A Writer’s Reference 4e/5e Comparison
The Bedford Handbook (Hacker/Sommers)
Moving from the Eighth Edition to the Ninth Edition
If you currently use the eighth edition of The Bedford Handbook, this document can help you adapt your teaching materials easily to the ninth edition. Contact Michelle Clark (mclark@) or Kylie Paul (kpaul@) with questions.
|Section |Page in 8/e |Page in 9/e |What’s New |
| | | | |
|Introduction: A Letter from the Author |— |1 |New student introduction |
| | | | |
|PART I. THE WRITING PROCESS |1 |9 |p. 10: Becoming a College Writer: Choose topics you care about |
| | | |New “As you write” writing activities in the e-Pages help students apply handbook advice to their own writing |
|1. Exploring, planning, and drafting |2 |11 |p. 12: New focus on “genre” in the Checklist for Assessing the Writing Situation |
|(“Generate ideas and sketch a plan” in 8/e) | | |p. 19: New subsection: “Genre” |
| | | |p. 37: New subsection: “When to use an informal outline” |
| | | |p. 41: New box: “Strategies for drafting an introduction” |
| | | |p. 43, 46: New subsections: “Adding visuals as you draft” and “Considering design as you draft” |
| | | |pp. 44-45: New table: “Choosing visuals to suit your purpose” |
| | | |p. 47: New box: “Strategies for drafting a conclusion” |
| | | |p. 48: New section: “Manage your files” |
|2. Revising, editing, and reflecting |35 |49 |p. 56: Becoming a College Writer: Form a community of readers around you |
|(“Make global revisions; then revise sentences” in 8/e) | | |p. 57: New section: “Develop strategies for revising with comments” |
| | | |p. 67: New box: “Excerpt from an online peer review session” |
| | | |p. 74: New box: “Creating a personal editing log” |
| | | |p. 74: New section: “Student writing: literacy narrative,” including new sample student essay |
| | | |p. 84: New Writing Guide: Literacy Narrative |
| | | |p. 87: New sample reflective letter for a portfolio |
| | | |p. 90: New Writing Guide: Reflective Letter |
|3. Building effective paragraphs |62 |93 | |
| | | | |
|PART II. ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING |85 |107 |p. 108: Becoming a College Writer: Engage with the texts you read |
|4. Reading and writing critically |86 |109 |p. 110: New subsections: “Previewing a text” and “Annotating a text” |
|(Writing about texts” in 8/e) | | |p. 112: New subsection: “Conversing with a text” |
| | | |p. 114: New box: “Guidelines for active reading” |
| | | |p. 115: New subsection: “Asking the ‘So what?’ question” |
| | | |p. 117: New box: “Reading online” |
| | | |p. 119, p. 121: New subsections: “Balancing summary with analysis” and “Drafting an analytical thesis |
| | | |statement” |
| | | |p. 122: New Writing Guide: Analytical Essay |
|5. Reading and writing about images and multimodal texts |— |127 |New chapter |
|6. Reading and writing arguments |104, 118 |141 |p. 142: Becoming a College Writer: Consider counterarguments |
|(Combined from Ch. 5, “Writing arguments,” and Ch. 6, | | |p. 151: New box: “Evaluating ethical, logical, and emotional appeals as a reader” |
|“Evaluating arguments,” in 8/e) | | |p. 155: New box: “Checklist for reading and evaluating arguments” |
| | | |p. 158: New box: “Using ethical, logical, and emotional appeals as a writer” |
| | | |p. 163: New subsection: “Using visuals” |
| | | |p. 168: New example student essay |
| | | |p. 174: New Writing Guide: Constructing an Argument |
|7. Reading and writing about literature |589 |176 |p. 178: New box: “Conversation about a subject” |
|(Ch. 55 “Writing about literature” in 8/e) | | |Coverage from 8th edition Chapter 7, “Writing in the disciplines,” has been moved to Part XI (p. 789). |
| | | | |
|PART III. CLEAR SENTENCES |141 |199 |Some exercise items have moved to the e-Pages. |
| | | |New: LearningCurve game-like adaptive quizzes. Visit bedhandbook. |
|8. Prefer active verbs. |142 |200 | |
|9. Balance parallel ideas. |147 |204 |p. 205, p. 206: New subsections: “Headings” and “Lists” |
|10. Add needed words. |151 |209 | |
|11. Untangle mixed constructions. |156 |214 | |
|12. Repair misplaced and dangling modifiers. |160 |218 | |
|13. Eliminate distracting shifts. |169 |226 | |
|14. Emphasize key ideas. |176 |232 | |
|15. Provide some variety. |191 |245 | |
| | | | |
|PART IV. WORD CHOICE |197 |251 | |
|16. Tighten wordy sentences. |198 |252 | |
|17. Choose appropriate language. |203 |257 | |
|18. Find the exact words. |216 |269 | |
| | | | |
|PART V. GRAMMATICAL SENTENCES |225 |277 | |
|19. Repair sentence fragments. |226 |278 | |
|20. Revise run-on sentences. |235 |286 | |
|21. Make subjects and verbs agree. |243 |295 | |
|22. Make pronouns and antecedents agree. |256 |307 | |
|23. Make pronoun references clear. |263 |313 | |
|24. Distinguish between pronouns such as I and me. |268 |319 | |
|25. Distinguish between who and whom. |275 |326 | |
|26. Choose adjectives and adverbs with care. |280 |330 | |
|27. Choose appropriate verb forms, tenses, and moods in |288 |338 | |
|standard English. | | | |
| | | | |
|PART VI. MULTILINGUAL WRITERS AND ESL CHALLENGES |309 |357 | |
|28. Verbs |310 |358 | |
|29. Articles |327 |375 | |
|30. Sentence structure |337 |386 | |
|31. Prepositions and idiomatic expressions |348 |396 | |
| | | | |
|PART VII. PUNCTUATION |353 |401 | |
|32. The comma |354 |402 | |
|33. Unnecessary commas |372 |417 | |
|34. The semicolon |379 |422 | |
|35. The colon |384 |427 | |
|36. The apostrophe |387 |429 | |
|37. Quotation marks |392 |434 |p. 435: New subsection: “Exception: indirect quotations” |
|38. End punctuation |400 |442 | |
|39. Other punctuation marks |403 |444 | |
| | | | |
|PART VIII. MECHANICS |409 |449 | |
|40. Abbreviations |410 |450 |p. 451: New section: “Units of measurement” |
| | | |p. 452: New section: “Plural of abbreviations” |
|41. Numbers |413 |454 | |
|42. Italics |416 |456 | |
|43. Spelling |418 |459 | |
|44. The hyphen |428 |468 | |
|45. Capitalization |432 |472 | |
| | | | |
|PART IX. GRAMMAR BASICS |747 |477 | |
|(Part XI in 8/e) | | | |
|46. Parts of speech |748 |478 | |
|(Ch. 61 in 8/e) | | | |
|47. Sentence patterns |763 |490 | |
|(Ch. 62 in 8/e) | | | |
|48. Subordinate word groups |773 |499 | |
|(Ch. 63 in 8/e) | | | |
|49. Sentence types |785 |509 | |
|(Ch. 64 in 8/e) | | | |
| | | | |
|PART X. RESEARCHED WRITING |437 |513 |p. 514: Becoming a College Writer: Join a research conversation |
|(Part IX in 8/e) | | | |
|50. Thinking like a researcher, gathering sources |438 |515 |p. 515: New section: “Manage the project” |
|(Ch. 46 “Conducting research” in 8/e) | | |p. 518: New box: “Thinking like a researcher” |
| | | |p. 520: New subsection: “Finding an entry point in a research conversation” |
| | | |p. 523: New section: “Search efficiently; master a few shortcuts to finding good sources” |
| | | |p. 526: New image: “Check URLs for clues about sponsorship” |
| | | |p. 527: New box: “Tips for smart searching” |
| | | |p. 528: New section: “Conduct field research, if appropriate” |
|51. Managing information; taking notes responsibly |478 |530 | |
|(Ch. 48 “Managing information; avoiding plagiarism” in 8/e) | | | |
|52. Evaluating sources |462 |538 |p. 539: New box: “Viewing evaluation as a process” |
|(Ch. 47 in 8/e) | | |p. 552: New subsection: “Assessing multimodal sources with your research question in mind” |
| | | |p. 553: New section: “Construct an annotated bibliography” |
| | | |p. 554: New Writing Guide: Annotated Bibliography |
|Writing MLA Papers |491 |556 | |
|53. Supporting a thesis (MLA) |492 |557 | |
|(Ch. 50 in 8/e) | | | |
|54. Citing sources; avoiding plagiarism (MLA) |498 |563 |p. 569: Becoming a College Writer: Provide context for sources |
|(Ch. 51 in 8/e) | | | |
|55. Integrating sources (MLA) |504 |570 | |
|(Ch. 52 in 8/e) | | | |
|56. MLA documentation style |517 |582 |Citation guidelines and models throughout chapter have been updated, expanded, and reorganized. |
|(Ch. 53 in 8/e) | | |p. 601: New table: “General guidelines for the works cited list” |
| | | |pp. 604-605: New box: “How to answer the basic question ‘Who is the author?’” |
| | | |pp. 638-639: New box: “How to cite course materials” |
| | | |pp. 642-643: New box: “How to cite a source reposted from another source” |
|57. MLA manuscript format; sample research paper |569 |652 | |
|(Ch. 54 in 8/e) | | | |
|Writing APA Papers |621 |662 |This section has been divided into several chapters, as shown below. |
|58. Supporting a thesis (APA) |621 |663 | |
|(Section 56a in 8/e) | | | |
|59. Citing sources; avoiding plagiarism (APA) |625 |666 | |
|(Section 56b in 8/e) | | | |
|60. Integrating sources (APA) |629 |671 | |
|(Section 56c in 8/e) | | | |
|61. APA documentation style |638 |680 |Citation guidelines and models throughout chapter have been updated, expanded, and reorganized. |
|(Section 56d in 8/e) | | |pp. 692-693: New table: “General guidelines for the reference list” |
|62. APA manuscript format; sample APA research paper |669, 673 |723 |p. 724: New subsection: “Footnotes” |
|(Sections 56e and 56f in 8/e) | | | |
|Writing Chicago Papers |685 |739 | |
|63. Chicago Papers |685 |739 |pp. 757- 779: Citation guidelines and models have been updated, expanded, and reorganized. |
|(Ch. 57 in 8/e) | | |pp. 760-761: Citation at a glance: Book |
| | | |pp. 766-767: Citation at a glance: Article in a journal |
| | | |pp. 768-769: Citation at a glance: Article from a database |
| | | |pp. 772-773: Citation at a glance: Letter in a published collection |
| | | |pp. 776-777: Citation at a glance: Primary source from a Web site |
| | | | |
|PART XI. WRITING IN THE DISCIPLINES |129 |789 | |
|(Ch. 7 in 8/e) | | | |
|64. Learning to write in a discipline |129 |790 | |
|(Sections 7a – 7e in 8/e) | | | |
|65. Approaching writing assignments in the disciplines |135 |797 |Expanded descriptions of typical writing assignments in various disciplines. |
|(Section 7f “Responding to writing assignments in the | | | |
|disciplines” in 8/e) | | | |
| | | | |
|Appendix: A document design gallery |727 |805 |Streamlined coverage of academic and business formats. |
|(Part X “Document Design” in 8/e) | | | |
|Glossary of Usage |789 |818 | |
|Answers to Lettered Exercises |804 |836 | |
|Index |821 |855 | |
The Bedford Handbook (Hacker/Sommers)
Exercise Conversion
The Bedford Handbook, Ninth Edition is part of an integrated media package.
Throughout the book, cross-references direct students to additional material in the integrated media. The “e” icon and the checkmark icon indicate exercises, quizzes, models, and activities available at bedhandbook.
5 & 5 = In the 8/e, this exercise featured 10 items. In the 9/e, 5 items are in the print book, and 5 items are in the e-Pages.
All exercises not marked 5 & 5 are unchanged from the 8/e.
|Exercise |Page in |Page in |Status |
| |8/e |9/e | |
|Part I: The Writing Process | | | |
|Exercise 1-1 |13 |24 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 1-2 |13 |24 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 1-4 (Exercise 1-3 in 8/e) |31 |36 | |
|Exercise 3-1 |66 |90 | |
| | | | |
|Part II: Academic Reading and Writing | | | |
|Exercise 6-1 |128 |155 |5 & 5 |
| | | | |
|Part III: Clear Sentences | | | |
|Exercise 8-1 |146 |203 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 9-1 |150 |209 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 10-1 |155 |213 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 11-1 |159 |217 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 12-1 |164 |222 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 12-4 (Exercise 12-2 in 8/e) |168 |225 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 13-1 |171 |227 | |
|Exercise 13-2 |172 |228 | |
|Exercise 13-5 (Exercise 13-3 in 8/e) |175 |231 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 13-6 (Exercise 13-4 in 8/e) |175 |232 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 14-1 |181 |238 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 14-2 |183 |239 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 14-8 (Exercise 14-3 in 8/e) |185 |240 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 14-10 (Exercise 14-4 in 8/e) |188 |242 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 15-1 |195 |249 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 15-2 |196 |250 | |
| | | | |
|Part IV: Word Choice | | | |
|Exercise 16-1 |202 |255 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 16-2 |203 |256 | |
|Exercise 17-1 |206 |259 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 17-2 |207 |260 | |
|Exercise 17-5 (Exercise 17-3 in 8/e) |211 |264 | |
|Exercise 17-6 (Exercise 17-4 in 8/e) |214 |267 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 17-7 (Exercise 17-5 in 8/e) |215 |267 | |
|Exercise 18-1 |217 |270 | |
|Exercise 18-2 |219 |271 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 18-5 (Exercise 18-3 in 8/e) |220 |273 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 18-8 (Exercise 18-4 in 8/e) |223 |276 |5 & 5 |
| | | | |
|Part V: Grammatical Sentences | | | |
|Exercise 19-1 |233 |285 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 19-2 |234 |286 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 20-1 |241 |293 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 20-2 |242 |293 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 20-3 |243 |294 | |
|Exercise 21-1 (21-2 in 8/e) |255 |306 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 21-2 (21-1 in 8/e) |254 |306 | |
|Exercise 22-1 |261 |312 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 22-2 |262 |313 | |
|Exercise 23-1 |266 |318 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 23-2 |267 |318 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 24-1 |273 |324 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 24-2 |274 |325 | |
|Exercise 25-1 |279 |329 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 26-1 |286 |336 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 26-2 |287 |337 | |
|Exercise 27-1 |293 |343 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 27-5 (Exercise 27-2 in 8/e) |299 |349 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 27-9 (Exercise 27-3 in 8/e) |307 |356 |5 & 5 |
| | | | |
|Part VI: Multilingual Writers and ESL Challenges | | | |
|Exercise 28-1 |314 |365 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 28-4 (Exercise 28-2 in 8/e) |315 |368 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 28-7 (Exercise 28-3 in 8/e) |323 |371 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 28-10 (Exercise 28-4 in 8/e) |326 |375 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 29-1 |335 |385 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 29-2 |336 |386 | |
|Exercise 30-1 |341 |390 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 30-4 (Exercise 30-2 in 8/e) |343 |392 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 30-7 (Exercise 30-3 in 8/e) |345 |394 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 30-10 (Exercise 30-4 in 8/e) |346 |395 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 31-1 |348 |396 |5 & 5 |
| | | | |
|Part VII: Punctuation | | | |
|Exercise 32-1 |356 |404 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 32-2 |357 |405 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 32-5 (Exercise 32-3 in 8/e) |360 |407 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 32-6 (Exercise 32-4 in 8/e) |360 |407 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 32-9 (Exercise 32-5 in 8/e) |365 |411 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 32-11 (Exercise 32-6 in 8/e) |371 |416 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 32-12 (Exercise 32-7 in 8/e) |371 |416 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 33-1 |377 |421 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 33-2 |378 |422 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 34-1 |382 |426 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 34-2 |383 |426 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 35-1 |386 |429 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 36-1 |391 |433 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 36-2 |391 |433 | |
|Exercise 37-1 |398 |440 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 37-2 |399 |441 | |
|Exercise 38-1 |402 |444 | |
|Exercise 39-1 |407 |448 |5 & 5 |
| | | | |
|Part VIII: Mechanics | | | |
|Exercise 40-1 |412 |453 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 41-1 |415 |455 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 42-1 |418 |458 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 43-1 |427 |467 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 44-1 |431 |471 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 45-1 |436 |476 |5 & 5 |
| | | | |
|Part IX: Grammar Basics (Part XI in 8/e) | | | |
|Exercise 46-1 (Exercise 61-1 in 8/e) |748 |479 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 46-5 (Exercise 61-2 in 8/e) |750 |482 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 46-9 (Exercise 61-3 in 8/e) |754 |484 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 46-13 (Exercise 61-4 in 8/e) |756 |486 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 47-1 (Exercise 62-1 in 8/e) |766 |493 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 47-5 (Exercise 62-2 in 8/e) |770 |496 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 47-6 (Exercise 62-3 in 8/e) |770 |496 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 48-1 (Exercise 63-1 in 8/e) |775 |501 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 48-6 (Exercise 63-2 in 8/e) |779 |504 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 48-10 (Exercise 63-3 in 8/e) |784 |509 |5 & 5 |
|Exercise 49-1 (Exercise 64-1 in 8/e) |787 |512 |5 & 5 |
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