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Preparation

Watch Evolution Crash Course Video

Write 3-5 paragraph summery or create a detailed concept map of the concepts covered in the video.

Review

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AP BIOLOGY EXAM REVIEW – Evolution

|PART 1 – Diversity & Unity of Life | |

|What do all organisms share? (structures, process, etc) | |

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|What do all eukaryotic organisms share? | |

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|Timeline of Big Events in the Evolution of Life on earth | |

4 bya 3 bya 2 bya 1 bya Present

-|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|

|PART 2 – Natural Selection | |

|What are components of Darwin’s natural selection? |[pic] |

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|Why is diversity better? How is it achieved? | |

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|How does the environment play a role in selection? |[pic] |

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|Why can’t you personally adapt? …but populations can? |[pic] |

| |[pic] |

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|Do random events matter? If so, how? |[pic] |

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|Does selection act on genotypes or phenotypes? |[pic] |

|Why? | |

|Does evolution (change over time) act on genes or | |

|traits? Why? | |

|Examples of phenotypes that increase fitness ( |[pic] |

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|Examples of phenotypes that decrease fitness ( | |

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|Examples of human impact on gene pools ( | |

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|PART 3 – Evidence Supporting Evolution | |

|Structural Evidence |[pic] |

|Homologies | |

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|Vestigial structures | |

|Biochemical/molecular evidence | |

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|Fossil evidence | |

|Isotope decay | |

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|Cladistics uses evidence to determine ancestry | |

|[pic] | |

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|PART 4 – Speciation | |

|How did we get all of these species? | |

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|Genetic Drift | |

|Bottleneck Effect | |

|Gene Flow | |

|Geographic Isolation - | |

|[pic] | |

|Reproductive Isolation – | |

|Pre-zygotic Barriers | |

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|Post-zygotic Barriers | |

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|PART 5 – Origin of Life | |

|Miller-Urey experiment | |

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|Possible Scenario: | |

AP BIOLOGY VOCABULARY CHECK - Evolution

|Natural selection |[pic] |[pic] |

|Competition |[pic] | |

|Fitness | |[pic] |

|Gene pool |[pic] | |

|Variation | |[pic] |

|Adaptation |[pic] |[pic] |

|Genetic drift |[pic] |[pic] |

|Gene flow | |[pic] |

|Bottleneck effect |[pic] | |

|Founder’s effect | | |

|Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium | | |

|Fossil | | |

|Isotope dating | | |

|Homologous structures | | |

|Vestigial structures | | |

|Analogous structures | | |

|Cladogram | | |

|Phylogeny | | |

|Speciation | | |

|Reproductive isolation | | |

|Geographic isolation | | |

|Allopatric speciation | | |

|Pre-zygotic barriers | | |

|Post-zygotic barriers | | |

|Convergent evolution | | |

|Divergent evolution | | |

PART 6 – Population Genetics (Hardy-Weinberg)

Assumptions: NO migration, NO mutation, NO selection; large pop size; random mating

The point of it all ( if there is a gene frequency change over time, then evolution (microevolution) is happening; will justify by calculating (or just interpreting) data

The Equations: p + q = 1 p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

~ determine whether they are talking about an ALLELE/GENE or a TRAIT/ORGANISM

~ make your key: fill in as much as you can from the given data

~ search for q or q2

~ double check what they are actually asking you for

Samples:

1) You have sampled a population in which you know that the percentage of the homozygous recessive genotype is 36%. (A) What is the frequency of the dominant allele? (B) If this population has 1000 individuals, how many are heterozygotes?

2) The following data was collected from a population of plants over a 50 year period. The numbers indicate the gene frequency for each allele.

|Gene |1974 |1984 |1994 |2004 |2014 |

|B |0.43 |0.42 |0.39 |0.38 |0.36 |

|b |0.57 |0.58 |0.61 |0.62 |0.64 |

(A) Is this population undergoing evolution? Justify your response.

(B) If the population in 2014 had 20,000 individuals, how many show the dominant phenotype?

Practice: Complete the Connections in Ancestral History Learnerator & the Lab 3 Learnerator

Complete the following Practice Problems

Evolution Practice Problems

2008 Q8

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2011 Form B Q4

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