Issues in Personality
Ego Psychology
Freud (1940): "This oldest portion [the id] of the mental apparatus remains the most important throughout life…"The id and its instincts express "the true purpose of the individual organism's life."
Ego/I – always remains subservient to the id.
- gratifies instinctual impulses
- mediates between the id, the superego, and external reality
Ego Psychology
- proposed an autonomous ego system
- ego processes can be independent of purely instinctual objectives
- emphasis on adaptive functions using cognitive processes: perceiving, remembering, and thinking
- emphasizes processes and behavior of normal persons
- emphasizes rational and conscious aspects of personality
Anna Freud – the first ego psychologist
- known for developing the defense mechanisms
- maintained Freud's emphasis on instinctual impulses
Shift: the ego functions, not to gratify the id, but to adapt to the world
Hartmann – ego autonomy
- the ego has its own goals
Adler – the healthy ego strives for increased competence
Loevinger – the evolving ego
- ego is the function of adapting to the world
- ego evolves when its functions are out of step with reality
- influenced by heredity and life circumstances
An added dimension: Psychosocial
- personality is social
- develops in relationships with other people
Erikson – personality develops within a social environment
Horney – minimize "basic anxiety," by providing a warm, loving home
................
................
In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.
To fulfill the demand for quickly locating and searching documents.
It is intelligent file search solution for home and business.
Related searches
- issues in the teaching profession
- current issues in america today
- top issues in higher education
- current issues in america
- current issues in sociology
- current issues in america 2019
- list of issues in america
- common issues in high schools
- major issues in the world
- quality issues in the news
- issues in the world today
- top issues in information technology