TC 3-22.84 M3 Multi Role, Anti-Armor Anti-Personnel …

TC 3-22.84 M3 Multi-Role, Anti-Armor Anti-Personnel Weapon System

JULY 2019

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Headquarters, Department of the Army

This publication is available at the Army Publishing Directorate site (), and the Central Army Registry site ()

Training Circular No. 3-22.84

TC 3-22.84

Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC, 18 July 2019

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5

Chapter 6

M3 Multi-Role, Anti-Armor Anti-Personnel Weapon System

Contents

Page

PREFACE..................................................................................................................vii

OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................. 1-1 Safe Weapons Handling.......................................................................................... 1-1 Rules of Firearms Safety ......................................................................................... 1-2 Weapon Safety Status............................................................................................. 1-3 Weapons Control Status.......................................................................................... 1-4

PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION............................................................................... 2-1 Description............................................................................................................... 2-1 Major Components .................................................................................................. 2-2 Cycle of Operation ................................................................................................. 2-14 Weapon Operation ................................................................................................ 2-19

AIMING DEVICES ................................................................................................... 3-1 Function ................................................................................................................... 3-1 Units of Angular Measurement ................................................................................ 3-1 MILS ........................................................................................................................ 3-2 Electromagnetic Spectrum ...................................................................................... 3-3 Aiming Sights........................................................................................................... 3-5

EMPLOYMENT ....................................................................................................... 4-1 Firing Events............................................................................................................ 4-1 Shot Process ........................................................................................................... 4-1 Functional Elements of the Shot Process ............................................................... 4-2 Target Acquisition .................................................................................................... 4-3

STABILITY .............................................................................................................. 5-1 Support .................................................................................................................... 5-1 Natural Point of Aim................................................................................................. 5-2 Shooter-gun Angle................................................................................................... 5-2 Field of View ............................................................................................................ 5-2 Carry Positions ........................................................................................................ 5-3 Firing Positions ........................................................................................................ 5-8

AIMING.................................................................................................................... 6-1 Common Engagements........................................................................................... 6-1 Weapon Orientation................................................................................................. 6-2 Sight Alignment ....................................................................................................... 6-4 Sight Picture ............................................................................................................ 6-4

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. i

Contents

Chapter 7

Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E

Point of Aim .............................................................................................................. 6-4 Desired Point of Impact............................................................................................6-4 Common Aiming Errors............................................................................................6-5

CONTROL ............................................................................................................... 7-1 Arc of Movement ......................................................................................................7-1 Trigger Control ......................................................................................................... 7-2 Breathing Control ..................................................................................................... 7-3 Workspace Management .........................................................................................7-3 Calling the Shot ........................................................................................................ 7-4 Follow-through ......................................................................................................... 7-4 Misfire ....................................................................................................................... 7-4

AMMUNITION......................................................................................................... A-1

BALLISTICS ........................................................................................................... B-1

COMPLEX ENGAGEMENTS ................................................................................. C-1

DRILLS ................................................................................................................... D-1

BORESIGHTING .................................................................................................... E-1

GLOSSARY ................................................................................................ Glossary-1

REFERENCES........................................................................................ References-1

INDEX ............................................................................................................... Index-1

Figures

Figure 1-1. Employment skills.......................................................................................................1-1 Figure 2-1. Major components ......................................................................................................2-2 Figure 2-2. Open sights ................................................................................................................ 2-3 Figure 2-3. Telescopic sight..........................................................................................................2-4 Figure 2-4. Picatinny fire control device........................................................................................2-4 Figure 2-5. Barrel with carrying handle ......................................................................................... 2-5 Figure 2-6. Venturi locking lever assembly...................................................................................2-6 Figure 2-7. Venturi locking lever projections.................................................................................2-6 Figure 2-8. Venturi closed cam plate of firing rod, unblocked ......................................................2-7 Figure 2-9. Venturi open?cam plate of firing rod, blocked............................................................2-8 Figure 2-10. Venturi ...................................................................................................................... 2-8 Figure 2-11. Shoulder pad ............................................................................................................ 2-9 Figure 2-12. Bipod ......................................................................................................................2-10 Figure 2-13. Firing mechanism assembly...................................................................................2-10 Figure 2-14. V-slide mounting bracket........................................................................................2-11 Figure 2-15. Front grip ................................................................................................................2-11 Figure 2-16. Basic issue items....................................................................................................2-12 Figure 217. Cycle of function, cocking ......................................................................................2-14 Figure 218. Cycle of function, unlocking...................................................................................2-15 Figure 2-19. Feeding...................................................................................................................2-15 Figure 2-20. Cycle of function, feeding, and chambering ...........................................................2-16

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Figure 221. Cycle of function, locking ...................................................................................... 2-16 Figure 2-22. Cycle of function, firing .......................................................................................... 2-17 Figure 2-23. Cycle of function, extracting................................................................................... 2-18 Figure 2-24. Cycle of function, ejecting ...................................................................................... 2-18 Figure 2-25. Clearing.................................................................................................................. 2-19 Figure 2-26. Clearing chamber................................................................................................... 2-20 Figure 2-27. Installation of telescopic sights .............................................................................. 2-20 Figure 2-28. Function check ....................................................................................................... 2-21 Figure 2-29. Function check, firing pin protruding ...................................................................... 2-22 Figure 3-1. Mils unit of measurement........................................................................................... 3-2 Figure 3-2. Electromagnetic spectrum ......................................................................................... 3-4 Figure 3-3. Telescopic reticle ....................................................................................................... 3-5 Figure 3-4. Thermal weapon sight reticle ..................................................................................... 3-5 Figure 3-5. Thermal weapon sight aim point for M3 fixed reticle ................................................. 3-6 Figure 3-6. Open sights ................................................................................................................ 3-7 Figure 3-7. Ammunition temperature index, open sights ............................................................. 3-8 Figure 3-8. Telescopic sight ......................................................................................................... 3-8 Figure 3-9. Ammunition temperature index, telescopic sights ..................................................... 3-9 Figure 3-10. Picatinny fire control device ................................................................................... 3-10 Figure 3-11. PFCD ammunition setting rings ............................................................................. 3-11 Figure 3-12. Thermal sight weapon............................................................................................ 3-11 Figure 3-13. Weapon thermal sights by version......................................................................... 3-12 Figure 3-14. Angular measurements using zeroing aim line and aim point, WFOV reticle ....... 3-14 Figure 3-15. Angular measurements using zeroing aim line and aim point, NFOV reticle ........ 3-14 Figure 3-16. Modular ballistic solution reticle, WFOV ................................................................ 3-15 Figure 3-17. Modular ballistic solution reticle, NFOV ................................................................. 3-15 Figure 3-18. Thermal weapon sight aim point for M3 fixed reticle ............................................. 3-16 Figure 3-19. M3 HEAT reticle, WFOV ........................................................................................ 3-17 Figure 3-20. M3 HEAT reticle, NFOV......................................................................................... 3-17 Figure 3-21. Technical data, AN/PEQ23 .................................................................................... 3-19 Figure 5-1. Stowed carry .............................................................................................................. 5-3 Figure 5-2. Sling carry .................................................................................................................. 5-4 Figure 5-3. Low ready .................................................................................................................. 5-5 Figure 5-4. Ready position ........................................................................................................... 5-6 Figure 5-5. Firing position stability................................................................................................ 5-7 Figure 5-6. Standing position ....................................................................................................... 5-8 Figure 5-7. Kneeling position........................................................................................................ 5-9 Figure 5-8. Sitting position.......................................................................................................... 5-10 Figure 5-9. Prone position .......................................................................................................... 5-11 Figure 6-1. Horizontal weapons orientation ................................................................................. 6-2 Figure 6-2. Vertical weapons orientation...................................................................................... 6-3

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Figure 7-1. Arc of movement ........................................................................................................7-1 Figure 7-2. Natural trigger finger placement .................................................................................7-2 Figure 7-3. Workspace..................................................................................................................7-3 Figure A-1. Backblast danger area .............................................................................................. A-4 Figure A-2. Major component of a complete cartridge ................................................................ A-6 Figure B-1. Internal ballistics terms ............................................................................................. B-2 Figure B-2. External ballistics terms ............................................................................................ B-2 Figure B-3. Trajectory .................................................................................................................. B-3 Figure C-1. Constant mil angle relationship................................................................................. C-4 Figure C-2. Frontal and flank dimension of BMP-2 ..................................................................... C-5 Figure C-3. First formula .............................................................................................................. C-6 Figure C-4. First formula, example .............................................................................................. C-6 Figure C-5. Speed estimation ...................................................................................................... C-8 Figure C-6. Telescopic sight, hold for moving target, HEDP 502 RS .......................................... C-9 Figure C-7. Open sight, hold for moving target, HEDP 502 RS .................................................. C-9 Figure C-8. Oblique target ......................................................................................................... C-10 Figure C-9. Wind effects ............................................................................................................ C-12 Figure C-10. Immediate hold locations for wind and lead ......................................................... C-13 Figure C-11. Wind hold 84-mm, HEDP 502 RS for a BMP-2 .................................................... C-14 Figure C-12. Compound wind and lead determination .............................................................. C-15 Figure C-13. HEAT 551C, moving target aiming adjustment .................................................... C-16 Figure C-14. HEAT 551C, telescopic sights .............................................................................. C-17 Figure C-15. HEAT 551C RS, moving, target aiming adjustment ............................................. C-17 Figure C-16. HEAT 551C RS, open sight .................................................................................. C-18 Figure C-17. HEDP 502 RS, telescopic sight, moving target aiming adjustment ...................... C-19 Figure C-18. HEDP 502 RS, open sights, moving target aiming adjustment ............................ C-20 Figure C-19. HEDP 502 RS, open sights .................................................................................. C-20 Figure C-20. ASM 509, aiming rules.......................................................................................... C-22 Figure C-21. HE 441D RS, impact on target ............................................................................. C-24 Figure C-22. HE 441D RS, airburst above target ...................................................................... C-24 Figure C-23. HE 441D RS, fuze setting..................................................................................... C-25 Figure C-24. ADM 401B............................................................................................................. C-26 Figure C-25. Fuze setting .......................................................................................................... C-27 Figure C-26. ILLUM 545C, PFCD luminous grooves ................................................................ C-28 Figure C-27. ILLUM 545C.......................................................................................................... C-29 Figure C-28. SMOKE 469B........................................................................................................ C-30 Figure E-1. Front disc.................................................................................................................. E-2 Figure E-2. Rear disc ................................................................................................................... E-2 Figure E-3. Rear sight elevation and azimuth adjustment ........................................................... E-4 Figure E-4. Telescopic sights ...................................................................................................... E-6 Figure E-5. Front and rear boresight disc .................................................................................... E-5

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Figure E-6. Boresight disc and telescopic sight alignment .......................................................... E-7 Figure E-7. Azimuth and elevation drums .................................................................................... E-8 Figure E-8. Open sights ammunition temperature adjustment .................................................... E-9 Figure E-9. Telescopic sights ammunition temperature adjustment .......................................... E-10

Tables

Table 1-1. Weapons safety status for M3 MAAWS...................................................................... 1-4 Table 1-2. Weapons control status, example............................................................................... 1-4 Table 2-1. Equipment technical data............................................................................................ 2-2 Table 2-2. Basic issue items ...................................................................................................... 2-13 Table 2-3. Loading ..................................................................................................................... 2-23 Table 2-4. Firing responsibilities................................................................................................. 2-23 Table 2-5. Unloading .................................................................................................................. 2-24 Table 3-1. Telescopic sights data................................................................................................. 3-9 Table 4-1. Shot process, example................................................................................................ 4-2 Table 7-1. Immediate action procedures...................................................................................... 7-5 Table 7-2. Remedial action procedures ....................................................................................... 7-5 Table 7-3. Troubleshooting procedures ....................................................................................... 7-6 Table A-1. Ammunition safe separation and fuze arming distances ............................................ A-2 Table A-2. Ammunition firing restrictions (rounds) ....................................................................... A-3 Table A-3. Ammunition color coding, 20 mm and larger .............................................................. A-5 Table A-4. Cartridge case assembly with propellant .................................................................... A-7 Table A-5. HE 441D RS, 84-mm cartridge ................................................................................... A-8 Table A-6. HE 441D RS, 84-mm projectile .................................................................................. A-9 Table A-7. HEDP 502 RS, 84-mm cartridge .............................................................................. A-10 Table A-8. HEDP 502 RS, 84-mm projectile .............................................................................. A-11 Table A-9. TPT 141, 84-mm cartridge........................................................................................ A-12 Table A-10. TPT 141, 84-mm projectile ..................................................................................... A-13 Table A-11. ADM 401/B, 84-mm cartridge ................................................................................. A-14 Table A-12. ADM 401, 84-mm projectile .................................................................................... A-15 Table A-13. ASM 509, 84-mm cartridge..................................................................................... A-16 Table A-14. ASM 509, 84-mm projectile .................................................................................... A-17 Table A-15. HEAT 551, 84-mm cartridge ................................................................................... A-18 Table A-16. HEAT 551, 84-mm projectile .................................................................................. A-19 Table A-17. HEAT 551C, 84-mm cartridge ................................................................................ A-20 Table A-18. HEAT 551C, 84-mm projectile ................................................................................ A-21 Table A-19. HEAT 751, 84-mm cartridge ................................................................................... A-22 Table A-20. HEAT 751, 84-mm projectile .................................................................................. A-23 Table A-21. ILLUM 545C, 84-mm cartridge ............................................................................... A-24 Table A-22. Illuminator 545C, 84-mm projectile......................................................................... A-25

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Contents

Table A-23. MT 756, 84-mm cartridge ....................................................................................... A-26 Table A-24. MT 756, 84-mm projectile ...................................................................................... A-27 Table A-25. SMOKE 469C, 84-mm cartridge ............................................................................ A-28 Table A-26. SMOKE 469C, 84-mm projectile ............................................................................ A-29 Table A-27. TPT 552, 84-mm cartridge ..................................................................................... A-30 Table A-28. TPT 552, 84-mm projectile..................................................................................... A-31 Table A-29. SCA 553B............................................................................................................... A-33 Table C-1. Recognition method ................................................................................................... C-2 Table C-2. Effect of target conditions on range estimation.......................................................... C-3 Table C-3. Dimensions and mil relation for various targets......................................................... C-5 Table C-4. HEDP 502 RS, loading and special handling .......................................................... C-21 Table C-5. ASM 509, loading and special handling................................................................... C-23 Table C-6. HE 411D RS, loading and special handling ............................................................. C-25 Table C-7. ILLUM 545C, loading and special handling ............................................................. C-28

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