US7B006R5_NC



U.S. Radiocommunication Sector Fact SheetStudy Group: USWP 7BDocument No: US7B006R5_NCReference: Annex 05 to Document 7B/14-E (Chairman’s Report) Date: August 14, 2020Document Title: Preliminary Draft New Report ITU-R SA.[EESS-METSAT CHAR] Characteristics to be used for conducting sharing studies and assessing interference to systems operating in the Earth Exploration-Satellite Service (EESS) and Meteorological-Satellite (MetSat) service.AuthorsTelephoneE-MailFred MistichelliNOAA/NESDIS Spectrum Manager(301) 713-1647Alfredo.Mistichelli@Ben Wagner, Alion Science for NOAA/NESDIS(240) 646-3556bwagner@Yu (“Judy”) Deng, Alion Science for NOAA/NESDIS(571) 201-5922ydeng@Objective: Revise Preliminary Draft New Report ITU-R SA.[EESS-METSAT CHAR] Characteristics to be used for conducting sharing studies and assessing interference to systems operating in the Earth Exploration-Satellite and Meteorological-Satellite service.Abstract: This document provides revisions to the Preliminary Draft New Report ITU-R SA.[EESS-METSAT CHAR] Characteristics to be used for conducting sharing studies and assessing interference to systems operating in the Earth Exploration-Satellite and Meteorological-Satellite services.Fact Sheet Preparer: Fred Mistichelli/Ben Wagner, for NOAA/NESDISRadiocommunication Study GroupsReceived:XX April September 2020Source:Annex 15 to Document HYPERLINK "" HYPERLINK "" 7B/14407Document 7B/XX April September 2020English onlyUnited States of AmericaPRELIMINARY DRAFT NEW REPORT ITU-R SA.[EESS-METSAT CHAR]Characteristics to be used for conducting sharing studies and assessing interference to systems operating in the Earth Exploration-Satellite Service (EESS) and Meteorological-Satellite (MetSat) serviceIntroductionThis contribution updates the PDNR ITU-R SA.[EESS-METSAT CHAR] document. The primary change in this document proposes the removal of Section 6, relating to TT&C system characteristics. The 2200-2290 and 2025-2110 MHz bands are allocated to both EESS and Space Operations. Including EESS TT&C characteristics may lead to confusion since these bands are also heavily used for TT&C by other satellite systems. Also, because WP7B is the responsible group for the Space Operation service, including Section 6 may have caused confusion regarding the scope of this document. The proposed changes by the USA are highlighted in turquoise. Attachment 1 is presented for consideration by ITU-R WP 7B. Attachment:1attachmentPRELIMINARY DRAFT NEW REPORT ITU-R SA.[EESS-METSAT CHAR]Characteristics to be used for conducting sharing studies and assessing interference to systems operating in the Earth eExploration-sSatellite Service (EESS) and mMeteorological-sSatellite (MetSat) services, and for conducting sharing studies[Editor’s Note: This document is expected to be finalised at next WP 7B and ITU-R members are hence strongly encouraged to provide their last updates in due time]TABLE OF CONTENTSPage TOC \o "1-2" \h \z \t "Annex_No,1,Annex_title,1" 1Introduction PAGEREF _Toc11661160 \h 31.1Description of the fields in the system characteristics tables PAGEREF _Toc11661161 \h 41.2Relevant ITU-R Recommendations PAGEREF _Toc11661162 \h 52Satellite orbit parameters and earth station locations PAGEREF _Toc11661163 \h 63Space-to-Earth data transmission systems for Non-GSO satellites PAGEREF _Toc11661164 \h 113.1137-138?MHz PAGEREF _Toc11661165 \h 113.2400.15-401 MHz PAGEREF _Toc11661166 \h 133.31 690-1 710?MHz PAGEREF _Toc11661167 \h 143.47 750-7 900?MHz PAGEREF _Toc11661168 \h 173.58 025-8 400?MHz PAGEREF _Toc11661169 \h 193.625.5-27 GHz PAGEREF _Toc11661170 \h 244Raw data downlink and data dissemination systems for GSO satellites PAGEREF _Toc11661171 \h 254.11 670-1 698?MHz PAGEREF _Toc11661172 \h 264.22 025-2 110?MHz PAGEREF _Toc11661173 \h 294.37?450-7?550 MHz and 8?175-8?215 MHz PAGEREF _Toc11661174 \h 314.425.5-27 GHz PAGEREF _Toc11661175 \h 325Data collection systems PAGEREF _Toc11661176 \h 335.1Non-GSO data collection systems PAGEREF _Toc11661177 \h 345.2GSO Data Collection systems PAGEREF _Toc11661178 \h 435.3GSO interrogated systems PAGEREF _Toc11661179 \h 47 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc11661180" 6Telemetry, tracking and command systems PAGEREF _Toc11661180 \h 49 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc11661181" 6.1Geostationary satellites PAGEREF _Toc11661181 \h 49 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc11661182" 6.2Non-geostationary satellites PAGEREF _Toc11661182 \h 52Annex A – Antenna radiation diagrams/patterns PAGEREF _Toc11661183 \h 60A.1Introduction PAGEREF _Toc11661184 \h 60A.2Earth station antennas PAGEREF _Toc11661185 \h 60A.3Space station antennas PAGEREF _Toc11661186 \h 62Annex B – List of abbreviations and acronyms PAGEREF _Toc11661187 \h 641IntroductionThis document contains characteristics of systems, using operating in the Earth Eexploration-sSatellite sServices (EESS) and MeteorologicalsSatellite (MetSat) services, to be used to analyse potential interference from and to these systems, to achieve operational compatibility.The different EESS and MetSat systems have been grouped into four categories, according to functionalities of the links and the type of satellite orbits considered. The frequencies relevant to each category are listed below. [Editor’s note: EESS and MetSat also use, or may use, for TTC operations the X-Band (7190-7250 MHZ (Earth-to-space) & 8025-8400 MHz (space-to-Earth)), or 400 MHZ Band. Point 4 below (TTC) and related section need to be revised to ensure consistency] 1Space-to-Earth data transmission systems for nNon-GSO satellites (§ 3)?137-138 MHz ?400.15-401 MHz ?1?6908-1?710 MHz ?7?750-7?900 MHz ?8?025-8?400 MHz ?25.5-27 GHz2Raw data downlink and data dissemination systems for GSO satellites (§ 4)?1?670-1?698 MHz (space-to-Earth)?2?025-2?110 MHz (Earth-to-space)?7?450-7?550 MHz (space-to Earth) and 8?175025-8?400215 MHz (Earth-to-space)3Data collection and platform interrogation systems (§ 5):GSO satellites:Data collection systems401-403 MHz (Earth-to-space)460-470 MHz (space-to-Earth)1?670-1?698 MHz (space-to-Earth)Interrogation systems460-470 MHz (space-to-Earth)2 025-2 110 MHz (Earth-to-space)Non-GSO satellites:Data collection systems401-403 MHz (Earth-to-space)460-470 MHz (space-to-Earth)1?697-1?699 MHz (space-to-Earth)Interrogationed systems401-403 MHz (Earth-to-space)460-470 MHz (space-to-Earth)4Telemetry, Ttracking and command Command systems (TT&C) systems for GSO and non-GSO satellites (§?6):?2?025-2?110 MHz (Earth-to-space) and 2?200-2?290 MHz (space-to-Earth)?7?190-7?250 MHz (Earth-to-space)1.1Description of the fields in the system characteristics tablesThe tables in this document provide data for frequency coordination analyses and contain information about individual Earth Eexploration-sSatellite and Meteorological-sSatellite systems. The?first two tables provide information on non-GSO and GSO satellite orbits, and the third one gives the coordinates for earth station locations. Satellite names are identified by a letter and ground station names by a number. These are cross-referenced among table entries in the rest of the document.Table 4 and higher contain specific information intended for use in interference analysis. The row elements are described below, following definitions of the EESS-MetSat data links.EESS-MetSat data links[Editor’s note from ESA: The definitions for types of EESS-MetSat data links in this section need revised for consistency with the definitions included in the MetSat Handbook (section 2.1). To be checked for the next WP 7B meeting in Sept 2018.1transmissions of observation data from MetSat satellites to main reception stations;2re-transmissions of pre-processed data to meteorological user stations through MetSat satellites;3direct broadcast transmissions to meteorological user stations from MetSat satellites;4transmissions from data collection platforms to MetSat satellites.]Data collection – The process of retrieving data from a data collection platform.Data dissemination – The transmission of data from a central data processing facility to earth stations at remote sites.A general term for the data transmission from a central data processing facility to earth stations [ITU-R SA.1020]. Raw Data data Downlink downlink – Unprocessed instrument data transmitted from the observation satellite to the primary Earth station of its operating agency, sometimes referred to as raw sensor data downlink.Data dissemination – The transmission of data from a central data processing facility to Earth stations at remote sites. Processed data are either sent back to the meteorological satellite for re-transmission as part of a direct broadcast to user stations via low and/or high rate digital signals or are directly distributed to users by using alternative means of data dissemination.Data transmission links – For EESS and MetSat systems, data transmission may be continuous or intermittent.–Continuous or real-time data transmission is labelled Direct Read-out, sometimes referred to as direct data readout which is reception of data that is generated by instruments on the spacecraft and transmitted as it is collected (real-time transmission). Direct read-out is common for GSO satellites services due to near-continuous visibility with its Eearth station(s).–Intermittent data transmission is labelled Stored Mission Data, also known as recorded data playback or recorded data acquisition which is reception of data that has been collected and stored on the spacecraft and transmitted upon command. Intermittent transmission is scheduled when the satellite is in view of its intended receiver: Eearth station or another satellite.Mission data acquisition – reception of payload data, typically from a GSO satellite at its associated ground stationRow Elements for EESS and MetSatFunction – Column header for the operational parameters required to characterize EESS and MetSat services (Recommendation ITU-R SA.1021).[Editor’s note from ESA: Consistency to be checked for next 7B meeting in September 2018. It is not clear if “function” is referring to the type of links or something else. The scope seems to vary depending on the table. There are multiple types of functions considered that probably could be introduced in section 1.1 (e.g. APT, TIP, LRPT, MetSat, HPRT, Low Rate Data, Data Dissemination, Direct Readout, Stored mission data, HRIT/LRIT, Processed data, GVAR, WMWIN, Ka-Band, etc.) Satellite – Name of sending or receiving space station for the data link.Earth station – Name of sending or receiving ground station for a data or communications link.Centre frequency – Either the centre frequency of the transmitted emissions or the centre frequency of a broadband receiver, which is receiving signals from multiple narrowband rmation data rate – Actual rate of transmitted information before any coding; the information data rate should be applied to the performance criterion.Necessary bandwidth – From the ITU Radio Regulations No. 1.152: “For a given class of emission, the width of the frequency band, which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions.” Formulas for necessary bandwidth calculationss are found in Recommendation ITU-R SM.1138 and Recommendation ITUR?SM.853.Modulation – The format of the signal used to transmit the data.Coding – Name of the method used to code the information.Encoded data rate – Actual symbol rate of the modulated signal, which includes coding. If packetizing and or error correction are used, this is the final bit rate in bits per second (bps). If a pseudorandom code is used to create a spread spectrum signal, this is the coding chip rate, chips per second (cps).Minimum elevation angle – Elevation angle above which the performance parameters are applied.Satellite antenna input power – Power from the transmitter less after line losses.Satellite antenna type – Often satellite antennas have special radiation patterns for their function, identifiable by the antenna type.Satellite antenna radiation diagram/pattern – Identity of reference source to get the diagram, formulas or tables to describe the antenna pattern. Details are provided in Annex A.Satellite antenna gain at nadir – Peak gain on low-Earth-orbiting satellites is often optimized for some off-nadir angle, so the nadir gain is provided here. In cases where the spacecraft antenna is steerable, this value is variable and not relevant.Satellite antenna gain maximum gain – This is the maximum gain, which may not occur at nadir. For low Eearth- orbiting stations this may occur at angles where the Eearth station antenna’s elevation angle is low.Satellite antenna polarization – The entries should specify whether the antenna polarization is linear or circular and whether dual polarization is used. In addition, the polarization direction should be included. For linearly polarized antennas, it may be north to south (Linear N/S) or east to west (Linear E/W). For circularly polarized antennas it is either Rright hHand cCircular (RHCP) or lLeft hHand cCircular (LHCP) or both.Earth station antenna diameter – This assumes a parabolic dish antenna and can be used to calculate antenna gain.Earth station antenna gain toward satellite – This is the maximum gain of the Eearth station antenna that is aimed toward the companion satellite.Earth station antenna polarization – Does not necessarily match the satellite antenna.Earth station antenna radiation diagram/pattern – Details are provided in Annex A.Earth station receiver noise temperature – System noise that includes the antenna and receiver expressed in degrees Kelvin (K).1.2Relevant ITU-R RecommendationsA complete description of EESS and MetSat systems can be found in the following ITU-R Handbooks:–Handbook of HYPERLINK "" HYPERLINK "" Earth Exploration-Satellite Service (2011).–Handbook on the HYPERLINK "" Use of Radio Spectrum for Meteorology: Weather, Water and Climate Monitoring and Prediction (2017).The interference criteria to be used for studies involving different types of EESS and MetSat systems can be found in the following ITU-R Recommendations:Rec. ITU-RTopics addressed in the Recommendation:SA.514Interference criteria for command and data transmission systemsSA.1026Aggregate interference criteria for space-to-Earth data transmission systems using low-Earth satellites SA.1027Sharing criteria for space-to-Earth data transmission systems using lowEarth satellites SA.1160Interference criteria for data dissemination and direct data readout systems using GSO satellites SA.1161Sharing and coordination criteria for data dissemination and direct data readout systems using GSO orbitSA.1163Interference criteria for service links in data collection systems SA.1164Sharing and coordination criteria for service links in data collection systems Recommendations for specific bands:SA.1258Sharing of the frequency band 401-403?MHz between the MetSat, EESS and MetAid services SA.1277Sharing in the 8?025-8 400?MHz frequency band between the EESS, FS, FSS, MetSat and MS SA.1745Use of the band 1 668.4-1 710 MHz by the meteorological aids service andmeteorological-satellite service (space-to-Earth)SA.1807System characteristics and interference criteria for MetSat systems operating around 18 GHzSA.2044Protection criteria for non-GSO data collection platforms in the band 401403?MHzThe performance objectives of the EESS and MetSat systems are prerequisites for the establishment of the associated interference criteria, and are provided in the following ITU-R Recommendations:Rec. ITU-RTopics addressed in the Recommendation:SA.1159Performance criteria for data dissemination, data collection and direct data readout systems in EESS and MetSat servicesSA.1627Telecommunication requirements and characteristics of data collection and platform location systemsFinally, the methodologies for determining the above interference and performance criteria in the EESS and MetSat services?can be found in the following ITU-R Recommendations:Rec. ITU-RTopics addressed in the Recommendation:SA.1020Hypothetical reference system for the EESS and MetSat servicesSA.1021Methodology for determining performance objectives for systems in the EESS and MetSat servicesSA.1022Methodology for determining interference criteria for systems in the EESS and MetSat servicesSA.1023Methodology for determining sharing and coordination criteria for systems in the EESS and MetSat services2Satellite orbit parameters and Eearth station locationsTable 1 lists typical orbit parameters for current and future MetSat/EESS non-GSO satellites that use the frequency bands given in sections 3, 5.1 and in a portion of section 56.2 of this document. Most satellites in Table 1 are in sunsynchronous orbits. The purpose of the table is to provide orbit information needed for conducting dynamic simulations. Table 2 lists typical longitudes of current and future MetSat/EESS GSO satellites that use the frequency bands given in section 4 and in a portion of section 5 of this document. Table 3 lists locations of representative specific Eearth stations and their locations that use the frequency bands given in sections 3, 4 and?5, however, this is not an exhaustive list of locations.[Editor’s note: The satellite and Eearth station names [in square brackets] to be deleted once the report is completed. Idem for specific system names in other tables.]Table 1Non-GSO satellite orbit parametersNon-GSO satellite nameOrbit Altitude (km)Inclination (degrees)Approximate Longitude ascending node (degrees) or local time of equatorial crossingascending node (LTAN) and local time of descending node (LTDN) (if in sun synchronous orbit)Satellite A [NOAA KLM (NOAA15 through -17)]81280798.5140 deg.17:41Satellite B [Meteor-3M]83598.858:00 local time (descending)Satellite C [JPSS (NOAA-20)]82483398.7TBD not yet launched13:30Satellite D [NOAA N and N’ (NOAA-18 and -19) ]NOAA N 854NOAA N’ 87098.721:3017:40149:30Satellite E [FY-3A]82498.73306.24 deg.Satellite F [Metop]81798.79:30 local time (descending)Satellite G [FY-3B]82498.73224.93 deg.Satellite H [AQUA]70598.213:30 local time (ascending)Satellite I [Landsat-7]70598.222:00 local time (ascending)Satellite I1 [Landsat-8]70598.222:00 local time (ascending)Satellite J [TERRA]70598.222:30 local time (ascending)Satellite K [Resurs-PDK1]550475[64.897.5]LTAN 22:00 Not availableSatellite L [AMAZONIA-1]75398.422 30 local timeSatellite S [Suomi-NPP]8332498.74103: 30 local timeSatellite T [KANOPUS-V]51097.023:30 local time (descending)334.75 deg.Satellite U [MKA-FKIResurs-PM]83545.0-73098.7869.7-99TBD Not launched yet339.6 deg.Satellite V [COSMIC, COSMIC-2]750, 54072, 24Not sun-synchronous6 satellites in orbital planeSatellite W [DSCOVR]1?600?00015Lagrange-1Satellite X [Jason]1?33666Not sun-synchronous Jason-2 – Non sunsynchronous orbit176.95 deg.Jason-3 – Non sunsynchronous orbit Not availableJason-CS (Sentinel-6), Non sunsynchronous orbit, TBD not yet launchedSatellite Y [SIDAR]82498.6TBD not yet launchedSatellite Z [CBERS-3]77898.522: 30 local timeSatellite AA [ADM-AEOLUS]40097.0TBD Not launched yetSatellite AB[ALOS-2]62897.924 :00 local timeSatellite AC[CRYOSAT-2]71792.0Notn sunsynchronous orbit. Nodal regression of 0.25 deg per day.Satellite AD[DEMETER]Satellite AE[EARTHCARE]39397.0TBD Not launched yetSatellite AF([EnMap]675 × 66097.96TBD Not yet launchedSatellite AG[AURA]70598.213:38 local time (ascending)Satellite AI[Formosat-5]71898.2822: 00Satellite AM[SARAL]Satellite AN [Metop-SG]81798.709: 30 local time (descending)Satellite AO (International Space Station, ISS)410 × 42051.65Nont sunsynchronous orbit.69.33 deg.Satellite AP [TerraSAR-X]51497.418: 00Satellite AQ [TanDEM-X]51497.418: 00Satellite AR [HRWS]51497.4Not yet launched (probably 18: 00)Satellite AS [TET-1]55097.5N/ASatellite AT [BIROS]50597.4LTDN 09: 30Satellite AU [High Resolution Radar Satellite] [generic]75098.4N/ASatellite AV [Sentinel 1A/1B]69398.18LTAN = 18 18:00 hoursSystem with two satellite in same orbital plane (180? phasing)Satellite AW [Sentinel 2A/2B]78698.5LTDN = 10 10:30 hoursSystem with two satellite in same orbital plane (180? phasing)Satellite AX [Sentinel 3A/3B]81598.6LTDN = 10 10:00 hoursSystem with two satellite in same orbital plane (180? phasing)Satellite AZ [Copernicus Evolution, and other commercial LEO, generic]600 to 900Typically polar orbitsN/ASatellite BA [SCISAT]65073.9LTAN = 5 H 20 min (Approximate, as has a temporal drift)Satellite BB [RADARSAT-2]78998.6LTAN= 18: 00 hoursSatellite BC (Radarsat Mission Constellation, RCM)586 to 61797.7To be launched November 2018. LTAN= 18: 00 hours ±15 minutes. System with three satellites in the same orbital plane.Satellite BD [Obzor-R]650-85097-99Non sunsynchronous orbitSatellite BE [Kondor-FKA]510-52097.4-97.5LTAN = 6:30 (initial, as has a temporal drift)Satellite BF [ARCTICA-M]40000 (apogee)3000 (perigee)62.8Non sunsynchronous orbitEditor’s note: Satellite X [Jason] includes Jason-2 and Jason-3, which are currently operational, and Jason-CS (Sentinel-6), which is planned for launch in 2020.table 2GSO Sub-satellite longitudesGSO satelliteLongitude (deg)Satellite M [GOES-NOP]60 W, 75 W, 89.5 W, 105 W, 128 W and 135 WSatellite N [Meteosat]41.5?E, 9.5?E, 3.5?E, 0?E, 3.4?WSatellite O [MTSAT]140 E and 145 ESatellite P [FY-2 & FY-4]133 E, 123.5 E, 112 E, 105 E, 99.5 E, 86.5 E and 79 ESatellite Q [GOMS with Elektro-L]76 E, 14.5 W and 165.8 ESatellite R [GOES-R Series]75.2 W, 89.5 W, 105 W and 137 WSatellite AK[SDO]102 WSatellite AL[MTG]0 E, 9.5 E and 3.4 WSatellite AM [Luch-5A, 5B, 5V]16 W, 95 E and 167 ETable 3Non-GSO and GSO specific Eearth station locations[Editor’s note: This is not a comprehensive list, rather a list of systems as added from several administrations over the course of development of this document.]Non-GSO and GSO eEarth stationsLongitude (deg)Latitude (deg)Station 1 [Wallops CDA, VA, USA]*75.5 W37.9 NStation 2 [Fairbanks, AK, USA]^*147.5 W65.0 NStation 3 [Fairmont, WV, USA]80.2 W39.4 NStation 4 [McMurdo Station, Antarctica]^*166.7 E77.8 SStation 5 [Svalbard, Norway]^*15.5 E78.2 NStation 6 [Kiruna, Sweden]*21.1 E67.9 NStation 7 [Cheia, Romania]25.93 E45.46 NStation 8 [Beijing, CHN]*116.3 E40.1 NStation 9 [Guangzhou, CHN]113.3 E23.2 NStation 10 [Prudhoe Bay, AK]148.5 W70.2 NStation 11 [Usingen, Germany]8.48 E50.33 NStation 12 [Fucino, Italy]13.6 E41.98 NStation 13 [Moscow, Russia]37.3 E55.8 NStation 14 [Novosibirsk, Russia]83.0 E55.0 NStation 15 [Khabarovsk, Russia]135.2 E48.5 NStation 16 [Suitland, Maryland, USA]76.9 W38.9 NStation 17 [White Sands, New Mexico, USA]106.6 W32.5 NStation 18 [Troll, Antarctica]2.5 E72.0 SStation 19 [Cachoeira Paulista, Brazil]45.00 W22.68 SStation 20 [Cuiabá, Brazil]^*56.04 W15.33 SStation 21 [Greenbelt, Maryland, USA]76.84 W39.00 NStation 22 [Boulder, Colorado, USA]105.26 W39.99 NStation 23 [Laurel, Maryland USA]76.90 W39.33 NStation 24 [North Pole, Alaska, USA]147.5 W64.80 NStation 25 [South Point, Hawaii, USA]155.60 W19.00 NStation 26 [Goldstone, California, USA]116.98 W35.42 NStation 27 [Xinjiang, CHN]87.4 E43.8 NStation 28 [Jiamusi, CHN]130.3 E46.7 NStation 29 [Perth, Australia]115.86 E31.93 SStation 30 [T’ainai, Taiwan]120.19 E22.93 NStation 31 [Chung-li,Taiwan]121.19 E24.97 NStation 32 [Hsin-Chu, Taiwan]120.98 E24.81 NStation 33 [Cheia, Romania]25.93 E45.46 NStation 34 [Maspalomas, Spain]15.63 W27.76 NStation 35 [Lario, Italy]9.38 E46.17 NStation 36 ]Leuk, Switzerland]7.65 E46.32 NStation 37 [Katsuura, Japan]140.30 E35.21 NStation 38 [Barrow, Alaska, USA]159.6 W71.3 NStation 39 [Villafranca, Spain]3.95 W40.45 NStation 40 [Neustrelitz, Germany]^*13.07 E53.33 NStation 41 [Sagamihara, Japan]139.49 E35.71 NStation 42 [Jeju, Rep. of Korea]126.81 E33.37 NStation 43 [Sioux Falls, SD, USA]^*96.62 E43.73 NStation 44 [Alice Springs, Australia]^*133.87 E23.70 SStation 45 [Cordoba, Argentina]^*64.46 W31.52 SStation 46 [Gatineau, Canada]*75.80 W45.58 NStation 47 [Prince Albert, Canada]*105.93 W53.21 NStation 48 [KaShi, China]*75.93 E39.50 NStation 49 [Parepare, Indonesia]^*119.63 E3.98 SStation 50 [Rumpin, Indonesia]^*106.60 E6.37 SStation 51 [Matera, Italy]*16.70 E40.65 NStation 52 [Kumamoto, Japan]*130.87 E32.53 NStation 53 [Hartebeestoek, South Africa]^*27.71 E25.88 SStation 54 [Bangkok, Thailand]*100.79 E13.73 NStation 55 [Si Racha, Thailand]*100.93 E13.10 NStation 56 [Hatayoma, Japan]139.33 E36.02 NStation 57 [Weilheim, Germany]11.08 E47.88 NStation 58 [Inuvik, Canada]133.54 W68.32 NStation 59 [O?Higgins, Antarctica]57.9 W63.32 SStation 60 [Libreville, Gabon]^*9.60 E0.39NStation 61 [Riyadh, Saudi Arabia]*46.63 E24.72 NStation 62 [Shadagar, India]^78.19E17.03NStation 60 [Punta Arenas, Chile]70.87 W52.93 SStation 61 [Saint Hubert, Canada]73.4 W45.52 NStation 62 [Saskatoon, Canada]106.32 W52.13 NStation 63 [Kaliningrad, Russia]22.16 E55.03 NStation 64 [Zheleznogorsk, Russia]93.55 E56.28 NStation 65 [Vostochnyi, Russia]128.23 E51.80 N^Designates an earth station providing support to LandSat-7.*Designates an earth station providing support to LandSat-8.3Space-to-Earth data transmission systems for Non-GSO satellites This section provides the RF parameters needed to conduct interference assessments and sharing studies for space-to-Earth data transmission from typical non-GSO satellites. The information sent via these downlinks originate from instruments on the spacecraft. [Editor’s notes: (b) To be checked consistency of names and function fields, in line with Meteo handbook and relevant Recs.]. Editor’s note 30 May 2017: 400.15-401 MHz is CDARS, see 3.2]3.1137-138?MHzThe 137-138 MHz frequency band has a long history of providing data to private users using simple inexpensive receivers and data reading systems.The aAutomatic pPicture tTransmission (APT) service continuously broadcasts low-resolution analogue data worldwide in this band from optical sensors. One sensor provides visible APT imagery during daylight, and another provides infrared imagery both day and night. The APT signal is transmitted continuously and can be received in real time by relatively unsophisticated, inexpensive ground station equipment while the satellite is within radio range. Thousands of APT receiving stations are in operation worldwide.In contrast, the TIROS iInformation pProcessor (TIP) and the Llow-resolution Resolution pPicture tTransmission (LRPT) services using this band are digital. TIP provides low-resolution data from microwave sensors to users who do not intend to install the more complex equipment necessary to receive highresolution data. TIP multiplexes this data with that from other services, and transmits it as an 8.32?kbps split phase signal. The LRPT service is envisaged for gradually replacing the APT service.LRPT data is Nyquist-filtered to minimize inter-symbol interference, and coded to reduce its vulnerability to interference and noise. Table 4 lists some typical characteristics for non-GSO MetSat data dissemination systems in the frequency band 137-138 MHz.Table 4Non-GSO MetSat space-to-Earth parameters for data dissemination systems in the frequency band 137-138?MHzFunctionUnitsAPTTIPLRPTSatelliteSatellite A [NOAA KLM]Satellite D [NOAA N&N’]Satellite B [Meteor-3M]Satellite D [NOAA N&N’]Satellite B [Meteor-3M]Earth station(s)WorldwideWorldwideStations 1 and 2 [Wallops and Fairbanks]Stations 13, 14, and 15 [Moscow], [Novosibirsk], and [Khabarovsk]Centre frequencyMHz137.5 and 137.62137.1 and 137.9125137.15 and137.9125137.35 and137.77137.1 and137.9125Information data rateMbps38 kHz BW0.0380.0380.0107[0.146]0.008320.144Necessary bandwidthMHz0.0380.03856.80.008320460.14456.8ModulationAnalogueFM-carrierAM 2.4 kHz subcarrierAnalogueFM-carrierAM 2.4 kHz subcarrierFMPM ± 67 deg.QPSKFMCodingNoneNoneNoneNoneNoneNoneEncoded data rateNANANANANANAMinimum elevation angledeg252552555Satellite antenna input powerdBW4.94.984–2.554Satellite antenna typeQuadrifilar HelixQuadrifilar HelixWhipDipoleWhipSatellite antenna radiation diagram3.7 dBi at nadir–0.25 dBi at horizon3.7 dBi at nadir–0.25 dBi at horizonIsofluxsee fig. 1X5.8 dBi at nadir–6.0 dBi at horizonsee fig. 1XNDNDSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi3.73.745.841Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi3.73.745.84Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPLinearRHCPSatellite antenna diametermNANA0.55NA0.55Earth station antenna gaindBi2 (low-gain)10 (high-gain)2 (low-gain)10 (high-gain)2.549.60 (low–gain)10 (high-gain)Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPLinearRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramCrossed dipole or high gain YagiCrossed dipole or high gain YagiRec. ITU-R S.580-6AP 7 Annex 3Crossed dipole or high gain YagiEarth station receiver noise temperatureK1?0001?000450300300Figure 1XSatellite antenna radiation diagramm for Satellite B3.2400.15-401 MHzThe meteorological-satelliteMetSat service has a primary allocation in the 400.15-401 MHz frequency band, in the space-to-Earth direction, and is limited to use currently used by non-geostationary satellites. Typical MetSat characteristics for this band are listed in Table 5. These characteristics are also in Table 2 of Recommendation ITU-R SA.1026.[Editor's note: Table 5 from Recommendation ITU-R SA.1026, Table 2].Table 5Non-GSO MetSat space-to-Earth parameters for data dissemination systems in the band 400.15-401?MHzFunctionUnitsMetSatSatelliteNon-GSONon-GSOEarth station(s)TBDTBDCentre frequencyMHz400.15-401400.15-401Information data ratedB-Hz49.549.5Necessary bandwidthkHz177.5177.5ModulationCodingEncoded data rateMinimum elevation angledeg513Satellite antenna input powerdBW11.111.1Satellite antenna gain at nadirdBic0.00.0Satellite antenna maximum gaindBic0.00.0Satellite e.i.r.p.dBWi11.111.1Free space lossdB153.6151.4Earth station antenna gaindBi0.00.0Polarization mismatch lossdB0.30.3Earth station antenna radiation diagramOmni-directional (nontracking)Omni-directional (nontracking)Earth station receiver noise temperatureK400400Overall received bit-error ratio<10?8<10?103.31 690-1 710?MHzThese services provide real time data and images directly to the user customer. The High Rate Picture Transmission (HRPT) service has been a major source of high quality data from polarorbiting meteorological satellites at user stations throughout the world. HRPT transmitters operate continuously and data can be received by any user station. Hundreds of HRPT receiving stations worldwide are registered with the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The data stream contains full resolution images in digital format from optical instruments as well as atmospheric information from a suite of sounding instruments. Through HRPT reception, the user site acquires data from three or more consecutive overpasses twice each day from each satellite, giving high-resolution data coverage of a region extending about 1?500 km radius from the user station. These are stored mission data systems when specific Eearth stations are indicated. Some typical characteristics for non-GSO MetSat direct readout systems in this band are found below in Table 6, and typical characteristics for stored mission data in this band are found in Table 7. Table 6Non-GSO MetSat Space-to-Earth parameters for direct readout systems in the band 1 690-1 710?MHzFunctionUnitsCHRPTAHRPTHRPTSatellite Satellite E & G[FY-3A & 3B]Satellite F[Metop]Satellite B[Meteor-3M]Earth station(s)Various locationsRussian territoryCarrier frequencyMHz1?704.51?701.3 & 1?7071?700 and 1?705Information Data rateMbps4.23.501.33665Necessary bandwidth MHz4.53ModulationQPSKQPSKQPSKCodingConvolutionalConvolutionalUncodedEncoded data rate-Minimum elevation angledeg555Satellite antenna input powerdBW10.5689Satellite antenna typeQuadrifilar helixSpiralSatellite antenna radiation patternsee fig. 2XSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi?7Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi?4.54Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPEarth station antenna diametersm1.873.71.5Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi302840.034.026.0Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramRec. ITU-R S.465-6Rec. ITU-R S.465-6Rec. ITU-R S.465-6Earth station receiver noise temperatureK280200150/200Table 6 (continued)Non-GSO MetSat space-to-Earth parameters for data dissemination systems in the band 1 690-1 710?MHzFunctionUnitsLow Rate DataLRPTSatelliteSatellite C[JPSS (NOAA-20)]Satellite BF[ARCTICA-M]Earth station(s)WorldwideStations 13, 14, and 15 [Moscow], [Novosibirsk], and [Khabarovsk]Carrier frequencyMHz1?697.51703Information data rateMbits/s3.88 (max)0.005Necessary bandwidthMHz6.000.02ModulationBPSKBPSKCodingNoneNoneEncoded data rateNA-Minimum elevation angledeg55Power supplied to the input of satellite antennadBW7.6-4Satellite antenna typeOmniSpiralSatellite antenna radiation diagram/patternNDsee fig. 3XSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi7.316.2Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi7.316.2Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPEarth station antenna diametermWorldwide 1, 3, 132.4Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBiWorldwide 22.5, 32, 43.130Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagram/patternRec. ITU-R S.465-6Rec. ITU-R S.580-5Earth station receiver noise temperatureK343200Figure 2XSatellite antenna radiation diagramm for Satellite BFigure 3XSatellite antenna radiation diagramm for Satellite BFTable 7Non-GSO MetSat space-to-Earth parameters for Stored Mission Datasystems in the band 1 690-1 710?MHzFunctionUnitsData DisseminationLow Rate DataSatelliteSatellite A [NOAA KLM]Satellite D[NOAA N&N’]Satellite Y[CDARS]Earth station(s)Station 1 [Wallops]Station 2 [Fairbanks]WorldwideCarrier frequencyMHz1?698, 1?702.5 or 1?7071?697.5703Information data rateMbit/s2.66 NRZor 0.322 split phase1.8 (max)Necessary bandwidthMHz5.3421.80ModulationPM ±67 deg.BQPSKCodingNoneNoneEncoded data rateNANAMinimum elevation angledeg55Satellite antenna input powerdBW87.6Satellite antenna typeQuadrifilar helix(design not completed)HelixSatellite antenna radiation diagram/patternIsoflux(design not completed)IsofluxSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi–107.3Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi0 dBi at ± 60 degrees7.3Satellite antenna polarizationRHCP(design not completed)RHCPEarth station antenna diametermWallops 13Fairbanks 13Worldwide 13Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi46.8Worldwide 47Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagram/patternRec. ITU-R S.465-6Rec. ITU-R S.465-6Earth station receiver noise temperatureK290Worldwide 2903.47 750-7 900?MHzSpace-to-Earth parameters for systems in the frequency band 7?750-7?900?MHz are found in Table 8. Nongeostationary (usually polar orbiting) MetSat systems use this band for two modes of data distribution: –Raw data transmissions to dedicated Eearth stations usually located at high latitudes, labelled in Table 8 as “Stored Mission Data”. Transmissions take place in bursts as each satellite overpasses its station, with the transmitters switched off at other times. –Continuous transmission of real time data to any ground station within line-of-sight, labelled in Table 8 as “Direct Readout”.TABLE 8Non-GSO MetSat space-to-Earth parameters for systems in the band 7?750-7?900?MHzFunctionUnitsStored Mission DataDirect ReadoutSatelliteSatellite F[Metop]Satellites E and G [FY-3A and 3B]Satellites C and S [JPSS (NOAA-20)][Suomi-NPP]Satellites AN [Metop-SG]Satellite BF[ARCTICA-M]Earth station(s)Station 5 [Svalbard]WorldwideWorldwideStations 13, 14, and 15 [Moscow], [Novosibirsk], and [Khabarovsk]Carrier frequencyMHz7?8007?7757?8127 8257?865Information Data rateMbps7018.7138030.7Necessary bandwidthMHz633015061.4ModulationQPSKQPSKQPSKBPSKCodingConcatenatedConvolutionalConcatenatedConcatenatedNoneEncoded data RateMbps30187-Minimum elevation angledeg55555Satellite antenna input power dBW6.5149.619.410Satellite antenna typeQuadrifilarQuadrifilarIsofluxIsofluxDishSatellite antenna radiation diagramIsofluxIsofluxIsofluxIsofluxRecommendation ITU-R S.672Satellite antenna gain at nadirdBi-2Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi676.838Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPRHCPEarth station antenna diameterm10335Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi5545.244.944.350Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPRHCPRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramRec. ITU-R S.465-6Rec. ITU-R S.465-6Rec. ITU-R S.465-6Rec. ITU-R S.465-6Rec. ITU-R S.580Earth station receiver noise temperatureK1802803432521503.58 025-8 400?MHzFunctions in this band are similar to those of the 7?750-7 900 MHz band, i.e. transmission of direct data readout data and of recorded data acquisition. The band 8?0258?400?MHz is very heavily used by EESS payload data downlink, with more than 130?systems in operation (many of them involving multiple satellites) and this number is still increasing. The higher bandwidth available (375 MHz total) makes this band attractive to download stored mission data that requires data rates around 100?megabits/second and higher, and is used by most Earth observation missions involving highresolution imaging or large instrument ensembles. Typically, the transmissions take place in bursts as each satellite overpasses its receiving station, with the transmitters switched off at other times.Direct readout systems, typically requiring 15-20 megabits per second, are also currently using this band. Direct readout systems typically maintain the transmitter on continuously.The characteristics for the systems in this band are found below in Table 9.Table 9Non-GSO EESS space-to-Earth parameters for systems in the band 8 025-8 400?MHzFunctionUnitsDirect ReadoutSatelliteSatellite H [AQUA]Satellite J[TERRA]Satellite B[Meteor-3M]Satellite K[Resurs-DK1P]Satellites E and G[FY-3Aand FY-3B]Earth station(s)WorldwideRussianterritoryWorldwideStation 8[Beijing]Carrier frequencyMHz8?1608?212.58?128 and 8?3208?192 and 8?3358?145.95Information data rateMbps1513.530.7 & 12315.36,122.8876.8[58 & 115]153.693Necessary bandwidthMHz30.7 & 12358 & 115Minimum elevation angledeg555Satellite antenna input powerdBW11.1810.6923.814Satellite antenna radiation diagramIsofluxIsofluxIsofluxS.672/PointedS.672/PointedIsofluxSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi–4.1?621425Satellite antenna maximum gain dBi6.868.52125Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPRHCP LinearHorizontal and VerticalLHCPRHCPEarth station antenna gain toward satellite dBi45.645.6575348435054.650474556Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPRHCP and LHCPLinearHorizontal and VerticalRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramRec. ITU-R S.465Rec. ITU-R S.465Rec. ITU-R S.465Earth station receiver noise temperatureK125190100/185150280Editor’s note: The fields remaining in this table are useful for interference analyses. The specific name of the link is not important but the function is. The fields: modulation, coding, and coded data rate are not necessary, but the bandwidth is needed to determine frequency overlap and interfering power density. The antenna type is not needed, but is represented in the antenna pattern. The diameter is only needed if the antenna pattern uses the D/λ as a parameter.Table 9 (continued)Non-GSO EESS space-to-Earth parameters for systems in the band 8 025-8 400?MHzFunctionUnitsDirect ReadoutSatellite systemSatellite AF[EnMap]Satellite AP [TerraSAR-X]Satellite AQ [TanDEM-X]Earth station(s)Station 40 [Neustrelitz]World-wideWorld-wideCarrier frequencyMHz8?2008?1508?150Information data rateMbps320300300Necessary bandwidthMHz350225225Minimum elevation angledeg555Satellite antenna input powerdBW3.217.517.5Satellite antenna radiation patternDirectionalIsofluxIsofluxSatellite antenna gain toward nadirdBi20.900Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi20.977Satellite antenna polarizationLHCPLHCP/ RHCPLHCP/ RHCPEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi4157.657.6Earth station antenna polarizationRHCP/LHCPRHCP/ LHCPRHCP/ LHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramRec. ITU-R S.465Rec. ITU-R S.465Rec. ITUR S.465Earth station receiver noise temperatureK2269292Editor’s note: The fields remaining in this table are useful for interference analyses. The specific name of the link is not important but the function is. The fields: modulation, coding, and coded data rate are not necessary, but the bandwidth is needed to determine frequency overlap and interfering power density. The antenna type is not needed, but is represented in the antenna pattern. The diameter is only needed if the antenna pattern uses the D/λ as a parameter.Table 9 (continued)Non-GSO EESS space-to-Earth Parameters of systems in the band 8?025-8?400?MHzFunctionUnitsDirect Readout and Stored Mission DataSatelliteSatellite U[Resurs-PM]Satellite T[KANOPUS-V]Satellite AO [International Space Station (Russian segment)]Satellite BD[Obzor-R]Satellite BE[Kondor-FKA]Earth station(s)WorldwideWorldwideWorldwideRussian territoryRussian territoryCarrier frequencyMHz88077.58167.58257.58347.58?128.0; 8?320.08?225.08?192 and 8?3358?128.0; 8?320.0Information data rateMbps150; 3001231525150; 30061.44; 122.88Necessary bandwidthMHz62.9; 78.6; 94.4123527062.9; 78.6; 105123Minimum elevation angledeg55555Power supplied to the input of satellite antennadBW7-211.2763.54.5Satellite antenna radiation diagram/patternITU-R S.672(steerable)isofluxITU-R S.672(steerable)ITU-R S.672(steerable)ITU-R S.672(steerable)Satellite antenna gain at nadirdBi4-3.50Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi±27.5±67 degrees from nadir?+6.5±152523.3Satellite antenna polarizationRHCP/ LHCPCircular RightRHCP/ LHCPRHCP/ LHCPCircular RightEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi48.0 (3.8 m)53.0 (7 m)48.0 (3.8 m)53.0 (7 m)48.0 (3.8 m)53.0 (7 m)5049.4Earth station antenna polarizationRHCP/ LHCPCircular RightRHCP and LHCPRHCP/ LHCPRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagram/patternRec. ITU-R S.465-6Rec. ITU-RS.465-6Rec. ITU-RS.465-6Rec. ITU-RS.465-6Rec. ITU-RS.465-6Earth station receiver noise temperatureK120 (3.8 m)130 (7 m)120 (3.8 m)130 (7 m)120 (3.8 m)130 (7 m)150150Editor’s note: The fields remaining in this table are useful for interference analyses. The specific name of the link is not important but the function is. The fields: modulation, coding, and coded data rate are not necessary, but the bandwidth is needed to determine frequency overlap and interfering power density. The antenna type is not needed, but is represented in the antenna pattern. The diameter is only needed if the antenna pattern uses the D/λ as a parameter.Blank columns/rows remain only to mark a change from previous version.Table 9 (continued)Non-GSO EESS space-to-Earth parameters for systems in the band 8 025-8 400?MHzFunctionUnitsStored mission dataDirect ReadoutSatellite systemSatellite AA [ADM-AEOLUS]Satellite AC[CRYOSAT-2]SSatellite AE[EARTH-CARE]Satellite AF[EnMap]Satellite AP [TerraSAR-X]Satellite AQ [TanDEM-X]Earth station(s)Station 5[Svalbard],Station 6 [Kiruna],Station 18 [Troll],Station 1 [Wallops]Station 6[Kiruna]Station 6[Kiruna], Station 5[Svalbard],Station 18 [Troll]Station 40 [Neustrelitz]World-wideWorld-wideCarrier frequencyMHz8?0408?1008?1008?2008?1508?150Information data rateMbps4.487.4131.18320300300Necessary bandwidthMHz1575120350225225Minimum elevation angledeg555555Satellite antenna input powerdBW3.5146.23.217.517.5Satellite antenna radiation patternIsofluxIsofluxIsofluxDirectionalIsofluxIsofluxSatellite antenna gain toward nadirdBi-31520.900Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi41820.977Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPLHCPLHCP/ RHCPLHCP/ RHCPEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi57.76057.84157.657.6Earth station antenna polarizationRHCP/LHCPRHCP/ LHCPRHCP/LHCPRHCP/LHCPRHCP/ LHCPRHCP/ LHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramITU App.8ITU App.8ITU App.8Rec. ITU-R S.465Rec. ITU-R S.465Rec. ITUR S.465Earth station receiver noise temperatureK120 K (Svalbard)1251202269292Editor’s note: The fields remaining in this table are useful for interference analyses. The specific name of the link is not important but the function is. The fields: modulation, coding, and coded data rate are not necessary, but the bandwidth is needed to determine frequency overlap and interfering power density. The antenna type is not needed, but is represented in the antenna pattern. The diameter is only needed if the antenna pattern uses the D/λ as a parameter.Table 9 (continued)Non-GSO EESS space-to-Earth Parameters for systems in the band 8 025-8 400?MHzFunctionUnitsStored Mission DataSatellite systemSatellite?AH[EO?1]Satellite AI[FORMOSAT-5]Satellite Z[CBERS-3]Satellite L [AMAZONIA-1]Satellite S[Suomi-NPP]Satellite X [Jason-CS]Earth station(s)Station 2 [Fairbanks]Station 30 [T’ainai]Station 31 [Chung-li]Station 32 [Hsin-Chu]Station 8 [Beijing]Station 20 [Cuiabá, Brazil],Station 48[Kashi], [Miyun], [Sanya]Station 20[Cuiabá, Brazil]Station 5 [Svalbard]Station 2 [Fairbanks]Station 7 [Kiruna, Sweden]Carrier frequencyMHz8?2258?1908?034.4, 8?108,8?208, 8?290 and 8?3658?3008?212.58?090Information data rateMbps10515017.5,66.9,100.4,53 & 68128262131Necessary bandwidthMHz105150300120Minimum elevation angledeg55555Satellite antenna input powerdBW4.71610, 16, 16, 17, 17179.818Satellite antenna radiation diagramIsofluxNANDSatellite antenna gain toward nadirdBiSteerable antenna0–4–4Gimballed-1Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi23.38.816.56.59.44Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi56.55857.4 (Station 20)57.459.3NAEarth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramRec. ITU-R S.465-6AP7-Annex 3NAEarth station receiver noise temperatureK190470155 (Station 20)155282NAEditor’s note: The fields remaining in this table are useful for interference analyses. The specific name of the link is not important but the function is. The fields: modulation, coding, and coded data rate are not necessary, but the bandwidth is needed to determine frequency overlap and interfering power density. The antenna type is not needed, but is represented in the antenna pattern. The diameter is only needed if the antenna pattern uses the D/λ as a parameter.Editor’s note: Please confirm information regarding Satellite Z [CBERS-3] eEarth station locations so that these new entries can be added in the Eearth station table in beginning of document.Editor’s note: Satellite X [Jason], with the Jason-CS mission will utilize an X-band downlink for the first time.Table 9 (continued)Non-GSO EESS space-to-Earth Parameters for systems in the band 8 025-8 400?MHzFunctionUnitsStored Mission DataSatellite systemSatellite AB[ALOS-2]Satellite I [Landsat-7]Satellite[Landsat-8]Satellite H [AQUA]Satellite AG [AURA]Satellite J[TERRA]Earth station(s)Station 5[Svalbard]Station 37 [Katsuura, Japan]Station 56 [Hatoyoma, Japan][Worldwide]Worldwide^Worldwide*[Station 1] Wallops[Station 2] Fairbanks[Station 3] SvalbardCarrier frequencyMHz8?1758082.58212.58342.58200.58?1608?1608?212.5Information data rateMbps800150150150150Necessary bandwidthMHz275Minimum elevation angledeg555555Satellite antenna input powerdBW5.6-1.4615.911.1812.510.6Satellite antenna radiation diagramHornDirectionalIsofluxIsofluxIsofluxIsofluxSatellite antenna gain toward nadirdBi17.826.2-3**-4.1-4.13**-6Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi17.826.27**6.86.87**6Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPLHCPRHCPRHCPRHCPEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi59.2555556.156.156.1Earth station antenna polarizationRHCP/LHCPRHCPLHCPRHCPRHCPRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramREC.465Rec. ITU-R S.465Rec. ITU-R S.465Rec. ITU-R S.465Rec. ITU-R S.465Rec. ITUR S.465Earth station receiver noise temperatureK163185185125125190Editor’s note: Landsat and ALOS-2 satellites operate in a direct data readout mode only when scheduled and in line of sight of an international co-operator. Most direct data readout modes are operated continuously at a data rate considerably lower than that used for stored mission data.^Designates an Earth station providing support to Landsat-7.*Designates an Earth station providing support to LandSat-8.**Satellite antenna gain toward nadir and Satellite antenna maximum gain were not directly available for Satellite AG and Satellite [Landsat-8]; therefore the antenna gains for Satellite H and Satellite S were averaged to calculate typical antenna gains; Satellite H and Satellite S were contemporary products, with similar performance[Editor’s note: Need to confirm the information data rate and units in table 9 (end) below]TABLE 9 (continuedend)Non-GSO EESS space-to-Earth Parameters for systems in the band 8 025-8 400 MHzFunctionUnitsStored Mission DataSatellite systemSatellite AV, AW & AX[Sentinel 1/2/3]Earth station(s)Kiruna (Sweden), Svalbard (Norway), Inuvik (Canada), Matera (Italy), Maspalomas (Spain) and Troll (Antarctica)Carrier frequencyMHzTwo channels; F1: 8095 MHz and F2: 8260 MHzInformation data rateMbps280 Msymbol/sec per channelNecessary bandwidthMHz140 MHz per channelMinimum elevation angledeg5Satellite antenna input powerdBW15.3Satellite antenna radiation diagramIsofluxSatellite antenna gain toward nadirdBi2Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi9Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi54.8Earth station antenna polarizationRHCP/ LHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramITU App.8Earth station receiver noise temperatureK125Table 9 (end)Non-GSO EESS space-to-Earth Parameters of systems in the band 8?025-8?400?MHzFunctionUnitsDirect Readout and Stored Mission DataSatelliteSatellite U[MKA-FKIResurs-PM]Satellite T[KANOPUS-V]Satellite AO [International Space Station (Russian segment)]Satellite BD[Obzor-R]Satellite BE[Kondor-FKA]Earth station(s)WorldwideWorldwideWorldwideRussian territoryRussian territoryCarrier frequencyMHz8?225.08077.58167.58257.58347.58?128.0; 8?320.08?225.08?192 and 8?3358?128.0; 8?320.0Information data rateMbps15061.0; 300161.0123100.1525150; 30061.44; 122.88Necessary bandwidthMHz62.959.4; 78.6; 94.4124.212359.427062.9; 78.6; 105123Minimum elevation angledeg55555Power supplied to the input of satellite antennadBW7.0-211.27.063.54.5Satellite antenna radiation diagram/patternITU-R S.672(steerable)isofluxITU-R S.672(steerable)ITU-R S.672(steerable)ITU-R S.672(steerable)Satellite antenna gain at nadirdBi4.8-3.50.0Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi±30 degrees from nadir?+7.327.5±67 degrees from nadir?+6.5±32.4 degrees from nadir?+7.3152523.3Satellite antenna polarizationRHCP/ LHCPCircular RightCircular RightRHCP/ LHCPCircular RightRHCP/ LHCPCircular RightEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi48.0 (3.8 m)53.0 (7 m)48.0 (3.8 m)53.0 (7 m)48.0 (3.8 m)53.0 (7 m)5049.4Earth station antenna polarizationRHCP/ LHCPCircular RightCircular RightRHCP and LHCPCircular RightRHCP/ LHCPRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagram/patternRec. ITU-R S.465-6Rec. ITU-RS.465-6Rec. ITU-RS.465-6Rec. ITU-RS.465-6Rec. ITU-RS.465-6Earth station receiver noise temperatureK120 (3.8 m)130 (7 m)120 (3.8 m)130 (7 m)120 (3.8 m)130 (7 m)150150Editor’s note: The fields remaining in this table are useful for interference analyses. The specific name of the link is not important but the function is. The fields: modulation, coding, and coded data rate are not necessary, but the bandwidth is needed to determine frequency overlap and interfering power density. The antenna type is not needed, but is represented in the antenna pattern. The diameter is only needed if the antenna pattern uses the D/λ as a parameter.Editor’s note: ISS added to satellite master list.Blank columns/rows remain only to mark a change from previous version.3.625.5-27 GHzThe frequency band 25.5-27 GHz is used by systems with bandwidth requirements for raw data transmission and stored mission data exceeding the spectrum capacities provided in the bands 7?750-7?900 MHz and/or 8?025-8?400 MHz or which would face incompatibility with existing systems in those bands due to congestion/saturation. The characteristics for these systems can be found below in REF _Ref408494513 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 10.{ESA: Is JPSS transmitting data directly to the users in 26 GHz? To be checked}Table 10System parameters for Stored Mission Data services in the band 25.5-27 GHzFunctionUnitsData DisseminationStored Mission DataSatelliteSatellite C [JPSS](NOAA-20)]and other LEO Earth Observing SatellitesSatellites AN[Metop-SG]Satellite AP (High Resolution Radar Satellite) [Generic]Satellite AZ [Copernicus Evolution, and other commercial LEO, generic]Earth stationsStations 2 [Fairbanks]Station 4 [McMurdo]Station 5 [Svalbard]Station 18 [Troll]Station 60[Punta Arenas]Station 5 [Svalbard]Station 4 [McMurdo]Station 5 [Svalbard], Station 18 [Troll],Earth Station in Central Europe [Generic]Kiruna,Svalbard,Troll,ES worldwide [Generic]Carrier frequencyMHz26?703.426 295 and 26?70026 00026?817 and 25?875Information data rateMbps130390.51?700Up to 1900 Mbps per channel (average VCM) one channel@ 500 Msps)(total: Up to 4 channels with frequency and polarization reuse)Necessary bandwidthMHz3002x 366 MHz6802 x 750 MHzModulationSOQPSK-TG Shaped offset Quadrature PSKOQPSK16/32-APSKVCM (multiple modulations up to 64-APSK)CodingConcatenatedRS (255,223)SCCCSCCCEncoded data rateMbps300up to 2?000Up to 2?000 (VCM dependant)Minimum elevation angleDdeg5555Satellite antenna input powerdBW6.014.8 per carrier10.415Satellite antenna typeSteerable ParabolicSteerable ParabolicSteerable ParabolicSteerable ParabolicSatellite antenna radiation patternPencil BeamPencil BeamPencil BeamPencil BeamSatellite antenna gain toward nadirdBiVaries with antenna pointingVaries with antenna pointingVaries with antenna pointingVaries with antenna pointingSatellite antenna maximum antenna gaindBi39.033.33232Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPCircularRHCP/LHCPEarth station antenna diametermFairbanks: 4.06, 11.3Svalbard: 4.06, 7.3, 11.3McMurdo: 4.06Troll: 7.3 Punta Arenas: 11.3Svalbard: 7.3 mMcMurdo: 4 mSvalbard 4.06, Troll 7.3, Generic Station 6.4Svalbard 6.4 m,McMurdo 4 mTroll 7.3,Generic Station 3Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBiFairbanks, McMurdo and Svalbard?4.06?m: 55.4Troll 7.3?m: 64.5Fairbanks, Svalbard, and Punta Arenas 11.3?m: 6765 (Svalbard)54 (McMurdo)Svalbard 55.4, Troll 64.5, Generic Station 63.163 dBi (6.4 m)56 dBi (3 m)Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPCircularRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramRec. ITU-R S.465-6Rec. ITU-R S.4656Rec. ITU-R S.465-6Rec. ITU-R S.4656Earth station receiver noise temperatureK3633953633954Raw data downlink and data dissemination systems for GSO satellitesThis section provides the RF parameters needed to conduct interference assessments and sharing studies for raw data downlink and data dissemination for GSO satellite systems. The low and high data rate processed information is uplinked to satellites in the 2?025-2?110?MHz band, and relayed, along with interfering signals entering the satellite in the same band, to the Eearth station receivers in the band 1?670-1?698 MHz via fixed-gain satellite transponders. The ever-increasing bandwidth for raw data transmission requires gradual migration from the band 1?670-1?698 MHz to higher frequency bands (7?4507?550 MHz, 8?025-8?400 MHz, 18.118.4?GHz (Regions 1 and 3), 18.0-18.3 GHz (Region 2) and 25.5-27 GHz). Recommendation ITU-R SA.1024-1 provides some guidance for band selection for the Earth exploration-satellite serviceEESS indicating the use of higher bands for higher data rate applications.4.11 670-1 698?MHzThe 1 670-1 698 MHz band is used for the downlinking of raw instrument data to specific ground stations of satellite operators. The sub-band 1?690-1?698 MHz is used for broadcasting data to the user. Data transmissions contain low- and high-resolution images including calibration and navigation information. Primary users are national meteorological centres, universities, private forecasters, and television broadcasters. Table 11 lists some typical characteristics for systems in this band.Table 11GSO EESS space-to-Earth raw data downlink and data dissemination in the band 1 670-1 698?MHzFunctionUnitsHRITLRITSatelliteSatellite O [MTSAT]Satellite P [FY-2 and FY-4]Satellite M [GOES-NOP]Satellite O [MTSAT]Satellite P [FY-2]Satellite P [FY-4]Earth station(s)High Rate User StationLow Rate User StationCarrier frequencyMHz1?687.11?681 & 1?6791?691.01?691.01?691.01?697Information data rateMbps0.128Necessary bandwidth MHz0.586ModulationQPSKQPSKBPSKBPSKQPSKQPSKCodingCon-catenatedLDPCCon-catenatedCon-catenatedFECFECEncoded data rateNAMinimum elevation angledegFixed pointingSatellite antenna input powerdBWe.i.r.p.55 dBm1310.2e.i.r.p.55 dBm1010Satellite antenna typePlanar Cup DipoleSatellite antenna radiation patternEarth coverageSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi15.515.618.515.5Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi15.6Satellite antenna polarizationLinear V & HLinear N/SLinear VLinear VEarth station antenna diameterm1Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi38 & 2822.527.528, 25, & 21Earth station antenna polarizationLinear V &HLinear N/SLinear VLinear VEarth station antenna radiation diagramAP7-Annex?3AP7-Annex 3AP7-Annex 3Earth station receiver noise temperatureK200280Table 11 (continued)Raw data downlink and data dissemination in the band 1 670-1 698?MHzFunctionUnitsProcessed dataGVARRaw data downlinkEMWINSatelliteSatellite P [FY-2]Satellite M [GOES-NOP]Satellite M [GOES-NOP]Satellite P [FY-2]Satellite M [GOES-NOP]Earth stationStation 16 [Suitland]Station 1 [Wallops]Station 8[Beijing]Ubiquitous User stationsCarrier frequencyMHz1?687.51?685.71?676.01?681.61?692.7Information Data rateMbps0.662.112.6140.0192Necessary bandwidthMHz4.225.20.027ModulationDPSKBPSKQPSKQPSKQPSKCodingUncodedUncodedUncodedConcatenatedEncoded data rateNANANANAMinimum elevation angledeg25525Satellite antenna input powerdBW1014.56.9?101.14Satellite antenna gain at nadirdBi18.515.615.618.515.6Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi15.615.615.6Satellite antenna typePlanar Cup DipolePlanar Cup DipolePlanar Cup DipoleSatellite antenna polarizationLinearVerticalLinear N/SLinear N/SLinearVerticalLinear N/SSatellite antenna radiation diagram1st sidelobe of –6 dBi at 60 degrees1st sidelobe of –6 dBi at 60 degrees1st sidelobe of –6 dBi at 60?degreesEarth station antenna diameterm9.116.41Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi31.540.548.448.822.7Earth station antenna polarizationLinearVerticalLinearLinearLinearVerticalLinearEarth station antenna radiation diagramAP7-Annex 3AP7-Annex 3AP7-Annex 3Earth station receiver noise temperatureK80199.515696200160Table 11 (continued)Raw data downlink and data dissemination in the band 1 670-1 698?MHzFunctionUnitsGOES Rebroadcast #1GOES Rebroadcast # 2HRIT/EMWINSatelliteSatellite R [GOES-R Series]Satellite R [GOES-R Series]Satellite R [GOES-R Series]Earth station(s)VariousVariousVariousCarrier frequencyMHz1?686.61?686.61?694.1Information data rateMbps15.515.50.400Necessary bandwidthMHz9.7910.901.21ModulationQPSK8-PSKQPSKCodingDVB-S2 rate 9/10DVB-S2 rate 2/3ConcatenatedEncoded data rateMbps23.4801717.3320.927Minimum elevation angledeg555Power supplied to the input of satellite antennadBW161613.812.3Satellite antenna typeHornHornHornSatellite antenna radiation diagram/patternFirst sidelobe–26.7 dB @ 115 deg.First sidelobe–26.7 dB @ 115 deg.First sidelobe–2.5 dB @ 52 deg.Satellite antenna gain at nadirdBi17.217.216.217.3Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi17.217.216.217.3Satellite antenna polarizationDual RHCP/LHCPDual RHCP/LHCPDual LinearEarth station antenna diameterm4.8 to 9.14.8 to 9.11Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi36.5 to 40.536.5 to 40.522.7Earth station antenna polarizationDual RHCP/LHCPDual RHCP/LHCPRHCP/LHCPVEarth station antenna radiation diagram/patternFirst sidelobe 21.5 dBi @ 2.2 deg.First sidelobe 21.5 dBi @ 2.2 deg.First sidelobe 10.5 dBi @ 20 deg.Earth station receiver noise temperatureK150150200160Table 11 (end)Raw data downlink and data dissemination in the band 1 670-1 698?MHzFunctionUnitsMulti-use Data LinkLRITRaw data downlinkLRIT, HRIT, Raw data downlinkSatellite Satellite M [GOES-NOP]Satellite N [Meteosat]Satellite N [Meteosat]Satellite Q [GOMS] with Electro-L])Earth station(s)Station 1[Wallops]Station 21[Greenbelt]Station 22[Boulder]Station 11 [Usingen] and various locationsStations 11 and 12 [Usingen] and [Fucino]Stations 13, 14, and 15 [Moscow, Novosibirsk, and Khabarovsk]Carrier frequencyMHz1?681.4781?6911?686.8331?691.0 and 1?693.0Information data rateMbps0.4000.1283.270.0025 to 1.0Bandwidth 5 to 1?970 kHzNecessary bandwidthMHz0.4000.6605.4ModulationQPSKBPSKQPSKBPSK and QPSKCodingUncodedUncodedEncoded data rateNAMinimum elevation angle deg55Satellite antenna input powerdBW8.280.99.7Satellite antenna typePlanar Cup DipoleSatellite antenna radiation pattern1st sidelobe of ?6 dBi at 60 degreesSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi15.6131312Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi17.2Satellite antenna polarizationLinear N/SRHCPEarth station antenna diameterm7.2131.5133.81.5Earth station antenna gain toward satellite3947.5 and 27.845.634.026.0Earth station antenna polarizationLinear (rotatable)RHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramAP7-Annex 3Rec. ITU-R S.465Earth station receiver noise temperatureK1620135 and 1401351504.22 025-2 110?MHzThe 2 025-2 110 MHz band is used for processed data uplinks for dissemination to the users. Performance of the composite circuit depends on the performance of each individual link. Characteristics of some typical systems can be found below in Table 12.Table 12GSO EESS Earth-to-space processed data for direct readout in the band 2 025-2 110?MHzFunctionUnitsLRITProcessed dataEMWINSatelliteSatellite M [GOES-NOP]Satellite M [GOES-NOP]Satellite P [FY-2 and FY-4]Satellite M[GOES-NOP]Earth station(s)Station 1 [Wallops]Station 1 [Wallops]Station 8 [Beijing]User stationsCarrier frequencyMHz2?033.02?027.72?047.52?034.7Information data rateMbps0.1282.110.0192Necessary bandwidthMHz0.586 MHz4.220.027ModulationBPSKBPSKQPSKCodingConcatenatedUncodedConcatenatedEncoded data rateMbps0.293NA0.03494Minimum elevation angledeg525Earth station antenna input powerdBW10.421.2203Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi49.549.55049.5Earth station antenna polarizationLinear (rotatable)Linear (rotatable)LinearVerticalLinear (rotatable)Earth station antenna radiation diagramRecommendation ITU-R S.465Recommendation ITU-R S.465Recommendation ITU-R S.465Satellite antenna gaindBi171718.517Satellite antenna polarizationLinear (N/S)Linear (N/S)Linear VerticalLinear (N/S)Satellite antenna radiation diagram1st sidelobe of ?13 dBi at 40?deg.1st sidelobe of ?13 dBi at 40?deg.1st sidelobe of ?13 dBi at40?deg.Satellite receiver noise temperatureK588588588Table 12 (end) GSO EESS Earth-to-space processed data for direct readout in the band 2 025-2 110?MHzFunctionUnitsHRIT/EMWINLRITSatelliteSatellite R[GOES–R Series]Satellite N [Meteosat]Satellite P [FY-2]Satellite P [FY-4]Earth stationStation 1 & 3[Wallops]and[Fairmont]Stations 11 & 12 [Usingen] and [Fucino]Stations 8 & 9 [Beijing] and [Guangzhou]Carrier frequencyMHz2?027.12?101.52?0512?057Data rateMbps0.4000.1280.256Necessary bandwidthMHz1.210.660ModulationPSKQPSKQPSKCodingConcatenatedFECEncoded data rateMbps0.927Minimum elevation angledeg52Earth station antenna input powerdBW18.820 and 172021Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi49.647.55046Earth station antenna polarizationRHCP/LHCPLinear VerticalCREarth station antenna radiation diagramITU-R S.465AP7Satellite antenna gaindBi17.3318.513Satellite antenna polarizationRHCP/LHCPLinear VerticalSatellite antenna radiation diagram1st sidelobe of 0.5 dBi at 38 deg.Satellite receiver noise temperatureK1?0077004.37?450-7?550 MHz and 8?02175-8?215 400 MHzThe band 7?450-7?550 MHz is used for raw and processed data downlink (for dissemination to user stations) or specific ground stations of the satellite operator. The band 8?175025-8?215 400 MHz is used for the uplink of processed data for dissemination to user stations. The characteristics for typical system in these bands are listed in Table 13 below.Table 13GSO EESS Space-to-Earth and space-to-EarthEarth-to-space processed data for direct readoutin the frequency bands 7?450-7?550 / 8 8?02175-8 8?215 400 MHzFunctionUnitsHigh rate data relayАРТHigh rate data relayHRITSatelliteSatellite Q [ GOMS with GSO satellite Electro-L)Satellite P [FY-4]Carrier frequencyMHz7?475(transmit)8?195(receive)7?500(transmit)7?500(transmit)8?185 & 8?205 (receive)Transmit (receive) data rateMbps5.12; 30.720.331; 0.663; 1.31; 1.97; 5.12; 30.7261.44Necessary bandwidthMHzModulationВPSKPSK; QPSKВPSKGMSKQPSKCodingNoneNoneNoneLDPCLDPCEncoded data rateSatellite antenna input powerdBW9.5-9.51713Satellite antenna gain toward ESdBi3636363030Satellite antenna polarizationCircular, CRCircular, CLCircular, CRCL & CRCRSatellite antenna radiation diagramRecommendation ITU-R S.672Earth stationStations 13 [Moscow]Station 14 [Novosibirsk]Station 15, [Khabarovsk]Stations 8[Beijing]Station 9[Guangzhou]Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi47 (3.8 m)50 (5 m)48 (3.8 m)50 (5 m)47 (3.8 m)50 (5 m)59 (13 m)Earth station antenna polarizationLHCPLHCPRHCPLHCP & RHCPRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramRecommendation ITU-R SA.465AP7AP7Earth station receiver noise temperatureK150270270Minimum elevation angledeg3Table 13 (end)GSO EESS space-to-Earth and Earth-to-space processed data for direct readoutin the frequency bands 7?450-7?550 / 8 8?02175-8 8?215 400 MHzFunctionUnitsRaw Data Downlink: Continuous real-time data feedSatelliteSatellite R[GOES-R Series]}Earth station(s)Station 1[Wallops]Station 3[Fairmont]Carrier frequencyMHz8?220Information data rateMbps105Necessary bandwidthMHz120ModulationQPSKCodingLDPC rate 7/8Encoded data rateMbps120Minimum elevation angledegFixed PointingPower supplied to the input of Earth stationSatellite antenna input powerdBW10.4Earth station antenna diameterm16.4Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi59.0Earth station antenna polarizationDual LinearEarth station antenna radiation diagram/patternFirst sidelobe9.9 dBi @ 0.26 deg.Satellite antenna radiation diagram/patternFirst sidelobe9.9 dBi @ 4.5 deg.Satellite antenna gain at nadirdBi0 dBi to –5 dBiSatellite antenna maximum gaindBi34.3Satellite antenna polarizationDual LinearEarth station antenna diameterm16.4Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi59.0Earth station antenna polarizationDual LinearEarth station antenna radiation diagram/patternFirst sidelobe9.9 dBi @ 0.26 deg.Rec. ITU-R S.465-5Satellite Earth station receiver noise temperatureK1504.425.5-27 GHzThe band 25.5-27 GHz is used by systems with bandwidth requirements for raw data transmission and stored mission data exceeding the spectrum capacities provided in the bands 7?750-7?900 MHz and/or 8?025-8?400 MHz or which would face incompatibility with existing systems in those bands due to congestion/saturation. Table 14 includes some typical characteristics for these systems. The mission data acquisition systems below are different from the non-GSO SMD 25.5-27.0 GHz systems in Section 3.6 because they do not require recorded data playback or recorded data acquisition where reception of data that has been collected and stored on the spacecraft and transmitted upon command. The systems in this section are in view of their associated ground stations almost all the time.Table 14GSO EESS space-to-Earth Raw Data Downlink in the band 25.5-27 GHzFunctionUnitsMission Data Acquisition (MDA)SatelliteSatellite AK [SDO]Satellite AL [MTG]Earth station(s)0Station 17 [White Sands, NM]Two MTG GS sites with up to 4 antennas per SiteStation 35 [Lario, Italy]Station 36 [Leuk, Switzerland]Carrier frequencyMHz26?50026?360 and 26?760Information data rateMbps150164 Mb/s (channel 1)246 Mb/s (channel 2)Necessary bandwidthMHz287 MHz (Ch1) and452 MHz (Ch 2)ModulationOQPSKOQPSKCodingConvolutional ? Reed-SolomonConvolutional ? Reed-Solomon 255/253Encoded data rate188 Msymbol/s (channel 1)282 Msymbol/s (channel 2)Minimum elevation angledeg10Satellite antenna input powerdBW?2.813Satellite antenna gain at nadirdBi43.5Steerable reflector, +/?8.7 degSatellite antenna maximum gaindBi43.542.5Satellite antenna polarizationLHCP & RHCPRHCP or LHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagram0.75 m reflector1m single reflectorEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi70.460.6Earth station antenna polarizationLHCP or RHCPLHCP & RHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramRec. ITU-R S.580Earth station receiver noise temperatureK460.3200{ESAEditor’s note: Are the functions “Ka Band” and “MDA” the same? Which are the differences with “Mission data acquisition” or “Stored Mission Data”?.}5Data collection systemsData collection systems (DCS) in use are the Advanced Data Collection System (A-DCS) which transmits to GSO, HEO or LEO satellites and the Argos and ICARUS systems for low earth orbiting satellites. The satellites from several administrations and international agencies support programs that use the satellite transponders for relaying data from terrestrial platforms, which can be fixed terrestrial, mobile, buoys, or animals. The programs are not always sponsored by the same agencies that provide the satellites and may not be the same administrations. The agencies who provide the satellite relay may assign time and frequency slots for data transmissions or the transmissions may be random. The technical characteristics for the terrestrial platforms are those of the various agencies that use the satellite relay and are not those of the satellite system directly. However, the transmitters on the platforms must conform to specifications of the satellite relay provider.5.1Non-GSO data collection systemsNon-GSO data collection system platform signals are uplinked in the band 401-403?MHz using signals through satellites in low-Earth or Highly elliptical orbits. The data rate ranges from 100 to 4?800 bit/s. The data collection platforms (DCP), operating with HEO satellites (ARCTICA-M) usually use a?low-gain antenna (up to 6 dBi), maximum uplink e.i.r.p. would not exceed 1618?dBW. Bent-pipe transponder is used to relay the DCS data to associated Earth stations. For LEO systems The data collection platform (DCP) typically uses a?low-gain antenna (up to 3 dBi maximum at 40?deg elevation angle), and can be a mobile or fixed platform. The Non-GSO satellite DCS processor demodulates the uplink DCS data, multiplexes the data with other telemetry, and transmits the corresponding digital data to the ground. The power received from one DCP will differ from that received from another. Figure 1 provides statistics of the ARGOS DCS uplink power measured at the satellite receiver.Figure 1Statistical Distribution of Uplink Signal Levels from Measurements: Received Signal Power vs. Time (%)5.1.1401-403 MHzTable 15 contains some of the DCP characteristics for the 401-403 MHz frequency band. Recommendation ITU-R SA.1627 has additional details.Table 15Non-GSO system parameters for platform uplinks in the band 401-403?MHzFunctionUnitsARGOS Low data rateARGOS (HD-A3)High Data RateBrazilian DCSICARUSSatelliteSatellites A, B, D, F and AM [NOAA KLM], [Metop-A/B/C], {NOAA N&N’], [METEOR], [SARAL]Satellites A,F and AM [NOAA N’][Metop][SARAL]Satellite Z[CBERS-3]Satellite AO (ICARUS on ISS)Earth stationDCS platformCarrier frequencyMHzMultiple ChannelsMultiple Channels401.62,401.65402.25Information data rateMbps0.00040.00481.60.000521Necessary bandwidthMHz0.0700.00961.2ModulationBPSKGMSKBPSK8PSK/QPSK/BPSKCodingNoneConvolutional7, 3/4NoneLDPCEncoded data rateNA9?600 bps900 kcpsMinimum elevation angleDdeg55540Earth station antenna input powerdBWSee REF _Ref374952078 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Figure 1 for measurements of uplink signal level statistics at the satellite receiver in Recommendation ≤ 7 dBW3?25.76Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBiNominal 2 dBiDeployment dependent?2max. 1.76Earth station antenna polarizationLinearRHCPLinearEarth station antenna radiation diagramCardioidShort dipoleSatellite Antenna TypeHelixPhased arraySatellite antenna gaindBi4?6 (min)?1.5 (max)>10 dBi in target patternSatellite antenna polarizationCircularCRRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagramCardioidSatellite receiver noise temperatureK600600924500Table 15 (end)Non-GSO system parameters for platform uplinks in the band 401-403?MHzFunctionUnitsLow data rateSatelliteSatellite B[Meteor-3M]Satellite BF[ARCTICA-M]Earth stationCarrier frequencyMHzMultiple Channels401-403 MHzInformation data ratebps400; 1200100; 1200Necessary bandwidthкHz1.6; 2.40.4; 2.4ModulationPCM/PM; QPSKBPSK/QPSKCodingNoneNoneEncoded data rateMinimum elevation angledeg55Earth station antenna input powerdBW1012Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi2 dBiDeployment dependent6Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramNon-DirectionalNon-DirectionalSatellite Antenna TypeSpiralSpiralSatellite antenna gaindBi415.8Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagramSee fig. 4XSee fig. 5XSatellite receiver noise temperatureK600500Figure 4XSatellite antenna radiation diagramm for Satellite BFigure 5XSatellite antenna radiation diagramm for Satellite BF5.1.2460-470 MHzThe 460-470 MHz frequency band is used by the DCS to interrogate and command terrestrial platforms from GSO and non-GSO satellites. For operating DCS satellites that transmit a carrier frequency of 465.9875 MHz, REF _Ref461626008 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 16 lists in-band technical characteristics of non-GSO DCS satellites, and Table 17 lists its out-of-band emission (OOBE) from GSO DCS satellites.In order to have reduced PFD limits levels on the ground, future satellites may implement spread spectrum multiple access (SSMA) transmission techniques.Figure 2 graphically illustrates the maximum and minimum antenna gain patterns for the Non-GSO DCPI system.Similarly, for Icarus, which transmits a carrier frequency of 468.1 MHz, REF _Ref461626008 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 18 lists in-band technical characteristics of non-GSO DCS satellites, and Table 19 lists its out-of-band emissions (OOBE) from Icarus. The Icarus antenna pattern is shown in Figure 3.Table 16Non-GSO DCS Technical Characteristics (space-to-Earth)ParameterUnitsValueSatelliteCDARS/OCEANSAT-3/METOP_SG 1B & 2B (ARGOS)Earth stationworldwideCarrier frequencyMHz (+/?5 kHz)465.9875Information data rateNecessary bandwidthMHz1.00ModulationSSMA/OQPSKCodingNRZ-MEncoded data rateMinimum elevation angledeg5Transmitter PowerW (or 10 dBW)10Data bit ratebps977.52Chip rateMsps1Chip durationseconds1*10-6BandwidthMHz2Antenna GainadBiLMaximum: ?9.2 to 1.3 dBiLMinimum: ?14 to -6.8 dBiL (90 to 5 degrees elevation angle)aRamp from edge of Earth to nadir angles. See Figure 1.[Editor’s Note: values in Table 17 and Table 19 need to be reviewed]Table 17Non-GSO DCS OOBE Limits for Carrier frequency = 465.9875 MHzFrequency(MHz)Maximum DCS Transmit Power (dBm)15-385< ?82 (b)385-396< ?96 (b)396-399.9< ?97 (b)399.900-400.050< ?113 (b)400.050-401.000< ?100 (b)401.000-401.225< ?118 (b)401.225-401.275< ?100 (b)401.275-401.69< ?115 (b)401.69-402.85< ?100 (b)402.85-403< ?117 (b)403-405.9< ?96 (b)405.9-406.2< ?115 (b)406.2-411< ?96 (b)411-425< ?72 (b)425-461.9875< ?42 (b)469.9875-1 175.0< ?29 (b)1 175.0-1 238.6< ?87 (b)1 238.6-1 564.42< ?78 (b)1 564.42-1 586.42< ?82 (b)1 586.42-2 000.0< ?86 (b)2 000.0-2 116.4< ?100 (b)2 116.4-5 354< ?72 (b)5 354-5 356< ?110 (b)5 356-1 3415< ?65 (b)13415-13735< ?66 (b)1 3735-18 000< ?60 (b)bThe maximum signal level includes all discrete signals and broadband noise in any 1?000?Hz bandwidth within the specified band.TABLE 18Non-GSO ICARUS Technical Characteristics (Earth-to-space-to-Earth)[Editor's note: OOBE values and unit need to be verified.]ParameterUnitsValueSatelliteICARUSEarth station(s)Mobile; migratory animals tagged with transmittersCarrier frequencyMHz (+/?5 kHz)468.1Information data rateNecessary bandwidthModulation8PSK/QPSK/BPSKCodingEncoded data rateMinimum elevation angledegTransmitter PowerdBW5Data bit ratekbpsSymbol rateMsps0.03375BandwidthkHz50Symbol durationseconds0.03 × 10?3Antenna Gain (see Fig.?3)dBiMax. 5 dBi at 46 degrees; 2.3 dBi at boresightTable 19Non-GSO ICARUS (DCS) OOBE Limits for Carrier frequency = 465.9875 MHzFrequency (MHz)Maximum DCS Transmit Power (dBc)15-375?50375-385?50385-396?50396-399.9?50399.900-400.050?50400.050-401.000?50401.000-401.200?50401.200-401.300?50401.300-401.700?50401.700-406.000?50406-411?50411-425?50425-1?000?501?000-20?000?50Figure 2Antenna gain patterns for Non-GSO DCPI (DCS) FIGURE 3ICARUS antenna gain pattern5.1.3Non-GSO EESS system not related to DCSTable 20 presents the incumbent non-GSO EESS GEO-IK-2 system characteristics.TABLE 20Non-GSO EESS GEO-IK-2 technical characteristicsParameter UnitsValueSatelliteGEO-IK-2Orbit altitude km1?000Orbit inclination deg99.4Carrier frequency MHz465Emission class 4M00G1DAntenna power dBW10Power spectral density dBW/Hz?55Max. Antenna gain dBi3.3Antenna pattern See Fig. 4GEO-IK-2 system antenna pattern in the specified frequency band is presented in Figure 4.Figure 4GEO-IK-2 system antenna pattern5.1.41?670-1?699?MHzData Collection Platforms (DCP) data include a number of environmental parameters that have an uplink in the 401-403 MHz band and a downlink in the 1 670-1 699 MHz band. Typical characteristics for downlink are listed in Table 21.Table 21System parameters for non-GSO DCS downlinks in the band 1 670-1 699?MHzFunctionUnitsDCPRSatelliteSatellite BF[ARCTICA-M]Earth station(s)Stations 13, 14, 15 [Moscow, Novosibirsk, and Khabarovsk]Carrier frequencyMHz1?697-1?699Information data ratebps100-1?200Necessary bandwidthkHz0.4-2.4ModulationBPSK/QPSKCodingNoneEncoded data rate-Minimum elevation angledeg5Satellite antenna input powerdBW9Satellite antenna typeSpiralSatellite antenna radiation patternSee fig. 6XSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi15Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi15Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi41Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramRec. ITU-R S.580Earth station receiver noise temperatureK150Figure 6XSatellite antenna radiation diagramm for Satellite BF5.2GSO Data Collection systemsData Collection Platforms (DCPs) transmit Manchester-encoded BPSK signals (DCP reports) in the 401403?MHz band to GSO meteorological satellites at a data rate of 300 bit/s. High rate DCPs can operate up to 1?200 bit/s. The satellite relays these DCP reports (DCPR) to a specific station of the satellite operator as well as user terminals in the 1?6701?698?MHz band. The satellite transponder, which is channelized to accommodate several hundred simultaneous DCPR transmissions, has an automatic gain control (AGC) that maintains the downlink DCPR e.i.r.p. constant regardless of the transponder input power.Individual DCPs assigned to a given DCPR channel time-share that channel, the bandwidth of which is 750 Hz for 300 bps terminals and 2 250 Hz for 1 200 bps terminals for GOES NOP and the GOES-R series. For various reasons, the power radiated by one platform will differ from that radiated by another. Measurements of DCP e.i.r.p. in one GOES DCPR channel over a 24 h period have provided the statistics summarized in Table?21. In simulations, it can be assumed that all DCPs assigned to a given channel time-share the channel equally. To determine the total DCP e.i.r.p., the?number of DCPR channels occupied simultaneously must be postulated. Assuming an?average DCP e.i.r.p. of 15?dBW, and assuming that 100 DCPR channels are simultaneously active, the sum of the DCP e.i.r.p. values will be 35?dBW. For the GOES-R series, the DCPR transponder has been designed to operate with 250 simultaneous channels with an average e.i.r.p. of 11 dBW. The maximum total uplink power would still be 35?dBW.Table 21GSO DCPR e.i.r.p. statisticse.i.r.p. of a single DCPin the channel(dBW)Number of DCPs having this e.i.r.p. in the channelNumber of DCPs having thise.i.r.p. or less40053361474880895131017301112421212541316701428981536134164618017342141852191912202002205.2.1401-403?MHzData Collection Platforms (DCP) data include a number of environmental parameters that have an uplink in the 401-403 MHz band and a downlink in the 1 670-1 698 MHz band. Typical characteristics for both the uplink and downlink are listed in Table 22 and Table 23 respectively.Table 22System parameters for GSO DCS platform uplinks in the band 401-403?MHzFunctionUnitsSatelliteSatellite M [GOES-NOP]Satellite R[GOES-R Series]Satellite N [Meteosat]Satellite P [FY-2 & 4]Satellites Q [GOMS with Electro-L] and AM [Luch 5A, 5B, 5V]Earth stationDCS PlatformDCS platformDCS platformDCS platformCarrier frequencyMHz401.7 to 402.1Regional platforms operate between 401.7 and 402.0355401.7-402.5401.1-401.4 (100 channels)402.0-402.1 (33 channels)401.5-402.5Information data ratebps3001?2000 CW Beacon300 (SRDCP)1?200 (HRDCP)0 CW Beacon400; 1200Receiver bandwidthkHz4807501?000Modulation8PSKPCM/SP-L/PMBPSKBPSK/QPSKCodingTrellis, rate 2/3RS (255, 223) (for HRDCP)NoneMinimum elevation angledegFixed pointingEarth station antenna input powerdBWFor GOES-NOP see Table 1421 for measurements of platform uplink e.i.r.p. statistics. For GOES-R (GOES-16) the nominal e.i.r.p. is 11?dBW for 300 bps and e.i.r.p. of 17 dBW for 1?200 bpsup to 13712Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBiOmni: 5.7Yagi: 11106Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramYagiOmniYagiSatellite Antenna TypeHelixSatellite antenna gaindBi14.03.910.612/15Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagram1st sidelobe of -2 dBi @50 degreesSatellite receiver noise temperatureK534296650500/5505.2.21?670-1?698?MHzTable 23System parameters for GSO DCS downlinks in the band 1 670-1 698?MHzFunctionUnitsDCPRSatelliteSatellite M [GOES-NOP]Satellite N [Meteosat]Satellite P [FY-2]Earth station(s)Station 1 [Wallops] CDAStation 11 [Usingen]Station 8 [Beijing]Carrier frequencyMHz1?694.51?694.981?675.281[1?709.5]?Information data ratebps300 bps or 1 200 over as many as 1200 channelsper channel300 (SRDCP)1?200 (HRDCP)per channel100Necessary bandwidthkHz0.3 or 1.2750 (for all channels)Modulation8PSKPCM/SP-L/PMCodingTrellisEncoded data rateMinimum elevation angledegFixed pointingSatellite antenna input powerdBW8?34 (per channel)Satellite antenna typePlanar Cup DipoleSatellite antenna radiation pattern1st sidelobe of ?6 dBi at?60?degreesSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi15.611Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi15.611Satellite antenna polarizationLinear N/SLinearHorizontalLinear VerticalEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi3845.548.8Earth station antenna polarizationLinearLinearHorizontalLinearVerticalEarth station antenna radiation diagramRecommendation ITU-R S.465Earth station receiver noise temperatureK20014196Table 23 (end)System parameters for GSO DCS downlinks in the band 1 670-1 698?MHzFunctionUnitsDCPRSatelliteSatellite R [GOES-R (GOES-16)]Satellite P[FY-4]Satellites Q [GOMS with Electro-L] and AM [Luch 5A, 5B, 5V]Satellite Q [GOMS] (with [Electro-L])Earth station(s)Station 1 [Wallops] CDA]Station 3 [Fairmont CDA]Stations 8 & 9 [Beijing & Guangzhou]Stations 13, 14, 15 [Moscow, Novosibirsk, and Khabarovsk]Carrier frequencyMHz1?679.91?680.21?6881?696-1?698Information data ratebps300/1?200With coding 1?800600100-1?200Necessary bandwidthkHz4004?000 (for all channels)0.4-2.4 (1?000?kHz for all channels)Modulation8PSKQPSKBPSK/QPSKCodingTrellisConvolutionalNoneEncoded data rateNAMinimum elevation angledegFixed pointing5Satellite antenna input powerdBW9–0.49.7/5.9Satellite antenna typeHornSatellite antenna radiation pattern1st sidelobe of ?2.5?dBi at 52?deg.Satellite antenna gain at nadirdBi16.215.512/15Satellite antenna maximum gaindBi16.2Satellite antenna polarizationLinearLinear VerticalLinear Horizontal and VerticalRHCPEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi47.544.344/39.6/35.7 (7 m)Earth station antenna polarizationLinearLinearVerticalLinearHorizontal and VerticalRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramRecommendation ITUR?S.465Recommendation ITUR?S.465/S.580Earth station receiver noise temperatureK200200150/200/2505.3GSO DCS interrogated systemsGeostationary satellites relay BPSK-modulated DCP interrogations (DCPI) from a specific station of the satellite operator in the 2?025-2?110?MHz band to the DCPs in the 460470?MHz band.Though the satellite DCPI transponder is hard-limiting rather than linear, downlink power sharing is much the same as it is for the DCPR transponder. Table 24 and Table 25 include some typical characteristics for these bands.5.3.12 025-2 110?MHzTable 24GSO system parameters for DCS uplinks in the band 2 025-2 110?MHzFunctionUnitsDCPIDCPISatellite Satellite M [GOES-NOP][GOES-R (GOES-16)]Earth stationStation 1 [Wallops] CDAStation 1 [Wallops] Station 3FairmontCarrier frequencyMHz2034.88752034.90002034.91252032.7752032.825Receiver bandwidthkHz11.044.5ModulationBPSKQPSKCodingNoneDSSSEncoded data RatekcpsNA22.225Minimum elevation angledegFixed pointingFixed pointingEarth station antenna input powerdBW43Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi47.649.6Earth station antenna polarizationLinearRHCPEarth station antenna radiation diagramAP7-Annex 3AP7-Annex 3Satellite Antenna TypePlanar Cup DipolePlanar Cup DipoleSatellite antenna gaindBi12.916.5Satellite antenna polarizationLinearLinearSatellite antenna radiation diagramEarth CoverageEarth coverageSatellite receiver noise temperatureK5701?0435.3.2460-470?MHzSystems in the 460-470 MHz band are used for transmitting commands and configuration data to Earth-based platforms. Using this service is optional for the platform owners. However, transmissions are continuous even without specific messages.Table 25GSO system parameters for DCS downlinks in the band 460-470?MHzFunctionUnitsInterrogate platforms (DCPI)Interrogate platforms (DCPC)SatelliteSatellite M [GOES NOP]Satellite [GOES-R (GOES-16)]Earth stationDCS platformDCS PlatformCarrier frequencyMHz468.8125468.8250468.8375468.775468.825Information data ratebps5?500350Necessary BandwidthMHz0.0110.0445ModulationBPSKQPSKCodingNoneDSSSEncoded data ratekcpsNA22.225Minimum elevation angledeg55Satellite antenna input powerdBW5.25Satellite Antenna TypePlanar Cup DipolePlanar Cup DipoleSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi10.614.5Satellite maximum antenna gaindBi10.614.5Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagramEarth CoverageEarth coverageEarth station antenna typeYagi on landMonopole on buoyYagi on landMonopole on buoyEarth station antenna radiation patternYagi varies per installationMonopole-CardioidYagi varies per installationMonopole-CardioidEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBiLand 13Buoy 3Land 13Buoy 3Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPEarth station receiver noise temperatureK1?3381?338[Editor’s note: The following sections were added based on the discussions that occurred in the previous meetings. Administrations are encouraged to review and add their systems characteristics.]6Telemetry, tracking and command systems The bands 2 025-2 110 MHz, allocated to EESS (Earth-to-space), and 2 200-2 290 MHz. allocated to EESS (space-to-Earth), are typically used for telemetry, tracking and command (TT&C) of Earth Observation and Meteorological satellites. These bands are used by both, geostationary and non-geostationary satellites. Typical characteristics for systems in these bands can be found below in Tables 26 through 31 inclusive. At the WRC-15, the 7 190-7 250 MHz frequency band was allocated to the EESS (Earth-to-space) for the intended use of TT&C communications. This band, in combination with the 8?0258?400?MHz, may be used by future EESS systems.6.1Geostationary satellites6.1.1Telemetry in 2 200 to 2 290 MHz rangeTABLE 26GSO EESS system parameters for ranging telemetry downlinks in the band 2 200-2 290?MHzFunctionUnitsTT&C Telemetry TransmitterTelemetrySatelliteSatellite R[GOES-R (GOES-16)]Satellite M[GOES-NOP]Earth stationStation 1[Wallops]Station 1[Wallops]Carrier frequencyMHz2?211.042?209.086Information data ratebps1?0004?0004 000Necessary bandwidthMHz4.9302.1ModulationBPSKBPSKCodingPhase modulated SubcarrierPhase modulated SubcarrierEncoded data ratekcpsNANAMinimum elevation angledegNot applicable for GSO satellitesNot applicable for GSO satellitesSatellite antenna input powerdBW1.87Satellite Antenna TypeHelixOmniSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi3.01.0Satellite maximum antenna gaindBi3.01.0Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagramCardioid?13 dB @ 170 degreesOmniEarth station antenna typeParabolicParabolicEarth station antenna radiation patternRecommendationITU-R S.465-5RecommendationITU-R S.465-5Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi49.849.5Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPEarth station receiver noise temperatureK1151006.1.2Tracking in 2 200 to 2 290 MHz and 2?025 to 2?110 MHz rangesRanging is required by geostationary satellites in order to keep the spacecraft within range of its operational orbital location. Ranging is accomplished by transmitting a tone from the Eearth station and having the spacecraft retransmit that tone back to the Eearth station.TABLE 27GSO EESS system parameters for ranging links in the 2 200-2 290?MHz and 2 025-2 119 MHz bandsFunctionUnitsTT&CSatelliteSatellite R[GOES-R (GOES-16)]Satellite R[GOES-R (GOES-16)]Earth stationStation 1[Wallops]Station 1[Wallops]Carrier frequencyMHz2?211.042?036Information data ratebpsNA- ToneNA- ToneNecessary bandwidthMHz1.451.45ModulationPMPMCodingNoneNoneEncoded data ratekcpsNANAMinimum elevation angledegNot applicable for GSO satellitesNot applicable for GSO satellitesAntenna input powerdBW1.8 at Satellite21.9 at Earth StationSatellite Antenna TypeCrossed DipolesCrossed DipolesSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi3.04.0Satellite maximum antenna gaindBi3.04.0Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagramCardioid?13 dB @ 170 degreesCardioid?11 dB @ 165 degreesEarth station antenna typeParabolicParabolicEarth station antenna radiation patternFirst sidelobe34.8 dB at 0.9 degreesFirst sidelobe34.6 dB at 0.95 degreesEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi49.849.0Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPReceiver noise temperatureK115 at Earth Station Receiver920 at Satellite ReceiverNOTE – The ranging signal is transmitted to the satellite with the command signal and relayed back to the Eearth station with the telemetry signal. In both cases, the ranging signal must share power with the data signal.TABLE 27 (continued)System parameters for GSO ranging links in the 2 200-2 290?MHz and 2 025-2 119 MHz bandsFunctionUnitsTelemetry TransmitterCommand ReceiverSatelliteSatellite M[GOES-NOP]Satellite M[GOES-NOP]Earth stationStation 1[Wallops]Station 1[Wallops]Carrier frequencyMHz2?209.0862?034.2Information data ratebpsNA- ToneNA- ToneNecessary BandwidthMHz2.02.0ModulationPMPMCodingNoneNoneEncoded data ratekcpsNANAMinimum elevation angledegNot applicable for GSO satellitesNot applicable for GSO satellitesAntenna input powerdBW7at Satellite30at Earth StationSatellite Antenna TypeOmniOmniSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi1.01.0Satellite maximum antenna gaindBi1.01.0Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagramOmniOmniEarth station antenna typeParabolicParabolicEarth station antenna radiation patternBeamwidth = 0.59 degrees plus RecommendationITU-R S.465-5Beamwidth = 0.55 degrees plus RecommendationITU-R S.465-5Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi49.550.0Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPReceiver noise temperatureK100at Earth Station Receiver3?000at Satellite ReceiverNOTE – The ranging signal is transmitted to the satellite with the command signal and relayed back to the earth Earth station with the telemetry signal. In both cases, the ranging signal must share power with the data signal.6.1.3Command in the 2 025 to 2 110 MHz rangeTABLE 28GSP EESS system parameters for command uplinks in the band 2 025-2 110?MHzFunctionUnitsTT&C CommandCDACommandCommandSatelliteSatellite R[GOES-R (GOES-16)]Satellite R[GOES-R (GOES-16)]Satellite M[GOES-NOP]Earth stationStation 1 [Wallops]Station 3 [Fairmont]Station 1 [Wallops]Station 3 [Fairmont]Station 1 [Wallops]Carrier frequencyMHz2?0362?034.22?034.2Information data ratebps1?000, 4?0004?000, 64?0002 000Necessary BandwidthMHz0.0840.008 or 0.1280.128ModulationPSK/PM with SubcarrierBPSKBPSKCodingNoneNoneNAEncoded data ratekcps1?000, 4?0004?000, 64?000NAMinimum elevation angledegNot applicable for GSO satellitesNot applicable for GSO satellitesNot applicable for GSO satellitesEarth Station antenna input powerdBW21.924.917Earth station antenna typeParabolicParabolicParabolicEarth station antenna radiation pattern34.6 dB @ 0.95 degrees34.6 dB @ 0.95 degreesBeamwidth = 0.59 degrees plusRecommendation ITU-R S.465-5Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi49.649.649.5Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPSatellite Antenna TypeOmniOmniOmniSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi4.04.01.0Satellite maximum antenna gaindBi4.04.01.0Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagram?11dB @ 165 degrees?11dB @ 165 degreesOmniSpace station receiver noise temperatureK9209173?0006.2Non-geostationary satellites6.2.1Telemetry in the 2 200 to 2 290 MHz rangeIn some cases, the telemetry link may be used to transmit science data. The tables below indicate the associated data link, which appears in another table. In case of use of spread-spectrum signals, telemetry links could be used for ranging purposes also.TABLE 29Non-GSO EESS system parameters for telemetry downlinks in the band 2 200-2 290?MHzFunctionUnitsContingency and LaunchTelemetrySatelliteSatellite D[NOAA N and N’]Satellite S[Suomi-NPP] and Satellite C[JPSS (NOAA-20)]Satellite V [COSMIC]Earth stationStation I [Wallops]Station 2 [Fairbanks, AK, USA]Station 38 [Barrow, Alaska, USA]Station 5 [Svalbard, Norway]Station 2 [Fairbanks, AK, USA]Station 4 [McMurdo Station, AntarcticaStation 18 [Troll, Antarctica]Station 1 [Wallops]Station 2 [Fairbanks, AK, USA]Station 6 [Kiruna, Sweden]Station 31 [Chung-li,Taiwan]Station 30 [T’ainai, Taiwan]Carrier frequencyMHz2?247.52?247.52?215Information data ratebps16,64032,768Telemetry 32?000Data 2?000?000Necessary bandwidthMHz4.556.04Telemetry 0.073Data 4.65ModulationPM ± 67 degreesQPSKBPSKCodingDirect Sequence Pseudo-random codeReed Solomon (255,223)Encoded data ratekcps16.6403020Telemetry 36.5Data 2325Minimum elevation angledeg555Satellite antenna input powerdBW8.07.66.99Satellite Antenna TypeOmniHelixSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi4.67.31.8 at 10 degree elevation angleSatellite maximum antenna gaindBi4.67.3Satellite antenna polarizationLHCP/RHCPRHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagram6 Omni antennasOmniEarth station antenna typeParabolicParabolicParabolicEarth station antenna radiation patternRecommendation ITU-R S.465Recommendation ITU-R S.4651st sidelobe = 24 dB at 2.2 degreesEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi4746.837.5 at Fairbanks46.6 at WallopsEarth station antenna polarizationLHCP/RHCPRHCPRHCPEarth station receiver noise temperatureK29019028TABLE 29 (continued)FunctionUnitsTelemetry and DataTelemetryTelemetry and DataSatelliteSatellite W [DSCOVR]Satellite X[Jason]Satellite Y[SIDAR]Earth stationStation 1 [Wallops]Station 22 [Boulder, Colorado, USA]Station 39 [Villafranca, Spain]Station 40 [Neustrelitz, Germany]Station 41 [Sagamihara, Japan]Station 42 [Jeju, Rep. of Korea]Station 1 [Wallops]Station 2 [Fairbanks, Alaska, USA]Station 38 [Barrow, Alaska, USA]Station 6 [Kiruna, Sweden, JASON-CS], Station 58 [Inuvik]Station 1 [Wallops]Station 5 [Svalbard, Norway]Station 2 [Fairbanks, AK, USA]Station 4 [McMurdo Station, Antarctica]Station 18 [Troll, Antarctica]Carrier frequencyMHz2?2152?268.465 [Jason-2]2?215.92 [Jason-3]2?256.0 [Jason-CS]Range2?200-2?290Information data rate Bps50 00027?98432?768Necessary BandwidthMHz1.150.839Uncoded 0.0655Coded 6.040ModulationPCM/PMQPSKBPSKCodingConcatenated Rate ? and RSYesDirect Sequence pseudorandom codeEncoded data ratekcps1145838.861Uncoded 65.5Coded 3?023.980Minimum elevation angledeg55Satellite antenna input powerdBW7.788.07.6Satellite Antenna Type[Parabolic]Satellite antenna gain at nadir dBi2457.3Satellite maximum antenna gaindBi2457.3Satellite antenna polarizationLHCPRHCP/LHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagramNDNDEarth station antenna typeParabolicParabolicEarth station antenna radiation patternAppendix 81st sidelobe = 24?dB at 2.2 degrees for FairbanksEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi37.9544.0 [Wallops and Fairbanks]38.2 [Barrow]46.8Earth station antenna polarizationLHCPRHCP/LHCPRHCPEarth station receiver noise temperatureK170290190TABLE 29 (end)FunctionUnitsTelemetry and DataTelemetryTelemetryTelemetry and RangingSatelliteSatellite BA [SCISAT]Satellite BB[Radarsat-2]Satellite BC[RCM]Satellite T [KANOPUS-V]Earth stationStations 46 [Cantley/Gatineau, CAN], Station 47 [Prince Albert, CAN], Station 58 [Inuvik, CAN], Station?61 [Saint Hubert, CAN], Station 62 [Saskatoon, CAN]Station 58 [Inuvik, CAN], Station 61 [Saint Hubert, CAN], Station 62 [Saskatoon, CAN]Stations 46 [Cantley/Gatineau CAN], Station 47 [Prince Albert, CAN], Station 58 [Inuvik, CAN], Station 61Stations 13 [Moscow],63 [Kaliningrad],64 [Zheleznogorsk],65 [Vostochnyi]Carrier frequencyMHz2?2322 2302 2302?210/2?210.5/2?211/2?212/2?218/2?219Information data rateBps4 000 000512 000500 0008?000-256?000Necessary BandwidthMHz6446ModulationQPSKPM/PCMQPSKCodingRS 255/223Encoded data ratekcpsKcpsMinimum elevation angledegDeg5555Satellite antenna input powerdBW837.1?0.2Satellite Antenna TypeSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi3?13.52Satellite maximum antenna gaindBi3?13.52Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCP/LHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagramEarth station antenna typeParabolicParabolicParabolicParabolicEarth station antenna radiation patternITU-R S465ITU-R S465ITU-R S465ITU-R S.465Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi45.2 and 47.145.2 and 47.147.134.9/39Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCP/LHCPRHCPEarth station receiver noise temperatureK152 to 260152-26015275/1006.2.2Command in the 2 025 to 2 110 MHz rangeTABLE 30Non-GSO EESS system parameters for command uplinks in the band 2 025-2 110?MHzFunctionUnitsCommandSatelliteSatellite D [NOAA N and N’ ]Satellite S [Suomi-NPP] and Satellite C[JPSS NOAA-20)]Satellite V [COSMIC]Earth stationStation I [Wallops]Station 2 [Fairbanks, AK, USA]Station 38 [Barrow, Alaska, USA]Station 5 [Svalbard, Norway]Station 1 [Wallops]Station 2 [Fairbanks, AK, USA]Station 6 [Kiruna, Sweden]Station 31 [Chung-li,Taiwan]Station 30 [T’ainai, Taiwan]Carrier frequencyMHz2?026.02?067.272?039.65Information data rateBbps2?0002?00032?000Necessary bandwidthMHz2.0Command 0.004Configuration Data 0.2560.064ModulationPM on CarrierBPSKBPSKCodingBPSK on?16 kHz subcarrierNoneNoneEncoded data rateKkcps2.0NA32?000Minimum elevation angleDdeg555Satellite antenna input powerdBW302010 dBW from Fairbanks16 dBW from TaiwanSatellite Antenna TypeHelixOmniSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi4.64Satellite maximum antenna gaindBi4.641.8 dB at 10 degrees elevation angleSatellite antenna polarizationLHCP/RHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagram6 Omni antennasNDEarth station antenna typeParabolicParabolicParabolicEarth station antenna radiation patternRecommendation ITU-R S.465-6Recommendation ITU-R S.465-6Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi39 [Fairbanks and Barrow]47 [Wallops]41.436.5 [Fairbanks]46.8 [Wallops]38.3 [Taiwan]Earth station antenna polarizationLHCP/RHCPRHCPSpace station receiver noise temperatureK864.52631?679TABLE 30 (continued)System parameters for non-GSO command uplinks in the band 2 025-2 110?MHzFunctionUnitsCommandSatelliteSatellite W [DSCOVR]Satellite X [Jason]Satellite Y [CDARS]Earth stationStation 1 [Wallops]Station 1 [Wallops]Station 2 [Fairbanks, AK, USA]Station 38 [Barrow, Alaska, USA]Station 6 [Kiruna, Sweden]Station 58 [Inuvik]Station 1 [Wallops]Station 3 [Fairmont]Station 5 [Svalbard, Norway]Station 2 [Fairbanks, AK, USA]Station 4 [McMurdo Station, AntarcticaStation 18 [Troll, Antarctica]Carrier frequencyMHz2?039.652?088.465 [Jason-2]2?040.493 [Jason-3]2?077.0 [Jason-CS]Range2?025-2?110Information data ratebps2?0004?000Command 2?000Configuration data 128?000Necessary bandwidthMHz1.00.008Command 0.004Configuration data 0.256ModulationPCM/PSK/PMBPSKBPSKCoding16 kHz subcarrierNoneNoneEncoded data ratekcps2?0004?000Command 0.004Configuration data 0.256Minimum elevation angledeg55Earth Station antenna input powerdBW24.7724.5Satellite Antenna TypeOmniSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi24.05.04.0Satellite maximum antenna gaindBi24.05.04.0Satellite antenna polarizationLHCPRHCP/LHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagramNDEarth station antenna typeParabolicParabolicEarth station antenna radiation patternAppendix 8Recommendation ITU-R S.465 [Barrow]1st sidelobe = 23 dB for 2.39 degrees for FairbanksEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi44.4144.4 [Wallops and Fairbanks]37.5 [Barrow]Earth station antenna polarizationLHCPRHCP/LHCPRHCPSpace station receiver noise temperatureK1?150800263TABLE 30 (end)System parameters for non-GSO command uplinks in the band 2 025-2 110?MHzFunctionUnitsCommandCommand and RangingSatelliteSatellite BA [SCISAT]Satellite BB[Radarsat-2]Satellite BC[RCM]Satellite T [KANOPUS-V]Earth stationStations 46 [Cantley/Gatineau, CAN], Station 47 [Prince Albert, CAN], Station 58 [Inuvik, CAN], Station 61 [Saint Hubert, CAN], Station 62 [Saskatoon, CAN]Station 58 [Inuvik, CAN], Station 61 [Saint Hubert, CAN], Station 62 [Saskatoon, CAN]Stations 46 [Cantley/Gatineau, CAN] , Station 47 [Prince Albert, CAN], Station 58 [Inuvik, CAN], Station 61Stations 13 [Moscow], 63 [Kaliningrad], 64 [Zheleznogorsk], 65 [Vostochnyi]Carrier frequencyMHz2 055.32 053.4582 053.458Information data ratebps4?0004?0001?000-128?000Necessary bandwidthMHz2.31.22.56ModulationQPSKPCM/BPSK/PMQPSKCodingPCM: NRZ-LEncoded data ratekcpsMinimum elevation angledeg555Earth Station antenna input powerdBW11.511.52222Satellite Antenna TypeSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi3?13.52Satellite maximum antenna gaindBi3?13.52Satellite antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCP/LHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagramNon-DirectionalEarth station antenna typeParabolicParabolicParabolicParabolicEarth station antenna radiation patternRecommendationITU-R S.465Recommendation ITU-R S.465Recommendation ITU-R S.465Recommendation ITU-R S.465Earth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi44.4 and 46.344.4 and 46.346.334.2/38Earth station antenna polarizationRHCPRHCPRHCP/LHCPRHCPSpace station receiver noise temperatureK4061 3061 0004506.2.3Ranging in the 2 025 to 2 110 MHz and 2 200 to 2 290 MHz bandsRanging is used on non-geostationary satellites to locate the satellite’s position. This is important in some cases because the satellite’s position is then used to measure the location of other objects.Table 31Non-GSO System parameters for ranging links in the band 2 025-2 110?MHzFunctionUnitsRangingUplinkRangingDownlinkRangingUplinkSatelliteSatellite W [DSCOVR]Satellite W [DSCOVR]Satellite X[Jason]Earth stationStation 1 [Wallops]Station 1 [Wallops]DORIS Beacons WorldwideCarrier frequencyMHz2?039.652?215.02?036.25Information data ratebps500 kHz Tone500 kHz Tone200Necessary bandwidthMHz1.01.0.095ModulationPCM/PMPCM/PMBPSKCodingNoneNoneNAEncoded data ratekcpsNANANAMinimum elevation angledegNANA0Earth Station antenna input powerdBW10Satellite Antenna TypeOmniSatellite antenna gain at nadirdBi24.024.05.2Satellite maximum antenna gaindBi24.024.05.2Satellite antenna polarizationLHCPLHCPRHCPSatellite antenna radiation diagramNDEarth station antenna typeParabolicParabolicOmniEarth station antenna radiation patternAppendix 8Appendix 8NDEarth station antenna gain toward satellitedBi48.848.86Earth station antenna polarizationLHCPLHCPLinearSpace station receiver noise temperatureK1150170170Annex AAntenna radiation diagrams/patternsA.1IntroductionAlthough measured patterns are preferable, representative patterns have been developed by the ITU and references to them are used in this document. This Annex presents and discusses the referenced antenna gain patterns.A.2Earth station antennasA.2.1ITU Radio Regulation Appendix 7, Annex 3, § 3 and Annex 4 § 1, Antenna patterns for Earth stations communicating with geostationary and nongeostationary satellites ITU Radio Regulation Appendix 7, Annex 3, § 3(1)(2)????????????????????degrees(3)[Editor’s note: Appendix 7, Annex 4 Antenna Gain toward the horizon for an Earth station operating with non-geostationary space stations, § 1 Determination of the horizon antenna gain states “where no pattern is available the pattern of § 3 of Annex 3 may be used.” Therefore, the equations shown here (in A.2.1) apply to both geostationary and non-geostationary satellites, in the absence of better information on the actual antenna pattern.]A.2.2ITU Radio Regulation Appendix 8, Annex 3, Antenna patterns for Earth stations communicating with geostationary satellitesa)for values of 4 (maximum gain ≥?48?dBi approximately): G(φ) = Gmax ? 2.5 × 10?3 for0< φ < φmG(φ) = G1for φm≤ φ < φrG(φ) = 32 ? 25 log φforφr≤ φ < 48°G(φ) = ?10for 48°≤ φ <180°where: D:antenna diameterexpressed in the same unitλ :wavelengthφ: off-axis angle of the antenna, in degrees, equal to θt or θg, as applicableG1: gain of the first sidelobe = 2 + 15 log ??????????degrees??????????degreesb)for values of 4 (maximum gain <?48?dBi approximately):G(φ) = Gmax ? 2.5 × 10?3 for 0< φ < φmG(φ) = G1for φm ≤ φ < G(φ) = 52 ? 10 log ??25 log?φfor ≤ φ < 48°G(φ) = 10 ? 10 log for 48°≤ φ ≤?180°Reference Patterns for sidelobesA.2.32.1RR Appendix 29Reference Patterns for sidelobesReferences to Appendix 29 are references to an appendix that has been revised and redesignated. Only a sidelobe pattern is in the older version. The actual equation appears in Appendix 28 and is referenced in Appendix 29 of the 1971 revision of the ITU Radio Regulations.(4)A.2.32.12Recommendation ITU-R S.465G ? 32 – 25 log ?dBi?????????for ?min ? ? ? 48°(5)G ? ?10dBi????????for 48° ? ? ? 180°where:?min ? 1° or 100 /D degrees, whichever is the greater, for D/ ≥ 50.?min = 2° or 114 (D/)–1.09 degrees, whichever is the greater, for D/ < 50.This pattern does not contain representation of the main lobe. The mainlobe pattern from Appendix?7 Annex 3 can be considered.A.2..2.3.2Recommendation ITU-R S.580-6This Recommendation provides design objectives for antennas of eEarth stations operating with geostationary satellites:1That new antennas of an earth station operating with a geostationary satellite should have a?design objective such that the gain, G, of at least 90% of the side-lobe peaks does?not exceed:(6)(G being the gain relative to an isotropic antenna and ? being the off-axis angle in the direction of the GSO referred to the main-lobe axis).This requirement should be met for ? between 1° or (100 ??D) whichever is the greater and 20° for any offaxis direction that is within 3° of the GSO.2For an off-axis angle, ?, greater than the limits specified above, Recommendation ITUR?S.465 should be used as a reference”.A.2.23.43Sidelobe level specificationSeveral of the entries provide the offset angle and absolute gain of the first antenna sidelobe (e.g.?First sidelobe 9.9 dBi @ 0.26 deg). Figure 5 below provides a sample pattern for large parabolic antennas. The first sidelobe is indicated by the diamonds. The sample antenna pattern is for a 13meter antenna used in S-band. Figure 5Azimuth pattern at 2?247.5 MHz for a 13-meter antenna[Editor’s note: the X and Y axis labels are unclear]A.3Space station antennasA.3.1Geostationary satellitesA.3.1.1Earth coverageFrom the geostationary orbit the Earth subtends only 187.4 degrees. Antennas with beamwidth of 20?degrees or more will have a fairly constant gain across the Earth’s visible surface.A.3.1.2Recommendation ITU-R S.672-4 This antenna pattern is a design objective of satellite antennas used in the fixed-satellite service employing geostationary satellites. For details go to the Recommendation. A.3.2Low Eearth orbiting satellitesA.3.2.1Isoflux patternThe term Isoflux as used in this document refers to an antenna gain pattern used by low Eearthorbiting satellites, which provides its maximum gain toward the horizon and attempts to provide a constant power flux density at all locations within the field of view of the spacecraft.Antennas that approximate this pattern are sometimes referred to as Isoflux antennas but the actual antenna may be a quadrifiler or some other antenna.A generic isoflux radiation pattern that can be assumed is presented below:(7)Where k is the maximum gain in dBi and θ is the antenna boresight angle from nadir. Tables in this document refer to this pattern as the “Isoflux." Figure 6 shows the pattern of an Isoflux antenna.Figure 6Representation of an Isoflux antenna patternSome entries for satellite antennas provide specific details of the antenna pattern (e.g., 1st sidelobe of –2.5 dBi at 52 deg.).The tables contain rows for the “Satellite antenna gain at nadir (dBi)” and “Satellite maximum antenna gain (dBi)” These are intended to support this antenna pattern and provide values to be used with this pattern.[Editor’s note (ESA): the figure above should also include a table that seems to be lost. ESA will check and provide the figure for the next WP 7B meeting in Sept 18Representative antenna pattern for isoflux to be included here. Similar to cardioid generic figure.][Editor’s note: the above equation does not have a value for θ =70o and the equation yields very low values for angles >80o]A.3.2.2Pencil beamThere is no specific pattern associated with this term. It might be assumed that the pattern is similar to Recommendation ITU-R S.672-4.A.3.2.3CardioidSatellite antennas that are not specifically designed for Isoflux type coverage will likely have their maximum gain at nadir and a cardioid rolloff pattern. A sample Cardioid pattern is shown in Fig?7.Figure 7Representative Cardioid Antenna PatternA.3.2.4NDThis term means non-directional. This is an ideal. The actual pattern is likely to be a cardioid but can be modelled as an Omni-directional antenna.Annex BList of abbreviations and acronyms8PSKEight-level Phase Shift KeyingA-DCSAdvanced Data Collection SystemAGCAutomatic Gain ControlAHRPTAdvanced High-Resolution Picture TransmissionAPTAutomatic (or Analogue) Picture TransmissionAPSKAmplitude and Phase Shift Keying, or Asymmetric Phase Shift KeyingARGOSName for satellite-based location and data collection system (Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite)BPSKBinary Phase Shift KeyingCDACommand and Data Acquisition CDARSCooperative Data and Rescue ServiceCHRPTColour High-Resolution Picture TransmissionDCPData Collection PlatformDCPCData Collection Platform CommandDCPIData Collection Platform InterrogateDCPRData Collection Platform Report DCS Data Collection System DPSKDifferential Phase Shift KeyingDSSSDirect Sequence Spread SpectrumEESSEarth Eexploration-sSatellite sServicee.i.r.p.Effective isotropic radiated powerEMWINEmergency Managers Weather Information NetworkFECForward Error CorrectionFYFeng-YunGOES Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (USA) GMSKGaussian Minimum Shift KeyingGSOGeosynchronous OrbitGVARGOES variable data formatHRDCPHigh-Rate Data Collection PlatformHRITHigh Rate Information TransmissionHRPTHigh-Resolution Picture TransmissionICARUSInternational Cooperation for Animal Research Using SpaceLDPCLow-Density Parity-Check codeLEOLow Earth OrbitLHCPLeft Hand Circular PolarizationLRITLow Rate Information TransmissionLRPTLow-Resolution Picture TransmissionLTANLocal Time Ascending NodeLTDNLocal Time Descending NodeMDA Mission Data AcquisitionMetopMeteorological Operational Polar Satellite (EUMETSAT)MetSatMeteorological Satellite (US)MTGMeteosat Third Generation (EUMETSAT)MTSATMultifunctional Transport SatelliteNOAANational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USA)NRZNon-Return to Zero (encoding)OOBEOut-Of-Band-EmissionsOQPSKOffset Quadrature Phase Shift KeyingPCMPulse Code ModulationPFDPower Flux DensityPMPhase ModulationPSKPhase Shift KeyingQPSKQuadrature Phase Shift KeyingRHCPRight Hand Circular PolarizationRSReed Solomon (error correction code)SCCCSerial Concatenated Convolutional CodesSIDARSolar Irradiance, Data and RescueSOQPSK-TGShaped-Offset Quadrature Phase KeyingSSMASpread Spectrum Multiple AccessTIROSTelevision Infrared Observation SatelliteTIPTIROS Information ProcessorTT&CTelemetry, tracking and command satellite communicationsVCMVariable Coding ModulationWMOWorld Meteorological Organization_______________ ................
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