SPARTA - West End Primary School



HISTORY: ANCIENT GREECEThe earliest?Greek?civilizations thrived nearly 4,000 years ago. ...?Ancient Greece?was split into many different states, each one was ruled in its own way. Each state had its own laws, government and money but they shared the same language and religion. The two most important city states were Athens and Sparta.SECTION 1. ANCIENT GREECE – DAILY LIFEWALT: describe daily life in Ancient Greece.Life in ancient Greece was quite different for men and women. Whilst men were expected to take an active part in the public life of their city, women were expected to lead a private life as wives and mothers. Their lives were centred on the home.Slavery was a central feature of life in Greece. Families of reasonable wealth would have slaves to carry out the household chores, to go shopping at the market and even to help bring up children. However, daily life in Sparta was rather different from most other city-states. Here women led more active lives, as this would improve their physical strength and their ability to have healthy babies. Sparta also had slaves but these belonged to the city as a whole, rather than to individual families.A lot of our information on daily life comes from pottery, and in particular from the scenes painted on pots to decorate them. ChildhoodChildren lived with their mothers in the women's quarter until they were 7 years old. They slept in wicker baskets or wooden cradles. The children played with balls, miniature chariots, rattles, yo-yos, rocking horses, and dolls and animals made from clay. Many had pets. They especially liked dogs. Other pets included ducks, quail, birds, goats, tortoises, mice, weasels, and grasshoppers. At age 7 the boys went to school.ACTIVITY 1Based upon the text, answer the following questions.How was life different for men and women?What were some of the main chores carried out by slaves?How was daily life different in Sparta?Where do we get a lot of information about daily life?What sort of toys did the children play with?What sort of pets did they keep?Would you like to have been a child at that time? Please explain.ACTIVITY 2Design your own Ancient Greek vase using what you have just read. Here are some examples: SECTION 2. ANCIENT GREECE: Spartans –v- Athenians SPARTAWALT: describe the similarities and differences between the Spartans and the Athenians.YOU ARE A SPARTAN! Be proud! You have endured unbelievable pain and hardship to become a superior Spartan soldier and citizen! Taken away from your parents at age 7, you lived a harsh and often brutal life in the soldier’s barracks. You were beaten by older children who started fights to help make you tough and strong. You were often whipped in front of groups of other Spartans, including your parents, but never cried out in pain. You were given very little food, but encouraged to steal food, instead. If caught stealing, you were beaten. To avoid severe pain, you learned to be cunning, to lie, to cheat, to steal, and how to get away with it! Some of you are members of the Spartan secret police (Krypteia) and enjoy spying on slaves. If you find a slave who is showing signs of leadership, you have orders to kill them immediately.You are fierce, capable, and proud of your strength. You know you are superior and are delighted to be Spartan!SPARTAN GOALS AND BEHAVIOUR AT THE OLYMPICS: Win at all costs. Lie, cheat, do whatever it takes. If you can't win, at least beat your arch-rival, those silly citizens of Athens. You are the proud and fierce Spartans! Dress alike with matching arm bands or buttons. Be loud but polite to your teacher who is your superior officer. Be on time. Be disciplined. Keep records. Make up a chant for Sparta, and chant it, while marching in unison, wherever you go. Make up a secret salute, and salute your fellow Spartans. Plot secretly with other Greek city-states to sabotage any Athenian chance at victory. Cheer only for your fellow Spartans at each event. Lie, cheat, steal, but do not get caught, because that is the Spartan way. Good luck at the games.ACTIVITY 1Based upon the text, and research if you are able to, complete the following:Five positive things about the Spartans are:Five negative things about the Spartans are:3.The Spartans believed themselves to be ….ATHENSYOU ARE AN ATHENIAN! Be courteous. You have been superbly educated in the arts and the sciences, and trained to be extremely productive and capable in times of peace or war. You are an achiever. Until age 6 or 7, you were taught at home by your mother, or by a male slave. From age 7-14, you attended a day school in the neighbourhood where you memorised Homeric poetry and learned to play that magnificent instrument, the lyre. You learned drama, public speaking, reading, writing, maths, and perhaps even how to play the flute. You attended four years of higher school, and learned more about maths and science and government. At 18, you attended military school for two additional years! You are proud to be an Athenian! Famed for its literature, poetry, drama, theatre, schools, buildings, government, and intellectual superiority, you have no doubt that your polis, Athens, is clearly the shining star of all the Greek city-states.ATHENIAN GOALS AND BEHAVIOUR AT THE OLYMPICS: You know your arch-rival, those horrible Spartans, will do anything to win, even lie and cheat, but you are Athenians - you would never stoop to such boorish behaviour. Cooperate with your fellow Athenians to defeat those brutish Spartans, and do your personal best! Say witty things to impress representatives from other city-states. Be courteous to all Greeks, no matter what inferior city they represent. Make up a clever chant for Athens, and sing or say it each time an Athenian wins an event or a makes a witty comment. Shake hands with your fellow Athenians, whenever you greet them. You are Athenians, the clever, creative, courteous representatives of that shining example of all that is fine and noble, the polis of Athens. Good luck in the games!ACTIVITY 2Based upon the text, and research if you are able to, complete the following:Five positive things about the Athenians are:Five negative things about the Athenians are:The Athenians believed themselves to be ….ACTIVITY 3Write ‘Spartan’ or ‘Athenian’ next to the following statements:342595212192I am beaten to make me tough00I am beaten to make me toughleft24130I am courteous00I am courteous348691327940My education makes me superior 00My education makes me superior left64643I believe ‘strength’ is best00I believe ‘strength’ is bestleft67437My culture is the best00My culture is the best345008291440I dress exactly like my peers00I dress exactly like my peersleft192913I am proud and fierce00I am proud and fierce3462528217297I am an achiever00I am an achieverleft256794I am superbly educated00I am superbly educated3474720281178I am given very little food00I am given very little food3486531345186If someone shows signs of leadership – kill them00If someone shows signs of leadership – kill themleft17526I never cry in pain00I never cry in pain24385130937I study poetry and literature00I study poetry and literature34744669017I think winning is the only way00I think winning is the only way3486912195453I shake hand to greet people00I shake hand to greet peopleleft268351I will never lie or cheat00I will never lie or cheatleft16764I attend military school for two years00I attend military school for two yearsACTIVITY 4THINK ABOUT THE PROS AND CONS OF BEING A Spartan or Athenian I would like to be an ____________________ because …I would not like to be a ____________________because …ACTIVITY 5Write two diary entries as a Spartan then an Athenian contestant at the Olympic Games. Remember: the Spartans were fierce cheats and the Athenians noble and clever!SECTION 3. ANCIENT GREECE: How have the ancient Greeks influenced our buildings?WALT: consider how the ancient Greeks influenced our buildings today.? Greek Architecture:?Greek life was dominated by religion, so that it was not surprising that the temples of ancient Greece were the biggest and most beautiful buildings. Outside the temples, people came to make sacrifices such as killing animals, to thank the Gods and Goddesses for their good luck and painful effort, and to help them out with their problems and challenges in the future. Most buildings in Greece were beautiful. Important buildings, such as temples, took many years to build. The Greeks are most famous for using a variety of columns in their buildings. The architects used the mathematical principal of the golden section to give it proportions pleasing to the eye. Doric Corinthian Ionic Doric Corinthian Ionic ACTIVITY 1Based upon the text, answer the following questions.Why did the Greeks build such wonderful temples?How did they thank the Gods and Goddesses?We have many buildings which may have been influenced by Ancient Greek architecture; can you think of any in Morecambe or Lancaster?ACTIVITY 2Summarise the key concepts – add a picture and a sentence.Animals were sacrificed.Ancient Greek life was dominated by religion. Gods and goddesses were thanked for their kindness. Ancient Greek temples were the biggest and most beautiful. ACTIVITY 3Design your own column. Use the previous examples to help you. ................
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