Heart Anatomy



Heart Anatomy 25 pts. NAME_______________________

PERIOD ______________

The heart is the muscular pump of the blood vascular system. It contains four cavities: two on the __________________ side (a.k.a. the “pulmonary heart”) and two on the __________________ side (a.k.a. the “systemic heart”). The pulmonary heart includes the __________________ and the __________________. The thin-walled __________________ receives deoxygenated blood directly from the superior __________________, and the inferior __________________. In addition, the __________________ also drains deoxygenated blood from the myocardium into this chamber. The thin-walled __________________ receives __________________ blood from the pulmonary veins. Atrial blood is pumped at a pressure of about ____ mm Hg into the right and left __________________.

The ventricles, significantly (more / less) muscular than the atria, pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the __________________ at a pressure of about ____________ mm Hg, and into the ascending aorta at a pressure of about _____________ mm Hg. This pressure difference is reflected in the thicker walls of the (left / right) ventricle compared to the thinner walls of the (left / right) ventricle.

The heart is a muscle itself and needs __________________ to survive. Oxygenated blood is supplied to the myocardium by way of the __________________ arteries. Both the left and right versions of these arteries arise from small openings (called __________________ sinuses) just above the __________________ valve of the aorta. Deoxygenated blood leaves the myocardium via the __________________ veins, which empty into the _______________ sinus before draining into the right atrium. Deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body returns to the right atrium by way of the inferior and superior __________________.

The Cardiac Cycle 10 pts.

1. About _______% of the blood from the atria passes into the ventricles before the atria contract.

2. The period during which a heart chamber is contracting is called __________________.

3. The period during which a heart chamber is relaxing is called __________________

4. During ventricular contraction, the tricuspid and bicuspid valves remain __________________.

5. During ventricular relaxation, the tricuspid and bicuspid valves remain __________________.

6. The semi-lunar valves open when the pressure in the __________________ exceeds the pressure in the pulmonary trunk and the aorta.

7. The first heart sound of a cardiac cycle occurs when the __________________ are closing.

8. The second sound of a cardiac cycle occurs when the __________________ are closing.

9. The sound created when blood leaks backward through an incompletely closed valve is called a __________________ or a prolapse.

10. The papillary muscles and __________________________________ help to prevent A/V valve prolapse by pulling on the valves.

Name ______________________________

Period _______________

[pic]

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The chamber

The chamber

The chamber

The chamber

the muscle

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