 20-341, inclusive, shall commence work within the scope of sections 20-330 to 20-341, inclusive, unless each applicable permit with respect to the specific work being performed by such licensee has been obtained as required pursuant to local ordinances and the general statutes.Sec. 20-340. Exemptions from licensing requirements. The provisions of this chapter shall not apply to: (1) Persons employed by any federal, state or municipal agency; (2) employees of any public service company regulated by the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority or of any corporate affiliate of any such company when the work performed by such affiliate is on behalf of a public service company, but in either case only if the work performed is in connection with the rendition of public utility service, including the installation or maintenance of wire for community antenna television service, or is in connection with the installation or maintenance of wire or telephone sets for single-line telephone service located inside the premises of a consumer; (3) employees of any municipal corporation specially chartered by this state; (4) employees of any contractor while such contractor is performing electrical-line or emergency work for any public service company; (5) persons engaged in the installation, maintenance, repair and service of electrical or other appliances of a size customarily used for domestic use where such installation commences at an outlet receptacle or connection previously installed by persons licensed to do the same and maintenance, repair and service is confined to the appliance itself and its internal operation; (6) employees of industrial firms whose main duties concern the maintenance of the electrical work, plumbing and piping work, solar thermal work, heating, piping, cooling work, sheet metal work, elevator installation, repair and maintenance work, automotive glass work or flat glass work of such firm on its own premises or on premises leased by it for its own use; (7) employees of industrial firms when such employees' main duties concern the fabrication of glass products or electrical, plumbing and piping, fire protection sprinkler systems, solar, heating, piping, cooling, chemical piping, sheet metal or elevator installation, repair and maintenance equipment used in the production of goods sold by industrial firms, except for products, electrical, plumbing and piping systems and repair and maintenance equipment used directly in the production of a product for human consumption; (8) persons performing work necessary to the manufacture or repair of any apparatus, appliances, fixtures, equipment or devices produced by it for sale or lease; (9) employees of stage and theatrical companies performing the operation, installation and maintenance of electrical equipment if such installation commences at an outlet receptacle or connection previously installed by persons licensed to make such installation; (10) employees of carnivals, circuses or similar transient amusement shows who install electrical work, provided such installation shall be subject to the approval of the State Fire Marshal prior to use as otherwise provided by law and shall comply with applicable municipal ordinances and regulations; (11) persons engaged in the installation, maintenance, repair and service of glass or electrical, plumbing, fire protection sprinkler systems, solar, heating, piping, cooling and sheet metal equipment in and about single-family residences owned and occupied or to be occupied by such persons; provided any such installation, maintenance and repair shall be subject to inspection and approval by the building official of the municipality in which such residence is located and shall conform to the requirements of the State Building Code; (12) persons who install, maintain or repair glass in a motor vehicle owned or leased by such persons; (13) persons or entities holding themselves out to be retail sellers of glass products, but not such persons or entities that also engage in automotive glass work or flat glass work; (14) persons who install preglazed or preassembled windows or doors in residential or commercial buildings; (15) persons registered under chapter 400 who install safety-backed mirror products or repair or replace flat glass in sizes not greater than thirty square feet in residential buildings; (16) sheet metal work performed in residential buildings consisting of six units or less by new home construction contractors registered pursuant to chapter 399a, by home improvement contractors registered pursuant to chapter 400 or by persons licensed pursuant to this chapter, when such work is limited to exhaust systems installed for hoods and fans in kitchens and baths, clothes dryer exhaust systems, radon vent systems, fireplaces, fireplace flues, masonry chimneys or prefabricated metal chimneys rated by Underwriters Laboratories or installation of stand-alone appliances including wood, pellet or other stand-alone stoves that are installed in residential buildings by such contractors or persons; (17) employees of or any contractor employed by and under the direction of a properly licensed solar contractor, performing work limited to the hoisting, placement and anchoring of solar collectors, photovoltaic panels, towers or turbines; (18) persons performing swimming pool maintenance and repair work authorized pursuant to section 20-417aa; and (19) any employee of the Connecticut Airport Authority covered by a state collective bargaining agreement.Sec. 20-341. Penalties for violations. (a) Any person who wilfully engages in or practices the work or occupation for which a license is required by this chapter or chapter 399b without having first obtained an apprentice permit or a certificate and license for such work, as applicable, or who wilfully employs or supplies for employment a person who does not have a certificate and license for such work, or who wilfully and falsely pretends to qualify to engage in or practice such work or occupation, including, but not limited to, offering to perform such work in any print, electronic, television or radio advertising or listing when such person does not hold a license for such work as required by this chapter, or who wilfully engages in or practices any of the work or occupations for which a license is required by this chapter after the expiration of such person's license, shall be guilty of a class B misdemeanor, except that no criminal charges shall be instituted against such person pursuant to this subsection unless the work activity in question is reviewed by the Commissioner of Consumer Protection, or the commissioner's authorized agent, and the commissioner or such agent specifically determines, in writing, that such work activity requires a license and is not the subject of a bona fide dispute between persons engaged in any trade or craft, whether licensed or unlicensed. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (d) or (e) of section 53a-29 and subsection (d) of section 54-56e, if the court determines that such person cannot fully repay any victims of such person within the period of probation established in subsection (d) or (e) of section 53a-29 or subsection (d) of section 54-56e, the court may impose probation for a period of not more than five years. The penalty provided in this subsection shall be in addition to any other penalties and remedies available under this chapter or chapter 416.(b) The appropriate examining board or the Commissioner of Consumer Protection may, after notice and hearing, impose a civil penalty for each violation on any person who (1) engages in or practices the work or occupation for which a license or apprentice registration certificate is required by this chapter, chapter 394, chapter 399b or chapter 482 without having first obtained such a license or certificate, or (2) wilfully employs or supplies for employment a person who does not have such a license or certificate or who wilfully and falsely pretends to qualify to engage in or practice such work or occupation, or (3) engages in or practices any of the work or occupations for which a license or certificate is required by this chapter, chapter 394, chapter 399b or chapter 482 after the expiration of the license or certificate, or (4) violates any of the provisions of this chapter, chapter 394, chapter 399b or chapter 482 or the regulations adopted pursuant thereto. Such penalty shall be in an amount not more than one thousand dollars for a first violation of this subsection, not more than one thousand five hundred dollars for a second violation of this subsection and not more than three thousand dollars for each violation of this subsection occurring less than three years after a second or subsequent violation of this subsection, except that any individual employed as an apprentice but improperly registered shall not be penalized for a first offense.(c) If an examining board or the Commissioner of Consumer Protection imposes a civil penalty under the provisions of subsection (b) of this section as a result of a violation initially reported by, a municipal building official in accordance with subsection (c) of section 29-261, the commissioner shall, not less than sixty days after collecting such civil penalty, remit one-half of the amount collected to such municipality.(d) A violation of any of the provisions of this chapter shall be deemed an unfair or deceptive trade practice under subsection (a) of section 42-110b.(e) This section shall not apply to any person who (1) holds a license issued under this chapter, chapter 394, chapter 399b or chapter 482 and performs work that is incidentally, directly and immediately appropriate to the performance of such person's trade where such work commences at an outlet, receptacle or connection previously installed by a person holding the proper license, or (2) engages in work that does not require a license under this chapter, chapter 394, chapter 399b or chapter 482.2017 NECChapter 4Equipment For General Use404.22 Electronic Lighting Control Switches.■2017 NEC ChangeIn conjunction with revisions to 404.2(C), new text was added at 404.22 stating that electronic lighting control switching devices are required to be listed and “shall not introduce current on the equipment grounding conductor during normal operation.” This prohibition on introducing current on the equipment grounding conductor has a future effective date of January 1, 2020.406.2 Definitions. [Receptacles, Cord Connectors, and Attachment Plugs (Caps)]■2017 NEC ChangeA clear and expressive definition for the term “outlet box hood” was added at 406.2.406.3 Receptacle Rating and Type.■2017 NEC ChangeThe word “Controlled” is now required to be placed on the controlled receptacle along with the previous symbol. The word “Controlled” was alsoadded to Figure 406.3(E). The controlled receptacle symbol and the word “Controlled” are to be placed on the controlled receptacle face (not the faceplate or cover) and visible after installation.406.3 Receptacle Rating and Type.■2017 NEC ChangeNew provisions were added pertaining to 125-volt 15- or 20-ampere receptacle that additionally provides Class 2 power in the form of a USB charger. These new provisions require these devices to be listed and constructed such that the Class 2 circuitry is integral with the receptacle.406.4 General Installation Requirements.■2017 NEC ChangeThe main requirement of AFCI protection at replacement receptacles as described in the 2014 NEC holds true with two new exceptions added. The first new exception recognizes applications where an existing two- wire receptacle is replaced and no equipment grounding conductor can be installed. The second new exception stipulates that the exception to 210.12(B) does not apply when replacing existing receptacles.406.4 General Installation Requirements.■2017 NEC Change406.4(D)(5) still requires listed tamper-resistant receptacles where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be tamper-resistant elsewhere in the Code “except where a non-grounding receptacle is replaced with another non-grounding receptacle.” The tamper-resistant receptacle requirements at 406.12 remained basically the same for dwelling units, guest rooms and guest suites of hotels and motels,and for a child care facility (see complete change report for 406.12 in this periodical).406.6 Receptacle Faceplates (Cover Plates).■2017 NEC ChangeNew requirements were added at 406.6(D) about receptacle faceplates with integral night lights and/or USB chargers. These faceplates must be listed and constructed such that the night light and/or Class 2 circuitry is “integral with the flush device cover plate.”406.9 Receptacles in Damp or Wet Locations.■2017 NEC ChangeThe previous requirements for 15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-voltreceptacles installed in a wet location still holds true with language added to indicate that other listed products, enclosures, or assemblies providing weatherproof protection that do not utilize an outlet box hood need not be marked “extra duty.”406.12 Tamper-Resistant Receptacles.■2017 NEC Change Requirements for tamper-resistant receptacles were expanded to mobile homes, preschools and elementary education facilities, as well as other locations where small children are likely to congregate. TR receptacles were expanded to 250-volt receptacles as well as 125-volt receptacles.406.15 Dimmer-Controlled Receptacles.■2017 NEC ChangeThe requirements for dimmer-controlled receptacles at 406.15 have been deleted.408.3 Support and Arrangement of Busbars and Conductors. (Switchboards, Switchgear, and Panelboards)■2017 NEC ChangeThe barrier requirements of 408.3(A)(2) were expanded to all service panelboards as well as service switchboards and switchgear. An exception also was added eliminating the barriers at panelboards installed to comply with the requirements of 408.36, Ex. No. 1, 2, and 3.409.22(B) Short-Circuit Current Rating. (Industrial Control Panels).■2017 NEC ChangeThe missing companion component for documentation of the availableshort-circuit current (fault current) at industrial control panels was added at 409.22(B). This new requirement also required documentation of the date the short-circuit current calculation was performed.410.62 Cord-Connected Lampholders and Luminaires.■2017 NEC ChangeThe same basic requirements still apply to cord-connected electric discharge and LED luminaires with the information re-organized into an easier to understand list format that improves the clarity of the content.Article 411 Low-Voltage Lighting Systems Operating at 30 Volts or Less and Lighting Equipment Connected to Class 2 Power Sources.■2017 NEC Change Article 411 was re-organized and renamed.422.2 Definition. (Appliances)■2017 NEC ChangeVending machines are still required to be GFCI-protected, but the require- ment has been relocated to 422.5(A)(5). All appliances operating at 50 volts or more are now required be listed (see new 422.6). In determining what constitutes a vending machine, the user of the Code will need to rely on the listing and the product standards for vending machines.422.5 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter (GFCI) Protection for Personnel.■2017 NEC ChangeThe five appliances requiring GFCI protection in Article 422 were grouped together, and the GFCI requirements for these appliances were relocated to one location at 422.5(A). A new 422.5(B) was also added allowing five options for the location and type of GFCI protective device provided to deliver GFCI protection to the specific appliances listed at 422.5(A).422.6 Listing Required. (Appliances)All appliances operating at 50 volts or more shall be listed.422.14 Infrared Lamp Industrial Heating Appliances.■2017 NEC ChangeSection 422.14 titled, “Infrared Lamp Industrial Heating Appliances,” was deleted and the information relocated to new Article 425 at 425.14.422.16 Flexible Cords. (Appliances)■2017 NEC ChangeDishwashers are now only permitted to have the receptacle outlet for a cord- and plug-connected built-in dishwasher to be located in the space adjacent to the space occupied by the dishwasher. The maximum length of a cord for a built-in dishwasher was extended from the previous maxi- mum length of 1.2 m (4 ft) to 2.0 m (6.5 ft) measured from the face of the attachment plug to the plane of the rear of the appliance. Other requirements for dishwashers and trash compactors remain the same as in the 2014 NEC.422.16 Flexible Cords. (Appliances)■2017 NEC ChangeThe requirements for a cord- and plug-connected range hood are much the same as the 2014 NEC with the length of the flexible cord expanded to 1.2 m (4 ft). The language pertaining to the receptacle needing to be located to “avoid” physical damage was changed to “protect against” physical damage to incorporate more enforceable language.Article 424 Fixed Electric Space-Heating Equipment■2017 NEC ChangePart V of Article 424 was revised for simpler interpretation and application. Two new sections were added. These sections (424.45 and 424.47) address proper installations of cables under floor coverings and labels provided by the manufacturer. The previous edition of the Code did not properly address these added items in Part V.424.45 Installation of Cables Under Floor Coverings.■2017 NEC ChangeNew requirements were added at 424.45 (Part V of Article 424) to give direction for the installation of heating cables installed under floor coverings.424.47 Label Provided by Manufacturer.■2017 NEC ChangeNew requirements for manufacturer’s labels were added at 424.47 in Part V of Article 424 for application to electric space-heating cables. The manufacturer’s label requirements for heating panels and panel sets at 424.92(D) remained the same.Article 424 Fixed Electric Space-Heating Equipment.■2017 NEC ChangeTo address products identified as low-voltage fixed electric space-heating equipment, a new Part X was added to Article 424 for the 2017 NEC.Article 425 Fixed Resistance and Electrode Industrial Process Heating Equipment■2017 NEC ChangeNew Article 425 (Fixed Resistance and Electrode Industrial Process Heating Equipment) has been incorporated into the 2017 NEC. In previous editions, the NEC did not adequately address requirements for industrial process heating equipment. Section 422.14, which covered applianceswith infrared heat lamps, has been relocated to new Article 425 at 425.14.426.32 Voltage Limitations. (Fixed Outdoor Electric Deicing and Snow-Melting Equipment)■2017 NEC ChangeThe secondary winding of an isolation transformer connected to an impedance heating element cannot have an output voltage greater than 30 volts ac. The allowance for voltage output greater than 30 volts ac if the system is provided with Class A GFCI protection has been deleted.430.2 Definitions. (Motors, Motor Circuits, and Controllers) ■2017 NEC ChangeThe definition of a part-winding motor was moved from 430.4 to its proper location at 430.2.430.53 Several Motors or Loads on One Branch Circuit.■2017 NEC ChangeNew 430.53(D)(4) increases the maximum length of the conductors of any tap supplying a single motor to 7.5 m (25 ft) when the ampacity is not less than one-third that of the branch-circuit conductors.430.99 Available Fault Current. (Motors,Motor Circuits, and Controllers)■2017 NEC ChangeNew provisions were added at 430.99 requiring documentation of the available short-circuit current (fault current) at motor control centers along with the date the short-circuit current calculation was performed.440.9 Grounding and Bonding. (Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Equipment)■2017 NEC ChangeThe outdoor portions of metallic raceway systems that use non-threaded fittings are now required to contain a wire-type equipment grounding conductor when installed outdoors on a roof to supply multimotor and combination-load equipment.440.65 Leakage-Current Detector-Interrupt- er (LCDI) and Arc-Fault Circuit Interrupter (AFCI) Protection Devices.■2017 NEC ChangeIn addition to the previously allowed protection for single-phase, cord-and plug-connected room air conditioners of LCDI or AFCI protection, a new form of protection was introduced at 440.65 allowing heat detecting circuit interrupter (HDCI) protection for room air conditioners. These three forms of protection for room air conditioners were placed in a list format for better clarity to the user of the Code.445.11 Marking. (Generators)■2017 NEC ChangeNameplate marking requirements for generators have been revised and put into a list format.445.13 Ampacity of Conductors. (Generators)■2017 NEC ChangeA new requirement clarifies that feeder taps can be used if the generator is equipped with an overcurrent relay or other overcurrent protective device.445.18 Disconnecting Means Required for Generators and Shutdown of Prime Mover.■2017 NEC ChangeRevisions and new requirements were incorporated into 445.18 by installing three subsections for disconnecting means for a generator. The provisions of 445.18(A) retain the existing requirements, with revisions, for a disconnecting means for a generator. New 445.18(B) adds requirements for the shutdown of the prime mover for a generator or generator set.445.20 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection for Receptacles on 15-kW or Smaller Portable Generators.■2017 NEC ChangeListed cord sets incorporating GFCI protection for portable generators manufactured or rebuilt prior to January 1, 2015, are now permitted. GFCI requirements have been separated into unbonded(floating neutral) generators versus bonded neutral generators.480.3 Equipment. (Storage Batteries)Storage batteries and battery management equipment shall be listed. This requirement shall not apply to lead-acid batteries. 2020 Chapter 4 CalculationsQuestion #1A:What is the secondary overcurrent protection for 45 KVA transformer with a secondary side of 208/120v?NEC 408.16(A-D)Continuous Load125% (215.3)Step 1 - Determine the secondary amperage: 45000VA/(208V x 1.732) = 125A Step 2 – Multiple the secondary amperage by the continuous load: 125A X 125% = 156AStep 3 – NEC 240.6 tells us to increase the amperage to the next fuse/CB size. 156A > 175Amps. So we need a secondary overcurrent protection of 175AmpsStep 4 - What is the conductor size of the secondaries: Table 310.15 (B) (16) we can use a 2/0 AWG rated 175amps@75 degrees Celsius Step 5 - Now we need to consider the number of current carry conductors in a raceway that exceeds 3. Allowable ampacity shall be reduced in accordance to Table 310 .15 (B)(2)(a)The neutral is considered to be a current carrying per 310.15(B)(4)(C). So you can reduce the ampacity by 20%. The conductor ampacity after adjustments and based on a 90 degree Celsius rating (110.14(C)) no less than 175Amps.For a 45KVA Xformer use 3/0 AWG rated225Amp x 0.80 = 180 AmpsQuestion 1B:What is the size of the bonding jumper for the secondary side of the 45KVA transformer from the previous question?We must bond a transformer secondary that operates at more than 50-volts(250.20(A) and 250.112(I)).You must size the bonding jumper in accordance to T250.66 based on the total area of the largest ungrounded conductor.For a 45KVA with 3/0 AWG secondary conductors use #4 AWG copper bonding jumper.2020 Chapter 4 CalculationsQuestion #2For electric de-Icing and snow melting equipment: Calculate branch circuit sizeCalculate Overcurrent Protection Calculate GFCI ProtectionGround-Fault Protection:426.28 requires ground fault protection of equipment 30mA not personalReceptacle for roof is not readily accessible and is exempt from GFCI requirements of 210.8(a)(3), but is covered in art. 426.28.See 210.52E & 406.8BBranch circuit size:426.4 Shall be considered continuous load. (125%)2020 Chapter 4 CalculationsQuestion #3Overcurrent Protection: 430.55What is the overcurrent protection for a 5hp,230v motor with a service factor of 1.2 and nameplate of 28A?(T430.250) 28A x 1.25 = 35A overload protection 430.32(A)GFCI Protection 430.52Ground fault protection must be capable of carrying the motors starting current.T430.52 Each motor branch circuit must be protected against short circuits and ground faults by a protective device sized no greater than (T430.52)Example: What size conductor and inverse time circuit breaker are required for:2HP, 230V, single phase 60 degree Celsius terminals(430.248) 12A x 1.25 = 15A#14 AWG rated @ 60 degree Celsius(430.248) & (430.52) 12 A x 2.50 = 30A Circuit breakerThermal Protection:430.31 overloadThermal overloads are intended to protect motors, control equipment, and branch circuit conductors against excessive heat due motor overloads and failure to start. Question: What size dual element used for overload protection for a motor with an FLA@23.50A and a service factor of 1.15?Nameplate 430.6(A)(2) 23.50A x 1.25(continuous load) =29.38AUse a 25A DE fuse because it can’t exceed the nameplate.2020 Chapter 4 CalculationsQuestion #4: Calculate the branch circuit size and the overcurrent protection for air conditioning and refrigeration equipment:440.22 & 440.32 Motors for air conditioning and refrigeration equipment are special-purpose motors called Hermetic(means they are sealed). They are sealed because they are in the same housing as the compressor and are operating in refrigerant. Article 440 supplements Art. 430(Motors).The manufacturers of Hermetic systems supply the correct protection, the conductor sizing and other info on the nameplate.Branch circuit conductors to a single motor compressors must have an ampacity not less than 125% of the motor compressor rated-load current or branch circuit selection current, which ever is greater (440.32).Example: You have an 18A, 230V motor compressor. What size 75 degree Celsius conductor and OCPD for this?Step 1: Determine branch circuit conductor sizeTable 310.15(B)(16) & 440.3218A x 1.25 = 22.50AmpsTable 310.15(B)(16) = #12 AWGStep 2: Determine the OCPD240.6(A) & 440.22(A)18A x 1.75 = 31.50A,Next size down 30A OCPDSuppose the 30A OCPD can’t carry the load starting. You use 225% of the equipment load - 18A x 2.25 = 40.50ANext size down is 40ANote: You can use a 30A or a 40A OCPD to protect a #12 AWG for an A/C Circuit (240.4(G))Chapter 5Special Occupancies500.2 Definitions Article 100 Definitions■2017 NEC ChangeThe fourteen definitions that resided at 500.2 in previous editions of the Code have been relocated to Article 100 of the NEC.500.5 Classifications of Locations.■2017 NEC ChangeThe title of 500.5(A) was changed from “Classifications of Locations” to “General” as 500.5(A) applies to all of 500.5, including 500.5(B), (C), and(D). Revisions to the text of 500.5(A) clarify that “refrigerant machinery rooms” containing ammonia refrigeration may be classified as “unclassified” locations based on the use of gas detection and adequate ventilation with this “adequate ventilation” being defined as “continuous or initiated by a detection system at a concentration not exceeding 150 ppm (parts per million).”500.8 Equipment.■2017 NEC ChangePrevious Table 500.8(D)(2) has been deleted as the table is no longer applicable because the fixed ignition temperature limits referenced in the table are no longer used to evaluate Class II temperature limitations on equipment.501.10 Wiring Methods. (Class I Locations)■2017 NEC ChangeBesides the wiring methods permitted in the previous Code, the wiring methods permitted for Class I, Division 2 locations have been expanded to include rigid metal conduit (RMC) and intermediate metal conduit (IMC) with listed threadless fittings, as well as cablebus.501.15 Sealing and Drainage. (Class I Locations)■2017 NEC ChangeA new sentence was added to 501.15(D)(1) identifying that only explosion- proof unions, couplings, reducers, elbows, and capped elbows that are not larger than the trade size of the enclosure entry are permitted between the cable sealing fitting and the enclosure in a Class I, Division 1 location.511.3 Area Classification, General. (Commercial Garages, Repair, and Storage)■2017 NEC ChangeThe text provisions of 511.3(C) and (D) were revised into a table format and moved to two new tables in 511.3. The previous requirements of 511.3(C) and (D) were replaced with a new Table 511.3(C) covering both major and minor repair garages where heavier than air gaseous Class I liquids are transferred or dispensed. New Table 511.3(D) covers major repair garages where vehicles using lighter than air gaseous fuels are repaired or stored.511.8 Underground Wiring. (Commercial Ga- rages, Repair and Storage)■2017 NEC ChangeA new section (511.8) was added to Article 511 requiring the underground wiring method for a commercial repair garage to be installed in threaded rigid metal conduit (RMC) or threaded steel intermediate metal conduit (IMC). A new exception at 511.8 permits PVC conduit, RTRC conduit, and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) conduit to be used where buried under not less than 600 mm (2 ft) of cover.514.3 Classification of Location. (Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangeSpecific requirements for fuel storage of compressed natural gas, liquefied natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas were put in place, along with references to other NFPA documents that offer further detail were added to the 2017 NEC.514.8 Underground Wiring. (Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangeIn addition to the permitted wiring methods allowed in the 2014 NEC, high density polyethylene (HDPE) conduit was added to 514.8, Ex. No. 2 as an acceptable wiring method for underground installations for motor fuel dispensing facilities where buried under not less than 600 mm (2 ft) of cover514.11 Circuit Disconnects. (Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangeThe same basic requirements for the emergency shutoff devices still exist for the 2017 NEC. Fuel dispensing systems are required to be provided with one or more clearly identified emergency shutoff devices or electrical disconnects. Such devices or disconnects shall be installed in approved locations but not less than 6 m (20 ft) or more than 30 m (100 ft) from the fuel dispensing devices that they serve. Language was revised at 514.11 to clearly indicate that these minimum and maximum distances hold true at both attended and unattended motor fuel dispensing facilities.Article 516 Spray Application, Dipping, Coating, and Printing Processes Using Flammable or Combustible Materials■2017 NEC ChangeArticle 516 was re-arranged and revised to give the article a clearer out- line. Four individual parts were added to the article. The requirements now align with the requirements of NFPA 33 and NFPA 34.517.2 Definitions. (Health Care Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangeThe term “governing body” appears at seven different locations in Article 517 for the 2017 NEC and a new definition has been added at 517.2.517.2 Definitions. (Health Care Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangeThe definition of a Health Care Facility was revised for the 2017 NEC and now includes the term “mobile enclosures.” The examples of a health care facility that were included in the definition in the previous edition of the Code are now found in an informational note below the revised definition517.2 Definitions. (Health Care Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangeTo define a well-used term in Article 517, a new definition for Medical Office (Dental Office) was added at 517.2 for the 2017 NEC517.2 Definitions. (Health Care Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangeThe four types of patient care spaces were revised to include NFPA 99 numbered categories assigned to each of these types of patient care spaces. Bracketed NFPA 99s were was added after each description and informational note. Informational notes were relocated after each definition, and these informational notes contain examples of each of the different categories517.16 Use of Isolated Ground Receptacles.(Health Care Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangeNew provisions were added to 517.16 pertaining to the proper installation of isolated ground receptacles located outside of a patient care vicinity. The prohibition of isolated ground receptacle inside a patient care vicinity are addressed at 517.16(A) and isolated ground receptacles installed outside a patient care vicinity are addressed at 517.16(B).517.35 517.30 Sources of Power. (Health Care Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangeThe same basic provisions that were located at 517.35 were relocated to 517.30. Fuel cell systems will now be permitted to serve as the alternate source for all or part of an essential electrical system as any reference to a battery system has been deleted.517.33 517.34 Critical Branch. (Essential Electrical System-Health Care Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangePositive language was added at 517.34(B) to specifically permit the control of task illumination on the critical branch of the essential electrical system.520.2 Definitions. (Theaters, Audience Areas of Motion Picture and Television Studios, Performance Areas, and Similar Locations)■2017 NEC ChangeA new definition of Adapter was added at 520.2 to address misapplication of this term in Article 520.520.2 Definitions. (Theaters, Audience Areas of Motion Picture and Television Studios, Performance Areas, and Similar Locations)■2017 NEC ChangeA new definition for “Stage Switchboard, Portable” was added to Article 520 and the phrase “permanently installed” was added to the existing definition of “Stage Switchboard.”525.23 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter (GFCI) Protection. (Carnivals, Circuses, Fairs, and Similar Events)■2017 NEC ChangeNew requirements were imposed at 525.23(D) requiring GFCI protection to be listed, labeled, and identified for portable use when said GFCI protection is provided through the use of GFCI receptacles, and the branch circuits supplying these receptacles utilize a flexible cord.547.5 Wiring Methods. (Agricultural Buildings)■2017 NEC ChangeA revision at 547.5(F) eliminated the permission to use a “covered” equip- ment grounding conductor for an underground installation at agricultural buildings.550.2 Definitions. (Mobile Homes, Manufactured Homes, and Mobile Home Parks)■2017 NEC ChangeThe existing definition for a “manufactured home” was revised for consistency with the definition of a “manufactured home” found in NFPA 501 (Standard on Manufactured Housing). The last sentence of the definition was revised to exclude park trailers.550.13 Receptacle Outlets. (Mobile Homes, Manufactured Homes, and Mobile Home Parks)■2017 NEC ChangeGFCI protection for mobile homes was revised to reflect GFCI coverage for all sinks, dishwashers, and other locations similarly found at 210.8(A).550.25 Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection. (Mobile Homes, Manufactured Homes, and Mobile Home Parks)■2017 NEC ChangeAFCI protection at mobile and manufactured homes was revised by eliminating the specific list of rooms and areas requiring AFCI protection at mobile and manufactured homes and simply requiring compliance with 210.12.551.2 Definitions. (Recreational Vehicles and Recreational Vehicle Parks)■2017 NEC ChangeThe definition of “Recreational Vehicle Park” was revised to correlate with the same definition in NFPA 1194 (Standard for Recreational Vehicle Parks and Campgrounds).551.71 Type Receptacles Provided. (Recreational Vehicle Parks)■2017 NEC ChangeThe section has been broken into six separate first level subdivisions with titles. The number of RV sites required to be equipped with 50-ampere, 125/250-volt receptacles has increased from 20 percent to 40 percent for all new recreational vehicle sites. GFCI devices used in RV site electrical equipment are not required to be weather- or tamper-resistant in accordance with 406.9 and 406.12.551.73 Calculated Load. (Recreational Vehicle Parks)■2017 NEC ChangeThe minimum calculated load for RV parks sites equipped with 50- ampere, 208Y/120 or 120/240-volt supply facilities has increased from 9600 volt-amperes to 12,000 volt-amperes per site. The calculated loads for 20-ampere and 30-ampere supply facilities remained the same551.75 Grounding. (RV Parks)■2017 NEC ChangeA new 551.75(B) was added indicating that power outlets or RV site supply equipment (other than those used as service equipment) are not required to have a grounding electrode established at RV site electrical equipment.Article 555 Marinas, Boatyards, and Commercial and Noncommerical Docking Facilities■2017 NEC ChangeThe title of Article 555 was changed from “Marinas and Boatyards” to “Marinas, Boatyards, and Commercial and Noncommercial Docking Facilities.” Revisions to 555.1 make Article 555 relevant to dwelling unit docking facilities as well as commercial docking facilities555.3 Ground-Fault Protection. (Marinas, Boat- yards and Commercial and Noncommercial Docking Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangeThe ground-fault protection required for overcurrent protective devices for marinas, and now boatyards, and commercial and noncommercial docking facilities as well was reduced to a maximum of 30 mA rather than 100 mA. This GFP protection is required in all supply overcurrent pro- tective devices, not necessarily in the main OCPD. The allowance of GFCI protection in each individual branch or feeder was deleted as this 30 mA GFP protection is required in all supply OCPDs. GFCI protection is still required for 15- and 20-ampere, single-phase, 125-volt receptacles by the requirements of 555.19(B)(1).555.19 Receptacles. (Marinas, Boatyards, and Commercial and Noncommercial Docking Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangeThe statement, “where portable electrical hand tools, electrical diagnostic equipment, or portable lighting equipment are to be used” was deleted. GFCI protection for personnel will now be required for all 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles installed outdoors, in boathouses, and in build- ings or structures used for storage, maintenance, or repair regardless of the intended use of these receptacles.555.24 Signage. (Marinas, Boatyards and Com- mercial and Noncommercial Docking Facilities)■2017 NEC ChangeNew requirements were added for permanent safety signs to be installed to give notice of electrical shock hazard risks to persons using or swimming near a boat dock or marina. The signage must comply with 110.21(B)(1) and be clearly visible from all approaches to a marina or boatyard facility. The signs shall state “WARNING — POTENTIAL SHOCK HAZARD— ELECTRICAL CURRENTS MAY BE PRESENT IN THE WATER.”590.4 General. (Temporary Installations)■2017 NEC ChangeAlong with Type NM and Type NMC cables, Type SE cable has been added to the acceptable cable assembly wiring methods for temporary installations. Type SE cable is now permitted to be installed in a raceway in a temporary underground installation as well.590.6 Ground-Fault Protection for Personnel. (Temporary Installations)■2017 NEC ChangeThe phrase “In addition to this required ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel,” was added in front of “listed cord sets or devices incorporating listed ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel identified for portable use shall be permitted.” This added language was to clarify that these portable GFCI cord sets or devices are permitted in addition to the GFCI protection required for all 125-volt, single-phase, 15-, 20-, and 30-ampere receptacle outlets that are not a part of the permanent wiring of the building or structure. ................
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