ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY
DAE Technology
DAE Technology
DAE Technology
DAE Technology
DAE Technology
DAE Technology
DAE Technology
Mgm-311 INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RELATIONS.
Total Contact Hours T P C
Theory 32 1 0 1
AIMS The study of this subject will enable the student to develop the management skill, acquaint him with the principles of management and human relations and develop psychological approach to solve the labour problems.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY. 2 Hours
1.1 History and definition.
1.2 Nature and scope.
2. LEADERSHIP 1 Hour
2.1 Definition and types.
2.3 Qualities of a good leader.
3. MOTIVATION 2 Hours
3.1 Definition.
3.2 Types (Financial and non financial motives).
3.3 Conflict of motives.
4. MORALE 1 Hour
4.1 Importance.
4.2 Development.
4.3 Measurement.
5. HUMAN ENGINEERING. 1 Hour
5.1 Importance of human factor in industry.
5.2 Man-machine system.
5.3 Strategy for making allocation decisions.
6. INDUSTRIAL FATIGUE AND BOREDOM. 2 Hours
6.1 Definition and distinction.
6.2 Psychological causes.
6.3 Objective causes.
6.4 Prevention
7. INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS 2 Hours
7.1 Psychological causes.
7.2 Objective causes.
7.3 Prevention
8. INDUSTRIAL PREJUDICE 2 Hours
8.1 Causes
8.2 Remedies
9. PUBLIC RELATIONS. 2 Hours
9.1 Importance
9.2 Functions
10. GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING 2 Hours
10.1 Importance
10.2 Choice of job.
10.3 During service.
11. JOB EVALUATION 2 Hours
11.1 Importance
11.2 Methods
11.3 Job satisfaction
11.4 Work simplification.
12. INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT 2 Hours
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Functions of management.
12.3 Subdivisions of management
12.4 Objectives of industrial management.
13. PERSONNEL SELECTION. 2 Hours
13.1 Recruitment of employees.
13.2 Training.
13.3 Effects of training on production and product cost.
14. WORKING CONDITIONS. 2 Hours
14.1 Importance and consideration.
14.2 Effects on efficiency and per unit cost.
15. TIME AND MOTION STUDY. 3 Hours
15.1 Concept and importance.
15.2 Sequence of motion study.
15.3 Principles of motion study.
15.4 Steps to time study.
15.5 Determination of operations time.
16. QUALITY CONTROL. 2 Hours
16.1 Concept and advantages
16.2 Methods.
17. ROLE OF FOREMAN IN MANAGEMENT. 2 Hours
17.1 Foreman's abilities.
17.2 Duties and functions.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1 C.S. Meyers, Industrial Psychology, Oxford University Press, London.
2. Smith Wakley, Psychology of Industrial Behaviors, Mc-Graw Hill, New York.
3. Ghulam Hussain, Nizamat-e-Sanaat Aur Insani Rawabat, Ilmi Kitab
Khana, Urdu Bazar, Lahore.
4. Andrew R. Megill, The Process of Management William M New Man.
5. Richard N Omen, Management of Industrial Enterprises.
Mgm-311 INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RELATIONS.
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
At the completion of this course, the students will be able to:
1. KNOW INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY.
1.1 Describe brief history if industrial psychology.
1.2 Describe in detail definition of industrial psychology.
1.3 State nature and scope of industrial psychology.
2. KNOW LEADERSHIP.
2.1 Define leadership.
2.2 Describe types of leadership.
2.3 State qualities of a good leader.
3. UNDERSTAND MOTIVATION.
3.1 Define motivation.
3.2 Describe financial and non financial motives.
3.3 Explain conflict of motives.
4. KNOW MORALE.
4.1 State importance of morale.
4.2 Describe development of morale.
4.3 State the method of measurement of morale.
5. UNDERSTAND HUMAN ENGINEERING.
5.1 Explain importance of human engineering in the industry.
5.2 Explain man-machine system.
5.3 Explain strategy for making allocation decisions.
6. UNDERSTAND INDUSTRIAL FATIGUE AND BOREDOM.
6.1 Define fatigue and boredom.
6.2 Describe psychological causes of fatigue and boredom.
6.3 Describe objective causes of fatigue and boredom.
6.4 Explain measures to prevent fatigue and boredom.
7. UNDERSTAND INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS.
7.1 Explain psychological causes of industrial accidents.
7.2 Explain objective causes of industrial accidents.
7.3 Explain measures to prevent industrial accidents.
8. UNDERSTAND INDUSTRIAL PREJUDICE.
8.1 Define prejudice
8.2 Explain causes of industrial prejudice.
8.3 Explain remedies of industrial prejudice.
9. UNDERSTAND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PUBLIC RELATIONS.
9.1 Explain importance of public relations.
9.2 Explain functions of public relations.
10. UNDERSTAND THE NEED FOR GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING.
10.1 State importance of guidance and counselling.
10.2 Explain the role of guidance and counselling in choosing the job.
10.3 Describe help of guidance and counselling during service.
11. UNDERSTAND JOB EVALUATION.
11.1 Explain importance of job evaluation.
11.2 Explain methods of job evaluation.
11.3 Explain job satisfaction.
11.4 Explain work simplification.
12. UNDERSTAND INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT.
12.1 Define management.
12.2 State functions of management.
12.3 Enlist subdivision of management.
12.4 Explain objectives of industrial management.
13. UNDERSTAND TRAINING AND ITS EFFECTS.
13.1 Describe the recruitment procedure of employees in an industrial concern.
13.2 Explain training.
13.3 Identify the kinds of training.
13.4 Explain the effects of training on production and product cost.
14. UNDERSTAND THE EFFECT OF WORKING CONDITION ON EFFICIENCY.
15.1 Explain importance of working condition.
15.2 Describe air-conditioning, ventilation, lighting and noise.
15.3 State the effects of good working conditions on efficiency
and per unit cost.
15. UNDERSTAND TIME AND MOTION STUDY.
15.1 Explain the concept.
15.2 Describe the importance of work study.
15.3 Explain the sequence of motion study.
15.4 State the principles of motion study.
15.5 Describe the steps for carrying out time study.
15.6 Explain the method of determination of operations time.
16. UNDERSTAND THE METHODS OF QUALITY CONTROL.
16.1 Define quality control
16.2 State the advantages of quality control.
16.2 Explain methods of quality control.
17. UNDERSTAND THE ROLE OF FOREMAN IN AN INDUSTRIAL UNDERTAKING.
17.1 Explain ability of the foreman.
17.2 Enlist duties of foreman.
17.3 Describe functions of foreman as middle management.
El.T. 312 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM-II
T P C
1 3 2
Total contact hours:
Theory: 32 Hours.
Practical: 96 Hours
Pre-requisites: Communication System-I (El.T 252), Electronics Devices & Circuits
AIM After studying the course the student will be able to understand the principle, function and applications of:
1. A.M. Transmitters.
2. FM Transmitters.
3. TV transmitters.
4. Aviation and Marine Radio communication.
1. A.M. TRANSMISSION. (12 Hour)
1.1 Principle of A.M. transmission.
1.2 Analysis of A.M. modulated wave.
1.3 Modulation index and bandwidth.
1.4 Single side Band, Double Side band transmission techniques with the help of block diagram.
1.5 Repeater.
1.6 Types of noises.
1.7 Modulators
1.8 Modulated class c amplifier.
1.9 Multiplier power supply.
2. F.M. TRANSMITTERS. (20 Hours)
2.1 Principle of frequency modulator.
2.2. Concept of index of modulation, frequency deviation, frequency swings effect on side band and bandwidth, Basal functions graph and application.
2.3 System of F.M. modulation, block diagram.
a) Reactance modulator.
b) Phase shift.
c) Plastron.
2.4 Merits and demerits of F.M.
2.5 Block diagram of F.M. transmission with automatic arrangements of controlled modulation. Stereo broadcast transmission.
2.6 Significance of Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis and their circuit explanation.
2.7 Block diagram of TV transmitter.
2.8 Principle of operation of TV transmitter.
2.9 Care and maintenance of transmitter.
2.10 F. M. transmitter for microwave frequency.
2.11 Aviation, marine radio communication.
TEXT & REFERENCE BOOKS
1 Electronics communication systems by George Kennedy
2 Colour Television by R.R.Gulati
3 Radio Electronics Engineering by Terman
4 “Communication Electronics” by Deshpanda & Rangole.
El.T. 312 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM -II
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES.
1. UNDERSTAND THE PRINCIPLE OF A.M. TRANSMISSION.
1.1 Define the term "transmission" of an electromagnetic wave.
1.2 Enlist types of transmission. (Ground wave, Sky wave, Space wave)
1.3 Draw the basic block diagram of A.M. transmission system.
4. Explain the function of each block
2. UNDERSTAND A.M. MODULATED WAVE.
2.1 Define modulation.
2.2 Describe need for modulation.
2.3 Enlist types of modulation.
2.4 Explain amplitude modulation.
2.5 Draw amplitude modulated wave.
2.6 Compute percentage of modulation.
2.7 Enlist merits and demerits.
2.8 Describe relationship between carrier power and power in side bands.
3. UNDERSTAND MODULATION INDEX AND BAND WIDTH.
3.1 Define modulation index.
3.2 Explain formula for modulation index.
3.3 Use formula to calculate modulation index.
3.4 Explain side band and Band width of A.M. wave.
4. UNDERSTAND TRANSMISSION TECHNIQUE WITH THE HELP OF BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR SSB, DSB, DSB-SC INDEPENDENT SIDE BAND.
4.1 Enlist different types of transmission techniques.
4.2 Draw the block diagram of SSB transmission.
3. Explain the working principle of SSB.
4.4 Enlist advantages and disadvantages of SSB.
4.5 Draw the block diagram of DSB transmission.
4.6 Explain the working principle of DSB.
4.7 Draw the block diagram of DSB-SC
4.8 Explain the working of DSB-SC.
4.9 Draw the block diagram of independent side band transmission techniques.
4.10 Explain the working of independent side band.
5. UNDERSTAND REPEATER.
5.1 Describe the need of a repeater.
5.2 Draws the block diagram of repeater.
5.3 Explain the working principle of a repeater.
5.4 Enlist advantages of a repeater.
6. UNDERSTAND "NOISE"
6.1 Define Noise.
6.2 Enlist types of noise.
6.3 Explain types of noises.
7. UNDERSTAND MODULATORS.
7.1 Describe the A.M. modulator.
7.2 Enlist types of A.M. modulators.
7.3 Draw the circuit diagram of transistorized modulator (collector modulator).
7.4 Explain the working of collector modulator.
7.5 Draw the circuit diagram of base modulator.
7.6 Explain the working of base modulator.
7. List the available IC Modulator
8. Describe the working of IC Modular
8. UNDERSTAND THE PRINCIPLE OF WORKING OF MODULATED CLASS C AMPLIFIER.
8.1 Explain class C operation of an amplifier
8.2 Draw the circuit diagram of modulated class C amplifier.
8.3 Explain the working principle of modulated class C amplifier.
9. UNDERSTAND MULTI-VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY.
9.1 Describe the construction of multi voltage transformer.
9.2 Use multi voltage transformer in supply circuit..
9.3 Draw multi voltage power supply circuit.
9.4 Explain the principle of working of supply.
9.5 Describe its uses.
10. UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPT OF FREQUENCY MODULATION.
10.1 Describe the principle of F.M.
10.2 Draw the wave form of F.M.
10.3 Describe FM band (broadcast band, VHF & UHF communication band)
11. UNDERSTAND THE TERMS: MODULATION INDEX, FREQUENCY DEVIATION, FREQUENCY SWING, EFFECTIVE SIDE BAND BANDWIDTH, BASAL FUNCTION GRAPH AND ITS APPLICATION.
11.1 Explain the terms given above
11.2 Explain the parameters formula for frequency deviation, modulation index.
11.3 Use Basal function graph to find side bands and bandwidth.
12. UNDERSTAND THE PRINCIPLE OF WORKING OF F.M. MODULATION SYSTEMS WITH THE HELP OF BLOCK DIAGRAM.
12.1 Enlist systems of F.M. modulation.
12.2 Draw the block diagram of FM transmitter using reactance modulator direct method.
12.3 Explain the working principle of reactance modulator FM transmitter.
12.4 Explain frequency multiplier.
12.5 Explain reactance modulator.
12.6 Draw block diagram of F.M. transmitter using indirect, method (Phase shift) of modulation (Armstrong F.M. transmitter).
12.7 Explain the working principle of Armstrong F.M. transmitter.
12.8 Explain phase shift modulation (P.M.).
12.9 Draw F.M. modulation system using phasitron.
12.10 Explain the working principle of phasitron.
13. UNDERSTAND THE MERITS AND DEMERITS OF F.M.
13.1 List merits of F.M.
13.2 List demerits of F.M.
13.3 Compare F.M. with P.M.
14. UNDERSTAND THE F.M. TRANSMITTER WITH AUTOMATIC ARRANGEMENT OF CONTROLLING MODULATION AND STEREO F.M. TRANSMISSION.
14.1 Draw the block diagram of F.M transmitter with AFC.
14.2 Explain the working principle of the transmitter.
14.3 Identify the difference between the F.M. transmitter with AFC and Armstrong transmitter.
14.4 Introduction to stereo broadcast transmission.
15. UNDERSTAND PRE-EMPHASIS AND DE-EMPHASIS.
15.1 Define pre-emphasis and de-emphasis.
15.2 Draw the schematic diagram of pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circuit.
15.3 Explain the working of pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circuit.
15.4 Identify the need of the above circuit.
16. UNDERSTAND THE FUNCTION OF MODULATOR AND EQUALIZER.
16.1 Draw circuit of reactance modulator (Transistorized and varactor diode modulator).
16.2 Explain the working principle of the above modulator.
16.3 Explain phase frequency network.
17. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF TV TRANSMITTER.
17.1 Draw the block diagram of TV transmitter.
17.2 Explain the working principle of TV transmitter.
18. UNDERSTAND THE CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF TRANSMITTER.
18.1 Enlist all possible points for care and maintenance of transmitter.
18.2 Apply the concept in the maintenance of transmitter.
19. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF F.M. TRANSMITTER FOR MICROWAVE FREQUENCY.
19.1 Draw the block diagram of F.M. transmitter for microwave frequency.
19.2 Explain the working of each block of microwave transmitter
19.3 Identify the difference of F.M. transmitter at U.H.F. and microwave.
20. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF AVIATION AND MARINE RADIO COMMUNICATION.
20.1 Describe aviation and marine communication.
20.2 Explain aviation communication using block diagram.
20.3 Explain marine communication using block diagram.
204 Compare aviation and marine communication.
El.T. 312: COMMUNICATION SYSTEM-II
LIST OF PRACTICAL: 96 Hours
1. To design a simple oscillator.
2. To assemble a Hartley series feed oscillator.
3. To assemble a Colpitis crystal oscillator.
4. To study the UJT relaxation oscillator.
5. To construct a varactor diode reactance amplitude modulator.
6. To construct a transistorized class C amplitude modulator.
a) Collector modulator circuit,
b) Base modulator circuit,
7. To demonstrate an A.M. wave on CRO.
8. To study the following for A.M. signal:
a) Percentage of modulation,
b) Modulation index,
c) Bandwidth.
9. To study feedback in amplifiers, negative & positive feedback & the effect of feedback on non-linear distortion and its frequency response.
10. To measure signal -to-noise ratio in an A.M. signal.
11. To demonstrate a frequency modulated wave on C.R.O
12. To measure of frequency swing and deviation of a FM signal.
13. To determine the bandwidth of a frequency modulated signal.
14. To study the effect of the modulation index on the side bands.
15. To construct a varactor diode frequency multiplier.
16. To demonstrate the performance of a F.M transmitter using C.R.O.
17. To study the working of automatic frequency control circuit.
18. To study the working of phase shift modulator.
19. To study the function of pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circuits.
20. To assemble a simple F.M transmitter.
21. To study the 90 phase shifter.
22. To assemble a class C modulator.
23. To assemble a class C modulator using AM modulator IC
24. To study the Armstrong system of modulation.
25. To assemble a discriminator circuit.
26. To study the working of a PIN diode switch.
27. To study the working of a tunnel diode amplifier.
28. To study of the characteristics of a gunn diode microwave oscillator.
29. To study the working of a TV transmitter ( visit).and write a report
30. To write a report on the scheduling and techniques for care and maintenance .
31. To study the air aviation radio communication link.
32. To study the marine radio communication link.
El.T 322 MOTORS & GENERATORS
T P C
1 3 2
Total contact hours:
Theory: 32 Hours
Practical: 96 Hours
Pre-requisite: Electrical essentials and networks.
AIMS. After studying the subject the student will be able to understand the construction, working and application of DC and AC machines.
1. Define laws of electromagnetic induction.
2. Explain the function of dc generator.
3. Describe the principle of dc motor.
4. Identify the types of dc generators and dc motors.
5. List of applications of dc motors in the electronics field.
6. Describe the working of alternator.
7. Explain the function of three phase ac motor.
8. List of type of single phase ac motor.
9. Identify the working principle of various type of single phase ac motor.
10. Explain the function of synchronous and special ac motors.
1. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION. (01 Hour)
1.1. Review of Faraday's Law and Lenz's Law
1.2 Principle of simple loop generator.
2. DC GENERATORS. (03 Hours)
2.1 Construction
2.2. Field and armature winding and commutator.
2.3 EMF Equation, Simple calculations.
2.4 Types and brief description of dc generator, method of
excitation and their characteristics.
3. DC MOTORS. (07 hours)
3.1 Principle and construction of dc motor.
3.2 Back emf, cause and effect.
3.3 Equation of motor and simple problems.
3.4 Types of dc motors, fractional h.p. & miniature dc motor
3.5 Applications of each type of dc motor.
3.6 Methods and need of motor starters.
3.7 Methods of speed control of dc motors (electrical and electronic methods).
3.8 Line diagram of motor starter and controller with brief description.
4. ALTERNATORS. (04 Hours)
4.1 Construction of Alternator, Importance of stationary armature. Comparison with DC generator.
4.2 Methods of field excitation.
4.3 Brief introduction to 3-phase ac generation
5. THREE PHASE AC MOTORS. (08 Hours)
5.1 Introduction to three phase rotating magnetic field.
5.2 Principle and induction motors.
5.3 Types of 3-phase induction motors.
5.4 Methods of starting and speed control of three phase induction motors.
5.5 Line diagram of induction motor starters and connection.
5.6 Applications/uses of three phase induction motors.
6. SINGLE PHASE AC MOTORS. (06 Hours)
6.1 Classification of single phase ac motors.
6.2 Single phase induction motor.
6.3 Double field revolving concept.
6.4 Split phase and capacitor start induction- run motors.
6.5. Capacitor start and run motor, shaded pole motors.
6.6 Repulsion motor.
6.7 AC series motor.
6.8 Synchronous motor.
7. UNEXCITED SINGLE PHASE SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR. (1 Hours)
7.1 Reluctance motor.
7.2 Hyteresis motor.
8. SPECIAL MOTOR. (2 Hours)
7.1 Stepper motor
7.2 Servo motor.
TEXT/ REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. B.L. Theraja "Electrical Technology"
2. Humpherics "Motors & Controls"
El.T. 322: MOTOR & GENERATOR
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES.
1. UNDERSTAND FARADAY'S LAWS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND LENZ’S LAW.
1.1 Describe Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and Lenz's law.
1.2 Explain the principle of simple loop generator.
2. DC GENERATORS.
2.1 Understand the construction and working of DC generator.
2.1 Draw the construction of DC generators
2.2 Explain the working of field and armature winding
2.3 Draw the construction of commutator
2.4 Explain the operation of commutator
2.5 Drive the E.M.F. Equation for DC generator
2.6 Solve problems based on EMF equitation
2.7 Enlist the types of DC generator
2.8 Explain the method of field excitation, and characteristics of each.
3. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF D.C. MOTORS.
3.1 Draw the construction of DC motor
3.2 Explain the working principle of d.c. motor
3.3 Explain back E.M.F ( cause and effect of back EMF)
3.4 Write and explain the equation of d.c. motor.
3.5 Solve simple problems based on the equation of d.c. motor
3.6 Enlist the types of d.c. motors
3.7 Enlist the applications of each type of d.c motor
3.8 Describe the starting methods for d.c. motors
3.9 Explain the methods of speed control of d.c. motor (Electrical & Electronics)
3.10 Draw line diagram of d.c. motor starter and speed controller.
3.11 Explain the line diagram of DC motor starter & speed controller.
4. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF AN ALTERNATOR (AC GENERATOR).
4.1 Introduction to an alternator.
4.2 Sketch the constructional view of an alternator.
4.3 Compare an alternator with dc generator
4.4 Explain three phase AC generation.
5. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING PRINCIPLE , TYPES AND USES OF THREE PHASE AC MOTORS.
5.1 Describe 3-phase rotating magnetic field
5.2 Explain the principle of induction motor
5.3 Enlist the types of 3-phase induction motors
5.4 Explain the methods of starting three phase induction motors.
5.5 Explain the speed control of induction motors.
5.6 Draw the line diagram of induction motor connected to a motor starter.
5.7 Explain the line diagram of induction motor connected to a starter.
5.8 List the uses of three phase induction motors.
6. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING PRINCIPLES, CONSTRUCTION, TYPES AND USES OF SINGLE PHASE MOTORS.
6.1 Classify single phase AC motor.
6.2 Draw the constructional view of single phase induction motor.
6.3 Explain the working of single phase induction motor.
6.4 Enlist the uses of single phase induction motor
6.5 Describe the uses of single phase induction motor.
6.6 Explain double field revolving concept (split phase rotating field).
6.7 Draw the construction of capacitor -start -run motor.
6.8 Explain the working of capacitor start run motor
6.9 Enlist the uses of capacitor start-run- motor.
6.10 Draw the construction of shaded pole motor.
6.11 Explain the working of shaded pole motor.
6.12 Enlist the uses of shaded pole motor.
6.13 Draw the construction of repulsion motor.
6.14 Explain the working of repulsion motor.
6.15 Enlist the uses of repulsion motor.
6.17 Draw the construction of AC series motor.
6.18 Explain the working of AC series motor.
6.19 List the uses of AC series motor.
6.20 Explain the construction and principle of operation of Synchronous motor.
6.21 Lists its uses.
7. UNDERSTAND THE CONSTRUCTION & WORKING OF UNEXCITED SINGLE PHASE SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR.
7.1 Draw the construction of reluctance motor.
7.2 Explain the working of reluctance motor.
7.3 List the uses of reluctance motor.
7.4 Draw the construction of Hystersis motor.
7.5 Explain the operation of Hystersis motor..
8. UNDERSTAND THE TYPES, CONSTRUCTION , WORKING AND USES OF STEPPER AND SERVO MOTOR.
8.1 Draw the construction of stepper motor.
8.2 Explain the working operation of stepper motor.
8.3 List the uses of stepper motor.
8.5 Draw the construction of servo motor.
8.6 Explain the working of servo motor.
8.7 List the uses of servo motor.
TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS.
1. B.L. Therja "Electrical Technology"
2. Admiralty "Examples in electrical calculation"
3. Humpherics "Motors and Controls"
El.T. 322 MOTORS & GENERATORS
LIST OF PRACTICAL:
1. Verify the Faraday’s Laws of electromagnetic induction by using a simple loop generator.
2. Study of main part of a d.c. generator.
3. Plot the O.C.C. of a d.c. shunt generator.
4. Plot the load characteristics of d.c. shunt generators.
5. Study the effect of back e.m.f. of a d.c. motor.
6. Plotting of load characteristics of d.c. series motor.
7. Starting a d.c. series and shunt motors through starters.
8. Practice speed control of d.c. series and shunt motors.
9. Study the operation of an alternator (effect of variation field excitation and rotor speed.
10. Study of rotating magnetic field..
11. Study the operation of 3-phase squirrel cage induction motor.
12. Study the operation of 3-phases synchronous motor.
13. Practice reversal of direction of rotation of 3-phase induction motor.
14. Study the line diagram of direct-on 3-phase motor starter.
15. Connect a 3-phase induction motor to supply line through a direct-on starter.
16. Study the line and connection diagram of a starter-delta starter.
17 Connect a 3-phase squirrel cage induction motor to supply line through a star-delta starter.
18. Study operation of split-phase single phase a-c motor.
19. Study the operation of capacitor-start -and-run single phase a-c motor.
20. Study the operation of shaded pole single phase motor.
21. Study the operation of a-c series motor.
22. Study the speed control of a-c series motor.
23. Study the working of miniature (reluctance and hystersis) single phase a-c motors.
EL.T. 326 TV CIRCUITS & SYSTEMS
T P C
3 9 6
Total contact hours:
Theory: 96 Hours.
Practical: 288 Hours.
Pre-requisites: Communication System - I & II.
AIMS Having gone through this subject the student will be able to understand the principle, operation, and application of Black & White TV, Colour TV Receivers and TV Studio.
1. Identify the stages of back & white and colour TV receiver.
2. Explain the operation of stages in Black & White and Colour TV receivers.
3. Explain the operation of equipment used in TV studio.
4. Use the equipment and apparatus for servicing the Black & White and Colour TV receivers.
5. Troubleshooting of Black & White and Colour TV receivers .
6. Replace the faulty components used in Black & White and Colour TV receivers.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
1. PICTURE SCANNING & TV STANDARDS. (01 Hour)
1.1 Picture Elements
1.2 Scanning.
1.3 Field and frame frequency , persistence of vision.
1.4 Introduction of CCIR and FCC standards.
2. VIDEO SIGNAL. (03 Hours)
2.1 Picture information and video signal amplitude.
2.2 Video signal frequencies and DC components of video signal, study of resolution and high resolution system.
2.3 Scanning and Blanking Pulses
2.3.1 Sawtooth wave from for linear scanning.
2.3.2 Principle of interlaced scanning, non-interlaced scanning.
2.3.3 Aspect ratio, frame and field frequency.
2.3.4 Vertical blanking pulses.
2.3.5 Horizontal blanking pulses.
3. CAMERA TUBES. (04 Hours)
3.1 Photosensitive, photo-conductive, photo-voltaic and photo-emissive materials, principle and uses.
3.2 Saticon, their construction and working principles, merits and demerits.
3.3 Construction and working principle of silicon target plate and CCD camera and their uses.
4. TV RECEIVER CIRCUIT. (01 Hour)
4.1 Block diagram of monochrome TV Receiver.
4.2 Path of signal flow.
5. CHANNEL SELECTION (VHF & UHF). (04 Hours)
5.1 RF amplifier, mixer and local oscillator circuit and function.
5.2 Band width of channel according to CCIR and FCC systems
5.3 Channel frequency in VHF and UHF ranges.
5.4 UHF channel, circuit and function.
5.5 Different types of tuners. Rotary, Preset variable resistor and varactor diode tuning.
5.6 Study of the operational controls and adjustments of monochrome TV receiver.
6. AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL (AGC). (02 Hours)
6.1 Automatic Gain Control circuit
6.2 Keyed and delayed AGC circuit and function.
6.3 Picture intermediate frequency amplifier
6.4 I, II, and III picture intermediate frequency amplifier circuit, & their functions.
6.5 Picture I.F. alignment procedure, study of saw filter used as IFT, AFT circuit, study of response curve of IF amplifier.
7. COMPOSITE VIDEO SIGNAL. (04 Hours)
7.1 Study of composite Video signal at the output of video detector. Blanking ,sync, equalizing pulses.
7.2 Video amplifier circuit and operation, high & low video frequency compensation circuit.
7.3 Signal polarity in input and output of video amplifier.
7.4 Brightness and contrast control.
7.5 Video detector (AM) circuit and operation
8. SYNC SEPARATOR SECTION. (03 Hours)
8.1 Sync take-off point and separation of sync pulses from the video signal. Horizontal and vertical synchronization.
8.2 Sync clipping and sync separator circuit.
8.3 High and low pass filters circuits and operation.
8.4 Differentiating circuit and its operation.
8.5 Integrating circuit and its operation.
9. HORIZONTAL SECTION. (03 Hours)
9.1 Sweep circuit function and waveform requirements.
9.2 Review of different types of sweep generator circuits.
9.3 Automatic frequency control for horizontal oscillator.
9.4 Horizontal oscillator, Horizontal driver, their function and circuit.
9.5 Horizontal output, horizontal output transformer. Damper and damper circuit, High voltage rectifier, their function and circuit.
9.6 Electromagnetic deflection. Yoke coil, Horizontal linearity and width control.
9.7 High tension power supply.
10. VERTICAL SECTION. (03 Hours)
10.1 Vertical oscillator circuit and its function.
10.2 Vertical driver circuit and its function.
10.3 Vertical output circuit and its function.
10.4 Study of vertical linearity, hold and height control.
11. SOUND SECTION. (04 Hours)
11.1 Sound take off from video detector. Sound subcarrier frequency.
11.2 Sound I.F. amplifier, circuit, operation and alignment.
11.3 F.M. detector, ratio detector, discriminator circuit and operation.
11.4 Sound output circuit and operation.
12. POWER SUPPLIES. (04 Hours)
12.1 Transformer and transformerless power supplies, circuit, operation, merit and demerits.
2. AC/DC stabilized power supply circuit operation, merit and demerits
3. Switched mode power supply (SMPS), circuit, operations, merits and demerits.
12.4 Primary and secondary power supply, circuit & operation.
13. OPTICS OF COLOUR TELEVISION. (05 Hours)
13.1 Study of visible light spectrum.
13.2 Perception of colours.
13.3 Primary and secondary colours and colour circle.
13.4 Mixing of colours, Colour addition and subtraction, complementary colours, colour circle diagram with phase angle.
13.5 Studio white and receiver white.
13.6 Hue, Saturation, Luminance, Chrominance & Compatibility.
13.7 Introduction of colour TV camera and its working principle.
14. COLOUR TELEVISION SYSTEMS. (08 Hours)
14.1 NTSC system, Introduction, brief discussion merits and demerits of NTSC system with block diagram.
14.2 SECAM system, Introduction ,merits and demerits with block diagram
14.3 PAL system, Merits and demerits.
14.4 Block diagram of PAL colour TV Receiver and Transmitter.
15. PAL CODER OR PAL ENCODER. (12 hours)
15.1 Introduction of PAL colour signal, waveform. Frequency Interlacing.
15.2 Choice of subcarrier frequency. PAL sub-carrier frequency. Calculation of exact value of PAL subcarrier frequency.
15.3 Basic PAL coder, basic block diagram and phasor diagram. UV weighing factor.
15.4 Modulation products and chrominance signal.
15.5 Colour swing burst and colour burst getting.
15.6 Band width of colour difference signals and colour signal sync pulses.
16. PAL DECODER. (12 Hours)
16.1 Method of Tuning
16.2 Frequency synthesis method of tuning and Automatic fine tuning (AFT).
16.4 I.F section circuit and operation. Saw filter in I.F. section.
16.5 Video detector, distribution of detected signal and video signal path.
16.6 The Luminance channel, luminance amplifier.
16.7 Pedestal clamp, contrast control. Retrace blanking. The Comb filter.
16.8 PAL Colour Decoder, block diagram, function of each block with waveform.
16.9 Automatic Colour control (ACC) amplifier.
16.10 U & V signal demodulator, the reference oscillator, and study of delay lines.
16.11 Burst phase identification (Indent) signal amplifier and colour killer.
16.12 The PAL switch & 90 degree phase shifting. 180 degree PAL switch
16.13 RGB Matrix
16.14 Colour burst and phase discriminator circuit
17. COLOUR PICTURE TUBES. (02 Hours)
17.1 Types of colour picture tubes, delta gun tube. In line precision picture tube.
17.2 Trinitron picture tube.
17.3 LCD screen.
17.4 Study different control in colour TV receiver control on front panel and on PC Board of colour TV.
18. TELETEX RECEIVER. (02 Hour)
18.1 Introduction of Teletex TV receiver using block diagram.
18.2 Introduction of Teletex display, picture , data line ,access time, and coding signal.
18.3 Generation of Teletex character, its control and storage.
18.4 Formation of Teletex data line assembly, view data and prestel system.
19. REMOTE CONTROL (01 Hour)
19.1 Remote control transmitters..
19.2 Remote control receiver circuit and its operation.
20. CAMERA LENSES. (03 Hours)
20.1 Camera optical systems, types of lens, turret, fixed, tele-lens, and zoom lens.
20.2 Aperture control in TV Camera.
20.3 Production of optical image techniques for taking up close up views limitations of light beams.
21. STUDIO CONTROL ROOM. (05 Hours)
21.1 Audio video control console (Block Diagram)
21.2 Video switching system. Three bus and five bus switching system.
21.3 Explanation the terms, dissolve, fade in, fade out, superimposition, switching and mixing.
21.4 Picture monitor, intercommunication system.
21.5 Block diagrams of VHS VCR PAL system and multi-system.
21.6 Video recording systems. VHS tape transport system.
21.7 Necessity of projection equipment in TV studio.
22. OUTDOOR TV BROADCASTING. (02 Hours)
22.1 Necessity of remote pick up arrangement in TV broadcasting
22.2 Field equipment used for remote pick up, Outdoor Broadcast Van.
TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Monochrome and Colour TV by R.R. Gulati
2. Colour Television by Cole.
3. Colour TV Principle and Practice by R.R. Gulati
4. Television Production by Alan Wurtzel
5. Techniques of Television Production by Rudy Bretz
6. Television Broadcasting Engineering by Chinn
El.T 326 T.V. CIRCUITS & SYSTEMS
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES.
BLACK & WHITE TELEVISION
1. UNDERSTAND THE PICTURE ELEMENTS, SCANNING AND STANDARDS FOR BLACK AND WHITE TV TRANSMISSION.
1.1 Describe the picture element.
1.2 Describe scanning (interlaced and non-interlaced scanning).
1.3 Describe saw tooth wave shape for linear scanning.
1.4 Describe sync pulses and equalizing pulses.
1.5 Describe CCIR and FCC standards.
1.6 Describe line & field frequency, aspect ratio, raster, frame frequency according to CCIR and FCC standards.
1.7 Describe a blanking pulse.
1.8 Identify the function of horizontal and vertical blanking pulses.
2. UNDERSTAND THE COMPOSITE VIDEO SIGNAL.
2.1 Draw the formation of composite video signal.
2.2 Explain the composite video signal.
3. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING PRINCIPLE AND OPERATION OF B&W CAMERA TUBES.
3.1 Name photo sensitive, photo-conductive, photo-voltaic and photo-emissive material with their uses.
3.2 Explain the construction & working principles of saticon.
3.3 List the merits & demerits of saticon.
3.4 Explain construction & working principle of silicon target plate.
3.5 List the merit & demerits of silicon target plate.
3.6 Describe CCD camera and its applications.
4. UNDERSTAND THE BLOCK DIAGRAM OF B & W TV RECEIVER.
4.1 Draw the block diagram of black & white T.V receiver according to CCIR standard.
4.2 Label each stage of black and white T.V receiver.
4.3 Draw the path of signal flow with waveform at each stage.
5. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF TUNER AND CHANNEL SELECTOR.
5.1 Describe band width of channels according to CCIR & FCC standard
5.2 Describe channels frequencies for VHF & UHF range.
5.3 Enlist types of tuners.
5.4 Draw the schematic diagram of R.F amplifier.
5.5 Describe the function of R.F. amplifier circuit.
6. List the problem related to RFA and their remedies at VHF & UHF
7. Describe the causes of the above problem
5.8 Draw the schematic diagram of tuning circuit using varactor diode.
5.9 Explain the function of varactor diode tuning circuit.
5.10 Explain the manual and synthesized phase locked loop controlled tuning.
5.11 Draw the schematic diagram of a channel selector.
5.12 Explain the working of channel selector.
6. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF AGC & PICTURE I.F. AMPLIFIER.
6.1 Define automatic gain control (AGC) and list its types.
6.2 Draw the schematic diagram of delayed AGC & Keyed AGC.
6.3 Explain the operation of delayed AGC & Keyed AGC circuits
6.4 Draw the schematic diagram of Picture I.F. amplifier
6.5 Explain the function of picture I.F amplifier.
6.6 Describe frequencies at Picture I.F input & I.F frequencies.
6.7 Describe the working Picture I.F Amplifier (function of I, II and III IFA).
6.8 Draw the response curve of Picture I.F. Amplifier.
6.9 Explain the function of SAW filter used in a I.F.T.
7. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF VIDEO SECTION.
7.1 Draw the schematic diagram of video amplifier stage.
7.2 Explain the operation of video output circuit.
7.3 Draw the wave form of signal at the input & output of video output stage.
7.4 Explain the method of frequency compensation of video stage by using peaking coil.
7.5 Draw the schematic diagram of video detector (AM) stage.
7.6 Explain the function of video detector circuit.
7.7 Describe the function of buffer stage.
7.8 Describe the function of brightness & contrast controls.
8. TO UNDERSTAND THE FUNCTION OF SYNC SEPARATOR SECTION.
8.1 Draw the schematic diagram of sync take off point from the video section.
8.2 Draw the schematic diagram of sync separator section.
8.3 Explain the function of sync separator.
8.4 Describe the operation & uses of differentiating & integrating circuits.
9. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING AND OPERATION OF HORIZONTAL STAGE.
9.1 Draw the schematic diagram of Horizontal oscillator circuit.
9.2 Explain the function of horizontal oscillator.
9.3 Draw the schematic diagram of horizontal Automatic Frequency Control (AFC).
9.4 Explain the function of AFC.
9.5 Draw the schematic diagram of horizontal driver stage.
9.6 Explain the function of horizontal driver stage.
9.7 Draw the schematic diagram of horizontal output stage.
9.8 Explain the function of horizontal output stage.
9.9 Draw the schematic diagram of damper and line output (fly back) transformer.
9.10 Explain the function of damper & line output (fly back) transformer.
9.11 Draw the wave shapes of signals at the above circuits of horizontal section.
9.12 Describe electromagnetic deflection.
10. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF VERTICAL SECTION.
10.1 Draw the block diagram of vertical oscillator.
10.2 Explain the function of vertical oscillator circuit.
10.3 Draw the schematic diagram of vertical driver stage.
10.4 Explain the function of vertical driver stage.
10.5 Draw the schematic diagram of vertical output section.
10.6 Explain the function of vertical output stage.
11. TO UNDERSTAND THE OPERATION OF SOUND SECTION.
11.1 List the methods of sound take off (detector and buffer take off).
11.2 Draw the block diagram of sound take off circuit from video section.
11.3 Draw the schematic diagram of sound I.F. amplifier.
11.4 Explain the operation of sound I.F. amplifier circuit.
11.5 Explain the operation of FM detector circuit.
11.6 Draw the schematic diagram of sound output section.
11.7 Explain the function of sound output section.
11.8 Describe the function of sound control (volume and tone).
12. UNDERSTAND THE CONSTRUCTION, TYPES AND APPLICATIONS OF POWER SUPPLIES.
12.1 Describe the need of power supply in a TV receiver.
12.2 Draw the block diagram of transformer type power supply.
12.3 Explain the function of transformer type power supply.
12.4 Draw the schematic diagram of transformer-less power supply.
12.5 Explain the function of transformer-less power supply.
12.6 Compare transformer type & transformer less power supply.
12.7 Draw the schematic diagram of AC/DC stabilized power supply.
12.8 Explain the function of AC/DC stabilized power supply.
12.9 Describe merits & demerits of AC/DC stabilized power supply.
12.10 Draw the schematic diagram of switched mode power supply.
12.11 List the function of switched mode power supply.
12.12 Describe merits & demerits of switched mode power supply.
12.13 Explain the operation of primary power supply circuit.
12.14 Draw the schematic diagram of secondary power supply.
12.15 Explain the operation of secondary power supply circuit.
COLOUR TELEVISION RECEIVERS.
13. UNDERSTAND OPTICS OF COLOUR TELEVISION.
13.1 Review of nature of light.
13.2 Describe visible light spectrum.
13.3 Describe perception of colours.
13.4 List primary colours.
13.5 Describe additive mixing of colours.
13.6 Describe subtractive mixing of colours.
13.7 Describe hue, saturation, luminance, chrominance & compatibility.
13.8 Describe primary & secondary and complementary colours.
13.9 Draw colour circle diagram w.r.t phase angle.
13.10 Explain colour theory with luminance values of colours.
13.11 Explain colour circle diagram w.r.t. phase angle.
13.12 Draw the block diagram of colour TV camera.
13.13 Identify the function of each block of colour T.V camera.
13.12 Describe the working principle of colour T.V camera.
14. UNDERSTAND COLOUR TELEVISION SYSTEMS.
14.1 Describe the NTSC colour TV system.
14.2 List the merits & demerits of NTSC colour TV system.
14.3 Describe the SECAM colour TV system.
14.4 List the merits & demerits of SECAM colour TV system..
14.5 Describe PAL colour TV system.
14.6 Name the types of PAL colour TV systems.
14.7 List the merits & demerits of PAL colour TV system.
14.8 Draw the block diagram of PAL colour TV transmitter.
14.9 Describe each stage of PAL colour TV transmitter.
14.10 Draw the block diagram of PAL colour TV receiver.
14.11 Describe each stage of PAL colour TV receive.
15. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF PAL CODER OR ENCODER.
15.1 Draw the block diagram of basic encoder.
15.2 Draw the block diagram of PAL CODER.
15.3 Describe frequency interlacing.
15.4 Describe choice of colour sub-carrier frequency.
15.5 Describe exact value of colour sub carrier frequency.
15.6 Draw the phasor diagram of PAL encoder.
15.7 Describe U & V signals.
15.8 Describe U & V weighing factor.
15.9 Describe band width of colour difference signals.
15.10 Describe modulation products.
15.11 Describe chrominance signal.
15.12 Describe colour burst and swinging burst.
15.13 Describe colour burst getting.
15.14 Draw the diagram of colourplexed video signal with sync pulses.
16. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF PAL DECODER.
16.1 Draw the block diagram of PAL-D decoder.
16.2 Explain the working of PAL decoder stage by stage.
16.3 Elaborate the difference between PAL-B, PAL-D, NTSC, & SECAM.
16.4 Identify the function of Comb filter.
16.5 Describe the function of chrome amplifier stages.
16.6 Describe the function burst gate (gaited burst) and burst blanking.
16.7 Identify the function of ACC and colour killer.
16.8 Explain the need and function of sub-carrier generator (4.43 MHz oscillator).
16.9 Describe phase discriminator circuit.
16.10 Identify the burst phase identification (indent) signal.
16.11 Identify the function of indent amplifier.
16.12 Explain the function of 180 degree PAL switch.
16.13 Explain the working of U and V demodulator circuit.
16.14 Explain the working of matrix circuit to generate G - Y signal.
16.15 Identify the function of colour difference amplifiers.
16.16 Explain the function of RGB matrix circuit.
16.17 Compute the values of RGB drive circuit resistors.
18. Explain the working of RGB amplifiers.
17. UNDERSTAND THE TYPES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF COLOUR PICTURE TUBES AND TV RECEIVER CONTROLS.
17.1 Draw and label the cross sectional view of precision in line (PIL) picture tube.
17.2 Draw and label the cross sectional view of trinitron picture tube.
17.3 Compare PIL & trinitron picture tubes.
18. UNDERSTAND THE ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF TELEVISION EQUIPMENT TO RECEIVE AND DISPLAY TELETEXT INFORMATION.
18.1 Draw the block diagram of teletext receiver.
18.2 Describe the function of each block of teletext receiver.
18.3 Describe the teletext coding signals
18.4 describe the terms: data lines, access time and teletext character.
19. TO UNDERSTAND THE WORKING REMOTE CONTROL.
19.1 Describe remote control transmitter & receiver.
19.2 Draw the block diagram of remote control transmitter.
19.3 Explain remote control transmitter block diagram.
19.4 Draw the block diagram of remote control receiver.
19.5 Explain remote control receiver block.
19.6 Explain antenna booster.
20. UNDERSTAND THE NEED, TYPES AND APPLICATION OF STUDIO LIGHTING.
20.1 Describe the objective of TV studio lighting.
20.2 Identify the steps for lighting a new show.
20.3 Enlist the types of lights with their application in a TV studio. 20.4 List the types light sources with their uses.
20.5 Enlist the limitations of light beam.
20.6 Describe the term: flood light, spot light, stripe & special effect lights.
20.7 Describe light board, patch board & light dimmers.
21. UNDERSTAND THE OPTICAL SYSTEM AND USE OF LENSES.
21.1 Describe the optical system of a TV studio camera.
21.2 Enumerate kinds of lens with their applications.
21.3 Describe the aperture control in TV camera.
21.4 Describe optical image techniques for taking a close up view.
22. UNDERSTAND THE FUNCTION OF AUDIO-VIDEO CONTROL CONSOLE.
22.1 Describe the necessity of projection equipment TV studio.
23. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF FIELD EQUIPMENT AND VIDEO
FOR OUTDOOR TV BROADCAST.
23.1 Describe the necessity of remote pick up arrangement in TV
broadcasting.
23.2 Enlist the field equipment used for remote pick up.
23.3 Draw and label the plan of outdoor broadcast van.
El.T. 326 TV CIRCUITS & SYSTEMS
LIST OF PRACTICAL:
1. Study of troubles, Symptoms in picture tubes and its accessories operation of television receiver and adjustment of its control.
2. General introduction to the circuit of television receiver. Emphasize the safety precautions while handling the CRT.
3. Identify and locate the E.H.T section for the purpose of shielding and safety precautions.
4. Identify and locate the horizontal section.
5. Identify and locate the vertical section.
6. Test of deflection yoke and focus assembly of picture tube.
7. Trace Circuit of 1st I.F amplifier stage.
8. Measure voltage of 1st I.F amplifier stage.
9. Trace circuit of 2nd I.F amplifier and measure of voltage.
10. Trace circuit of 3rd I.F amplifier and measure voltage.
11. Trace circuit of amplifier and measure voltage.
12. Trace circuit of sound take off circuit and sound I.F amplifier and measure its voltage.
13. Trace circuit of audio detector, audio voltage amplifier, and measure its voltage.
14. Trace circuit of audio power amplifier and measure its voltage.
15. Circuit tracing of A.G.C circuit supply and measure its voltage.
16. Install antenna. Remove of ghosts and other troubles in antenna system.
17. Troubleshoot a R.F tuner, R.F stage, mixer stage, local oscillator, and snow in picture.
18. Write a report after servicing procedure when a set blows-off fuse.
19. Write a report after servicing a set which has no raster.
20. Write a report after servicing a television set which has no picture and raster is normal.
21. Localize and rectify a fault in I.F amplifiers.
22. Trace circuit of vertical hold, horizontal hold, brightness control and study the effect of their variation.
23. Trace circuit and measure voltages of synchronization circuit.
24. Write a report after servicing a TV set for poor synchronization.
25. Troubleshoot the sync, vertical and horizontal hold system faults.
26. Troubleshoot differentiator / integrator and interlace problems.
27. Trace circuit and measure voltage of vertical oscillator and vertical output amplifier.
28. Measure resistance of components in the vertical section.
29. Rectify faults in the vertical oscillator.
30. Rectify faults in the vertical output amplifier.
31. Measure voltages in vertical section.
32. Adjust position of horizontal deflection coils and study its effect on picture.
33. Rectify faults in horizontal oscillator,
34 Trace circuit of horizontal width and horizontal linearity controls to check the vertical and horizontal linearity of a television receiver.
35 Trace circuit of an A.F.C stage.
36. Locate faults in EHT circuit .
37. Trace circuit of high voltage rectifier and damper circuit.
36. Service a set for no sound no picture and no raster and write a report.
37. Service a set for over-loaded picture and negative picture and write a report.
38 Troubleshoot a ratio detector.
39. Troubleshoot an audio voltage and power amplifiers.
40. Service a set in which the audio information interferes with the picture information and write a report.
41. Align an audio information chain.
42. Service a TV set in which the picture rolls vertical and write a report.
43. Service a TV set for bright vertical lines and fold over and write a report.
44. Service a TV set for bright horizontal line and write a report.
45. Install a TV antenna booster.
46. Localize faults in the R.F. and luminance circuits, Tuner stage, detector stage, A.F.C. CRT drive circuit Luminance (preamplifier, delay line).
47. Troubleshoot faults in R.F. and luminance circuits, Herring bone pattern, Hanover blind, Low saturation, Loss of luminance signal, Excessive sub-carrier dot pattern, Delay line faults, Colour faults.
48. Trace circuit of chrominance, PAL decoder, colour killer, burst, suppression, demodulation, sub-carrier trap, colour difference circuit, colour difference amplifier and clamps, RGB drive, burst gate, phase discriminator, indent signal, automatic chrominance control.
49. Troubleshoot faults in chrominance circuits. No colour, weak colour, incorrect colour, hanover blinds.
50. Adjust colour picture tubes purity, static and dynamic convergence and degaussing.
51. Localize and rectify faults in picture tubes. Overall red or blue, cyan, magenta or yellow, poor focus and sub-standard brightness, poor focus of one gun, excessive CRT flashover, no raster, raster red, blue or green, poor static convergence.
52. To study the time bases and associated circuits sync separator, field and line time base oscillators, vertical shift circuit, pincushion correction, dynamic convergence correction, overload and feed back protection.
53. Troubleshoot faults in sync circuits. No colour, horizontal bands of incorrect colour.
54. Troubleshoot faults in field stages. No field scan, reduced and non-linear scan.
55. Troubleshoot faults in line output and EHT stages. No raster, vertical line and no picture, lack of width or poor linearity.
56. Troubleshoot faults convergence circuits. Poor static convergence, poor dynamic convergence.
57. Demonstrate the TV broadcasting equipment and accessories.
58. To study aspect ratio on raster and picture monitor.
59. To study camera control and its movements.
60 Analyze video signal on C.R.O.
61. To line-up a TV camera on a test card and adjust it for best
62. To line-up a TV camera in a group of students approximately 10 in numbers.
63. To study of camera connection with camera control unit.
64. Adjust camera lens assembly.
65. Calibrate focus and lens diaphragm (aperture) scale on the lens turret.
66. Measure light intensity at different points in TV studio.
68. To study the lighting procedure in a TV studio.
69. To study the technical difficulties and problems involved in TV production.
70. Visit to a TV station to study the switching audio-video control console.
El.T-333 INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
T P C
2 3 3
Total Contact Hours:
Theory: 64 Hours.
Practical: 96 Hours.
AIMS After studying the subject the student will be able to:
1. To understand various industrial electronic circuits.
2. To understand control system and components.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. Apply electronic devices for industrial control.
2. Describe the use of amplifier and oscillator in control circuits.
3. Identify the function of of to-electronic devices in control circuits.
4. Discuss the methods of H.F. dielectric and microwave heating.
5. Discuss the function of paleface rectifiers and inverter.
6. Identify the function of various type of transducers.
7. Explain the generation and application of ultrasonic.
8. Identify the Principe of control system.
9. Explain the function of servomechanism.
1. SWITCHING & UPTO DEVICES AND TIMERS (REVIEW) (03 Hours)
1.1. UJT ratings and UJT relaxation oscillator.
1.2 SCR ratings and SCR power control circuits.
1.3 Diac and Triac ratings and their use in power control.
1.4 Photo devices, photo transistor, LDR and LASCR.
1.5 LED, LED array, LCD and solar cell.
1.6 Upto-Couples.
1.7 Transistor timer.
1.8 IC timer (555 IC)
1.9 Sequential and long duration timer.
2. INDUSTRIAL HEATING AND WELDING. (04 Hours)
2.1 HF induction heating.
2.2 Microwave frequency dielectric heating.
2.3 Resistance Welding.
3. DIRECT COUPLED AND MAGNETIC AMPLIFIERS. (04 Hours)
3.1 Saturable core reactor.
3.2 Principle and applications of magnetic amplifier.
4. REGULATOR S OF VOLTAGE AND MOTOR SPEED. (04 Hours)
4.1 Voltage regulation of electric generators.
4.2 Speed Control of a DC motor and light dimmers.
4.3 Speed control of an 3-phase induction motor.
5. PALEFACE RECTIFIER AND INVERTER. (06 hours)
5.1 Three phase Delta / Star controlled Bridge Rectifier.
5.2 Need of Inverter.
5.3 Inverter circuit using S.C.Rs and single phase transformer.
5.4 Uninterrupted power Supply (UPS).
6 TRANSDUCERS (02 Hours)
6.1 Transducer as a system input device.
6.2 Classification of transducers.
6.3 Selection of a transducer.
7. ULTRASONIC. (04 Hours)
7.1 Methods of Generation of Ultrasonic.
7.2 Magnetic Striation oscillator.
7.3 Hartley oscillator using piezo cell.
7.4 Pulsed echo ultrasonic detector.
7.5 Applications of ultrasonic waves.
8. CONTROL OF SYSTEMS. (16 Hours)
8.1 Fundamentals of Control System.
8.1.1 Control variables
8.1.2 Open loop control system.
8.1.3 Closed loop control system.
8.1.4 Final control elements.
8.1.5 On-off control.
8.2 PI Controller.
8.2.1 Fundamentals
8.2.2 Proportional Band.
8.2.3 Application.
8.3 PD Controller.
8.3.1 Fundamentals
8.3.2 Integration time.
8.4 PI, PD and PID Controllers.
8.4.1 Calibration and application.
8.4.2 Characteristics
8.5 Servo System.
8.5.1 Loop presentation.
8.5.2 Armature and field controls.
8.5.3 Servo Block characteristics.
8.5.4 Synchors, transmitter and transformer.
8.5.5 Velocity feedback.
8.5.6 Speed control.
8.5.7 Transient response
8.5.8 Automatic voltage stabilizer (servo type)
9. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER. (08 Hours)
9.1 Fundamentals, Layout, Ladder diagram, structur.
9.2 Multiplexing of controlled variable signals.
9.3 A/D and D/A conversion.
9.4 Programmable logic concept.
9.5 Microprocessor based control system.
9.6 Introduction of Robotics.
10. STABILITY OF CONTROL SYSTEM. (06 Hours)
10.1 Need of stability of control system.
10.2 Methods to improve stability.
TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Chute, G. Electronics in industry 5th Edition.
2. Mithl, G.K. Industrial Electronics.
3. Woodruff John Basic Instrumentation.
4. Bateson Robest Introduction to Control System Technology.
5. Deinter Rouold Automated Process Control System Concept and Hardware.
6. Texas Instruments Electronic Power Control and Digital Technique.
7. George C. Barney Intelligent Instrumentation Microprocessor Application in Measurement and Control.
8. Gottlieb Power Supplies, Switching Regulators, Inverter & converters.
9. Billing Switchmode Power Supply.
10. Alarms 555 Electronic Projects and Circuits.
EL.T-333 INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES:
1. SWITCHING AND PHOTO DEVICES AND TIMERS(Review only).
1.1 Understand the industrial applications of switching, photo devices and timers.
1.1.1 State the operation of UJT relaxation oscillator and the terms VBB , n VE and stand off ratio.
1.1.2 State the rating & power control characteristics of an SCR (VAK, VBR, IH, IA, IGT).
1.1.3 Explain the applications of Diac & Traic in power control circuit.
1.2 Photo Devices.
1.2.1 Explain the applications of photo diode, photo transistor, LDR & LASCR.
1.2.2 State the applications of LED, LED array, LCD, Solar cell and opto-coupler.
1.3 Timers & their Industrial Applications.
1.3.1 State the RC time constant.
1.3.2 Explain the delay time action of circuits.
1.3.3 Explain the transistor timer.
1.3.4 Explain timer using IC 555 & 556
1.3.5 Describe the application of 555 & 556 timer
1.3.6 Explain the operation of sequential and long duration timer and list their applications.
2. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF INDUSTRIAL HEATING & WELDING.
2.1 Draw the block diagram of induction heating system.
2.2 Explain the working principle and applications of high frequency
Induction heating.
2.3 Explain the working principle of microwave frequency dielectric heating.
2.4 Draw the block diagram of resistance welding machine.
2.5 Identify the function of each block of the resistance welding machine.
3. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF DIRECT-COUPLED & MAGNETIC AMPLIFIERS.
3.1 Draw the circuit diagram of a D.C. amplifier.
3.2 Explain the operation of D.C. amplifier.
3.3 List the applications D.C. amplifier.
3.4 Draw the circuit diagram of a two stage D.C. amplifier.
3.5 Explain the operation of two stage D.C. amplifier.
3.6 List the merit and demerits of D.C. amplifier.
3.7 Draw the schematic diagram of a saturated core reactor.
3.8 Explain the operation of saturated core reactor.
3.9 List the applications of saturated core reactor.
3.10 Draw the circuit diagram of a magnetic amplifier.
3.11 Explain the working of a magnetic amplifier.
3.12 List the applications of a magnetic amplifier.
4. UNDERSTAND THE ELECTRONIC METHODS OF VOLTAGE REGULATION OF ELECTRICAL GENERATORS AND MOTOR SPEED CONTROL.
4.1 Draw the schematic diagram for basic voltage regulator for electrical generator using a transistor and zener diode (forming a closed loop ).
4.2 Explain the working of the simple voltage regulator circuit.
4.3 Draw the schematic diagram of the car-alternator voltage regulator.
4.4 Explain the working of the car-alternator voltage regulator.
4.5 List the types of feedback regulator circuits for low voltage DC output.
4.6 Draw the schematic diagram of basic of-amp series regulator with current limiting element.
4.7 Explain the working of series voltage regulator circuit.
4.8 Draw the schematic diagram of a basic of-amp shunt regulator.
4.9 Explain the working of basic of-amp shunt regulator.
4.10 Draw the schematic diagram of a basic step-down switching (mode) regulator.
4.11 Explain the working of step-down switching regulator.
4.12 Review the armature control and field control of motor speed.
4.13 Draw the circuit diagram of electronic speed control of D.C. motor using SCR.
4.14 Explain the operation of the circuit of D.C. motor speed control.
4.15 Describe the voltage regulator method of speed control of a motor.
4.16 Draw the block diagram of three-phase SCR speed varietur.
4.17 Describe the working of three-phase SCR speed varietur.
4.18 Describe the working of adjustable frequency inverter for AC motor drive. 4.19 Draw the circuit diagrams of light dimmer using
(i) An SCR with a bridge rectifier.
(ii) a diac and a triac.
4.20 Explain the operation of both the above light dimmer circuits.
5. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF PALEFACE RECTIFIER & INVERTER.
5.1 List the types of three phase rectifiers.
5.2 Draw the circuit diagram of 3-phase full wave rectifier using six diodes.
5.3 Explain the operation of a six diode (three-phase full-wave) rectifier.
5.4 Draw the schematic diagram of the delta /star controlled bridge rectifier.
5.5 Explain the operation of 3-phase delta/star controlled bridge rectifier.
5.6 List the applications of polyphase rectifier.
5.7 Draw the circuit diagram of inverter using an SCR and a single phase
transformer.
5.8 Explain the operation of inverter using an SCR and a single phase transformer.
5.9 List the use of inverter
5.10 Draw the block diagram of an uninterrupted power supply ( UPS).
5.11 Identify the function of each block of UPS.
5.12 List the uses of UPS.
6. UNDERSTAND THE CLASSIFICATION AND USES OF TRANSDUCERS.
6.1 List the four major classes of transducers.
6.2 Name three thermal transducer.
6.3 Draw a schematic diagram of thermistor temperature measurement and control circuit.
6.4 Explain the working of thermistor temperature control circuit.
6.5 List the merits and demerits of thermistor as thermal transducer.
6.6 Describe the construction of thermocouple
6.7 List the use of thermocouple.
6.8 Describe the construction of resistance thermometer.
6.9 Explain the working of resistance thermometer in a bridge circuit.
6.10 Draw the internal block diagram of a IC temperature sensor.
6.11 Identify the function of each block of IC temperature sensor.
6.12 List four types of electrical pressure transducer
6.13 List one application each of the following optical transducers:
(i) Photo conductive cell,
ii) Photo emissive cell,
iii) Photo voltaic cell.
6.14 List the applications of the following transducers:
a) LVDT,
b) Variable reluctance.
c) Strain gage,
d) Hall effect
e) EM transducer
f) Limit switch.
7. UNDERSTAND ULTRASONIC.
7.1 Describe the term Ultrasonic.
7.2 Explain the working of magnetic striation oscillator.
7.3 Explain the working of Hartley oscillator using piezo cell.
7.4 Explain the working of pulsed-echo ultrasonic detector.
7.5 List the application of ultrasonic waves.
8. UNDERSTAND THE FUNDAMENTALS OF VARIOUS TYPES OF CONTROL SYSTEM.
8.1 List the basic control variables.
8.1.1 Draw the block diagram of open-loop control system.
8.1.2 Identify the function of each block of the system.
8.1.3 List the applications of open-loop control system.
8.1.4 Draw the block diagram of closed-loop control system.
8.1.5 Identify the function of each block of closed-loop control system.
8.1.6 List the uses of closed-loop control system.
8.1.7 Describe the function of final control element.
8.1.8 Draw the diagram of on-off control system.
8.1.9 Explain the working of on-off control.
8.1.10 List the merits and demerits of on-off control system.
8.2 Understand the function of a proportional Integrator controller.
8.2.1 Explain the fundamentals of PI controller.
8.2.2 Explain the working of proportional Integral controller
8.2.3 List the applications of PI controller.
8.3 Understand the function of P.D. Controller.
8.3.1 Explain the fundamentals of PD controller.
8.3.2 Explain the differentiation time of PD controller.
8.3.3 List the applications of PD controller.
8.4 Understand the characteristics of PI, PD & PID controller.
8.4.1 Explain the characteristics of PI controller.
8.4.2 Explain the characteristics of PD controller.
8.4.3 Describe proportional Integral derivative (PID) controller.
8.4.4 Explain the working of PID controller.
8.4.5 Explain the calibration of PID controller.
8.4.6 List the uses of PID controller.
8.5 Understand the function of servo system.
8.5.1 Explain the loop presentation of servo system.
8.5.2 Explain the armature control of servo motor.
8.5.3 Explain the field control of servo motor.
8.5.4 Draw the block diagram of servo system.
8.5.5 Identify the function of each block of servo system.
8.5.6 Explain the operation of synchros in servo system.
8.5.7 Explain the operation of transmitter in servo system.
8.5.8 Explain the velocity feed-back.
8.5.9 Describe speed control in servo system.
8.5.10 Explain the transient response in servo system.
8.5.11 Draw the circuit diagram of Automatic voltage stabilizer (servo motor type).
8.5.12 Explain the circuit operation of Automatic voltage stabilizer (servo motor type).
9. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER (PLC).
9.1 Explain the fundamentals of programmable logic controller (PLC).
2. Describe the structure of PLC.
3. Describe multiplexing of controlled variable signals
4. Explain interfacing ADC & DAC
5. Explain ladder progrmaming
6. List application of PLC
a) Start/stop motor control
b) Proposal temperature control
9.7 Draw the block diagram of microprocessor based control system.
9.8 Identify the function of each block of microprocessor based control system.
10. UNDERSTAND THE CRITERIA OF STABILITY OF A CONTROL SYSTEM.
10.1 List causes of control system stability.
10.2 Explain the methods to improve stability.
11. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF X-RAY, CT SCANNER AND DIGITAL GLUCOMETER.
11.1 Draw the block diagram of x-ray machine.
11.2 Explain the operation of -ray machine.
11.3 Explain the application of X-ray.
El.T 333: INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
LIST OF PRACTICAL: 96 Hours
1. Demonstrate the performance and parlington pair transistor circuit and enlist its specifications.
2. The study the performance of a transistor switching with an inductive load and determine the need of protective diode.
3. To construct a UJT relaxation oscillator, control its frequency
4. Use of UJT in practical circuit such as
a) Seat Belt Reminder
b) Pulse Stretcher.
c) Temperature resistance heater control.
5. Study of SCR data sheet and test of a thyristor.
6. To study the diac and triac temperature control circuit.
7. Use of SCR in practical circuit such as
a) Light back up circuit.
b) Over voltage protection circuit
c) Motor speed / temperature control
d) Inverter control circuit
e) Uninterrupted power supply (UPS)
8. Use of LED and LASCR in automatic battery charge.
9. Use of LED for seven segment display.
10. Use of photo transistor in:
a) Light interruption alarm.
b) Optical counting system.
11. Use of Photo darlington in remote and intrusion detector.
12. To study the working of Optocoupler for:
a) interfacing computer with peripheral devices
b) Floppy disk drive operation.
13. Demonstrate the working of timing in a photographic enlarge using 555 timer.
14. Demonstrate the working of spot welder control circuit.
15. Demonstrate control by using magnetic amplifier.
16. Demonstrate the working of resistance thermometer.
17. Calibrate a resistance thermometer.
18. Generate ultrasonic waves using piezo cell.
19. Demonstrate the working of ultrasonic medical equipment.
20. Demonstrate the closed loop servo control system of a voltage stabilizer.
21. Industrial visit to : Demonstrate PI, PD, and PDI controllers. Write a visit report.
22. Demonstrate the multiplexing of different analog signals.
23. Construct digital Ramp A/D converter.
24. Construct counter A/D converter.
25. Construct successive approximation D/A converter.
26. Demonstrate soft and hard x-ray machines.
27. Series voltage regulator using OF AMP with over current protection.
28. Switching voltage regulator.
29. To study the control circuit and working of a robotics arm.
30. To study the working of a numerical controlled (N.C.) machine.
E.l.T-342 ANTENNA AND TRANSMISSION LINES.
T P C
1 3 2
Total Contact Hours:
Theory: 32 Hours.
Practical: 96 Hours.
Pre-requisites: Communication-I
AIMS Having gone through this subject, the student will be able to understand:
1. Characteristics of transmission lines.
2. Reflection in transmission lines.
3. Impedance matching of transmission lines.
4. Use of Smith chart.
5. Characteristics of antennas.
6. Type of antennas.
7. Broadcasting antennas.
8. Receiving antennas.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. TRANSMISSION LINES. (20 Hours)
1.1 Introduction to various types
1.2 Characteristics of transmission lines.
1.3 Transmission lines parameter and characteristic impedance (Zo) of parallel wire & coaxial cable.
1.4 Current and voltage wave through a transmission lines.
1.5 Stand wave ratio.
1.6 Current and voltage Power reflection coefficient.
1.7 Propagation of a wave through a line attenuation and propagation coefficient and phase shift.
1.8 Quarter wave and half wave transmission Line characteristics.
1.9 Transmission line matched in different loads.
1.10 Use of smith chart for the calculation of:
i) Zin
ii) ZL
iii) YL
iv) Line length
v) Distance to the first voltage minimum
vi) Maximum and minimum impedance on the line
vii) Magnitude and phase angle of reflection coefficient.
viii) VSWR
xi) Quarter wave transformer (Location and Zo)
x) Single stub matching (Position and length of stub).
2. ANTENNAS. (12 Hours)
2.1 Principle of radiation from antenna.
2.2. Sketching of current and voltage wave form.
2.3 Antenna conduction induction and radiation field.
2.4 Intensity of radiation field and unit of measurement.
2.5 Antenna gain resistance, beam width effective aperture, effective length and polarization.
2.6 Effect of ground on radiation of energy of an antenna.
2.7 Characteristics of I\ / 2 wave dipole antenna
2.8 Radiation Pattern of Array.
2.9 Gain of an Array.
2.10 Construction function and characteristics of Yagi antenna.
2.11 Construction and working of Rhombic antenna.
2.12 Different types of broadcast, horn and parabolic antenna.
TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Fields Waves and Transmission Line by F.A. Benson and T.M. Bension.
2. Satellite Communication System Design Principle by M. Richaria.
3. Electronics Communication, Modulation and Transmission by R. J. Schoenbeck.
4. Antenna and Radio Waves, Propagation by Collin.
5. Electronics Communication System by George Kennedy.
El.T-342 ANTENNAS AND TRANSMISSION LINES
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES:
1. UNDERSTAND VARIOUS TYPES OF TRANSMISSION LINES.
1.1 Define a transmission line.
1.2 List the types of transmission lines: two wire line, axial cable and microstrip.
1.3 Explain the construction of each type transmission line.
1.4 List modes of signal propagation through a transmission line.
1.5 List types of dielectric used in transmission line.
1.6 Derive the factors that determine the power handling ability of a transmission line.
2. UNDERSTAND SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION (EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT)
OF A TRANSMISSION LINE.
2.1 Describe "primary or distributed" line constants (R, L , C & G).
2.2 Define the characteristic impedance (surge Impedance) of a transmission line.
2.3 Explain formulae for calculating characteristic impedance in terms of:
i) Primary line constants
ii) At high frequencies
iii) With physical parameters of two-wire line & coaxial cable.
2.4 Solve problems on above.
3. UNDERSTAND THE FACTORS INVOLVED IN PROPAGATION OF A SIGNAL THROUGH A TRANSMISSION LINE.
3.1 Define secondary line constants i.e. propagation coefficient, attenuation coefficient & phase shift coefficient
3.2 Explain phase velocity, velocity factor & line wavelength.
3.3 Solve the problems on above (3.1 & 3.2).
4. UNDERSTAND THE NEED FOR MATCHING "LOAD IMPEDANCE" WITH THE CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE OF A TRANSMISSION LINE.
4.1 Explain the need for making "ZI" equal to "Zo" of a transmission line.
4.2 Define the terms:
i) Incident wave.
ii) Reflected wave.
iii) Standing waves.
iv) Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR).
v) Voltage reflection coefficient (magnitude & phase angle).
vi) Current reflection coefficient.
4.3 Solve problems on (4.2).
5. UNDERSTAND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SHORT- CIRCUITED,
OPEN-CIRCUITED AND FLAT LINES.
5.1 Explain the behavior i.e. voltage & current distribution for a short-circuited line.
5.2 Write down formula for input impedance of a short circuited line.
5.3 Explain the behavior i.e. voltage & current distribution of an open-circuited line.
5.4 Write down the formula for input impedance of an open-circuited line.
5.5 Explain the behavior & characteristics of a half wavelength line.
5.6 Explain the behavior of quarter wave transmission line.
5.7 Solve the problems on above (5-1-1 & 5-1-3).
6. UNDERSTAND THE APPLICATIONS OF SMITH CHART.
6.1 Explain the behavior of a quarter wave transformer as a matching device.
6.2 Write formula for calculation of characteristic impedance of the quarter wave transformer.
6.3 Use 'SMITH CHART' to determine:
i) Normalized Impedance.
ii) Input Impedance.
iii) Load Impedance.
iv) Load Admittance.
v) Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR).
vi) Magnitude & phase angle of reflection coefficient.
vii) Maximum & minimum impedance on the line.
viii) Distance to the first voltage minima.
ix) Quarter wave transformer ( location and characteristic Impedance).
x) Single stub-matching (location and length of the stub).
7. UNDERSTAND THE CONSTRUCTION AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF
SLOTTED LINE & DIRECTIONAL COUPLER.
7.1 Explain the working & characteristics of slotted line.
7.2 Explain the working & characteristics of directional coupler.
8. UNDERSTAND THE CAUSES OF LOSSES IN A TRANSMISSION LINE.
8.1 Explain the radiation loss.
8.2 Explain loss due to conductor heating.
8.3 Explain loss due to dielectric heating.
9. UNDERSTAND THE PRINCIPLES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
ENERGY RADIATION.
9.1 Describe the fundamentals of Electromagnetic waves.
9.2 Explain Electric field, magnetic field & direction of propagation.
9.3 Explain waves in free space, velocity of propagation, inverse square law, power density & characteristic Impedance of free space.
9.4 Describe reflection, refraction and interference of electromagnetic waves.
9.5 Draw the electromagnetic spectrum.
9.6 Describe ground (surface) waves propagation.
9.7 Describe sky wave propagation.
9.8 Describe space wave propagation.
9.9 Explain the terms: maximum useable frequency, critical frequency, and skip distance.
10. UNDERSTAND THREE CHARACTERISTICS, AND CLASSIFICATION OF HIGH-FREQUENCY ANTENNAS.
10.1 Describe the electromagnetic radiation mechanism.
10.2 Explain the construction and behavior of a half wave dipole by using its radiation pattern.
10.3 Sketch the current and voltage distribution pattern for a half wave dipole.
10.4 Draw the radiation pattern for resonant & non resonant antennas.
10.5 Write the formula to find length of an antenna for a given frequency.
10.6 Calculate the length for the resonant antenna for given frequency.
10.7 Define the terms
10.7 Describe briefly the isotropic radiator.
11. UNDERSTAND VARIOUS TERMS RELATED TO ANTENNAS
11.1 Define the following terms
i) Radiation Resistance
ii) Polarization
a) Linear polarization
b) Vertical Polarization
c) Horizontal Polarization
d) Elliptical polarization
e) Circular polarization
11.2 Define directivity, power-gain, beam width, front to back ratio, physical and electrical length, major & minor lobes.
12. LOOP AND FERRITE ROD ANTENNA.
12.1 Understand construction & behavior of receiving antennas.
12.1.1 Describe square loop antenna along with its radiation pattern
12.1.2 Describe ferrite rod antenna & give an expression for calculation of its effective length.
12.2 Understand various types of non-resonant antennas.
12.2.1 Describe the construction, radiation pattern and characteristics of long wire antenna.
12.1.2 List the uses of long wire antenna.
12.1.3 Explain construction, radiation pattern & characteristics of a R Rhombic antenna.
12.1.4 List the applications of Rhombic antenna.
12.3 Understand arrangement of antenna elements.
12.3.1 Define the term parasitic elements.
12.3.2 Describe the function of parasitic directors.
12.3.3 Identify the function of parasitic reflectors.
12.3.4 Describe the construction & characteristics of dipole and folded dipole.
12.3.5 Explain construction and characteristics of yagi antenna.
12.3.6 List the applications of Yagi antenna.
13. UNDERSTAND THE BEHAVIOR OF VARIOUS WIDE BAND ANTENNAS.
13.1 Describe the construction & characteristics of dipole omnidirectional antenna.
13.2 Describe the construction & characteristics of helical antenna.
14. UNDERSTAND THE FUNDAMENTAL FEATURES OF ANTENNAS USED AT MICROWAVE FREQUENCIES.
14.1 Describe the construction and characteristics of parabolic reflector antenna.
14.2 Write down formulae for calculation of its beam width between half power points, beam width between Nulls, gain, directivity, effective area, and Illumination Efficiency.
14.3 Solve problems on above (14.1.2).
14.4 Describe the construction & characteristics of a slot antenna.
El.T. 342: ANTENNA AND TRANSMISSION LINE
LIST OF PRACTICAL. 96 Hours
TRANSMISSION LINES.
1. To study the characteristics of E.M. wave. Measurements on transmission lines:
2. Measure VSWR.
3. measure frequency.
4. Measure characteristic impedance.
5. Measure reflection coefficient.
6. To study the characteristics of two-wire parallel and coaxial lines.
7. Determinate impedance mismatching.
8. Match impedance by single stub matching using Smith chart technique.
9. Match impedance by double stub matching using Smith chart technique.
10. Use of smith chart for the calculation of:
i) Zin,
ii) ZL,
iii) YL,
iv) Line Length,
v) Distance to the first voltage minima. vi) Maximum and minimum impedance on the line.
vii) Magnitude and Phase angle of reflection efficient viii) VSWR for different loads.
ix) Quarter wave transformer (Location + Zo)
11. Characteristics of isotropic antenna.
12. Plot the radiation pattern of a basic isotropic antenna.
13. Plot the directional pattern of half wave dipole.
14. Plot the polar directivity pattern for folded dipole antenna.
15. Plot the polar directivity pattern of Yagi antenna.
16. Measure gain efficiency , radiation resistance for the following antennas:
a) Dipole,
b) Folded dipole,
c) Rhombic
d) Fire end
e) Vertical
f) Yagi antenna
h) Adcock
I) Parabolic
16 Design the antennas given under experiment 15 above.
17. To study the characteristics of dish antenna.
18. Plot the polar directivity pattern of dish antenna.
19. Select an antenna for given conditions.
20. Install various type of antennas.
El.T-351 MICROWAVE AND RADAR
T P C
1 0 I
Total Contact Hours:
Theory: 32 Hours.
Pre-requisites: Communication I & II.
AIMS After studying this subject, the student will be able to:
1. System of microwave communication.
2. Principle of RADAR.
3. Principle of Navigational Aids.
1. RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION. (03 Hours)
1.1 Characteristics of E.M. Wave.
1.2 Propagation of E.M. Wave.
1.3 V.H.F. / U.H.F. Radio system.
1.4 Layers of ionosphere.
2. MASER AND LASER. (04 Hours)
2.1 Principle of working of LASER AND MASER.
2.2 Cavity MASER.
2.3 Traveling wave MASER.
2.4 Ruby LASER.
2.5 Gallium Arsenic LASER.
3. WAVE GUIDES. (04 Hours)
3.1 Rectangular Wave Guide
3.1.1 Construction and uses.
3.1.2 Modes in Wave Guide.
3.1.3 Velocity and wave length
3.1.4 Phase and group velocities.
3.1.5 Higher Modes.
3.2 Circular Wave Guide
3.2.1 Modes in circular wave Guide.
3.2.2 Use of circular guides.
4. MICROWAVE RESONATOR. (06 Hours)
4.1 Introduction to resonator.
4.2 Types of resonator
4.3 Q Factor.
4.4 Shunt Resistance.
4.5 Excitation of cavity resonator.
5. MICROWAVE DEVICES. (06 Hours)
5.1 Various Microwave devices.
5.2 Gunn Diode.
5.3 IMPATT Diode.
5.4 Multi-cavity klystron.
5.5 Multi-cavity magnetron.
5.6 Traveling wave tube.
5.7 Backward wave oscillator.
5.8 Directional Coupler and Circulators.
6. RADIO DIRECTION FINDER. (03 Hours)
6.1 Principle.
6.2 Types of RDF.
7. RADAR (03 Hours)
7.1 Introduction to RADAR.
7.2 Principle of RADAR.
7.3 Types of RADAR.
7.4 Block diagram of pulse RADAR.
7.5 RADAR frequencies.
7.6 RADAR equation.
7.7. Application of RADAR.
8. RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION. (03 Hours)
8.1 Introduction to LORAN.
8.2 Introduction to SHORAN.
8.3 Satellite Communication.
TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Electronics Engineering by Terman.
2. Manual on Microwave and Radar by Ministry of Education.
3. Principle of RADAR by M.I.T. Staff
El.T. 351 MICROWAVE & RADAR.
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES.
1. UNDERSTAND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EM WAVES AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT ON WAVE PROPAGATION.
1.1 Define E.M. Wave
1.2 Enlist characteristics of E.M. Wave.
1.3 Explain field pattern of E.M.Wave.
1.4 Explain microwave propagation and system utilized for this purpose.
1.5 Identify the polarization, attenuation and absorption of EM waves.
1.6 Describe the phenomena of ducting for space wave propagation.
1.7 Draw the block diagram of VHF / UHF radio communication.
1.8 Describe V.H.F/U.H.F propagation based the block diagram.
1.9 List the uses of VHF / UHF Communication.
1.10 Draw the ionospheric layer with their regular variations.
1.11 Define various propagation layers.
1.12 Describe the effect of ionization of radio wave transmission.
2. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING PRINCIPLE AND USES OF MASER AND LASER.
2.1 Define the term maser.
2.2 Explain the principle of maser.
2.3 Enlist the major applications of maser and Lasers.
2.4 Describe the concept of population inversion.
2.5 Explain cavity maser with the help of diagram.
2.6 Enlist its advantages & disadvantages.
2.7 Enlist different types of LASER
2.8 Explain the working of basic ruby pulsed Laser.
2.9 Sketch the construction of a gallium arsenide Laser.
2.10 Explain working of GaAs Laser.
3. UNDERSTAND THE PRINCIPLE, TYPES AND APPLICATIONS OF WAVEGUIDE.
3.1 Explain the basic principle of waveguide.
3.2 Compare waveguide and transmission line from the point of view of frequency limitations, attenuation, spurious radiation, and power handling capacity.
3.3 Describe construction of a circular and rectangular waveguide.
3.4 Describe the propagation of EM wave through a waveguide.
3.5 Explain TE & TM modes.
3.6 Sketch the three types of TE and two types of TM modes in a rectangular guide.
3.7 Explain the TE 10 mode in a rectangular waveguide.
3.8 Explain the terms: cutoff wavelength, guide wavelength, phase constant, group and phase velocity, characteristic wave impedance of a waveguide.
3.9 Solve problems based on 3.1.8.
3.9 Compare the circular waveguide with a rectangular waveguide.
3.10 Describe the ridged and flexible wave guides with their applications.
3.11 List the applications of wave guides.
4. UNDERSTAND THE FUNCTION OF RESONATOR, COUPLER AND CIRCULATOR
4.1 Describe the function of cavity resonator.
4.2 Enlist the names of commonly used resonators
4.3 Explain the operation of a regular cavity resonator.
4.4 Define Q factor of cavity resonator.
4.5 Compare the Q of a loaded and unloaded cavity resonator.
4.6 Describe the tuning methods of cavity resonators.
4.7 Derive the construction of reentrant cavity resonator.
4.8 List the four coupling methods of EM wave energy to a cavity.
4.9 Explain the electron beam coupling to cavity.
5. UNDERSTAND THE FUNCTION OF VARIOUS MICROWAVE DEVICES AND COMPONENTS.
5.1 Describe the basic stripling and microstrip circuits.
5.2 Compare the stripling and microstip with waveguide and coaxial transmission line.
5.3 List the application of stripling and microstrip circuits.
5.4 Describe the working of a SAW filter.
5.5 describe the working of ferrite isolator and circulator.
5.5 Describe the high frequency limitation of ordinary transistor.
5.6 Enlist various devices used for oscillation and amplification at microwave frequency.
5.7 Explain the working of a tunnel diode amplifier.
5.8 Explain the working of Gunn oscillator circuit.
5.9 Explain the working of IMPATT diode oscillator circuit.
5.10 Explain the working of step-recovery diode tripler.
5.11 Draw and label the diagram of two-cavity klystron tube.
5.12 Describe the working of two-cavity klystron amplifier.
5.13 Draw the schematic of reflex klystron tube.
5.14 Explain mechanism of operation of reflex klystron.
5.15 List the applications of multicavity klystron tube.
5.16 Explain the working
5.17 Explain construction of multicavity magnetron.
5.18 Explain working of magnetron oscillator.
5.19 List its applications .
5.20 Draw the schematic of reflex type T.W.T.
5.21 Explain working of the T.W.T.
5.22 List the applications of T.W.T.
5.23 Describe the construction of backward-wave oscillator.
5.24 Explain its mechanism of operation.
5.25 Describe power and efficiency of (B.W.O).
6. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF RADIO DIRECTION FINDER.
6.1 Describe the function of a R.D.F.
6.2 Draw the block diagram of a R.D.F.
6.3 Identify the function of each block of R.D.F.
6.4 List the types of R.D.F.
7. UNDERSTAND THE PRINCIPLE, TYPES AND WORKING OF RADAR.
7.1 Defines a radar.
7.2 Writ down the general equation of a radar.
7.2.1 Draw the block diagram of a pulsed radar.
7.2.2 Identify the function of each block of pulsed radar.
7.2.3 Draw the block diagram of generator using crystal oscillator and a counter.
7.2.4 Explain the working of sync generator using waveforms.
7.2.5 Draw the block diagram of blocking oscillator PRF generator.
7.2.6 Describe the working of blocking oscillator PRF generator.
7.2.7 Draw the circuit diagram of a radar modulator using an SCR, a charging inductor and a pulse forming network (PFN).
7.2.8 Explain the operation of the radar modulator.
7.2.9 Explain the operation of two-cavity klystron modulator to produce bunching of electron beam.
7.2.10 Draw the schematic diagram of the radar transmitter using magnetron by showing its input and output circuits.
7.2.11 Explain the operation of the radar transmitter.
7.2.12 Describe the purpose of duplexes mixer.
7.2.13 Draw and label the block diagram of duplexes mixer.
7.2.14 Identify the function of its each block.
7.2.15 Describe the construction of search radar antenna.
7.2.16 Explain the beam width of a search radar antenna in horizontal and vertical plane.
7.2.17 Compare the beam width of a tracking radar with search radar.
7.2.18 Draw and label the block diagram of a radar receiver.
7.2.19 Explain the function of each block of radar receiver.
7.2.20 Describe the moving target (MTI) technique.
7.2.21 Name the types of radar indicator.
7.2.22 Explain the construction and operation of plane position indicator (PPI).
7.3 Describe the essential requirement of a radar system.
7.4 List the types of radar.
7.2 Understand the operation of pulsed primary radar.
8. UNDERSTAND RADIO AND RADAR NAVIGATIONAL AIDS.
8.1 Draw the diagram of loop antenna and explain its reception pattern.
8.2 Draw the block diagram of balanced loop R.D.F. system.
8.3 Identify the function of each block of the RDF system.
8.4 Draw the block diagram of adcock (fixed loop) R.D.F. system.
8.5 Explain the operation of the adcock RDF system.
8.6 Explain the instrument landing system (ILS ) and show the location of runway localizer, three marker beacon and glide path equipment along the runway.
8.7 Explain the operation of ground control approach (GCA) radar.
8.8 List the other radar systems with the applications of each.
El.T. 363 MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCOMPUTER
T P C
2 3 3
Total contact hours:
Theory: 64 Hours
Practical: 96 Hours
Pre-requisite: El.T. 114 (Electrical essentials & network)
El.T. 214 (Electronic devices & circuits)
El.T. 243 (Pulse & digital circuits)
AIMS This subject has been designed so as to enable the student:
1. Understand analog computation.
2. Understand microprocessor architecture, programming and interfacing.
3. Understand the microcomputer hardware.
SPECIFIC
1. Solve the 2nd order differential equation by using analog computer.
2. Identify the function of 8-bit microprocessor.
3. Program a Intel 8085 microprocessor using assembly and Machine language.
4. Debug and program.
5. Differentiate a 16 bit and 32 microprocessor.
6. Identify the function of standard interfaces.
7. Explain the memory organization.
8. Describe the stored program concept .
9. Identify the units of digital computer.
1. ANALOG COMPUTATION. (06 Hours)
1.1 Introduction to analog computer.
1.2 Review of OPAMP, Non inverting and inverting operation.
1.3 Integrator and Differentiator.
1.4 Analog Summer using OF AMP.
1.5 Analog Multiplier.
1.6 Solution of simple equations
1.7 Amplitude and time scaling.
1.8 Solution of linear differential equations.
1.9 Analog sample and Hold system.
1.10 Analog Multiplexed.
2. MICROPROCESSOR. (04 Hours)
2.1 Introduction to microprocessor
2.2 Microprocessor power and speed.
2.3 Block diagram of microprocessor.
3. PROCESSOR ARITHMETIC. (02 Hours)
3.1 Decimal and Hexadecimal conversion.
3.2 Multiple precision arithmetic (Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division)
3.3 Floating point Arithmetic.
4. MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE. (06 Hours)
4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Word lengths.
4.3 Addressable memory RAM & ROM.
4.4 Speed of microprocessor.
4.5 Semiconductor manufacturing processes to build microprocessor LSI, NMOS, CMOS, VLSI, VVLSI
4.6 Other microprocessor architectural characteristics.
4.6.1 Parallel processing.
4.6.2 Coprocessing.
4.6.3 Cache memory techniques.
4.6.4 Pipelining techniques.
4.6.5 Wider buses.
4.6.6 Microprocessor support circuit, serial I/O, UART
4.7 Block diagram of a 8-Bit 8085 microprocessor.
4.7.1 Purpose of address, data and bus.
4.7.2 List of registers with their function.
4.7.3 Purpose of ALU and Accumulator, I/O Parts
4.7.4 Purpose of program counter and stack pointer.
4.7.5 Purpose of controlled logic.
4.7.6 Pin diagram of 8085 microprocessor with purpose of each pin.
4.8 Logic Schematic to generate control signals for processor: IOM, (04 Hours)
RD, VR, MEMR, MEMW, IOR, IOW.
4.9 Instruction set of 8085 microprocessor. (02 Hours)
4.10 Microprocessor Terminology. (02 Hours)
4.10.1 Machine Language.
4.10.2 Assembly Language.
4.11 Microprocessor Programming. (06 Hours)
4.11.1 Machine Language and Assembly Language Programming.
4.11.2 Need of instruction set.
4.11.3 Five major groups of instruction set.
4.11.4 Operation code and Operand of instruction set.
4.11.5 Basic Instruction types & subroutine.
4.11.6 Four data manipulation functions-data transfer, arithmetic, logic & branching
4.11.7 Microprocessor addressing modes.
4.12 Apply instruction set of 8085 to write assembly language (04 Hours)
programs.
4.12.1 Programming in memories and translation into hexa codes.
4.12.2 Programming in the proper format showing memory addresses, hex machine codes, memories and comments/explanation.
4.12.3 Arithmetic instructions and condition of Flag register for given data.
4.12.4 Program instructions for addition and subtraction of various bytes.
4.12.5 Logic operations and condition of flag register for each operation
4.12.6 Unconditional and conditional jump and corresponding change in Flag register condition.
4.12.7 Application of jump instruction.
4.12.8 Flow chart symbols.
4.12.9 Flow chart for simple programs.
4.12.10 Flow chart for conditional loop-indexing & counting.
4.12.11 Programming using unconditional and conditional jump instruction.
4.12.12 Programming using counter techniques.
4.12.13 Stack, stack pointer, program counter and subroutine.
4.12.14 Sequence of program during subroutine execution.
4.12.15 Action of program counter and stack pointer during a subroutine execution.
4.12.16 Unconditional and conditional call and return instruction.
4.12.17 PUSH, POP instructions.
4.12.18 I/O statements in Assembly language.
4.12.19 Debugging a program.
4.12.20 Trouble shooting a simple program.
4.12.21 Debugging Techniques.
4.12.22 Fetch cycle, execute cycle and instruction cycle
4.12.23 Memory read & write timing diagram.
4.12.24 Polling and Interrupts-necessity.
4.12.25 Types of interrupts.
4.12.26 Interfacing.
4.12.27 Interface circuits, devices and peripheral chips 8155, 8255 and 8279.
4.12.28 D/A and A/D Interface.
4.12.29 I/O port addressing.
4.12.30 Direct memory addressing (DMA) merits.
4.12.31 Programmable DMA controller 7257
4.12.32 Programmable Interface controller 8259
4.12.33 Introduction to Data communication.
4.12.34 Asynchronous and synchronous data communication
4.12.35 Parallel I/O GPIB and SCSI
4.12.36 Serial Data Transmission UART
4.12.37 Serial communication lines RS 232 and RS 422
4.12.38 MODEMS
5. APPLICATION OF MICROPROCESSOR. (02 Hours)
5.1 Merits of microprocessor control over discrete logic control.
5.2 Typical microprocessor application.
5.3 Traffic control.
5.4 Lift Control.
5.5 Temperature monitoring.
5.6 Stepper motor control.
6. MEMORY ORGANIZATION. (04 Hours)
6.1 Introduction to segmentation, parallel processing, queering and co-processing.
6.2 ROM and RAM
6.3 Paged memory.
6.4 Characteristics of memory Access mode, Access Time, Access rate alterability performance and cycle time.
6.5 Mass Storage.
6.5.1 Floppy disks and floppy disc drives.
6.5.2 Winchester disk drive hard disk.
6.5.3 Magnetic tape storage.
6.5.4 Optical storage devices.
7. 16-BIT MICROPROCESSOR INTEL 8088. (02 Hours)
7.1 The 8088 architectural model (Block diagram.)
7.2 The function of each unit
7.3 The 8088 instruction set.
7.4 Basic control instruction READ, WRITE, ADD, COMPLETE, JUMP, LOAD, STORE AND SHIFT.
7.5 Flow chart showing sequential micro operation for a control instruction.
7.6. The 8088 Hardware chip - Pin configuration.
7.7 Co-processor Intel 8088.
7.8 Interface Devices.
8. 32-Bit Microprocessors. (02 Hours)
8.1 The Intel 80486 Architectural model.
8.2 The function of each unit.
8.3 the 80486 instruction set.
8.4 Basic control instruction for 80486.
8.5 Flow chart showing sequential micro operation for a control instruction.
8.6 The Intel 80486 hardware Pin diagram.
8.7 The interface devices for Intel 80486.
9. STORED PROGRAM CONCEPT. (02 Hours)
9.1 Introduction to stored program.
9.2 Execution of stored program in memory.
9.3 Floating point and fixed point representation of numbers.
9.4 Address instructions
9.5 Flow chart for the process of an arithmetic operation.
9.6 Flow chart for the process of logical operation.
10. DIGITAL COMPUTER. (02 Hours)
10.1 Classification of Digital computer w.r.t word length, speed, types of applications.
10.2 Block diagram showing computer organization.
10.3 Function of each block.
10.4 Instruction and sequence of operation.
10.5 Micro computer PC, PC-XT/AT
10.6 Specification of PC-XT/AT
10.7 DOS and Booting procedure.
10.8 Need of high speed computation.
10.9 Parallel processing.
10.10 Pipeline process.
11. COMPUTER PERIPHERALS. (06 Hours)
11.1 Introduction to computer peripherals.
11.2 key Board, VDU
11.3 Floppy drive.
11.4 Hard disk.
11.5 Magnetic tape.
11.6 Pointer.
11.7 Mouse.
11.8 Plotter.
11.9 Digitizer and Scanner.
12. PRINTER. (8 Hours)
12.1 Dot Matrix.
12.2 Inkjet
12.3 Laser.
12.4 Thermal
12.5 Colour inkjet
TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Goanker Microprocessor Architecture and Application”.
2. Gilmare CM “Microprocessor Principle and application”.
3 Matter Introduction to Microprocessor”.
4. Douglas V. Hall Microprocessor”.
5. Barrette “Fundamentals of Digital Computer”.
6. Tamenbar “Computer Organization”.
7. Micro Mano
8. Atkinson “Analog Computer Technologies”.
9. Brey 8086/8088 Microprocessor: Architecture, Programming and Interfacing”.
10. Barry B. Brey “The Intel Microprocessors (8086/8088, 80186, 80286, 80386, 80486)”.
El. T. 363 MICROPROCESSOR & MICROCOMPUTER
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1. UNDERSTAND THE APPLICATIONS OF AMPLIFIER IN ANALOG COMPUTATION
1.1 Differentiate an analog signal from a digital signal.
1.2 State the working of of-amp as differential amplifier.
1.3 Draw the block diagram of an analog computer set up..
1.4 Review the inverting & non-inverting of-amp circuits.
1.5 Explain voltage feed back in operational amplifier.
1.6 Identify the virtual ground in of-amp.
1.7 Draw the circuit of an of-amp integrator.
1.8 Derive an expression Vo(t) =1/RC (Vi.dt) for integrator.
1.9 Evaluate the integral of common wave forms.
1.10 Draw the circuit of an of-amp differentiator.
1.11 Derive an expression, Vo(t)=RC.(dvo/dt) for a differentiator.
1.12 Evaluate the differential of common wave forms.
1.13 Draw an analog summer circuit.
1.14 Determine the value of input & feed back resistor for a summer.
1.15 Derive an expression for the sum of input wave form.
1.16 Draw an analog multiplier circuit.
1.17 Derive the value of input & feed back resistor for the given multiplier consta
1.18 Draw an of-amp circuit to solve equation of distance covered by a particle with a uniform velocity in a given time.
1.19 Draw an of-amp circuit to solve simple equation of motion :
i) v = u+at
ii) s = u t + 1/2. a.t.t
1.20 Explain amplitude scale factor.
1.21 Determine scale factor to match the parameters of of-amp.
1.22 Discuss the method of amplitude scale in practical circuit.
1.23 Explain time scaling.
1.24 Determine a time scale factor in a practical circuit.
1.25 Draw an of-amp circuit to solve a first order differential equation.
1.26 Draw an of-amp circuit to solve a second order differential equation such as the charging of a capacitor in an direct-current RC circuit.
1.27 Describe the working of a 2nd order low pass and high pass filters.
1.28 Explain the phenomena of multiplexing and demultiplexing.
1.29 Explain the need of interfacing the analog and digital systems
1.30 List the basic process required in interfacing analog & digital system
1.31 Draw basic block diagram of a digital audio tape (DAT) player / recorder using A/D & D/A converters.
1.32 Explain of D/A conversion methods:
a) Binary-weighted resistors circuit.
b) Ladder network.
1.33 Explain the following A/D converters:
a) Simultaneous sampling of analog signal .
b) Ramp-Generator ADC.
c) Counter type ADC.
d) Dual-stop ADC.
e) Successive approximation ADC.
1.34 Draw the logic diagram of ADC 0801 (A/D converter).
1.35 Name three types of errors in A/D converter.
1.36 Define the following ADC errors:
a) Missing code
b) Incorrect code
c) Offset
2. UNDERSTAND MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE, PROGRAMMING, INTERFACING AND APPLICATIONS
2.1 Define the term microprocessor.
2.2 Differentiate between micro controller/dedicated microprocessor and general purpose microprocessor.
2.3 Define word length/size and data path size
2.4 Differentiate between a 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit microprocessors.
2.5 Identify the effect of word size on processor speed.
2.6 List the four basic steps of a microprocessor cycles repeated to execute a program (list of micro instructions).
2.7 Show the two functional internal units of 8086/8088 device.
2.8 Explain how the memory and internal array are structured.
2.9 Explain the purpose of:
a) The bus interface unit (BIU)
b The execution unit (EU)
2.10 Define the terms:
a) Memory segment.
b) Offset address
c) Serial fetch / execute cycle
d) Overlapped fetch / execute cycle
2.11 Compare the serial-and overlapped fetch/execute cycle
2.12 Sketch the internal organization of the 8088 microprocessor.
2.13 List the functional parts of BIU.
2.14 Explain the function of
a) Instruction queue
b) Segment Register (CS) and
c) Instruction pointer (IP) and address summing block
2.15 Explain the segmented addressing method.
2.16 Compute the effective address of next instruction in the memory using the contents of IP and CS.
2.17 Compare the 8086 with the 8088 processor.
2.18 Describe the function of prefetch queue.
2.19 List the functional parts of execution unit (EU) of 8088.
2.20 Explain the operation of :
a) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU).
b) General Registers
c) Flag Registers
d) Stack pointer register
2.21 List the pointers and index registers of 8088.
2.22 Explain the purpose of control unit (CU).
2.23 Describe the purpose of:
a) Address bus
b) Data bus
c) Control bus
2.24 Describe the function of each pin of 8088 using the data sheet.
3. UNDERSTAND THE PURPOSE AND METHOD OF PROGRAMMING MICROPROCESSORS.
3.1 Define a program.
3.2 Identify the instruction sets.
3.3 Define a programming language.
3.4 List the three programming languages for a microcomputer.
3.5 Define a program statement.
3.6 Explain the operation of data addressing mode.
3.7 Sketch the format of assembly language program using data address modes.
3.8 Define the following fields:
i) Label
ii) Of code
iii) Operand and
iv) Comment
3.9 Compare assembly language with machine language.
3.10 Describe the operation of 8086 when it executes, ADD AX, BX
3.11 Describe the operation and results for the following instruction of 8086:
a) MOV BX, 03FFH
b) MOV AL, ODBH
c) MOV DH, CL
d) MOV BX, AX
3.12 Write the 8088 assembly language statements which will perform the task: ADD 5 to 2.
3.13 Translate the program written in assembly language under 3.1.1 into machine language program.
3.14 List the five major groups categories of 8086/8088 instructions set.
3.15 Relate the following instructions to the corresponding instruction category
MOV, ADD, ROL, PUSH, POP, NOT, AND, OR, XOP,
INC, DEC, CMP, SUB, TEST, REP, JNC, LLC, HLT, ESC,
JMP, STO, XCHG, SAL.
3.16 Write a task list for a simple programming problem Take a sample temperature data every hour for 24 hours and add 10 to each sample and put the each value in memory locations].
3.17 Define a flow-chart.
3.18 Sketch a flow chart for the problem under 3.2.6.
3.19 List the major steps in developing an assembly language program.
3.20 Explain the necessity of high level languages.
3.21 Define the terms:
a) Assembler
b) Interpreter
c) Compiler
3.22 List the area of application for the following programming language:
a) Assembly language,
b) High level languages.
3.23 Identify the need to develop a detonated algorithm for a program before writing down assembly level instructions.
3.24 List three basic structure type used when writing programs.
3.25 Write the 8088 instructions to perform the given operations.
3.26 Implement WHILE-DO and REPEAT-UNTIL program structure in 8088 assembly language (conditional/unconditional jump, loop and string instructions).
3.27 Describe the operation for five major group of instruction for 8088
3.28 Define debugging program.
3.29 List program debugging techniques.
3.30 Debug an assembly language program using:
a) Debugged
b) Monitor
c) Emulator
3.31 Define the term interfacing.
3.32 Illustrate the memory address allocation in a microcomputer.
3.33 Sketch the CPU-Memory organization.
3.34 Name the two cycles used by the CPU to transfer data to and from the memory.
3.35 Sketch the basic timing diagram for a 8088 base CPU memory.
a) Read cycle
b) Write cycle
3.36 What is an I/O port.
3.37 List types of I / O port
3.38 Identify the purpose of programmable peripheral interface (PPI).
3.39 Name the main advantage of an interrupt-driven I/O.
3.40 Define DMA.
3.41 Discuss the advantages of DMA.
3.42 Illustrate a DMA data transfer.
3.43 Calculate the access time in an 8088 microcomputer system.
3.44 Define interrupt.
3.45 State the major type of interrupts.
3.46 Define BIOS.
4. UNDERSTAND THE CIRCUITRY AND SOFTWARE TO CONTROL
COMPLEX MACHINES WITH A MICROPROCESSOR.
4.1 Define the terms:
a) Serial port
b) Parallel port
4.2 Explain the term handshake.
4.3 Describe how phonemes are sent to a speech synthesizer on a handshake basis.
4.4 Describe how parallel data is sent to a printer on a handshake basis.
4.5 Show the hardware connections that can be used to interface keyboard to a microcomputer.
4.6 List the software that can be used to interface keyboard to a microcomputer.
4.7 Describe how an 8279 can be used to refresh a multiplexed LED display and scan a matrix keyboard.
4.8 Show the circuitry used to interface high power devices to microcomputer port.
4.9 Describe the hardware and software needed to control a stepper motor.
4.10 Describe the interfacing of several common sensors used to measure temperature, pressure, flow, etc.
4.11 Define D/A data sheet parameters
4.12 Describe how feedback is used to control variables such as pressure, temperature, flow, speed, voltage, and current.
4.13 Multiple microprocessor system.
4.14 List the actions of DMA controller on receiving data transfer request from a peripheral device to memory.
4.15 Describe the function of expansion slots into the motherboard.
4.16 Show a component layout for a IBM PC motherboard.
4.17 Explain the operation of dynamic RAM controller.
4.18 Describe hamming code for data error detection/correction.
4.19 Differentiate a standard microprocessor from a coprocessor.
4.20 Identify the working of 8087 with 8088.
4.21 List the advantages of multiple microprocessor commented to a common system bus
4.22 Name the two schemes to determine control of a microprocessor in multibus system.
4.23 Microcomputer system peripherals
4.24 Draw the block diagram of circuitry to produce dot-matrix character display on the monitor CRT with non-interlaced scanning.
4.25 Explain the operation of colour adapter board.
4.26 Describe how visual images are stored in computer memory from a CCD camera.
4.27 Explain the movement of read / write head of a disk drive into the desired position over a specified track.
4.28 Describe the purpose of CRC bytes record with each block of data recorded on floppy disk.
4.29 Identify the need of colour bits recorded along with data bits on floppy disks.
4.30 List the major types of information contained in the directory of disk formatted by DOS.
4.31 Define the term hierarchical file structure.
4.32 Explain the reason of mass data storage on hard disks (HD).
4.33 Identify the need of free working environment for hard disks.
4.34 Define the terms: cylinders and partition on a HD.
4.35 Describe how data is read from optical disk
4.36 Describe the operation of print mechanism for each of the following type of printer:
a) Dot matrix
b) Thermal
c) Laser
d) Inkjet
4.37 Describe the working of LPC and format speech synthesizer.
4.38 Describe the operation of direct digitization speech synthesizer.
5. UNDERSTAND THE COMMUNICATION DEVICES AND SOFTWARE NEEDED TO LINK UP COMPUTERS.
5.1 Show the bit format used for sending asynchronous serial data.
5.2 Define the terms: baud, UART & USART and MODEM.
5.3 Identify the need of MODEM to send digital data over standard phone lines.
5.4 List logic high and logic low signal voltage ranges in the RS-232C standard.
5.5 Identify the function of RS-422 A for high speed data transmission over long distances.
5.6 Define synchronous serial data.
5.7 Differentiate between synchronous and asynchronous serial data communication
5.8 Describe the terms LAN, Electronic mail (E-mail) & Internet.
5.9 Define the terms GPIB & SCSI, at Microprocessor & Operating Systems
5.10 Explain the multi -user / multi -tasking system.
5.11 List two types of scheduling used in multi-user operating system.
5.12 Explain elimination of interference in time-share computer controlled printing .
5.13 Describe the UNIX operating system.
5.14 define the term "virtual memory".
5.15 Show the operation of memory management unit (MMU).
6. 32-BIT MICROPROCESSORS.
6.1 Define the terms: cache memory, complete processor, floating point processor, overdrive chip.
6.2 Sketch the internal block diagram of Intel 80486.
6.3 Explain briefly the function of each unit in the internal block of 80486.
6.4 Describe the instruction set for 80486.
6.5 List the CPU specification for 80286 through 80486.
6.6 Interpret the function of each pin of 80486 chip.
7. UNDERSTAND THE PURPOSE OF STORED PROGRAM IN A MICROPROCESSOR BASED SYSTEMS.
7.1 Define hard wire logic.
7.2 Define a stored program.
7.3 List the advantages of stored program over hard wired logic.
7.4 Define the terms: memory size, access time and wait state, SIMM.
7.5 Describe the memory organization for X T processor.
7.6 Explain the memory organization for AT processor.
7.7 Name the two cycles used by CPU to transfer data to and from the memory.
8. UNDERSTAND THE HARDWARE, WORKING AND APPLICATIONS OF MICROCOMPUTER .
8.1 Define the term digital computer.
8.2 Compare the function and characteristics of a digital computer with those of analog computer.
8.3 Define the terms microcomputer, hardware, software firm ware, time share, multi tasking, distribution processing and multiprocessing.
8.4 List the types of digital computer.
8.5 Sketch the block diagram of internal organization of microcomputer.
8.6 Define memory.
8.7 Describe the purpose of memory in a microprocessor based system.
8.8 Illustrate the memory address allocation in microcomputer with a 20-bit address bus.
8.9 Sketch the basic CPU-memory organization.
8.10 Show the timing diagrams for read/write cycles.
8.11 Describe the memory-mapped I/O port.
8.12 Discuss the purpose of PPI.
8.13 Draw the basic PPI configuration.
8.14 Differentiate an interrupted driven I / O from a polled I / O.
8.15 Describe the function of UART.
8.16 Illustrate the data transfer between UART and microprocessor.
8.17 Explain the function of program counter and stack register in a microcomputer.
8.18 Identify the function of tristate devices required to interface digital devices to a bus.
8.19 Explain the purpose of a bus system.
8.20 List the basic steps through which a microprocessor repeatedly cycles to execute a program.
8.21 Explain the working of a four bit magnitude comparator in an ALU.
8.22 Define the term decoder.
8.23 Show decoding logic for segment of a common anode type LED display.
8.24 Explain the basic operation of an LCD
8.25 Define the term encoding.
8.26 Explain the operation of a simplified keyboard encoder.
8.27 Review the purpose of following:
a) Multiplexed
b) Demultiplexes
8.28 Explain the function of parity checker.
8.29 List four steps occurring in error detection and correction using hamming code.
8.30 Identify the importance of DOS.
8.31 Define the following terms in high speed computation or processing .
a) Parallel processing,
b) Pipelining
9. UNDERSTAND THE TYPE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROCOMPUTER PERIPHERALS.
9.1 Hard Drive.
9.1.1 Define cylinders, heads, platters, track & sections.
9.1.2 Differentiate between RLL, MFM and ARLL.
9.1.3 Interpret the geography of hard disk .
9.1.4 Show DOS data area on the disk .
9.1.5 List the factors for evaluation of performance of hard disk-access time, seek time, latency period, data transfer rate and interleave factor.
9.1.6 Define each of the term given under 9.1.5.
9.1.7 Explain the function of a hard disk controller.
9.1.8 Enlist the types of hard drive interfaces-ST 506, ESDI, SCSI, IDE.
9.1.9 Enlist the key features of each drive interface.
9.1.10 Compare the SCSI with ESDI
9.1.11 Enlist the key features of Winchester sealed drive.
9.1.12 Enlist the key features of a hard card.
9.1.13 How a hard disk is formatted and partitioned.
9.1.14 Enlist the care and protection of a hard disk against smoke, vibrations and head parking.
9.2 Floppy Disk Drives.
9.2.1 Enlist the types and floppy disk formats 8-, 5¼, 3½- inches, DSDD, HD and super HD.
9.2.2 Describe the function of floppy disk controller card .
9.2.3 List cares for handling and storage of floppy diskettes.
9.2.4 Explain the data bit storage process on a magnetic surface.
9.2.5 Define CRC.
9.2.6 Show the two types of loops in a MBM.
9.3 Printers.
9.3.1 Enlist the types of printers.
9.3.2 Enlist the key features of Dot Matrix printer.
9.3.3 Enlist the key features of Laser printer.
9.3.4 Enlist the features of Inkjet printer.
9.3.5 How a printer is interfaced with a CPU.
9.4 Modem.
9.4.1 List the types of MODEM.
9.4.2 Describe the operation of RS-232.
9.4.3 Describe the working of FAX modem.
9.5 Displays & Display adapters.
9.5.1 Describe the function of a display.
9.5.2 Enlist the types of PC monitor.
9.5.3 Explain the function of display adapter.
9.5.4 Enlist the common types of PC display adapter.
9.5.5 Identify the need of memory on a video board.
9.5.6 Describe the multi- sync monitor.
9.5.7 List the merits of muti- sync monitor.
9.5.8 How monitors are interfaced with CPU.
9.6 Key Board.
9.6.1 Explain the function of the keyboard.
9.6.2 Enlist the general characteristics of keyboard.
9.6.3 Enlist the types of keyboard.
9.6.4 How keyboards are connected to CPU.
9.7 Multimedia.
9.7.1 Enlist the function of multimedia.
9.7.2 Enlist the MPC standard.
9.7.3 Enlist the characteristics of CD-ROM.
9.7.4 Explain the working of CD-ROM.
9.7.5 Define MIDI port.
9.7.6 Describe the function of sound card.
9.7.7 Identify the function of sound blister.
9.8 Mouse & Pad.
9.8.1 Explain the function of mouse.
9.8.2 Enlist the key features of mouse..
9.8.3 What is the function of mouse pad.
9.9 Miscellaneous Computer Peripherals.
9.9.1 Describe the function of:
Scanner
Digitizer
Plotter
Tape Back up
LCD projection panel
El.T. 363: MICROPROCESSOR AND COMPUTER CIRCUITS
LIST OF PRACTICAL: 96 Hours
1. Demonstrate the working of cascade counter and isolate the fault.
2. Enlist the ANSI / IEEE standard 91-1984 symbols.
3. Use 74 195, .4- bit registers to implement a sixteen bit ring counter.
4. Set up a serial to parallel data converter and observe its output for a known input wave form.
5. Cascade two 74151 multiplexed and draw their truth tables.
6. Cascade two 74138 de-multiplexes
7. Test ROM by using checksum method
8. Draw and apply a chalkboard flow-chart for RAM testing.
9. Demonstrate the performance test of D/A converter such as monotonicity, offset, linearity and gain
10. Demonstrate the performance test for A/D converter.
11. Troubleshoot bus system using RS-232.
12-14 Programming microprocessor
i) Enlist data Transfer instructions, arithmetic instructions and bit manipulation instruction.
ii) Write simple programs in assembly language
iii) Translate the assembly language program into the machine language program
15. Write down simple diagnostic program for microprocessor.
16-17 Maintain and troubleshoot logic circuits using logic analyzer and signature analyzer up to component level.
18-23 Maintain & troubleshoot keyboards, printers, plotters, disk drives, hard disk, mouse, and digitizer.
25. Use of diagnostic software for checking and troubleshooting system hardware and software
El.T. 371 EQUIPMENT SERVICING & PROJECT (LAB.)
T P C
0 3 1
Total contact hours:
Practical: 96 Hours.
LIST OF PRACTICAL
1. Introduction to servicing, Methods of servicing, demonstration on a radio mains checking, manipulation of controls, external adjustment and connections
2. Review of various tests (general tests) and their application to test electronic equipment available in the laboratory.
3. General test, checking, adjustment of a multimeter
4. Service voltage stabilizers and write a report.
5-6 Service & repair a stabilized power supply, and writing a report.
7-9 Service an oscilloscope and write a report.
10-12 Service a tape recorder and write a report.
13. Service a signal tracer and write a report.
14. To study vacuum tube voltmeter.
15. Service a T.V.M.
16-17 Service an A.F. signal generator and write a report.
18-19 Service a R.F. signal generator and write a report.
20-21 Service a function signal generator and write a report.
22. Service a SWMAR generator and write a report.
23. Service a wave meter and write a report.
24. Service a tube tester and transistor and write a report.
25. Service a CRT tester/rejuvenator and write a report.
26-27 Service a V.C.R.
28. Servicing of a grid dip-meter
29-30 Servicing of a over-head projector & write reports.
31. Study of a pattern generator
32-33 Servicing of a pattern generator
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