AP Physics B – Practice Workbook – Book 2

AP Physics B ? Practice Workbook ? Book 2

Electricity and Magnetism, Waves and Optics, Modern Physics

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1) Copyright ? 1973-2009 College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved. College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, AP Central, AP Vertical Teams, APCD, Pacesetter, Pre-AP, SAT, Student Search Service, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board. PSAT/NMSQT is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and National Merit Scholarship Corporation. Educational Testing Service and ETS are registered trademarks of Educational Testing Service. Other products and services may be trademarks of their respective owners. 2) ? 1994-2009 AAPT Has a copyright or other licensing restriction.

Table of Contents

Chapter 10 Electrostatics

Electrostatics Multiple Choice .........................................................................................................5 Electrostatics Free Response..........................................................................................................43 Answers to Electrostatics Questions ..............................................................................................67

Chapter 11 Circuits

Circuits Multiple Choice................................................................................................................93 Circuits Free Response ................................................................................................................127 Answers to Circuits Questions.....................................................................................................147

Chapter 12 Magnetism and Induction

Magnetism and Induction Multiple Choice Section A ? Magnetostatics .............................................................................................169 Section B ? Induction.......................................................................................................181

Magnetism and Induction Free Response Section A ? Magnetostatics .............................................................................................189 Section B ? Induction.......................................................................................................209

Answers to Magnetism and Induction Questions ........................................................................219

Chapter 13 Waves and Optics

Waves and Optics Multiple Choice Section A ? Waves and Sound.........................................................................................247 Section B ? Physical Optics .............................................................................................255 Section C ? Geometric Optics..........................................................................................258

Waves and Optics Free Response Section A ? Waves and Sound.........................................................................................271 Section B ? Physical Optics .............................................................................................274 Section C ? Geometric Optics..........................................................................................280

Answers to Waves and Optics Questions ....................................................................................311

Chapter 14 Modern Physics

Modern Physics Multiple Choice Section A ? Quantum Physics and Atom Models............................................................353 Section B ? Nuclear Physics ............................................................................................359

Modern Physics Free Response Section A ? Quantum Physics and Atom Models............................................................365 Section B ? Nuclear Physics ............................................................................................380

Answers to Modern Physics Questions........................................................................................383

This book is a compilation of all the problems published by College Board in AP Physics B and AP Physics C that are appropriate for the AP B level as well as problems from AAPT's Physics Bowl and U.S. Physics Team Qualifying Exams organized by topic.

The problems vary in level of difficulty and type and this book represents an invaluable resource for practice and review and should be used... often. Whether you are struggling or confident in a topic, you should be doing these problems as a reinforcement of ideas and concepts on a scale that could never be covered in the class time allotted.

The answers as presented are not the only method to solving many of these problems and physics teachers may present slightly different methods and/or different symbols and variables in each topic, but the underlying physics concepts are the same and we ask you read the solutions with an open mind and use these differences to expand your problem solving skills.

Finally, we are fallible and if you find any typographical errors, formatting errors or anything that strikes you as unclear or unreadable, please let us know so we can make the necessary announcements and corrections.

Problems marked with an asterisk (*) are challenging problems that some would consider to be outside the scope of the course, but rely on the concepts taught within the course or they may require information taught in a later part of the course. These are for those students who wish to go beyond the level needed, but are not required for success in the AP B course.

Chapter 10 Electrostatics

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AP Physics Multiple Choice Practice ? Electrostatics

1. The electron volt is a measure of (A) charge (B) energy (C) impulse (D) momentum (E) velocity

2. A solid conducting sphere is given a positive charge Q. How is the charge Q distributed in or on the sphere? (A) It is concentrated at the center of the sphere. (B) It is uniformly distributed throughout the sphere. (C) Its density decreases radially outward from the center. (D) Its density increases radially outward from the center. (E) It is uniformly distributed on the surface of the sphere only.

3. A parallel?plate capacitor is charged by connection to a battery. If the battery is disconnected and the separation between the plates is increased, what will happen to the charge on the capacitor and the voltage across it? (A) Both remain fixed. (B) Both increase. (C) Both decrease. (D) The charge increases and the voltage decreases. (E) The charge remains fixed and the voltage increases.

Questions 4 ? 5. A point P is 0.50 meter from a point charge of 5.0 ? 10?8 coulomb.

4. The intensity of the electric field at point P is most nearly (A) 2.5 ? 10?8 N/C (B) 2.5 ? 101 N/C (C) 9.0 ? 102 N/C (D) 1.8 ? 103 N/C (E) 7.5 ? 108 N/C

5. The electric potential at point P is most nearly (A) 2.5 ? l0?8 V (B) 2.5 ? 101 V (C) 9.0 ? 102 V (D) 1.8 ? 103 V (E) 7.5 ? 103 V

6. One joule of work is needed to move one coulomb of charge from one point to another with no change in

velocity. Which of the following is true between the two points?

(A) The resistance is one ohm.

(B) The current is one ampere.

(C) The potential difference is one volt. (D) The electric field strength is one newton per coulomb.

(E) The electric field strength is one joule per electron.

Questions 7 ? 8

Two positive charges of magnitude q are each a distance d from the origin A of a coordinate system as shown above. 7. At which of the following points is the electric field least in magnitude? (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D (E) E 8. At which of the following points is the electric potential greatest in magnitude? (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D (E) E 9. A parallel?plate capacitor has a capacitance Co. A second parallel?plate capacitor has plates with twice the area and twice the separation. The capacitance of the second capacitor is most nearly (A) ?Co (B) ?Co (C) Co (D) 2Co (E) 4Co

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10. Two identical conducting spheres are charged to +2Q and ?Q. respectively, and are separated by a distance d

(much greater than the radii of the spheres) as shown above. The magnitude of the force of attraction on the left

sphere is F1. After the two spheres are made to touch and then are reseparated by distance d, the magnitude of the force on the left sphere is F2. Which of the following relationships is correct?

(A) 2F1 = F2 (B) F1 = F2 (C) F1 = 2F2 (D) Fl = 4F2

(E) F1 = 8 F2

11. The capacitance of a parallel?plate capacitor can be increased by increasing which of the following? (A) The distance between the plates (B) The charge on each plate (C) The area of the plates (D) The potential difference across the plates (E) None of the above

12. An electron volt is a measure of

(A) energy

(B) electric field

(D) force per unit electron charge

(C) electric potential due to one electron (E) electric charge

Questions 13 ? 14 An electron is accelerated from rest for a time of 10?9 second by a uniform electric field that exerts a force of 8.0 x 10?15 newton on the electron.

13. What is the magnitude of the electric field? (A) 8.0 ? 10?24 N/C (B) 9.1 ? 10?22 N/C (C) 8.0 ? 10?6 N/C (D) 2.0 ? 10?5 N/C (E) 5.0 ? 104 N/C

14. The speed of the electron after it has accelerated for the 10?9 second is most nearly

(A) 101 m/s (B) 103 m/s (C) 105 m/s

(D) 107 m/s

(E) 109 m/s

15. A hollow metal sphere of radius R is positively charged. Of the following distances from the center of the sphere, which location will have the greatest electric field strength? (A) 0 (center of the sphere) (B) 3R/2 (C) 5R/4 (D) 2R (E) None of the above because the field is of constant strength

16. Two isolated charges, + q and ? 2q, are 2 centimeters apart. If F is the magnitude of the force acting on charge

?2Q, what are the magnitude and direction of the force acting on charge +q?

Magnitude

Direction

(A) (1/2) F

Toward charge ? 2q

(B) 2 F

Away from charge ?2q

(C) F

Toward charge ? 2q

(D) F

Away from charge ? 2q

(E) 2F

Toward charge ? 2q

17. Charges + Q and ? 4Q are situated as shown above. The net electric field is zero nearest which point?

(A) A

(B) B

(C) C

(D) D

(E) E

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