Science Energy Transfer and Transformation

[Pages:54]SCIENCE

Energy Transfer and Transformation

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Stored energy

Lewis Howard Latimer

Pendulum clock Energy transfer

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Energy Transfer and Transformation

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ISBN: 978-1-68380-517-5

Energy

Transfer and

Transformation

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6

Chapter 7

Glossary

Energy Causes Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Moving Objects Have Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Energy and Speed Are Related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Energy Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Collisions Transfer Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 How Can Energy Transformations Solve Problems? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Solving Problems and Designing Solutions: Thomas A. Edison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Energy Causes Change

You walk into a dark room. You flip a switch. What changes? The room changes from dark to light.

You are holding a balloon in a quiet place. You stick a pin into the balloon. What changes? The silence in the room changes when you hear a loud sound--POP!

A toy car is sitting on top of a table. You give the car a push. What changes? The toy car changes from sitting still to moving.

Whenever there is a change, there is some form of energy causing the change. Energy is the ability to cause change.

Energy exists in many different forms. It causes different types of changes.

Chapter

1

Big Question

Where can we observe evidence of energy causing change?

Vocabulary

change, v. to become different energy, n. the ability to cause change

Popping a water balloon causes a noise and a splash!

1

Change Is Evidence of Energy

When you see changes in the world around you, you are seeing evidence, or proof, of energy. Look at the picture. What changes do you think are happening? As the wave crashes onto the shore, the water moves. That is one change. Imagine you are there on the seashore. You hear the sound of the water splashing against sand and rocks. The sound changes because of the movement of the water and the wind. Another change is the movement of the sand as it is pushed by the water. And there's a change happening that you can't see-- the temperature of the sand is changing as it is warmed by the bright sunlight or cooled by the water. All these changes are caused by some form of energy.

All of the changes that happen on this seashore are the result of energy. 2

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