Creating Your APA Reference List
APA Formatting: Internet Sites
When you cite information from an article on a website, you need to find the following information:
|Name of Author(s) |
|Date of Posting/Publication |
|Title of Article |
|Name of Website/online Magazine/Newspaper |
|Date of Access (the day you found the information) |
|Electronic URL Address (Web Address) |
Citing an article on a website
Author’s Last Name, Author’s First Name Initial. (Date of Posting/Publication). Title of Article. Name of Website/ Magazine/Newspaper. Retrieved from .
In-text Citations
When incorporating information taken from a source into your own written work, you must add an in-text citation directly after the quotation. An in-text citation includes the author’s last name and a page number.
|Type and Description of Quote |Example of Quoting and In-text Citation |
|A Direct Quote: When you take the exact words from a source |According to Dr. Brown, “Students today must improve their reading, |
|and incorporate that information into your writing. |writing, and arithmetic skills to be ahead of the pack” (Brown, 1997, |
| |55). |
|A Paraphrased/ Summarized Quote: When you incorporate |According to Dr. Brown, literacy and basic math skills are essential |
|idea(s) from a source into your own work, but change the |for students to be successful (Brown, 1997, 55). |
|words and condense the quote | |
APA Formatting: Books
When you cite information from a book, you need to find the following information:
|Name of Author(s) |
|Publication Year (most recent year) |
|Title of Book |
|City of Publication (pick closest location) |
|Name of Publisher |
Citing a book
Author’s Last Name, Author’s First Name Initial. (Publication Year).
Title of Book. City of Publication: Publisher.
In-text (Embedded) Citations
When incorporating information taken from a source into your own written work, you must add an in-text citation directly after the quotation. An in-text citation includes the author’s last name, year of publication and a page number.
|Type and Description of Quote |Example of Quoting and In-text Citation |
|A Direct Quote: When you take the exact words from a source |According to Dr. Brown, “Students today must improve their reading, |
|and incorporate that information into your writing. |writing, and arithmetic skills to be ahead of the pack” (Brown, 1997, |
| |p.55). |
|A Paraphrased/ Summarized Quote: When you incorporate ideas |According to Dr. Brown, literacy and basic math skills are essential |
|from a source into your own work, but change the words and |for students to be successful (Brown, 1997, p.55). |
|condense the quote. | |
APA CITATION
BOOK – APA
Ingpen, R., & Hayes, B. (1999). Folk tales & fables of Europe. New York, NY: Chelsea House.
BOOK – UP TO 7 AUTHORS - APA
Plumb, D., Ritter, B., James, E., & Hirsch, A.J. (1999). Science 9. Scarborough, ON: Nelson.
BOOK – NO AUTHOR - APA
The lottery. (1732). London, UK: J. Watts.
ARTICLE, ESSAY, OR PART OF A BOOK - APA
Anderson, D. (1975). Real women in fiction, where are you? In E. McCullough (Ed.), The role of women in Canadian literature (pp. 83-88). Toronto, ON: MacMillan.
ONLINE ELECTRONIC SOURCES - APA
WEBSITES - APA
Breiding, D. H. (2009). Fashion in European armor. Retrieved from
V.Y.V. Productions (Producer). (2008, April 16). Mark Rivard skateboard art [ Video file]. Retrieved from
ONLINE ARTICLE DATABASE - APA
Marano, H.E. (2006, June). Class dismissed. Psychology Today, 39(3), 94-101. Retrieved
ONLINE ENCYCLOPEDIA - APA
Marsh, J. H. (2006). Red Crow. In The Canadian encyclopedia. Retrieved from
E-BOOK - APA
Frost, R. (1915). North of Boston. (3rd ed.). Retrieved from
General formatting rules for both MLA & APA:
1. Arrange your final list in alphabetical order using the first letter of each entry: the last name of the first author, or the first letter of the title if no author is given (ignore The, A, An at the beginning of a title).
2. Do not number your list.
3. Do not use headings – “Books”, “Magazines” etc.
4. Double space all citations, with a hanging indent to indent the second line 5 spaces. In Word, go to Format > Paragraph > Indentation > Hanging, and Spacing > Double. Keep typing each entry until the end of each line before pressing “enter” to start a new entry.
5. The punctuation should appear exactly as shown in the examples above. It differs between MLA and APA.
|Investigate like a pro: |
|A guide to good sources for Grade 9 Science |
|Good research starts with good sources – no random student websites or wiki sites for you! Choose trusted sources on databases to |
|make sure that the info you get is correct and helpful. |
|1 |[pic] | |
| | |Go to mpclibrary.ca |
| | | |
| | |Under Library Resources, click Virtual Library |
|2 |[pic] | |
| | |Click the Search square |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
|3 |[pic] | Under Grade, select 9-12. |
| | | |
| | |Under Subject, select Science |
| | | |
| | |Read over the list of sources that comes up. |
| | | Choose the ones that best suit your needs and |
| | |search them. Good starts are Greenfile |
| | |and Science Reference Center |
APA CITATION PRACTICE
Internet Source:
______________________________________________________________________
Author’s Last Name, First Initial. (Year, Month Day published). Title of Article.
________________________________________________________________ Name of Website. Retrieved from .
In-text looks like: (_________________________________)
Author’s Last Name, Year
APA CITATION PRACTICE
Internet Source:
______________________________________________________________________
Author’s Last Name, First Initial. (Year, Month Day published). Title of Article.
________________________________________________________________ Name of Website. Retrieved from .
In-text looks like: (_________________________________)
Author’s Last Name, Year
-----------------------
If the posting date is absent put (n.d.) in its place to show ‘no date’
If other information is missing, don’t fret. Just skip to the next criteria.
Whenever you run out of room on the line, continue the next word/ criteria on the next line. Do not split a word or a web address (if possible).
Indent 5 spaces at the start of the second (and third) line(s)
The date format is:
Year, Month Day
i.e.) (2003, May 10)
Author’s Last Name, Date of Publication and Page #
If any information is missing, don’t fret. Just skip to the next criteria.
Whenever you run out of room on the line, continue the next word/ criteria on the next line. Do not split a word or a web address (if possible).
For books with 2 to 6 authors follow this format:
(1st) Author’s Last Name, First Name Initial, (2nd Author’s)
Author’s Last Name, First Name Initial, (3rd Author’s) Author’s Last Name, First Name Initial, etc.
For example: Jones, R., Dunn, M., & Hayes, B.
Indent 5 spaces at the start of the second (and third) line(s)
Author’s Last Name, Date of Publication and page #
Unique elements of an APA citation:
All author names are inverted: last name, comma, first initials.
• Include up to 7 authors per citation. If more than 8, list the first 6, comma, then ellipses … then the last author.
• The publication date is in parentheses right after the author’s name. Use a comma between month and day.
Article titles are not in quotation marks and are not in italics.
Main titles are in italics (books, periodicals, websites).
• Only the first word, proper nouns and words after a colon are capitalized in article and book titles in the Reference List, but all main title words are capitalized when typed in the body of the text.
Periodical (magazine) titles are capitalized and in italics.
“&” replaces “and” between names.
Website citations include “Retrieved from” followed by the URL.
APA Embedded Citations:
Surname of author(s), date. Include up to 5 authors per work.
Include page numbers for direct quotes; use p. or pp.
Exs: (Jones, 2010) (Smith, 2008, p. 8).
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