AP Psychology - East Lyme Public Schools



AP Psychology

Study Guide

Chapter 9 Memory

Key Terms

Using your own words, on this paper write a brief definition or explanation of each of the following.

Memory

Flashbulb memory

Encoding

Storage

Retrieval

Sensory memory

Short-term memory

Long-term memory

Automatic processing

Effortful processing

Rehearsal

Spacing effect

Serial Position effect

Visual encoding

Acoustic encoding

Semantic encoding

Imagery

Mnemonics

Chunking

Iconic memory

Echoic memory

Long-term potentiation (LTP)

Amnesia

Implicit memory

Explicit memory

Hippocampus

Recall

Recognition

Relearning

Priming

Déjà vu

Mood-congruent memory

Proactive interference

Retroactive interference

Repression

Misinformation effect

Source amnesia

Questions

The Phenomenon of Memory (pp.344-346)

1. Explain memory in terms of information processing.

Encoding: Getting Information In (pp. 347-354)

1. Explain the process of encoding, and distinguish between automatic and effortful.

2. Discuss the importance of rehearsal, spacing, and serial position in encoding.

3. Explain the importance of meaning, imagery, and organization in the encoding process.

Storage: Retaining Information (pp. 354-361)

1. Distinguish between iconic and echoic memory.

2. Describe memory capacity and duration.

3. Discuss research findings on the physical basis of memory.

4. Discuss what research with amnesia victims and animal conditioning reveals about the brain mechanisms involved in the dual explicit-implicit memory system.

Retrieval: Getting Information Out (pp. 361-365)

1. Contrast recall, recognition, and relearning measures of memory.

2. Describe the importance of retrieval cues, noting the effects of priming, contexts, and moods on retrieval.

Forgetting (pp. 365-371)

1. Broadly describe Schacter’s seven sins of memory as a categorization of the ways in which we forget.

2. Discuss forgetting as either a form of encoding failure or storage decay.

3. Discuss the roles of interference and motivated forgetting in the process of retrieval failure.

Memory Construction 9pp. 372-381)

1. Discuss the evidence for memory’s being constructive.

2. Identify several ways in which real memories differ from false memories, and discuss whether children are credible eyewitnesses.

3. Explain why memory researchers are suspicious of claims of long-repressed memories “recovered” with the aid of a therapist.

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