Licking Heights Local School District
Geography and the Early Greeks: Section 1
How does geography shape the Greek civilization and lifestyle?
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Geography Shapes Greek Civilization
Describe the land of Greece: Peninsula, surrounded by water on 3 sides with many islands. Mountainous land, few areas of flat land.
Mountain Influence: Few areas to farm. Settled on coasts. Travel was difficult, so villages were isolated and thought of as separate countries.
Sea Influence: Water was the easier way to travel and a food source (Fish) and trade. Great shipbuilders, and were able to trade with others (Asia/Egypt)
Trading Cultures Develop
Minoans: People on Island of Crete. Known for sea travel. Traders, traded wood/pottery for cooper/gold.
Fall of Minoans: Volcanic eruption caused flooding in sea, then wiping out the Minoans.
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Mycenaeans: 1st Greeks, lived on mainland and built many fortresses.
Traders? Mycenaeans took over Crete, built colonies in Italy, and conducted trade. Most of their trade was violent with battles and war.
Fall of Mycenaeans: Invaders from north, and earthquakes weakened them. Began a dark age in Greece
Greece Creates City-States
What is polis and its advantage? City-State, people are well-protected together
Acropolis: high hill with a fortress, (Center of City)
Layout of City-State: Had city-walls and farmland outside, market homes inside
How is Greece Defended? Men go outside and fight, women/children hide
Agora: Marketplace/Center of Life. Farmers sold crops. Became a meeting place.
City States and Colonization
Colonization: As Population grew and safety increased, they found new land and settled there to become rich. (Colonies)
Trade Patterns: Colonies sent copper and gold to Greece, and Greece sent wine and olive oil. Trade Important!
Conclusion? Greeks were great traders in a mountain-filled peninsula. They began working together as city states to survive
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