Activity Name: Hit the Target - Pennsylvania Council of ...



Activity Name: Word Problems-Operation Action Grade level(s): 4

Skills/Goals: Students will connect various actions with each of the four basic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division). Students will solve word problems by identifying the action(s) in the problem, and connecting each action to its appropriate operation. In the classroom, the operations can be listed on poster paper and under each operation the identified actions that correspond to that operation. As the school year progresses, new actions may be added to the posters.

Assessment Anchor(s) & Eligible Content addressed:

M04.A-F.2.1.4 Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole or set and having like denominators (denominators limited to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100).

Students: whole class activity

Materials needed:

Four sheets of poster paper that can be later displayed in the classroom. Some board space to record their original ideas and suggestions.

Directions:

• Start with the operation addition. Have the students list all the actions that they think relates to addition. As the students suggest them, list the actions on the board for the moment. When all can agree on a final listing, they can be transferred to poster paper.

• Some actions for addition might be: putting together, combining, increasing or adding on to something, growth, saving.

• Have the students create some word problems (age and level appropriate) that can be solved using addition.

• Continue with subtraction. Again, have the students list actions that they think relate to subtraction. Follow the same format as for addition.

• Some actions for subtraction might be: taking away, finding the difference, spending, comparing the size of two quantities, finding by how much something decreases.

• Have the students create some word problems (age and level appropriate) that can be solved using subtraction.

• Multiplication is done in a similar fashion.

• Some actions for multiplication might be: repeatedly adding the same amount (repeated addition), combining equal size groups, an array.

• Have the students create some word problems (age and level appropriate) that can be solved using multiplication.

• Division is also done in a similar manner.

• Some actions for division might be: equal sharing, repeated subtraction, separating into equal size groups.

• Have the students create some word problems (age and level appropriate) that can be solved using division.

Extensions:

• Students can be given a word problem to solve that contains more than one operation.

• Given sufficient information (John has seven apples and Marsha has ten apples), students could be asked to create a word problem for a specific operation (write a question that requires addition to solve it). Then the students can be asked to create another word problem for the inverse operation. For example, addition then subtraction.

• Give students a word problem where the numbers are left out, blank underlines work fine for this. Ask the students to focus on the action(s) in the problem to decide what they would do to solve it. After some discussion, give them the values and have them solve the problem.

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