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Name: ______________________________________Date: ________________________Student Exploration: Cell StructureVocabulary: cell membrane, cell wall, centriole, chloroplast, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondria, nuclear membrane, nucleolus, nucleus, organelle, plastid, ribosome, vacuole, vesiclePrior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) What are some of the structures inside a cell that help it to live and perform its role in an organism? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How do you think plant cells differ from animal cells? (Hint: What can plants do that animals cannot?) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________403860014986000Gizmo Warm-upThe Cell Structure Gizmo? allows you to look at typical animal and plant cells under a microscope. On the ANIMAL CELL tab, click Sample to take a sample of an animal cell. Use the Zoom slider to see the cell at a magnification of 2000x (2000 times larger than normal). On the dropdown menu, select Centrioles.Use the up/down and left/right sliders to manipulate the cell. Find the red arrow pointing to the centrioles. Make a sketch of the centrioles in the space below.Read the description of the centrioles. What is their function? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Activity A: Animal cellsCheck that an Animal cell is mounted on the microscope.Set the Zoom to 2000x.Question: Organelles are specialized structures that perform various functions in the cell. What are the functions of the organelles in an animal cell?Label: Locate each organelle in the animal cell. Label the organelles in the diagram below.Match: Read about each organelle. Then match each organelle to its function/description.____ Cytoplasm____ Lysosome____ Mitochondria____ Centriole____ Endoplasmic reticulum____ Vacuole____ Cell membrane____ Nucleus____ Ribosome____ Nuclear membrane____ Golgi apparatus____ Vesicle____ NucleolusStructure that organizes motion of chromosomes.Stack of membranes that packages chemicals.Membrane that protects the nucleus.Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell.Sac filled with digestive chemicals.Structures that converts nutrients to energy.Passageways where chemicals are made.Jelly-like substance within the plasma membrane.Structure that manufactures ribosomes.Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell.Package created by the Golgi apparatus.Small structure that synthesizes proteins.Sac that stores water, nutrients, or waste products.Activity B: Plant cellsSelect the PLANT CELL tab, and click Sample.Set the Zoom to 2000x.Question: What functions do the organelles in a plant cell perform?Label: Locate each organelle in the plant cell. Label the organelles in the diagram pare: What structures are present in an animal cell, but not in a plant cell? What structures are present in a plant cell, but not in an animal cell? Fill in: Name the organelle or organelles that perform each of the following functions._____________________ convert sunlight to chemical energy. The _____________________ and the _____________________ help to support the plant cell and help it to maintain its shape._____________________ store food or pigments.The _____________________ converts food into energy. It is found in both plant cells and animal cells.Academic Cell Organelles Textbook Info369633534036000Use your textbook to answer the following questions:NucleusIn the nucleus, DNA is usually found in the loose thread-like form called ________.__________________ describes when chromatin is condensed during cell division.The nuclear membrane surrounding the nucleus has ______ to allow materials into and out of the nucleus.The _________ is a region within the nucleus that assembles (creates) ribosomes.Cytoplasm – Jelly like substance that protects and cushions the organellesEndoplasmic Reticulum (ER)Divided into 2 different sections36099752711451. Rough ERThe rough ER is considered rough because it has ___________ on its membranes.The function of the rough ER is to modify __________ which were created by the ribosomes.2. Smooth ERThe smooth ER does not have __________ on its membranes.The function of the Smooth ER is to synthesize ________ and detoxify the body of _________.356362010477500Golgi ApparatusFunction is to modify, _____ and ______________ proteins from the _________________.Packages the proteins in vesicles for storage or secretion outside the cellVesicles are “containers” used to store wastes, water food or chemicalsVesicles found in both plants and animals. 35147254699000LysosomesContain ________enzymesFunction is to release enzymes to break down food (hydrolysis) or to recycle damaged ____________. 4137025137795Vacuole Plants have a large ____________ vacuole which stores water. This supports the cells by filling water to keep plants upright. Vacuoles found in both plants and animals.MitochondriaOrganelle that converts chemical energy in food into energy for the cell4072890-54038500Contains ___ membranes; an inner and outer membrane.Chloroplasts3662045-165100Convert _________ into ___________ energy during ________________.Contains ____ membranes.327215538100000CytoskeletonNetwork of __________ filaments that helps the cell to maintain ________ and ________________. Made of microtubules (small tubes) that are also found in cilia and ___________. Cell WallFound in both plant cells and bacterial cells (NOT ANIMAL CELLS)Outside of the cell membraneRigid membrane whose main function is to provide ___________ and protection for the cell. Cell Organelles PacketPart A: MATCHINGMatch the organelle to its correct function/description. Some letters may be used more than once. _____ 1. Converts sunlight into chemical energy A. Smooth ER_____ 2. Modifies proteins before shipment out of cellB. Mitochondria_____ 3. Packages and sorts proteins for shipping in the cell C. Nucleus_____ 4. Synthesizes lipids D. Golgi Body_____ 5. Breaks down food into usable energy for the cell E. Chloroplast_____ 6. Regulates what enters and exits the cell F. Nucleolus_____ 7. Contains DNA & controls the cell G. Rough ER_____ 8. Creates vesicles to house the materials for cell transport H. Cell membrane_____ 9. Detoxifies the cell of drugs/chemicals _____ 10. Synthesizes ribosomesPart B: True/False Write T or F on the line below for each statement. If false, correct it. _____ 1. All cells have a cell membrane and a cell wall. _____ 2. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain DNA._____ 3. The nucleus is the site of most chemical reactions within the cell._____ 4. The nuclear membrane does not allow anything to enter or exit the nucleus._____ 5. DNA is usually found in the condensed form of chromosomes. _____ 6. Golgi apparatus has 2 sides- one that receives proteins from the ER and one that ships proteins out after finishing them. _____ 7. Centrioles have 2 membranes- one inner and one outer. Part C: Draw a line to connect the cell part/organelle to its correct function/description. There may be multiple lines connecting to a single cell part._____ 1. Contains digestive enzymes Ribosomes_____ 2. Contains instructions for building proteinsChloroplast_____ 3. Site of protein synthesis (creation) Cell wall_____ 4. Controls movement of DNA during cell division Centriole_____ 5. Found floating in cytoplasm and on the rough ER Vacuole_____ 6. Destroys damaged organelles to recycle for parts Cytoskeleton_____ 7. Site of photosynthesisLysosome_____ 8. Digests food particles to release nutrients DNA_____ 9. Rigid outer layer to protect and support plant cell shape _____ 10. Protein network to help with internal structure and movement Part D: Comparing Plant and Animal CellsPut a check in the appropriate column(s) to indicate whether the following organelles are found in plant cells, animal cells or anellePlant CellsAnimal CellsCell WallVesicleChloroplastCentrioleCytoplasmCytoskeletonEndoplasmic reticulumGolgi apparatusLysosomeMitochondriaNucleolusNucleusPlasma membraneCentral vacuoleRibosomeVacuolePart E: Cell City Analogy – Match the organelle to the underling city part in the scenario.In a far away city called Eukaryopolis, the main export and production product is the steel widget. Everyone in the town has something to do with steel widget making and the entire town is designed to build and export widgets. The town hall has the instructions for widget making, widgets come in all shapes and sizes and any citizen of Grant can get the instructions and begin making their own widgets. Widgets are generally produced in small shops around the city, these small shops can be built by the carpenter's union (whose headquarters are in town hall).After the widget is constructed, they are placed on special carts which can deliver the widget anywhere in the city. In order for a widget to be exported, the carts take the widget to the postal office, where the widgets are packaged and labeled for export. Sometimes widgets don't turn out right, and the "rejects" are sent to the scrap yard where they are broken down for parts or destroyed altogether. The town powers the widget shops and carts from a hydraulic dam that is in the city. The entire city is enclosed by a large wooden fence, only the postal trucks (and citizens with proper passports) are allowed outside the city.City StructureOrganelleExplanationMitochondriaRibosomes NucleusGolgi ApparatusProteinCell MembraneLysosomeNucleolusOrganelle(*Not organelle)Structures/Special FeaturesFunctionPlants, Animals or BothNucleusNucleolusEndoplasmic ReticulumSmooth:Rough:Smooth:Rough:RibosomesFound:Golgi ApparatusTwo sides:LysosomeContains:Produced by:1.anelleStructures/ Special FeaturesFunctionPlants, Animals or BothCentral Vacuole*VesiclesMade in:ChloroplastMitochondria*Cytoskeleton (not an organelle)Made of:*Centrioles*Flagellum/CiliaLabel the cell using the Word Banks.45243756350Word BankRibosomesCell membraneNucleusCytoplasmMitochondriaCentrioleGolgi BodyVesicleFlagellaSmooth & Rough ERCytoskeleton00Word BankRibosomesCell membraneNucleusCytoplasmMitochondriaCentrioleGolgi BodyVesicleFlagellaSmooth & Rough ERCytoskeletonType of cell:063545243752921000Word BankRibosomesCell membraneNucleusCytoplasmMitochondriaChoroplastGolgi BodyCentral VacuoleSmooth & Rough ERCytoskeleton00Word BankRibosomesCell membraneNucleusCytoplasmMitochondriaChoroplastGolgi BodyCentral VacuoleSmooth & Rough ERCytoskeleton-266700368363500Type of Cell: ................
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