Daily Grammar Practice Think Sheet
Daily Grammar Practice Notes
Monday: Parts of Speech
|Noun |A person, place, or thing |-Common noun: begins with a lower case letter |
|n or N | |-Proper noun: gives a name of a specific person, place, or thing |
| | |The dog is friendly. |
|Pronoun |Takes the place of a noun |-1st person: I, we |
|pron | |-2nd person: you |
| | |-3rd person: she, he, it, they |
| | |I brought the friendly dog home. |
|Adverb |Describes verbs and adjectives and other |-normally end in –ly |
|adv |adverbs |-not is always an adverb |
| | |-tells how, when, where, to what extent |
| | |The friendly dog is quickly wagging his tail. |
|Adjective |Describes nouns and pronouns |-tells which one, how many, what kind |
|adj | |The friendly dog barked. |
|Articles |Are a type of adjective |-only 3 articles: a, an, the |
|art | |The friendly dog barked. |
|Preposition |Shows relationships between a noun or pronoun |Across, after, against, around, at, before, to, for, by, near, under, |
|prep |and another word in the sentence |until, etc. |
| | | |
| | |Lots of times tells the location of something |
| | |The dog ran around the tree. |
|Conjunction |Joins words, phrases, and clauses |-Coordinating conjunctions: |
|cc or sc | |For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So |
| | |-Subordinating conjunctions: start dependent clauses. After, since, |
| | |before, even though, until, unless (NOTE: Many prepositions can be |
| | |subordinating clauses.) |
| | |Since I can’t have a dog in my apartment, I went to the pet store and |
| | |the humane society just to look at them. |
|Verb |Shows action or helps make a statement |-Action: shows action |
|av or lv or hv | |-Linking: links the subject to a word it is equal to later in the |
| | |sentence. Is, be, am, are, was, were, become, feel, grow, look, smell,|
| | |etc. |
| | |-Helping: “helps” a linking or helping verb do the action |
| | |The dog barked. |
|Gerund |A verb that acts like a noun |-ends in –ing |
|ger | |Reading is fun. |
|Participle |Verb acting like an adjective |-ends in –ing or –ed |
|part | |-I have running shoes. |
Tuesday Notes: Parts of a Sentence
|Prepositional Phrase |Group of words beginning with the preposition |-Look for this first to help eliminate words that |
|prep ph |and ending with a noun or pronoun |can’t be the subject or direct object |
| | |The dog ran around the tree. |
|Object of the Preposition |Ends prepositional phrases |--To find it, fill in the blanks… |
|op | |_________ what? |
| | |Preposition |
| | |The dog ran around the tree. |
|Subject |Who or what the sentence is talking about |-must be a noun, pronoun, gerund |
|Simple subject- only the subject | |-There and here are never subjects |
|SS | |-Can be an “understood you” when in a command. |
|Complete subject-the subject and | |The dog barked. SS |
|everything about it | |The dog barked. CS |
|CS | | |
|Predicate |What the subject is doing(verb) |-can be action or linking(don’t forget about helping |
|Simple predicate-only the verb | |verbs) |
|SP | |The dog barked loudly. SP |
|Complete predicate-the verb and | |The dog barked loudly. CP |
|everything about it | | |
|CP | | |
|Predicate Nominative |A noun or pronoun that is linked to the subject|-To find it, fill in the blanks… |
|pn |of a sentence by a linking verb |__________ ________ what? |
| | |Subject linking verb |
| | |The dog is my best friend. |
|Predicate Adjective |An adjective that is linked to the subject of a|-To find it, fill in the blanks… |
|pa |sentence by a linking verb |__________ ________ what? |
| | |Subject linking verb |
| | |The dog is friendly. |
Wednesday Notes: Clauses and Sentence Types
|Independent Clause |-Every complete sentence has at least one independent clause. |
|ind cl |-Has at least one subject and one verb |
| |-Doesn’t need any other information to make sense |
| |The dog is my best friend. |
|Dependent Clause |-Cannot stand alone |
|dep cl |-Needs other clauses in order to make sense |
| |-Can start with a subordinate conjunction |
| |Since the dog is my best friend |
|Simple Sentence |-Has only one independent clause |
|ss |The dog is my best friend. |
|Compound Sentence |-Has two or more independent clauses |
|cd |The dog is my best friend, and I like to play with him. |
|Complex Sentence |-Has a combination of independent and dependent clauses |
|cx |Since the dog is my best friend, I like to play with him. |
|Declarative Sentence |-Makes a statement |
|dec |The dog is my best friend. |
|Interrogative Sentence |-Asks a question |
|int |Is the dog your best friend? |
|Imperative Sentence |-Gives a command |
|imp |Give the dog a bone. |
|Exclamatory Sentence |-Shows strong feelings (NOTE: It does not show strong action!) |
|exc |I love my dog! |
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