ESPU History Session 2005 - The adventure of “oriental ...
Abstract-6
The adventure of “oriental testis” and history of testis in Ottoman
Period
S.N. Cenk Buyukunal,Ayten Altintas
Departments of Paediatric Surgery Section of Paediatric Urology, Medical History and Ethics
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty,University of Istanbul,Turkey
According to the old medical records “castration” seems to be the first
testicular surgical procedure which was mentioned in historical
documents.One of the oldest tribes of Turks called “Hien-Hun” (2400 B.C)
castrated the horses in order to get faster and more powerful horses.These
horses were known as “equus hunnicus”. In ancient Egypt, Pharoahs ordered the
castration of defeated enemies and soldiers. According to Islamic religion, castration was completely forbidden , however various surgical techniques
related with castration have been mentioned in various documents such as:
Divan-i Lugat-it Turk, Kitab-al Falaha.
First castration techniques for those males ill and weak was performed in
Babylon (2000 B.C). Castration for the male workers of Harem was a common
practice in Asurian period and in ancient China. Besides castration was a
well-known procedure during Roman period, Byzantine period and in Iranian
palace.
In medievel period, children from North Africa (35.000 children per year!)
were collected and castrated in a region in France and sold in slave
bazaars. Muaviye (Arab Emperor) was the first Islamic King who collected
eunuchs in the palace. During Ottoman Empire, Murat the Second (XVth
Century) was the first emperor who brought eunuchs from Egypt to use in
Ottoman harem. In Ottoman history , Ali Pasha (Prime minister in 18th
century) was the first high ranked official person who tried to prevent
castration legally.
The details of castration techniques have been given in surgical textbooks
such as Kitab al Tasrif (Xth century), Cerrahiye-i Ilhaniye (XVth century).
In oriental part of the world, organotherapy (eating testicular tissue or
drinking testicular suspensions) in order to treat impotence problem or
to increase sexual feelings was a common procedure.
In this paper the details of above mentioned procedures will be given in
detail and practice in oriental countries (especially in Islamic religion)
will be discussed .
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