Spelling Rules - Berea College
Spelling Rules
When adding ing to words that end with a single e, DROP the e.
come + ing = coming argue + ing = arguing
take + ing = taking hope + ing = hoping
write + ing = writing love + ing = loving
When adding ing to words that end with a double e, DON'T drop the e.
agree + ing = agreeing free + ing = freeing
disagree + ing = disagreeing see + ing = seeing
When adding ly to words that end with e, KEEP the e.
lone + ly = lonely accurate + ly = accurately
immediate + ly = immediately home + ly = homely
wise + ly = wisely rude + ly = rudely
Exceptions: one= only, whole = wholly, due=duly, and true=truly
When adding ly, ness, ed, or ful to words that end in y, change the y to an i, unless the words have a singular vowel before the final y. But when adding ing, keep the y.
ing
fancy + ing = fancying party + ing = partying
ly
lonely + ness = loneliness weary + ly = wearily
happy + ness = happiness angry + ly = angrily
ful ed
fancy + ful = fanciful fancy + ed = fancied
singular vowel before y ending
toy + ing = toying joy + ous = joyous
toy + ed = toyed joy + ful = joyful
For nouns ending in y preceded by a consonant, change the y to i and add es
parties studies companies minorities
When adding ed, ing, or er to one syllable verbs that end in a single consonant with a single vowel preceding the consonant, double the final consonant. Exception: words ending in w, x, or y. Another way to remember this rule: If a word has a short vowel sound and does not end in e, double the consonant before adding ing or ed.
pat + ed = patted pat + ing = patting
beg + ed = begged beg + ing = begging
rub + ed = rubbed rub + ing = rubbing
Exceptions:
flow + ed = flowed flow + ing = flowing
pray + ed = prayed pray + ing = praying
vex + ed = vexed vex + ing = vexing
When adding a suffix to words that end with ic, change the ending to ick.
frolic + ing = frolicking panic + ing = panicking
mimic + ing =mimicking picnic + ing = picnicking
When adding able or ible endings to a word, check to see if the root is a full word. If it is, use able. If it isn't, use ible.
eatable horrible
drinkable permissible
readable
.
When adding ous or able to words that end in ce or ge, keep the e.
change + able = changeable outrage + ous = outrageous
notice + able = noticeable courage + ous = courageous
For nouns ending in y following a vowel, form the plural by adding s.
toys attorneys days highways plays
boys trays rays moneys monkeys
For nouns ending in o preceded by a consonant, form the plural by adding es.
potatoes Negroes heroes vetoes tomatoes
Exceptions: pianos, sopranos, and altos
For nouns ending in o preceded by a vowel, form the plural by adding s.
radios studios
I before E except after C.
Exceptions:
E before I: caffeine, codeine, counterfeit, either, foreign, forfeit, height, heir, leisure, neither, protein, their, weird
I before E: science, society, ancient, conscience, deficient, efficient, glacier, proficient, species, sufficient
Words which have the long a sound are spelled ei : weigh, neighbor, sleigh, reins, reign
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