AP BIOLOGY, 1st Semester Final Exam Review Sheet



AP BIOLOGY, 1st Semester Final Exam Review Sheet

Format: 100 Multiple Choice Scantron Questions + 1-2 Free Response Essays worth 25 pts. each

Ecology & Animal Behavior Unit

Global warming Ecosystem/Biome Systems biology approach (Primary Productivity lab)

Proximate vs. ultimate questions Adaptations (definition and the many different kinds)

Optimal foraging Altruism Symbiosis (the different kinds) Co-evolution Food webs/trophic levels (flow of energy diagram) Taxis vs. Kinesis (Lab) Learned Behavior Autotrophs vs. heterotrophs (herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, saprophytes)

Introduction(Themes of Life) + Unit 1 (Biochemistry)

Hierarchy of life What is life? (Capra) Eukaryote vs. Prokaryote

Natural selection Natural history strategies Darwinian (reproductive) success

Basic atomic chemistry (subatomic particle numbers and effect on nature of element)

Water’s structure-function connection-(emergence of properties

The Big Four: organic compound groups (carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids)

(know their basic elemental make-up, their monomers, and main functions (jobs they do)

(especially know proteins (primary to quaternary structure)

The Cell

The different organelles & their functions Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Plant vs. Animal

Cell membrane=fluid mosaic that acts as a selectively permeable membrane + what other functions Tonicity (hyper, hypo, and isotonic)( Diffusion Lab/Plasmolysis (Lab 1E)

Cell Communication (Reception, Transduction, Response) Chemotaxis

Cell Cycle/Division

Mitosis vs. Meiosis Diploid vs. Haploid Mitosis/Meiosis Lab (esp. crossing over frequencies)

Different phases of mitosis (Pro, Meta, Ana, & Telophase) DNA content/amount during cell cycle

What leads to genetic variability in organisms? Cell cycle and Cancer

Metabolism

Exergonic vs. Endergonic / Energy coupling with ATP Anabolic vs. Catabolic

Entropy/thermodynamics (How does catalase fit in with all this?) 2 Laws of thermodynmaics

ATP (in-depth) Graph interpretation involving Amount of Free Energy as Rxn proceeds

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration (how it all comes together) Redox Reactions

Genetics

Different kinds of inheritance patterns (Mendelian + NonMendelian)/Punnett Squares w/Probability

Lab w/ Drosphilia inheritance (Chi square) Karyotyping (Trisomy 21, Turner, Klinefelter)

Nondisjunction/Crossing Over DNA structure, replication Protein Synthesis (Central Dogma)

ESSAY Possibilities

1. Protein structure (all 4 levels) and how it relates to function (ex: enzymes, cell signal

pathways, membrane proteins).

2. Lab scenario involving Primary Productivity (net vs. gross) lab.

3. Cell communication (working together for the whole)

4. Using Chi square calculation to determine if cross results are acceptable (+ discussion)

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