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Digestive System Section

• Go to .

1. Read “About the Digestive System.” Why do we digest food in the first place? Explain in your own words. What nutrients are involved?

• Click on “Body Basics: Digestive System” in the blue box.

• Click on each organ and read.

2. You might already know some of these facts! Name at least 3 organs and a fact about each that you learned from this diagram.

• Scroll down to “Things That Can Go Wrong with the Digestive System.”

3. What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and what digestive organs does it involve? Describe it in your own words.

4. What is Cystic Fibrosis and what digestive organs does it involve? Describe it in your own words.

5. What is Hepatitis and what digestive organs does it involve? Describe it in your own words.

• Go to:

• Click on “English”, “Digestive Tract”, and “Guided Tour”.

• Participate in the “Guided Tour.” Watch the animations (they are very helpful). WATCH EVERYTHING!

6. Name and explain 2 things that you were able to visualize more clearly about the digestive system since you went on the guided tour.

• Click on “Organize Your Organs” and “Start Game.” Play this!

• Go to:. . Many of you may be wondering how your digestive system compares to that of other animals.

7. Choose an animal that you are most interested in. What are at least 3 differences and/or similarities between yours and the animal’s digestive system? Describe in your own words.

• Click on:

• Go to the orange picture. “Explore the Digestive System.” Go through this tour and make sure to answer the trivia questions!

8. How much saliva do you swallow a day?

9. Acids are measured from 1 to 10 on a pH scale. 1 is the most acidic. How acidic is the acid in your stomach and what is it strong enough to do?

10. Which of the three foods stays in your stomach the longest? Why?

11. With which food does the liver have to produce the most bile? Why?

• Go to

• First, play “Building Your System”

• Next, click on “Inside Story” and check out the neat pictures!

• Finally, click on “Food Path.”

12. Drag some foods into the body. Name at least 2 differences between how some of these foods were digested from each other.

13. Now that you’ve learned some facts about your digestive system, do you think that your digestive system is made mostly of voluntary or involuntary muscles? Explain.

• Go to: .

14. Where does the gas that is released from you body come from? Explain after you’ve read the facts.

15. What makes your body vomit and what is it made up of?

Circulatory System Section



Click on the Human Heart Narrated Tour and then answer the following questions.

1. Describe the shape of the heart.

2. Where is the heart located in the body? (be specific)

3. The average human heart is __________cm long and __________cm wide.



(All about your heart at Kidshealth) and answer the following questions.

4. Your heart is a ____ ____ ______ that sends blood around your body.

5. What two things does blood provide for your body?

• 1.

• 2.

6. Blood also carries ___ ___ away.

7. Describe the function of the right side of the heart.

8. Describe the function of the left side of the heart.

9. The two chambers at the top of the heart are called ____ __.

10. The two chambers at the bottom of the heart are called __ _______.

11. The thick wall of muscle that divides the heart in the middle is the __ ____.

12. Blood moves through the body in tubes called __ _ and , together called __ ___

13. Describe the function of arteries.

14. Describe the function of veins.

15. How long does it take to pump blood to every cell in your body?



Read about the different parts of the circulatory system.

16. The circulatory system is made up of the and the ______________

that help and control the flow of the blood around the body. This process is called

_. The main parts of the system are the , ,

__ and ______________________.

Click on the “Heart” link at the bottom of the page.

17. Your heart is divided into two sides, explain what each side does.

• right side –

• left side –

18. How many times is the body’s blood circulated through the heart each day?

19. How much blood is pumped by your heart each day? _ _

20. Your heart is about the same size as your _____.

Click on the “What is Blood” link at the bottom of the page.

21. How much blood circulates through an adult’s body? ____

22. List the four components of blood.

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Click on the link and then choose the topic on the right side. Fill in the Blood Chart with an “X” in the correct places.

Blood Components Chart

| |Red Cells |White Cells |Plasma |Platelets |

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|Carry oxygen to your lungs | | | | |

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|Find germs | | | | |

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|Eat foreign things in your body | | | | |

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|Take carbon dioxide waste away | | | | |

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|Kill infections | | | | |

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|Transportation highway for water, salts and antibodies | | | | |

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|Take other wastes away | | | | |

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|Forms clots to stop bleeding | | | | |

Respiratory System Section

Introduction

The quality of air can vary widely depending where you live. While nearly any area will experience some level of air pollution, the types and amounts of each can change depending on what is nearby. This webquest will help you identify some of the major point sources of pollution in your area.

Background

The Clean Air Act, originally passed in 1963 then amended in 1970 and 1990, established acceptable air quality levels for criteria pollutants. For each pollutant listed, identify the chemical formula (if applicable) and describe its physical properties.

|Pollutant |Chemical Symbol |Physical Characteristics |Health Effects |

|Sulfur dioxide |SO2 |Colorless, foul-smelling gas that is produced by burning |Increased risk of respiratory disease. Worsens |

| | |fossil fuels. |asthma. |

|Carbon monoxide | | | |

|Nitrogen oxides | | | |

|Ozone | | | |

|Particulate Matter | | | |

|Lead | | | |

Accessing Local Facility Data

1. Visit the 2008 Emissions Inventory Database at

2. Scroll down to the “Fusion Tables” section.

3. Click on the air pollutant you would like to analyze first.

4. Click on “options.” Set the following conditions as filters:

a. State (type in your state abbreviation, e.g. IL)

b. County (type in your county, e.g. Lake)

5. Use the apply button to activate the filters.

6. Sort the pollutant by tons column in descending order to show the biggest polluters first.

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)

In the table below, list the top five carbon monoxide emissions facilities in your county. Give the amount of emissions in tons and the percent of total emissions. For each facility, give a brief explanation of what it is and/or why it is producing that pollutant. If you aren’t sure, try researching the facility name in a search engine.

|Facility |Annual Emissions |Explanation |

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Carbon Monoxide (CO)

In the table below, list the top five carbon monoxide emissions facilities in your county. Give the amount of emissions in tons and the percent of total emissions. Research each facility, find out what its purpose is, and give an explanation why it is producing so much of this pollutant.

|Facility |Annual Emissions |Explanation |

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Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)

In the table below, list the top five carbon monoxide emissions facilities in your county. Give the amount of emissions in tons and the percent of total emissions. Research each facility, find out what its purpose is, and give an explanation why it is producing so much of this pollutant.

|Facility |Annual Emissions |Explanation |

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Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

In the table below, list the top five carbon monoxide emissions facilities in your county. Give the amount of emissions in tons and the percent of total emissions. Research each facility, find out what its purpose is, and give an explanation why it is producing so much of this pollutant.

|Facility |Annual Emissions |Explanation |

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Ammonia (NH2)

In the table below, list the top five carbon monoxide emissions facilities in your county. Give the amount of emissions in tons and the percent of total emissions. Research each facility, find out what its purpose is, and give an explanation why it is producing so much of this pollutant.

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Particulate Matter 10 (PM10)

In the table below, list the top five carbon monoxide emissions facilities in your county. Give the amount of emissions in tons and the percent of total emissions. Research each facility, find out what its purpose is, and give an explanation why it is producing so much of this pollutant.

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Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

In the table below, list the top five carbon monoxide emissions facilities in your county. Give the amount of emissions in tons and the percent of total emissions. Research each facility, find out what its purpose is, and give an explanation why it is producing so much of this pollutant.

|Facility |Annual Emissions |Explanation |

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Part 1- Cell membrane



1. Why does the cell membrane have transport proteins?

2. Draw a diagram of the phospholipid bilayer and explain what it means.

Part 2 Solutions



1. What is a solution?

2. Explain the difference between the solute and solvent.

Part 3 Diffusion and Osmosis



1. Read the overview and define all the terms below

Diffusion -

Osmosis –

Passive Transport –

Concentration Gradients -

2. Scroll down to example #1 (how perfume spreads throughout a room) and read it. What is the name of this process?

Next scroll down to example #3 (diffusion will occur through a permeable membrane)

2. What is the solute concentration in side A (percent in figure 4.2)?______________

What is the solvent concentration in side A (percent in figure 4.3)?________________

3. What is the solute concentration in side B( percent in figure 4.2)? ________________

What is the solvent concentration in side B(percent in figure 4.3)? __________________

4. Draw a diagram of the two sides (A and B) and show the movement of solute and solvent (with an arrow) across the permeable membrane. Label the concentrations of solute and solvent under both sides.

Part 4: Diffusion and Osmosis

Go to the website:





Read the intro:

a. What is the difference between passive and active transport? (include both the energy requirement and the direction of movement)

b. What is equilibrium?

c. What happens to the movement of molecules when they reach equilibrium?

Go to the website:

a. How does facilitated diffusion differ from regular diffusion?

b. How are facilitated diffusion and regular diffusion the same?

Part 5- How stuff moves through the cell membrane.

Go to

After clicking on each type of molecule and viewing how they move, list how the following molecules enter/exit the cell membrane. If needed, indicate what type of membrane protein allows the molecule to enter/exit the cell.

Water

Oxygen

Carbon Dioxide

Glucose

Part 6- osmosis

Go to (“Cell biology animations”) and select “osmosis” under “cell transport”.

a. In the basic animation, describe the movement of the water molecules across the membrane. Consider the volume of fluid on each side.

Now click on “Add salt” and observe what happens.

b. After salt (in reality there would be many Na+ and Cl- ions) is added, how do the water molecules move across the membrane? Is there an overall direction of movement (where do most of the molecules end up?)

Part 7 Osmosis



1. Look at the first diagram.

What type of solution is the cell in (hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic)?______________

(Run the animation)

Which way does the water move? _____________________________

What happens to the cell? __________________________________

2. Look at the second diagram.

What type of solution is the cell in (hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic)? ______________

(Run the animation)

Which way does the water move? _____________________________

What happens to the cell? __________________________________

3. Look at the third diagram.

What type of solution is the cell in (hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic)?______________

(Run the animation)

Which way does the water move? _____________________________

What happens to the cell? __________________________________

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