AP Human Geography – Mr - Weebly



AP Human Geography Chapter 2 Study Guide - Rubenstein 10th EditionAP Standard Addressed : II. Population and Migration 13–17% of the examA. Geographical analysis of population1. Density, distribution, and scale2. Implications of various densities and distributions3. Composition: age, sex, income, education, and ethnicity4. Patterns of fertility, mortality, and healthB. Population growth and decline over time and space1. Historical trends and projections for the future2. Theories of population growth and decline, including the DemographicTransition Model3. Regional variations of demographic transition4. Effects of national population policies: promoting population growth insome countries or reducing fertility rates in others5. Environmental impacts of population change on water use, food supplies,biodiversity, the atmosphere, and climate6. Population and natural hazards: impacts on policy, economy, and societyChapter 2: Population (page 44)1. State three reasons the study of population is important:1.a.__________________________________________________________________________________1.b.__________________________________________________________________________________1.c.__________________________________________________________________________________2. Define demography:_________________________________________________________________2a. Define overpopulation: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2b.. In what regions of the world is overpopulation a problem?_________________________________Key Issue 1: Where is the World’s Population Distributed? (page 46)_____________________________________________________________________________________3. List the regions (areas) where most people live (e.g. near the coast):_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________-29210934720The world’s population is highly clustered, or concentrated in certain regions. FOUR major population concentrations are identified in the text. Shade and label the areas of these concentrations on the map in red. TWO smaller concentrations, or emerging clusters, are also identified. Shade and label these areas on the map in blue.4. The world’s population is clustered in four regions. List the regions in the first column of the table below; what fraction of the world’s population lives in that region in the second column; and do most people live in urban or rural areas of the country in the third column?RegionFraction of world population (ex; ?, ? )Do most people live in urban or rural areas?5. Define ecumene.:____________________________________________________________________6. State four reasons why certain regions of the world are sparsely populated:6.a.__________________________________________________________________________________6.b.__________________________________________________________________________________6.c.__________________________________________________________________________________6.d.__________________________________________________________________________________7. Define the following terms:7.a. Arithmetic density:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.b. Physiological density_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.c. Agricultural density______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Key Issue 2: Where Has the World’s Population Increased? (page 53) 8. Define the following terms:8.a. Crude birth rate (CBR):___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.b. Crude death rate (CDR):__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.c. Natural increase rate (NIR):________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.d. Doubling time:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.e. Total fertility rate (TFR):__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.f. Infant mortality rate:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.g. Life expectancy:_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Key Issue 3: Why is Population Increasing at Different Rates in Different Countries? (page 56)11. Name and describe the four stages of the demographic transition model:11.a. Stage 1:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11.b. Stage 2:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11.c. Stage 3:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11.d. Stage 4:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12. Draw and label each line of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) below:13. Describe what happened AND WHY in England in each of the four stages of the DTM:13.a. Stage 1:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13.b. Stage 2:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13.c. Stage 3:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13.d. Stage 4:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________14. What are two types of information provided by a population pyramid?0107315 14.a. _____________________________ _________________________________ __________________________________ 14.b. _____________________________ _________________________________ __________________________________15. Define sex ratio:____________________________________________________________________16. Draw and describe the population pyramid for each of the countries below:16.a. Cape Verde: Stage ____16.a.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________16.b. Chile: Stage ____16.b.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________16.c. Denmark: Stage ____16.c.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________17. In what stage of the DTM are most countries of the world? _________________________________18. Give two reasons why the death rate has dropped worldwide:18.a. Reason 1:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________18.b. Reason 2:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19. Why hasn’t the world’s crude birth rate (CBR) declined as well? Give two reasons:19.a. Reason 1:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19.b. Reason 2:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________20. Why is world population increasing rapidly? Give two reasons:19.a. Reason 1:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19.b. Reason 2:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Key Issue 4: Why Might the World Face an Overpopulation Problem? (page 66)20. Explain Thomas Malthus’s (1766 – 1834) view on world population and the future:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21. Explain two ways Neo-Malthusians have changed Malthus’s original theory:21.a.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21.b.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________22. Explain two criticisms of Malthus’s theory:22.a.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________22.b.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________23. Why didn’t Malthus’s views concerning world population come true?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________24. Describe two ways of reducing the natural increase rate (NIR):24.a.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________24.b._________________________________________________________________________________25. Define epidemiology:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________26. Briefly outline the different stages of the epidemiologic transition model:26a. Stage 1:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________26b. Stage 2: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________26c. Stage 3: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________26d. Stage 4: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________27. Medical researchers describe a possible Stage 5 of the ETM. What 3 reasons might explain its emergence?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________28. Why might geographers AND politicians concern themselves with the dependency ratio of a country/region? What trend might a growing/shrinking dependency ratio suggest? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________29. Know the following generations/terms NOT found in the text: Baby Boomers; Generation X; Generation Y; the Net Generation; the Slacker Generation; a cohort;30. In 2005, the median age of the world's population was about 28 years old. By 2050, what do you think it is estimated to be? A) 38.B) 22.31. Much is made of the Demographic Transition Model. It is based on the paths taken by developed core countries. How might this "slant and slight" developing nations? ................
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