1 Foreword - World Bank
Guilin Integrated Environment Management Project of the World Bank Funded
Comprehensive Environment Impact Assessment Report
Prepared by: The Environment Protection Science Academy of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
Certificate No.: Guohuanpinzheng Jiazi No. 2902
Date: June 2014
Table of Contents
Abbreviations 1
1 Foreword 2
1.1 Overall Background of the Project 2
1.2 Overview of the Comprehensive Environment Assessment Report 3
1.3 Scope and Time Section of Environment Assessment, and the Environment Protection Targets 5
1.4 Environmental Impact Factors and Assessment Factors 7
1.5 Environmental Policy and Rule Documents 9
2 Project Descriptions 14
2.1 Project Composition, Investment and Implementation Schedule 14
2.2 Project Investment and Fund Raising 18
2.3 Technical Features 18
2.4 The Project Organization Agencies & Implementation Agencies 44
2.5 Due Diligence Study of the Linked Projects 45
3 Current Environmental & Social Status 47
3.1 Overview of the Natural Environment 47
3.2 Social Overview 52
3.3 Current Status and Plan of Water Supply 54
3.4 Current Status and Planning of Drainage System 58
3.5 Current Sludge Disposal Status and Plan 67
3.6 Survey and Assessment on Current Environment Quality 71
3.7 Major Environmental Sensitive Points 97
4 Environmental Impact Assessments 102
4.1 Environmental Impact of Construction Period 102
4.2 Environmental Impact Analysis in the Operation Period 114
4.3 Environmental Risk Assessment 126
4.4 Accumulated Impact Analysis 129
4.5 Long-term Impacts of Sludge Utilization 131
4.6 Application of World Bank’s Environment, Health and Sanitation Guidelines 133
5 Public Participation and Information Disclosure 136
5.1 Purposes, Methods and Scope 136
5.2 Information Disclosure 136
5.3 Public Participation Survey 144
6 The Analysis of the Alternative Options 159
6.1 Purposes and Principles of Comparative Analysis 159
6.2 Zero Option Analysis 159
6.3 The Analysis of the Alternative Options of Water Supply Component 161
6.4 Analysis of the Alternative Options of the Drainage Component 161
6.5 Comparative Analysis of Sludge Disposal Options 168
7 Environment and SOcial Management and Monitoring Plan 174
7.1 Environmental Management Plan 174
7.2 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures 175
7.3 Environment Monitoring Plan 175
7.4 Environment Management Training Plan 176
7.5 The Reporting Mechanism for the EMP 177
8 Environmental and SOcial Management FRAMEWORK FOR SLUDGE DISPOSAL COMPONENT 174
8.1 Location Criteria 174
8.2 EIA Perparation 175
8.3 Public Participation 175
8.4 Approval and Implementation 176
9 Conclusions 180
Abbreviations
(1) DC: Drainage Company
(2) DRC: Development and Reform Committee
(3) EA: Environment Assessment
(3) EHS: Environment Health Safety
(4) EIA: Environment Impact Assessment
(5) EP: Environment Protection
(6) EPA: Environment Protection Ageny
(7) EPB : Environment Protection Bureau
(8) PIU: Project Implementation Unit
(9) PMO: Project Management Office
(10) PS: Pumping Station
(11) WSC: Water Supply Company
(12) WWTP: Wastewater Treatment Plant
1 Foreword
1.1 Overall Background of the Project
1.1.1 Significance of the Project
Guilin is a world famous scenic tourist city and a famous historic and cultural city. The city is located in the northeast of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, at the south end of Hunan-Guilin Corridor, and borders Hunan Province in the east and north. Hunan-Guilin Railway runs through the Lijiang River, Guizhou-Guangzhou Express Railway in construction passes through the whole city, and national highways 321, 322 and 323 pass by the city. Located at 109°36′~111°29′ east longitude and 24°15′~26°23′ north latitude, the city has an average latitude of 150m, and its north and south sides have a common boundary with Hunan Province, its west and southwest sides are connected with Laibin City, and its south and southeast sides are connected with Wuzhou City and Hezhou City.
At present, Guilin has a population of around 750,000 in downtown area, and a financial revenue of around RMB Y12 billion. According to the spirit of the Decision on Accelerating to Promote the Leap-forward Development of the Autonomous Region’s Urbanization and the supporting document (GZ [2011] No. 30) and the Outline of Overall Urban Planning of Guilin (2010-2020) promulgated by Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Party Committee and People’s Government, Guilin will grow into a megalopolis with an urban population of up to 12,000,000, and completed urban area of around 100 km2 in the upcoming 5 years. In order to realize this objective, we must strengthen the construction of municipal infrastructure, provide guarantee for the city’s development, and raise the bearing capacity of infrastructure.
According to the Statistical Yearbook 2008-2012 of Guilin, the tourist population in the city increased from 8,577,000 persons in 2008 to 13,610,000 persons in 2012, maintaining a growth rate of 8%~19%, and annual average growth rate of 11.67%. Obviously, the tourist population in urban area of Guilin has grown stably year after year. The master planning determines the nature of this city to be: an international scenic tourist city, national famous historic and cultural city, China’s landscape city, and regional center city in the north of Guilin and in surrounding areas. Along with the constant perfection of urban construction and supporting service facilities, as well as the expansion of Liangjiang International Airport, tourist population will further grow in future.
According to the Communique of Guilin Environmental Status 2012, the water quality of the Lijiang River was good in Xing’an County section, Lingchuan County section, urban area section, and Yangsuo County section etc. The concentration of pollutants was at a relatively low level, and various monitoring and assessment indicators were completely up to standard. The water quality of other trunk and branch streams was also up to standard. As concerning the water quality of the city’s centralized drinking water sources, except for coli group which was out of standard at different levels, other monitoring and assessment items were up to national class I-III surface water quality standards. As concerning the water of scenic lakes and ponds in urban area, except for that total nitrogen and total phosphor exceed the protection criteria of Class-IV water function areas, the other assessment items were up to protection criteria. Except for Fanglian Pond of which the water nutrition status was of lightly eutrophic, the other five lakes and ponds had intermediate nutrition of water. Along with urban construction and the increase of population and tourists, pollutants will increase constantly, so the control of water environment pollutions is still a key work.
Guilin will use the World Bank loan for the integrated environmental management project, including water supply component, wastewater and sludge component, water environment monitoring and pollution control components, in order to raise the development level of water supply and environmental health service in Guilin, improve the investment environment of Guilin still better, promote the accelerated development of the urban and rural economic society of Guilin, and produce good social benefit, environmental benefit and economic benefit. Guilin is an under-developed western city, and has weak industrial foundation, limited financial revenue, and shortage of fund, therefore it has extremely important significance to construct infrastructure, strengthen comprehensive environmental renovation, and improve ecological environment by making use of the loan of the World Bank.
1.1.2 Contribution of the World Bank
The World Bank has ever had good cooperation with Guilin in terms of urban environment construction, and made positive contributions to improving some urban environmental infrastructure and raising the level of urbanization.
From 1998 to 2008, investments of RMB Y414 million were completed for the Comprehensive Environmental Renovation of Lijiang River in Guilin --- a World Bank Financed Project in Guilin, including USD22.97 million World Bank loan. The project is divided into four types, namely wastewater treatment, water supplementation to the Lijiang River, community improvement, and institution strengthening.
Under the comprehensive environmental renovation project of the Lijiang River in Guilin, Qintan trunk wastewater pipe project and supporting project have been completed, and up to 4.9km rain-wastewater pipeline and Mantoushan Wastewater Pumping station have been constructed in Qintan area; Guihu Lake, Ronghu Lake and Shanhu Lake have been subject to dredging, wastewater interception, and water diversion into lake; 2630hm2 artificial forest has been constructed within 10km scope at both banks of the Lijiang River with the seedling, fertilizers and other goods purchased with the World Bank loan; around 38km protective riverbanks have been constructed at both sides of the Lijiang River section. The better projects, like Tiexi Residential District and Yangsuo Residential District, etc. in Xiangshan District have also been completed. In addition, a batch of projects has been completed, including Beichong Wastewater Collection System, Urban Garbage Transport System, Wulixia Lijiang River Water Supplementation, Lingui Wastewater Collection System Pipeline Network, and Yangsuo Basha Oxidation Pond, etc. The completion of these projects have extremely greatly improved the environment status of Lijiang River, and actively promoted the development of tourism industry in Guilin.
1.2 Overview of the Comprehensive Environment Assessment Report
1.2.1 The Objective of Environmental Assessment
In accordance with the regulations of the Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection, and the Notification on Strengthening Environmental Impact Assessment for Construction Projects with Loan of International Financial Organizations, and the requirements of the World Bank Safeguard Policies, as well as domestic and the World Bank’s environmental impact assessment procedures, the project gives comments on the positive environmental impact brought about by the implementation of this project, identifies, screens, predicts and analyzes the possible negative impact, brings forward pertinent and effective mitigation measures and environment management plan aiming at unavoidable major negative impacts, provides an evidence for the World Bank to independently assess the project, and provides an evidence for the decision making and management of the government’s comprehensive management and environment management department.
1.2.2 Category and Assessment Grade of the Comprehensive Environment Assessment Report
In accordance with the regulations of the Notification on Strengthening Environmental Impact Assessment for Construction Projects with Loan of International Financial Organizations (HJ [1993] No. 324 Document)issued by the ministries and commissions including the State Environmental Protection Administration, etc., and the regulations of the World Bank’s Safeguard Policies OP4.01 Environmental Assessment, and combining with the identification and screening result of environmental assessment factors for the project, we have determined that, the environmental assessment of the project is of Category A.
Therefore, the contents and scope of this comprehensive environment assessment (CEA) report is based on the requirements for Category A projects. For the grading of project EIA, please refer to Table 1.2-1.
The basis for determining the EIA grading are shown as below:
(1) HJ/T2.2-2008 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment ---Atmospheric Environment
(2) HJ/T2.3-93 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment ---Surface Water Environment
(3) HJ/T2.4-2009 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment --- Acoustical Environment
(4) HJ/T19-2011 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment --- Non-polluted Ecological Impact
Table 1.2-1 Work Grade of Environmental Impact Assessment for Each Component
|No. |Component name |Atmospheric |Surface Water Environment |Acoustical |Non-polluted Ecology |
| | |Environment | |Environment | |
|1 |Water supply component |Grade three |Grade three |Grade three |Brief analysis |
|2 |Wastewater component |Grade three |Grade three |Grade three |Brief analysis |
|3 |Sludge disposal component |Grade three |Grade three |Grade three |Brief analysis |
*Note: Brief analysis is just to briefly analyze, but not quantitatively predict, the environmental impact, since the assessment work is of grade three for the project according to the recognition result of environmental impact, and the regulations of the Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment.
1.2.3 Preparation for Comprehensive Environmental Assessment Report
Guilin World Bank Financed Integrated Environment Management Project Management Office (hereinafter called “PMO”) , after executing related procedures like project survey and capability assessment, etc., has entrusted Scientific Research Academy of Guangxi Environmental Protection (SRAGEP) to prepare the Comprehensive Environmental Assessment (CEA) Report on the Guilin Integrated Environmental Management Project with the World Bank Loan.
After accepting entrustment, the assessment unit has collected, sorted out and researched related materials, surveyed the proposed construction site for some components and surrounding environmental status, carried out preliminary analysis on each component’s construction nature, content, scale, process, main polluting factors, and possible environmental impact, etc., and prepared the Comprehensive Environmental Assessment Report on the Guilin Integrated Environmental Management Project with the World Bank Loan in accordance with Chinese Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment, and the detailed regulations on environmental assessment in the World Bank’s Safeguard Policies.
1.3 Scope and Time Section of Environment Assessment, and the Environment Protection Targets
1.3.1 Scope of Environmental Assessment
The comprehensive EIA of this project are:
(1) According to the requirements of the Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment, and based on the proposed grade of assessment work, each component’s assessment scope is taken as the basic scope of integrated environmental assessment for this project;
(2) If some environmental protection target (sensitive point)or any target cared by the World Bank’s safeguard policies is close to the basic assessment scope, they shall be taken into the assessment scope;
(3) The elements and matters having direct relevance with or potential impact on the project (such as the dams in the upstream and downstream of the river, the ground water structure unit, and the material cultural resources with certain historic value, etc.) shall be taken into assessment scope;
The EIA scope for various types of components is as shown in Table 1.3-1.
Table 1.3-1 Basic scope of Environmental Assessment for the Project Components
|No. |Component type |Assessment scope |
| | |Air |Surface Water |Ground water |Acoustical Environment |Non-polluted Ecology |
|1 |Water Supply |The proposed booster pump|The assessment scope is |The same ground water |200m in the vicinity of |200m in the vicinity of |
| |Network & |station site, and 300m at|determined according to |structure units in the |the site of booster pump|the site of booster pump|
| |Boosting PS |both sides of pipeline |project characteristics and |vicinity of the |station site, and 50m at|station site, and 50m at|
| | |during construction |environmental function of |proposed factory site |both sides of pipeline |both sides of pipeline |
| | |period |receiving water body. |and at both sides of | | |
| | | | |pipeline | | |
|2 |WWTPs, |1km in the vicinity of |The assessment scope is |The same ground water |200m in the vicinity of |200m in the vicinity of |
| |Wastewater |proposed factory site, |determined according to |structure units in the |the proposed factory |the proposed factory |
| |Network, & PSs |and 300m at both sides of|project characteristics and |vicinity of the |site, and 50m at both |site, and 50m at both |
| | |pipeline during |environmental function of |proposed factory site |sides of pipeline during|sides of pipeline during|
| | |construction period |receiving water body. |and at both sides of |construction period |construction period |
| | | | |pipeline | | |
|4 |Sludge Disposal |100m at both sides of |The assessment scope is |The same ground water |Sensitive points at the |100m at both sides of |
| | |sludge transportation |determined according to |structure units in the |boundary of and in the |sludge transport line, |
| | |line, and 2.5km in the |project characteristics and |vicinity of the |vicinity of the factory |and 2.5km in the |
| | |vicinity of the site of |environmental function of |proposed factory site |area, and along the |vicinity of the sludge |
| | |sludge disposal factory |receiving water body. |and at both sides of |sludge transportation |disposal factory site |
| | | | |pipeline |line | |
1.3.2 Time Section of Environmental Assessment
The comprehensive environmental assessment report of this project mainly analyzes and assesses the two time sections, namely construction period and operation period of the project.
1.3.3 Environmental Protection Targets (Sensitive Points)
According to domestic laws and rules on environmental impact assessment, and the regulations of the World Bank’s Safeguard Policies, the environmental protection targets (sensitive points) cared in the environmental assessment of this project mainly includes:
(1) Special protection areas: the areas needing special protection, as regulated and planned by the country, or approved by people’s government of above county level, such as drinking water source protection zone, natural reserves, famous scenic sites, ecological function protection areas, basic farmland protection areas, key prevent and control areas of water loss and soil erosion, forest parks, geological parks, world heritage places, and key cultural relic protection units, etc.;
(2) Ecological sensitive areas: Areas in serious shortage of water, habitats of rare animals and plants, and aquatic organisms, spawning sites of fishes and shrimps, important wetlands, and natural fishing grounds;
(3) Areas of social concern: Population gathering areas, cultural education areas, centralized office areas of party and political institutions, health resorts, and hospitals, etc.;
(4) Material and cultural resources, including the existing ones, such as remarkable cultural relics, temples with historic and cultural value, local representative folk houses, ancestral halls, ancient tombs, religious monuments, cultural sites, and ancient trees, etc.
1.4 Environmental Impact Factors and Assessment Factors
1.4.1 Environmental Pollution Type Analysis
The project involves three types of components: (1) water supply component (water supply boosting pumping station and water supply pipelines), (2) drainage component (urban domestic wastewater treatment, network, and pumping station), and (3) sludge disposal type. According to different types of environmental impact, mainly the impact during construction period and operation period, they are analyzed as follows:
1.4.1.1 Water Supply Component
The pollutant generation and discharge sections of the water supply booster station and water supply pipeline mainly include:
Construction period:
(1) Waste gases: The dust raised from construction, and vehicle transportation, etc.;
(2) Waste water: Waste water during construction period mainly includes construction personnel’s domestic wastewater, and oil-contained waste water from construction machinery; the polluting factors are mainly CODCr, ammonia nitrogen, petroleum, and SS.
(3) Solid wastes: Building garbage, earthwork originated from excavation and filling, and construction personnel’s domestic garbage, etc.;
(4) Noise: Noises of construction vehicle and machinery, etc.
Operation period:
Noise: Noises from the operation of various pumps in the pumping stations.
1.4.1.2 Drainage Component
The pollutant generation and discharging sections of urban domestic wastewater treatment, pipeline network and pumping stations mainly include:
Construction period:
(1) Waste gases: The dust raised from construction, and vehicle transportation, etc.;
(2) Waste water: Waste water during construction period mainly includes construction personnel’s domestic wastewater, and oil-contained waste water from construction machinery; the polluting factors are mainly CODCr, ammonia nitrogen, petroleum, and SS.
(3) Solid wastes: Building garbage, earthwork originated from excavation and filling, and construction personnel’s domestic garbage, etc.;
(4) Noise: Noises of construction vehicle and machinery, etc.
Operation period
(1) Waste water: Waste water in factory area mainly includes the supernatant of sludge thickening tank, the filtrate of sludge dewatering machine, and employees’ domestic wastewater. Such wastewater still contains a relatively high content of organic pollutants, and will be sent back to intake pump house through the wastewater pipeline in the factory, and then be treated over again in the wastewater treatment system.
(2) Waste gases: Waste gases mainly include the odor dissipated from wastewater treatment, and the odor emanated from sludge. The fetor discharge facilities in WWTP mainly includes grating and intake pump house, sand basin, biological reaction tank, sludge thickening tank and sludge dewatering machine room, etc.. The discharge method is unorganized discharge. The main components in odor are hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3), etc..
(3) Solid waste: The structures like regulation reservoir, sedimentation basin, aeration tank, and SBR reaction tank, etc., after operating for a period, will produce sludge, which shall be cleared out.
(4) Noise: The main high-noise equipment during operation of WWTP includes wastewater lifting pump, sludge lifting pump, air blower, etc..
1.4.1.3 Sludge Disposal Type
Construction period:
(1) Waste gases: The dust raised from construction, and vehicle transportation, etc.;
(2) Waste water: Waste water during construction period mainly includes construction personnel’s domestic wastewater, and oil-contained waste water from construction machinery; the polluting factors are mainly CODCr, ammonia nitrogen, petroleum, and SS.
(3) Solid wastes: Building garbage, earthwork originated from excavation and filling, and construction personnel’s domestic garbage, etc.;
(4) Noise: Noises of construction vehicle and machinery, etc.
Operation period:
(1) Waste water: Cleaning water of sludge transport vehicles, which are cleaned at each WWTP. The waste water generated is drained into the wastewater treatment system of each WWTP.
(2) Waste gases: SO2, NOx, Dioxin, acidic gases, and foul gases dissipated from sludge.
(3) Solid wastes: Mainly employees’ domestic garbage.
(4) Noise: Noise generated from sludge transport vehicles.
1.4.2 Identification Result of Environmental Impact Factors
According to the above analysis, and combining with the type and characteristics of this project, the environmental impact recognized of different components is as shown in Table 1.4-1.
Table 1.4-1 Screening Result of EIA Factors for the Project Components
|No. |Component type|Environmental Assessment Factors |
| | |Ecological |Environmental Air |Surface Water |Ground |Acoustical Environment|Solid Wastes |
| | |Environment | | |Water | | |
|1 |Water supply |Land use, |TSP |pH value, SS, BOD, COD and |- |Plant boundary noise; |Construction |
| |component |vegetation | |NH3-Ns | |Construction noise |spoil, |
| | | | | | | |excess sludge |
|2 |Drainage |Land use, |TSP,, H2S, NH3, |pH value, SS, BOD5, COD, |- |Traffic noise |Construction |
| |component |vegetation |bad small |NH3-Ns, TP and fecal coliform | |Construction noise |spoil, |
| | |Natural habitat | |group | | |substrate sludge|
| | |Water and soil | | | | | |
| | |loss | | | | | |
|3 |Sludge |- |TSP, H2S, NH3, bad|pH value, SS, BOD5, COD, |- |Plant boundary Noise |- |
| |disposal | |small |NH3-Ns, TP and fecal coliform | |Construction noise | |
| | | | |group | | | |
1.5 Environmental Policy and Rule Documents
1.5.1 Environmental Protection Laws and Rules
(1) The Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (1989);
(2) Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution (2000);
(3) Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution (2008);
(4) Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution (1996);
(5) Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes (2004);
(6) Cleaner Production Promotion Law of the People’s Republic of China (2009);
(7) The Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the People’s Republic of China (2003);
(8) Law of The People’s Republic of China on Water and Soil Conservation (1991);
(9) Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China (Revised in 1998);
(10) Urban and Rural Planning Law of the People’s Republic of China (2008);
(11)Water Law of the People’s Republic of China (2002);
(12) Flood Control Law of the People’s Republic of China (1997);
(13) No. 257 Order of the State Council --- Regulations on the Protection of Basic Farmland (Dec. 27, 1998);
(14) No. 253 Order of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China --- Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection (1999);
(15) No. 14 Order of the State Environmental Protection Administration --- Classified Directory for Environmental Management of Construction Project (Jan. 1, 2003);
(16) State Environmental Protection Administration (HF [2004] No. 59) Technology and Policy of Eutrophic Lake’s Prevention ;
(17) Regulations on Implementing the Law of The People’s Republic of China on Water and Soil Conservation (1993);
(18) Production Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China (June 29, 2002);
(19) State Environmental Protection Administration (HF 2006[No. 28]) Interim Measures for the Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment (Feb. 14, 2006);
(20) GF〔2005〕No. 39 Decision of the State Council on Implementing the Scientific Concept of Development and Stepping up Environmental Protection (Dec. 14, 2005);
(21) Overall Emergency Preplan for National Sudden Public Incidents (2006);
(22) Regulations of the People’s Republic of China Governing the Administration of River (1988);
(23)Water Function Zoning of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (2002);
(24) Regulations on Environmental Protection of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (2006);
(25)Regulations on Agricultural Environmental Protection of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (2006);
(26) Measures for Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to Implement the Regulations on Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise of the People's Republic of China (1993);
(27) Circular of the State Council on Accomplishing the Recent Work Focus on Building a Resource Efficient Society (2005);
(28) Announcement on Issuing the Bill of Amendments to the (GB18918-2002) (2006 [No. 21] Announcement of State Environmental Protection Administration);
(29) Regulations on Cultural Relics Management of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (2006).
1.5.2 Policies on Pollution Prevention and Control Technology
(1) The Policy on Urban Domestic Wastewater Treatment and Pollution Prevention Technology;
(2) Opinions on Promoting Industrialized Development of Urban Domestic Wastewater and Garbage;
(3) The Guidance Catalogue for Industry Structure Adjustment (2005) ;
1.5.3 The Specific Plan and Master Plan on Social Economic Development and Environmental Protection
(1) Master Plan of Guilin City (2010-2020) (Outline);
(2) Special Planning for Water Supply of Guilin City (2013~2020) (Preliminary Achievements);
(3) Special Planning for Drainage Engineering of Guilin City (2013-2020) (Preliminary Achievements).
1.5.4 Project Documents
(1) Feasibility Study Report on the World Bank Loan Project Guilin Integrated Environmental Management Project of the Central and Southern China Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd.;
(2) Project Social Assessment Study by Wuhan University
1.5.5 The World Bank’s Related Safeguard Policies
(1) OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment;
(2) BP17.50 Information Disclosure.
(3) General Guidelines on Environment, Health and Safety
(4) Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines of Waste Management Facilities
(5) Water and Sanitation Guidelines
1.5.6 Environmental Quality Standards
(1) GB3095-1996 Ambient Air Quality Standards ;
(2) GB3838-2002 Quality Standards of Surface Water Environment;
(3) GB3096-2008 Quality Standards of Acoustical Environment;
(4) TJ36-79 Sanitary Standard for the Design of Industrial Enterprises (The Highest Permissible Concentration of Harmful Substances in the Air of Residential Areas).
The environmental quality standards and assessment factors adopted for the environmental impact assessment of each component are as shown in Table 1.5-1.
Table 1.5-1 Environmental Quality Standards & Assessment Factors by the Project EIA
|No. |Standard name |Grade (type) |Assessment factors |
|1 |GB3095-1996 Ambient Air Quality Standards |Grade two |TSP, SO2, NO2 |
|2 |TJ36-79 Sanitary Standard for the Design of |- |H2S, NH3 |
| |Industrial Enterprises | | |
|3 |GB3838-2002 Quality Standards of Surface Water |Class Ⅲ, Ⅳ |pH value, SS, dissolved oxygen, permanganate index, BOD5, Nh3-N, |
| |Environment | |volatile phenol, arsenic, mercury, hexavalent chrome, lead, |
| | | |cadmium, petroleum, total phosphorus, anionic surface active agent,|
| | | |fecal coliform group |
|4 |GB3096-2008 Quality Standards of Acoustical |Class 2 |Equivalent sound level |
| |Environment | | |
1.5.8 Pollutants Discharge Control Standards
(1) GB16297-1996 Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants ;
(2) GB14554-93 Emission Standard for Odor Pollutants ;
(3) GB8978-1996 Integrated Waste Water Discharge Standard ;
(4) GB18918-2002 Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP;
(5) CJ3082-1999 Discharge Standard For Municipal Sewerage System
(6) GB12523-2011 Noise limit for Construction Site ;
(7) GB12348-2008 Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary ;
(8) GB18599-2001 Standards for Pollution Control on the Storage and Disposal Site for General Industrial Solid Wastes;
(9) GB 5085.3-2007 Identification Standards for Hazardous Wastes- Identification for Extraction Toxicity
The pollutants discharge control standards and assessment factors adopted for the environmental impact assessment of the project are as shown in Table 1.5-2. For the detailed limiting value of each standard executed, please refer to the §3.4 of the report, and §1 of Environmental Management Plan.
Table 1.5-2 The Pollutants Discharge Control Standards & Assessment Factors by the Project EIA
|No. |Standard name |Grade (type) |Assessment factors |
|1 |GB16297-1996 Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants |Unorganized |TSP |
| | |emissions | |
|2 |GB14554-93 Emission Standard for Odor Pollutants |Grade two |H2S, NH3, odor |
|3 |GB8978-1996 Integrated Waste Water Discharge Standard |Grade one, grade |pH value, SS, COD, BOD5 NH3-N, anionic surface |
| | |three |active agent |
|4 |GB12348-2008 Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at|Class II |Equivalent sound level |
| |Boundary | | |
|5 |GB12523-90 Noise limit for Construction Site |- |Equivalent sound level |
2 Project Descriptions
2.1 Project Composition, Investment and Implementation Schedule
2.1.1 Project Composition
Component 1: Guilin City Water Supply Network
The purpose of this component is to meet the increasing water demand for production and domestic use in the urbanization process; and lift the reliability of urban water supply safety for Guilin City. The main engineering contents are: (i) Build a new DN500-DN1600 water supply network with a total length of 37 km; (ii) Build a new boosting pumping station in Jichang Road (40,000 m3/d in the short run); (iii) Procure instruments for water quality monitoring and equipment for routine network overhauling so as to lift the urban water supply safety; (iv) Set up the comprehensive water supply operation platform.
Component 2: The Upgrading of the City Wastewater Treatment Plants, Drainage Pumping Stations, and the Urban Drainage Network
The purpose of this component is to improve the efficacy of the WWTPs and the drainage pumping stations so as to ensure the working and highly efficient operation of the WWTPs and the pumping stations; improve the wastewater collection rate; reduce the energy consumption for treatment; and mitigate the impact of the treatment facilities to the ambient environment. The main contents are as follows:
1. The Upgrading of the Urban WWTPs
The component is to upgrade the existing WWTPs with higher standard; renew some equipment; and renovate the deodorization and sludge dewatering facilities. Specifically: (i) Upgrading Shangyao WWTP with a treatment capacity of 145,000 m3/d, including raising the treatment standard, renewing some treatment plants, and renovating the odor collection and treatment, and sludge dewatering facilities; (ii) Upgrading Qilidian WWTP with a treatment capacity of 60,000 m3/d (the treatment capacity will be reduced from 60,000m3/d to 45,000 m3/d), including raising the treatment standard, renewing some treatment plants, and renovating the odor collection and treatment, and sludge dewatering facilities; (iii) Upgrading Beichong WWTP with a treatment capacity of 30,000 m3/d, including raising the treatment standard, and renovating the inlet pumping station; the odor collection and treatment, and sludge dewatering facilities; (iv) Upgrading Yanshan WWTP with a treatment capacity of 20,000 m3/d, including raising the treatment standard, and renovating the odor collection and treatment facilities; and (v) the deodorization of the bio-tank of Lingui WWTP with a treatment capacity of 30,000 m3/d.
2. The Upgrading of the Drainage Pumping Stations in the Urban Areas
It includes the renovation of the equipment (screen, water pumps, electrical and auto –regulation) and the odor collection and treatment of 18 existing wastewater pumping stations and 2 storm water pumping stations
3. The Upgrading of the City Drainage Network
This mainly includes: (i) patching or renewing the wastewater gravity pipes of DN300~DN120 over a total length of 34.6 km in the urban area of Guilin (including manholes); patching or renewing the wastewater pressure pipes of DN600 over a total length of 5.5 km in the urban area of Guilin; (ii) building new wastewater pipes of DN500~DN800 over a total length of 1.7 km in Eastern Block of Bali Street Lingchuan; and (iii) building new sewer pipes for DN300~DN1200 over a total length of 12.3 km long in the old town of Lingui.
4. Equipment for Water Quality Monitoring and Network Management and Maintenance
The purpose is to strengthen and lift the performance of Guilin Municipal Drainage Company on water quality (including sludge) monitoring and maintenance of the drainage network. It includes: (i) procuring water quality (including sludge) monitoring equipment for daily monitoring and management; (ii) procuring pipe maintenance equipment, including detecting (including intelligent robot and detecting system), blocking and dredging equipment; and (iii) conducting survey of the drainage network and establishing network information system for the daily maintenance and management.
Component 3: Sludge Disposal Plant
The purpose of this component is to ensure the disposal of the sludge generated at the WWTPs is in a non-hazardous and recycling way. The design for sludge disposal includes 130t/d of sludge for composting and 20t/d for solar drying. The dewatered sludge from all WWTPs of Guilin city will be put together to be disposed either through composting or drying and finally be used for landscaping.
Component 4: Water Environment Monitoring and Pollution Source Management Information System (MIS) of Guilin City
The main contents of this component are: (i) establishing and improving Guilin water
environment monitoring MIS; (ii) establishing pollution source MIS for the environmental protection authorities; (iii) conducting a pollution source analysis study for the pollution source catchment areas of Lijiang Basin (Guilin Urban Area)
Component 5: Capacity Building and Project Implementation Support
The component includes: (i) hiring professional consultant (firm) to help the PMO with project management, including reviewing the detailed design and bidding documents, project management, construction supervision and management, monitoring the implementation of social and environmental safeguard measures, establishing the project monitoring and evaluation (M&E) system, evaluating, reporting and preparing the project completion report; (ii) conducting training on the PMO and the project implementation units (PIUs) staff and organizing the study tours concerned; and (iii) procurement of the office equipment/facilities for the PMO and PIUs.
The distribution of project components may be referred in Fig 2.1-2 on next page.
[pic]
2.2 Project Investment and Fund Raising
The physical investment of this project is RMB Y 846.48 million; the price contingency is RMB Y 47.90 million; the interest during the construction period is RMB Y 53.31 million; the front-end fee is RMB Y 1.51 million, and the working capital is RMB Y 5.55 million. The total project investment is RMB Y 954.74 million. Specifically described as follows: The investment for water supply network is RMB Y 221.08 million; the first part for construction is RMB Y180.46 million; and RMB Y 20.52 million for the second part for construction miscellaneous. Contingencies (project reserve fund) amount to RMB Y20.10 million.
The investment for upgrading the WWTPs and PSs in the urban area, and city drainage network is RMB Y 492.34 million ,the first part cost for construction is RMB Y401.44 million ; and RMB Y 46.14 million for the second part as construction miscellaneous and the contingency (project reserve fund) of RMB Y 44.76 million. The investment for sludge disposal is RMB Y 114.00 million, the first part cost for construction is RMB Y 85.84 million; and RMB Y 17.80 million as the second part for construction miscellaneous and the contingency (project reserve fund) is RMB Y 10.36 million
The investment for water environment monitoring MIS and pollution source MIS is RMB Y 7.00 million.
The investment for capacity building and project implementation support is RMB Y 12. 06 million.
The project financing plan is as follows:
（1）US $ 100 million from the World Bank loan (equivalent to RMB Y 603.00 million , (exchange rate: US$ 1=RMB Y 6.1357; deducting front-end fee RMB Y 1.51 million , the actual funding required is RMB Y 601.49 million .
（2）Domestic funds amounting to RMB Y 351.74 million. The domestic funds will be provided from the local finance, which meets the relevant regulations of the State Council and can meet the requirement of the World Bank on project funding.
2.3 Technical Features
2.3.1 Water Supply Engineering
2.3.1.1 Process Design for the Boosting Pumping Station
The boosting pumping station (PS) of Airport Road is to supply water to Lingui New Area with a capacity of 80,000m3/d. The equipment selected for the short-run is for the water supply capacity of 40,000m3/d. The boosting PS is composed of one clean water tank, one boosting pumping house, one Chlorination room and Chlorine storage room, and one power transformation and distribution room etc.
1. Clean Water Tanks
As per the Code, GB 50013-2006, the volume of the clean water tank could be defined as 10%~20% of the designed maximum water supply quantity of the water supply plant: 8.0×104×（10%~20%）=8000~16000 m3. Considering the land use scope of the PS, two sets of clean water tanks are designed; in which, the plan dimension of 1# tank is 54.85×65.2m with 4.0 m effective water depth and 14,000 m3effective volume and that of 2# tank is 4.85×97.2m with 4.0 m effective water depth and 21,000 m3 effective volume. The clean water tanks are reinforced concrete structure.
2. Boosting Pumping House
The civil works of the boosting pumping house is designed with a water supply capacity of 80,000m3/d, with hourly variation coefficient as 1.35 for Year 2025 and 1.3 in the long run. The plant is installed, for the short run, with a capacity of 40,000m3/d. In order to satisfy the network pressure variation, all pumps are driven by variable speed drives. Besides, as there is still some extra pressure remaining for the pipeline from Chengdong Area to the boosting PS at Jichang Road, an in-line pump (piping pump) will be installed in the boosting PS so as to directly increase the network pressure but to avoid energy waste due to a pressure break. Apart from the in-line pump, all boosting pumps will be selected as the type of horizontal shaft, double suction, split casing centrifugal pumps. 3 pumps will be installed for the short run. A suction chamber will be constructed on the north side of the PS with net plan dimensions 24.0m ×5.0m and depth 7.60m, of reinforced concrete structure.
3. Power Transformation & Distribution Room
The power transformation & distribution/control room is above ground and combined with the pumping house. Its plan dimensions are 29.8m×11.8m with a net height of 8.5m and of brick-concrete structure.
4. Chlorination Room and Chlorine Storage
The inflow of the boosting PS to be built in Jichang Road mainly comes from Chengbei Water Treatment Plant (WTP) and Shangyao WTP. Chengbei WTP is about 14 km away from the boosting PS of Jichang Road, and the distance from the PS to the farthest point of Lingui is more than 10 km. In order to ensure there is Chlorine remained at the pipe end of the water supply network within the water supply scope of Lingui New Area, Chlorination facility is installed at the PS of Jichang Road.
5. Supporting Buildings
The main building is a comprehensive admin one, and within the building, there are watch room, staff lounge, bathroom, and machine repairing room. As Guilin Municipal Water Supply Company is planning to set up the control center for the WTPs and all boosting PSs in Jichang Road PS, a central control room is reserved within the PS. The total area covered by the comprehensive building is 1800m2, of frame structure.
2.3.1.2 Engineering Design of the Water Supply Network
The project will fund a new pipeline network designed to serve the water supply area of Chengbei WTP, Phase II, which used the domestic funding to construct and is not in the project, but a linked project. The due diligence report for the linked project are referred to in Section §2.4. According, the capacity of Chengbei WTP, to be built under phase II, has been determined from extensive hydraulic modeling. The main pipes associated with the WTP are identified as follows.
1. The construction of Chengbei WTP will be implemented in stages. For the time being, two DN1200 trunk pipes have been built. New water supply pipes will be constructed to supply water to the Lingui New Area, Bali Street Area, Tieshan Residential Cluster, and Yanshan Residential Cluster. . As the newly increased water supply quantity is mainly located in the west and south parts, the outlet trunk pipes will be laid southward. One DN1600 pipe from the WTP will be laid along Weiyi Road –Chunjiang Road to the intersection of Eastern 2nd Ring Road. This pipe is the outlet pipe for Beicheng WTP Phase II with a water transport capacity of 200,000m3/d, which will transport the water to the Eastern and Western 2nd Ring Road. This pipe is proposed to be included in the project to be funded by the World Bank.
2. Once Chengbei WTP is expanded to the capacity of 300,000m3/d, in order to guarantee the water supply in Lingui New Area, it is proposed to construct a DN1600-DN1200 trunk pipe along Eastern 2nd Ring Road (to the west of Chunjiang Road Intersection) —Western 2nd Ring Road, which will, within a certain period of time in the future, be the trunk pipe for the Western Area, and the final capacity will be 100,000m3/d. Almost no distribution pipe is designed to be connected with this trunk pipe, and the pipe will be constructed in parallel with the construction of Western 2nd Ring Road. This pipe is proposed to be constructed with self-raised funds.
3. Construct a DN1200 trunk pipe along Eastern 2nd Ring Road (to the east of Chunjiang Road Intersection) to the south of the city. This pipe will serve as the trunk pipe for transporting water from Chengbei WTP to the east of Lijiang and the south area of the city. This trunk pipe is listed into the project to be funded by the Bank.
4. Construct a DN800 trunk pipe along North Binjiang Road (to the south of 2nd Ring Road). This pipe will connect the DN1200 trunk pipe in the Eastern 2nd Ring Road with the trunk pipe of the WTP in Dongzhen Road so as to ensure the water supply safety in the center of the old town. This pipe is proposed to be built with self-raised funds.
5. Construct a DN600 trunk pipe along North Yangjiang Road, which will connect with the DN1600 trunk pipe in West 2nd Ring Road. This pipe is one of the channels that supply water from Chengbei WTP to Lingui, and the main distribution pipe to the west of Dongcheng Area. This pipe is proposed to be built with self-raised fund.
6. Construct a DN500 trunk pipe along South Yangjiang Road, which will connect with the trunk pipe of Wanfu Road and Cuizhu Road, and improve the water supply safety for the boosting PS from the center urban area to Wanfu Road. This pipe is proposed to be built with self-raised funds.
7. Construct a DN600 trunk pipe along Chuandong Wu Road (to the north of Weiyi Road Intersection). This pipe will transport water from Chengbei WTP to the eastern area of Bali Street and would provide water safety to this area. This pipe is listed into the project to be funded by the Bank.
8. Construct a DN500 trunk pipe along Chuandong Er Road (to the north of Weiyi Road Intersection) northward. This pipe will be the distribution pipe from Chengbei WTP to the Bali Street area. It is listed into the project to be funded by the Bank.
9. Construct a new DN1200 trunk pipe along South 2nd Ring Road to connect East 2nd Ring Road and the trunk main from Wayao WTP so as to increase the water supply safety in the south urban area. This pipe is listed into the project to be funded by the Bank.
10. From the trunk pipe of Beichen Road, construct a DN500 distribution pipe from Bading Road to West 2nd Ring Road to transfer water to Dingjiang Industry Park and the High Speed Railway Area. This pipe is proposed to be built with self-raised funds.
11. Construct a DN600 trunk pipe along Jichang Road to supply water to Liangjiang Airport and its periphery area, with a capacity of 10,000 m3/d in the short run and of 18,000m3/d in the long run, meanwhile taking the newly increased water demand from the West of Lingui Road along the Airport Road into consideration. Once this pipe is built and put into operation, the self-built water plant of the airport will be used as stand-by or supplementary water supply facilities. This pipe is listed into the project to be funded by the Bank.
12. The existing DN400 water pipe of Hengtang Road is concrete pipe and will be replaced with DN500 Ductile pipe to remove the hidden danger of network leakage and also take the water demand in the future into consideration. This pipe is listed into the project to be funded by the Bank.
2.3.1.3 Comprehensive Water Supply Operation Platform
The comprehensive water supply operation platform comprises three elements: the first is the company office automation (OA) system, which will integrate human resources, material management and administrative management procedures. The second part is called computerized expert assistance decision making system, which will establish hydraulic network modeling to achieve scientific and optimized water dispatching. The third part will be business demonstration platform, which will integrate database of client data and production information. GIS based demonstration platform or GIS Data Integration (GID) system will be set up
Table 2.3-1shows the quantity of water supply network included in the water supply component of the project
Table 2.3-1 Bill of Quantity for the Network and Pumping Station
|No. |Title |Size |Location |Material |Unit |Q’ty. |Remarks |
|I |Boosting PS | | | | | | |
|1 |Boosting PS Airport |40,000m3/d, |Southwest, Intersection of | | |1 set |Incl. secondary |
| |Road |80,000m3/d |Jichang Road & Zhongyin Road | | | |water dispatching |
| | |for the long-run | | | | |system for boosting |
| | | | | | | |PSs |
|II |Water Supply Pipe | | | | | | |
|1 |WS Pipe |DN1600 |From Chengbei WTP to the |Ductile Cast |m |2229 | |
| | | |intersection of Chunjiang Road &|Iron (DCI) | | | |
| | | |East 2nd Ring Road | | | | |
|2 |WS Pipe |DN1200 |East 2nd Ring Road (East Nanzhou|DCI |m |7550 | |
| | | |Qiao to Intersection of Guimo | | | | |
| | | |Road) | | | | |
|3 |WS Pipe |DN1200 |South Ring Road |DCI |m |4810 | |
|4 |WS Pipe |DN600 |Chuandong Wu Road |DCI |m |2050 | |
|5 |WS Pipe |DN500 |Chuandong Er Road |DCI |m |2260 | |
|6 |WS Pipe |DN500 |Hengtang Road |DCI |m |2200 | |
|7 |WS Pipe |DN600 |Jichang Road (Xicheng |DCI |m |16000 | |
| | | |Avenue to Liangjiang | | | | |
| | | |Airport) | | | | |
| |Total | | | |m |37099 |Adjusted as needed |
|III |Comprehensive | | | |item |1 | |
| |Water Supply | | | | | | |
| |Operation Platform | | | | | | |
(Note: WS=water supply)
2.3.2 Drainage Component
2.3.2.1 Design for Upgrading the WWTP
I. Engineering Contents for Upgrading the WWTPs.
1. The Upgrading of Shangyao WWTP
Shangyao WWTP treats wastewater from the sewerage system of Mid-south areas of Giulin City. This sewerage system collects wastewater of the biggest urban scope of Guilin, covering the Central Cluster of the Old Town, Tiexi Area, Wayao Area, and Dafengshan Area. The wastewater is mainly collected via Mantoushan PS, Pingshan PS, Nanmenqiao PS, and Guniushan PS etc and pumped to Shangyao WWTP. Shangyao WWTP is divided into two plants, Phase I and II. The capacity of Phase I Plant is 45,000m3/d and the effluent treated is of Grade I Level B; whereas, Phase II is of 100,000m3/d, and the effluent treated is of Grade II.
According to the actual daily average effluent water quality analysis, the effluent of Shangyao WWTP Phase I meets the discharge standard of Grade I Level B. If evaluating against Grade I level A standard, the CODCr and NH3-N are basically stable and meet the standard. The highest BOD5 is 17mg/L, and 80% of samples tested met the standard. The highest TP was 2mg/L, and 67% of samples meet the standard. The highest SS is 18mg/L, and 76% of samples meet the standard. As a result, upgrading Shangyao WWTP and lifting the water quality of its effluent only needs to add a simple filtration unit with chemical removal of phosphorous, then the effluent could meet the standard of Grade I Level A.
The old plant of Shangyao WWTP was renovated in 2008 and the equipments were renewed then, so no need for equipment renewal. Nonetheless, there are no deodorization facilities in the old plant (Phase I); it is therefore proposed to add deodorization in the inflow pumping house, fine screen, aeration sedimentation tank and bio-tank. Same as Phase II, in-depth treatment facilities are to be constructed. The in-depth process is: filter fabric/filtration tank + ultra-violet disinfection ditch to lift the effluent to Grade I Level A. The construction details of Shangyao WWTP are shown as follows in Table 2.3-2.
Table 2.3-2 Summary Table for Upgrading Shangyao WWTP
|No. |Item |Description |
|1 |Equipment Replacement |Replacement of screens, grit settling equipment, blowers, sludge scrapers and etc. |
|2 |Process upgrading for higher |Adding advanced treatment facilities as to improve the effluent quality to Level A of Grade |
| |treatment standard |I with capacity 140k m3/d. |
|3 |Improvement of dewatering |Construction of new dewatering facilities as to reduce the water content of sludge below |
| |facilities |60%. |
|4 |Deodorizing |Closing and deodorizing the facilities such as inlet pumping station, fine screens, grit |
| | |settling tank, sludge dewatering |
2. The Upgrading of Qilidian WWTP
Qilidian WWTP treats wastewater from the urban area to the East of Lijiang River and part of Northern Area of Guilin City. The design treatment capacity for Qilidian WWTP Phase I is 60,000 m3/d (with effluent of Grade II standard); and for the WWTP Phase II, which is under construction, the design capacity is 100,000 m3/d (with effluent of Grade I Level B Standard)
According to the actual daily average effluent water quality analysis of the Qilidian WWTP Phase I, though the WWTP executes the discharge standard of Grade II, the effluent actually meets the standard of Grade I Level B except NH3-N and TP. If evaluating against Grade I Level A standard, then SS, CODCr and TN are basically stable and meet the discharge standard of Grade I. The highest BOD is 16mg/L, with 70% of samples meeting the standard. However, TP is quite high, with an average value of 1.18mg/L, and at the Max. Value is 3~4mg/L, so only 20% of samples meet the standard; the average value of NH3-N is 6.7mg/L, and Max. Value is 22mg/L, with only 40% of samples meeting the standard. From the analysis above on the daily average water quality of the effluent, it is concluded that the effluent of Qilidian WWTP Phase I could meet the discharge standard of Grade II, but there is a relatively big gap to Grade I Level A, with TP and NH3-N being the two main indicators that can’t meet the standard. Physical filtration is limited to Nitrogen and Phosphorus. For TP removal, chemical dosing and sedimentation is needed and a bio-chemical process is a cost effective way to remove these two pollutants. . Given that Qilidian WWTP Phase II is about to be completed and put into operation, there is some surplus in the total treatment capacity of Guilin. It is therefore proposed to reduce some of the capacity of Qilidian Phase I and lift the bio-chemical process effect so as to guarantee the removal effect of NH3-N and TP. Meanwhile, by upgrading and adding the physical filtration unit, plus chemical removal of phosphorus, the effluent should meet the discharge standard of Grade I Level A.
It is proposed to add rotary bio-filter in this project in order to raise the discharge standard to Grade I Level A. Moreover, deodorization of the bio-chemical tank was not considered for Phase II of the WWTP, it is proposed to construct an enclosed deodorization to the bio-chemical tank. The construction details of Qilidian WWTP are detailed in Table 2.3-3 below.
Table 2.3-3 Summary Table for the Upgrading of Qilidian WWTP
|No. |Item |Description |
|1 |Process upgrading for |Adding advanced treatment facilities as to improve the effluent quality to level A from Level B of|
| |higher treatment standard|Grade I with capacity 100k m3/d for Phase I Project. |
| | |Adding advanced treatment facilities for Phase I Project to improve the effluent standards from |
| | |Grade II to Level A of Grade I. |
|2 |Equipment Replacement |Technical renovation will be implemented to Qilidian WWTP. Existing structures will be kept as |
| | |much as possible but all the equipment will be replaced. Automation control system will be added |
| | |to the equipment. |
|3 |Plant Area deodorization |Closing and deodorizing the facilities such as inlet pumping station, fine screens, grit settling |
| | |tank, sludge dewatering under Phase I Project. |
|4 |Improvement of dewatering|Construction of new dewatering facilities within Phase I plant area as to reduce the water content|
| |facilities |of sludge below 60%. |
3. The Upgrading of Beichong WWTP
Beichong WWTP treats the wastewater of the north area of Guilin. The service area of the North Area Sewerage System starts from Guihuang Road, the Vehicle Management Station of the Traffic Police Branch of Guilin Municipal Police Bureau, at the north point, to Guanyinge in the south, from Lijiang in the east to Taohuajiang in the west with a total service area of 9.26km2. The wastewater flows into Beichong WWTP via gravity, Bianshanxiang PS, Qingfeng PS etc.
The designed daily treatment capacity of Beichong WWTP is 30,000m3/d. The WWTP was put into operation in 2005, the process is A2/O, and the discharge standard applies with Grade I Level B.
According to the actual daily average effluent water quality analysis, the effluent of Beichong WWTP Phase I meets the discharge standard of Grade I Level B. If evaluating against Grade I level A standard, the CODCr, SS and NH3-N are basically stable and meet the discharge standard. The NH3-Nstandards are met 83% of the time and the highest BOD value of the whole year is 16mg/L, meaning that 89% of the time the standard could be met. The highest TP is 2.4mg/L, meaning that the standard could be met 73% of the time. From the analysis above, it is concluded that the effluent from the Beichong WWTP could meet the discharge standard of Grade I Level B, but there is a gap to Grade I Level A. However, the three main indicators -NH3-N, BOD and TP cannot meet the standard. Therefore, in the operation process, attention should be paid to the aeration flux control, chemical dosing and settlement in order to remove TP. Thus, by upgrading and adding the physical filtration unit, plus chemical removal of phosphorus, the effluent would meet the discharge standard of Grade I Level A.
For the time being, the operation of the plant is good, but as the inflow pumping house is not designed by different zones, and there is only one coarse screen channel, so there are safety risks. It’s not possible to overhaul the plant because it cannot be taken out of production. It is therefore proposed under the project, to do zoning in the inflow pumping house and add coarse screens so as to ensure the operation stability. Combining with the sludge composting and transportation need, the sludge dewatering equipment of the new plant area will reduce the water content to lower than 60%. As per the requirement for water used for landscaping for TaohuaJiang, it is proposed to upgrade Beichong WWTP to lift the discharge standard of the effluent to Grade I Level A. The construction details of Beichong WWTP are detailed in Table 2.3-4 below.
Table 2.3-4 Summary Table for Upgrading Beichong WWTP
|No. |Item |Description |
|1 |Equipment Improvement |Inlet PS will be refurbished via zoning. One coarse screen channel and screen will be added.|
| | |Some equipment will be replaced. |
|2 |Process upgrading for higher |Adding advanced treatment facility to upgrade the treatment standard of Beichong WWTP to |
| |treatment standard |Class I A with a capacity of 30,000 m3/day |
|3 |Improvement of dewatering facilities |Construction of new dewatering facilities as to reduce the water content of sludge below |
| | |60%. |
|4 |Deodorization |Deodorizing bioreactors, sludge condensing tanks and sludge dewatering workshop. |
4. The Upgrading of Yanshan WWTP
Yanshan WWTP treats the wastewater of Yanshan District with a service area of 5km2. With the designed daily treatment capacity of 20,000m3/d, the WWTP was put into operation in 2009 and uses CASS process. The effluent discharge standard applied is Grade I Level B.
According to the daily average effluent water quality analysis, the effluent of Yanshan WWTP Phase I meets the discharge standard of Grade I Level B. If evaluating with Grade I level A standard, the CODCr, SS and TN are stable and meet the discharge standard; the Max. The NH3-N value is 7.4mg/L, and meets the standard 89% of the time. The highest TP value is 1.1mg/L, and this meets the standard 24.7% of the time; The BOD5 max. value is 17mg/L, and therefore meets the standard 75% of the time. From the analysis above, it is concluded that the effluent of Yanshan WWTP could meet the discharge standard of Grade I Level B, but there is a big gap to Grade I Level A, The BOD5 and TP standards are the two main non-compliance indicators. In the operation process, attention should be paid to the aeration flux control and operating parameter; and strengthen the bio-chemical treatment effect. TP should be removed through chemical dosing and sedimentation. Thus, the upgrading and renovation should add advanced treatment unit, plus chemical removal of phosphorus, the effluent could meet the discharge standard of Grade I Level A.
In this project, it is proposed to upgrade Yanshan WWTP to lift its effluent discharge to Standard Grade I Level A. Meanwhile, Deodorization will be added in the inlet pumping station, fine screens, grit settling tanks, bioreactors, sludge dewatering workshop. The construction details of Yanshan WWTP are in Table 2.3-5 below.
Table 2.3-5 Summary Table for Upgrading Yanshan WWTP
|No. |Item |Description |
|1 |Process upgrading for higher |Adding advanced treatment facilities as to improve the effluent quality to level A with |
| |treatment standard |capacity 20k m3/d for Phase I Project. |
|2 |Plant Area deodorization |Deodorizing the facilities such as inlet pumping station, fine screens, grit settling tanks, |
| | |bioreactors, sludge dewatering workshop. |
5. The Upgrading of Lingui New District WWTP
Lingui New District WWTP is expected to be completed in 2013 with a treatment capacity of 30,000m3/d. The effluent discharge standard is Grade I Level A. The WWTP treats wastewater from Lingui New District. Deodorization was taken into account at the beginning of constructing the plant, but not enclosed deodorization for bio-chemical tank. Given that the plant is located in the central area of Lingui New District, and is next to the planned road, this project will therefore include enclosed deodorization to the bio-chemical tank.
II. Advance Treatment Process of the WWTPs
According to the analysis above on the effluent water quality of the WWTPs, the following conclusions could be reached:
（1）Basically effluent from all WWTPs could meet discharge standard of Grade I Level B;
（2）Evaluating performance of all plants with the exception of Shangyao Phase II and Qilidian Phase I, against Grade I Level A discharge standard, the NH3-N is in non-compliance with the discharge standard at a high level. The BOD, SS and TP , though in non-compliance, but are within a reasonable level, so a simple physical treatment process could remove the pollutants. For Shangyao Phase II and Qilidian Phase I, careful calculation should be done on its nitrification and de-nitrification capacity when we consider the upgrading process.
As per the “Design Code for Wastewater Recycling”, urban reclaimed water plant should apply a basic process as: coagulation-settling—filtration—disinfection. This is also the basic process applied by many wastewater recycling projects home and abroad. Direct filtration process is also used in some projects with good results. As such, the design will compare the two processes: the coagulation/settling + filtration process Vs. the direct filtration process; and identify the recommendation option for the advance treatment process of the project.
Given the importance of the Lijiang River water body, the coagulation--sedimentation (settling)—filtration process should be selected for the advanced treatment process for wastewater. Moreover, in terms of land use within the plant, land availability for WWTPs in the city center is rather limited, so process with less land occupation and less structures should be selected. For Beichong WWTP, Shangyao WWTP (Phase I and II) and Qilidian WWTP (Phase I), land is very limited, direct filtration process should be selected. For Yanshan WWTP, land available for upgrading is plenty and because process is CASS without settling tank, so in order to ensure the phosphorus removal effect by using chemical could reach Grade I Level A, the coagulation—settling+filtration process should be selected.
III. Process Selection of Chemical Phosphorus Removal
The basic principle for chemical removal of phosphorus is to dose chemical agent to form insoluble phosphate sediment; then remove phosphorus from wastewater via solid-liquid separation, which normally work together with bio-process. As per the location of the dosing position, there are pre(tank) dosing, post(tank) dosing, synchronous dosing and multi-point dosing.
Being divided by the bio-reactor, dosing before the bio-tank is pre(tank) dosing, dosing after the tank is post(tank) dosing. Dosing into the tank is synchronous dosing and dosing both before and after the tank is multi-point dosing.
The pre(tank) dosing puts the chemical agent in the raw wastewater, forms sediment and discharges with the primary sedimentation tank. The advantage is: it could remove certain amount of organic matter and reduce bio-treatment load. The post(tank) dosing takes place after the bio-treatment and the sedimentation formed could be separate via the solid-liquid separation device. Water quality from this is good and settling tank needs to add. Synchronous dosing position is in the outlet pipe of the primary settling tank or in the bio-reactor, the sedimentation and the remaining sludge is discharged together. Multi-point dosing position could be grit chamber, bio reactor and settling tank, which could increase the flexibility of operation.
As the existing WWTPs of Guilin city do not have primary sedimentation tanks, except Yanshan WWTP), but all have secondary sedimentation tank, in order to reduce the impact of iron salt and Aluminum Chlorohydrate to organism, post dosing should be selected so as to use the secondary sedimentation tank to do solid-liquid separation and discharge with sludge. For Yanshan WWTP, the CASS process is used, so it is appropriate to build new coagulation and sedimentation facilities and use post dosing to remove phosphorus.
IV. Selection of Chemical Agents for Phosphorus Removal
Three mineral salts could be used to remove phosphorous: calcium salt, iron salt and aluminum salt. The commonly used salts are: limestone （Ca（OH）2）, aluminum sulphate（Al2（SO4）3·18H2O）, basic aluminum chloride (AlCl3）, sodium aluminates（NaAlO2）, iron trichloride（FeCl3）, iron sulfate（Fe2（SO4）3）, ferrous sulfate （FeSO4）and ferrous chloride（FeCl2）.
When using aluminum salt or iron salt, it mainly produces insoluble aluminum phosphate or iron phosphate, and the dosage of it is directly proportional to the TP amount. If using ferrous salt, then it needs to be oxidized to iron salt in order to achieve the maximum phosphorus removal effect. It is normally therefore not used as post-dosing polymer, but dosed into the aeration grit chamber. When using limestone to remove phosphorus, the solubility of the sedimentation produced is related to the PH value, the amount of limestone needed is therefore subject to the alkalinity of the wastewater, not the phosphorus content. Limestone, if used as polymer, cannot be used in synchronous dosing phosphorous removal process. If it is used in pre(tan)-dosing phosphorous removal, then the PH value of the effluent is high, then the PH value needs to be adjusted before the bio-treatment; if used in post-dosing, then the PH value of the effluent must be adjusted in order to meet the discharge requirement. Aluminum salt is therefore more commonly used. The widely used aluminum salts are aluminum sulphate (white alum) and basic aluminum chloride (PAC). In this project, basic aluminum chloride (PAC) is recommended as the chemical agent for phosphorus removal.
V. Selection of Deodorizing Options for WWTPs
The current deodorization methods available can be dilution, burning, absorption, chemical absorption, oxidation, nebulization, bio-treatment, and liquid atomization etc. The chemical absorption, activated oxygen ionization and bio-filters options have their pros and cons. As the chemical absorption needs raw material of sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid, special warehouse for hazard material shall be built with high requirements for fire explosive prevention. This is not suitable for the existing plant; bio-filtration bed needs larger footprint and the operation is more difficult with higher capital investment and operation costs. Liquid nebulization and activated oxygen ionization are suitable for medium and low level odor and they can avoid the bottlenecks mentioned above; nonetheless, liquid nebulization method may need periodical purchase of the liquid, which has only a single source of supplier. This is not good for the plant operation. Therefore, in summary, the activated oxygen ionization method of deodorant is proposed for this project.
The activated oxygen ionization method emerged in recent years becomes the evolution of oxidation technology. This technology has been widely developed home and abroad. Aggregation of O2-、O2+ is generated by high voltage pulsed discharge and it has strong oxidation ability to degrade the odor particles so as to achieve deodorization.
1) Activated Oxygen Effect
Activated oxygen deodorizing devices may generate high density and highly activated oxygen (a transitional status of oxygen between O2 and O3) via high voltage pulsated discharge (it may generate hundreds of billions of high-energy ions). Such ions may collide with the odor molecules and destroy the organic molecules; or high-energy activated oxygen may activate the oxygen molecules in the air to produce secondary activated oxygen. A chain reaction may be triggered and oxidation will be maintained with the energy generated from chain reaction. This will further oxidize the organic molecules to generate carbon oxide, water and other material of small molecules. The device may achieve high efficiency of deodorizing within in very short time.
The odor components will be transformed into small molecules of NOx、SO3、H2O after oxidation. Under the proper concentration, the global transforming ratio may reach 95% above. As the final product has very concentration of odor, it can be accepted by the ambient atmosphere. This approach is well adaptable to the purification of large air flow but medium level odor.
2) Photocatalysis
Photocatalysis is the application of new compound of nanometer technology. The principle is that photocatalysis particles will be excited by UV light of particular wave length to form electron-hole pair. With the presence of oxygen and water, the hole will degrade water on the surface of catalysis to generate free hydroxyl radicals (OH). Electrons may reduce the oxygen to activated oxygen ions, which have strong oxidation effect to oxidize the odor particles on the surface of photocatalysis into harmless substances. Hence the air purification is achieved.
VI. Selection of Advanced Sludge Dewatering Options in the Sludge Plants
It is proposed to use chamber press and filter dewatering plus low-temperature vacuum dehydration process in the project.
In this process, the sludge after being conditioned is transported into the dewatering and drying system via the feeding pump. Meanwhile the flocculent polyacrylamide (PAM) is dosed on-line and the filtrate is drained by pump and the liquid is separated from solids. During the compacting and caking stage, water contents will be further reduced and squeezed by the force of high pressure from the membrane plate. On the basis of above-mentioned processing, technology of low temperature vacuum drying provides the function of vacuum dehydration. With the completion of membrane pressing, the heating plate and membrane plate will be filled with hot water and the sludge cake will be heated in the heating chamber. Meanwhile, a vacuum pump will be started and the heating chamber will be vacuumed. The boiling temperature of water will be lowered under the negative pressure condition. The water in the cake will be vaporized. The mixture of vapor is then drawn from the chamber and the vapor will be condensed through condensation. The water will be drained periodically and exhausting air will be treated, then discharged into air. With the process of feeder filtration, membrane pressing and vacuum dehydration, water in the sludge has been adequately removed and the quantity of sludge has been significantly reduced to the greatest extent possible. The process only needs normal flocculants and no other chemicals to be added. However, the capital investment of this process is higher and heat sources will be needed for dehydration and drying. Therefore the equipment is more complicated and operation is more difficult. Hence, the operating costs are higher.
Low temperature vacuum dehydration and drying technology is the innovation to the plate-and-frame filter press. On the basis of pressing and dewatering of conventional filter press, sludge is processed through feeding filtration, membrane pressing and vacuumed dehydration, the water content has been adequately removed in the sludge case. The volume of the sludge has been decreased significantly to the greatest extent possible. The process only needs conventional polymer (PAM) and is suitable for different sizes of plants without geographical constraints. The chemicals (PAM) can be purchased conveniently. The low temperature vacuum dehydration process is well suitable for Guilin condition, thus it is proposed by the feasibility study report.
2.3.2.2 Upgrading the Drainage Pumping Stations (PS)
The urban drainage network of Guilin is divided into four areas: North Area, East Area, Mid-south Area and Yanshan District Area. The wastewater PSs are distribute as follows: 4 PSs in the North Area, 8 PSs in the East Area, 8 PSs in Mid-south Area and 2 PSs in Yanshan District Area, all together, 22 wastewater PSs. Based on the actual status of the existing drainage PSs, it is decided to upgrade 18 wastewater PSs and 2 storm-water PSs. The main details are following: (1) replace water pumps and the electric distribution box (MCC) and renew the screen bars, valves and flow meters; (2) deodorization of the PSs; (3) upgrading the automation system. Subject to the specific situation of each PS, the upgrading details may vary. See Table 2.2-6 below for the details.
Table2.2-6 Summary Table for Upgrading the Drainage Pumping Stations of Guilin
|No |Areas |PSs |Location |Capacity, |Scope of refurbishment |
| | | | |(x104m3/d) | |
|1 |North |Qingfen PS |Northeast of Beiji |3 |1.Replacement of pumps and associated MCC |
| | | |Plaza | |2. Replacement of screens |
| | | | | |3.Replacement of flow meter |
| | | | | |4.Installing deodorizing devices |
| | | | | |5.Replacement of valves |
|2 |North |Bianshan-xiang PS |Xi’erli, Jiuhuashan Rd.|1.5 |1 Adding one gen-set |
| | | | | |2. Installing deodorizing devices |
|3 |North |Guihu PS |Inlet of Guihu Lake |0.6 |1.Replacement of pumps |
| | | | | |2.Installing deodorizing devices |
| | | | | |3. Adding automation & control system |
|4 |East |Longyinqiao PS |By the side of |4 |Replacement of pumps and associated MCC; |
| | | |Longyinqiao | |Refurbishment of inlet and discharge pipes and |
| | | | | |gates/valves. |
| | | | | |Installing deodorizing devices |
| | | | | |Replacement of flow-meter |
|5 |East |Jianganlu PS |Jiangan Rd. |3 |Replacement of 3 pumps; |
| | | | | |Installing deodorizing devices |
| | | | | |Replacement of flow meter |
|6 |East |Eastern Station PS |3km Road Side of Gui-Mo|4 |Installing deodorizing devices |
| | | |Highway | |Adding a flow meter |
|7 |East |Nanzhou- qiao PS |Side of Nanzhouqiao |10 |Installing deodorizing devices |
| | | | | |Adding a flow meter |
|8 |East |Yingcaiyuan WW PS |Yingcai Science and |l |Installing deodorizing devices |
| | | |Technology Park | |Adding a flow meter |
|9 |East |Tieshanyuan WW PS |Tieshan Industrial Park|1 |Installing deodorizing devices |
| | | | | |Adding a flow meter |
|10 |East |Yifenglu PS |Yifenglu (side of |0.5 |Installing deodorizing devices |
| | | |Jiangshanlingxiu | |Adding a flow meter |
| | | |Residential Area) | | |
|11 |Central |Yiwulu PS |Yiwulu (high school |1.5 |1. Installing deodorizing devices |
| |south | |affiliated to normal | |2. Screen replacement |
| | | |university) | |3. Pump replacement。 |
|12 |Central |Anxin PS |Zhishanlu Flyover |1.5 |1. Installing deodorizing devices |
| |south | | | |2. Replacement of automation and control system |
| | | | | |3. Pump replacement |
|13 |Central |Nanmenqiao WW PS |Courtyard of Drainage |6 |Replacement of 5 wastewater pumps and associated MCC; |
| |south | |Facility Management | |Replacement of screens; |
| | | |Division, 108, | |Adding flow meter |
| | | |Shixiaonanlu | | |
|14 |Central |Mantoushan PS |39 W Ring Rd., Entrance|25 |Installing deodorizing devices; |
| |south | |Gate of Municipal | |Replacement of check valves |
| | | |Administration Division| |Replacement of discharge valves; |
| | | | | |Replacement of flow meters; |
| | | | | |Pump replacement |
|15 |Central |Pingshan PS |Pingshan Rd. |5 |Installing deodorizing devices |
| |south | | | |Adding flow meter |
| | | | | |Pump replacement |
|16 |Central |Guniushan WW PS |Foot of Guniushan Hill |3 |Replacement of screens; |
| |south | | | |Adding deodorizing devices; |
| | | | | |Replacement of flow meters; |
| | | | | |Pump replacement |
|17 |Central |Yangjiang PS |Yangjian Campus of |0.7 |1. Adding deodorizing devices |
| |south | |Normal School | | |
|18 |Central |Wanfulu WW PS |Wanfu Rd. |4 |1. Adding deodorizing devices |
| |south | | | | |
|19 | |Shanghailu Storm water |Southwest Side of the |4 |Pumps and associated MCC replacement; |
| | |PS |intersection at | |Replacement of screens |
| | | |Shanghai Rd Railway | | |
|20 | |Minzulu Storm water PS |Minzu Rd |9 |Pumps and valve replacement; |
| | | | | |Replacement of screens |
|21 | | |Remote Control Unit for| | |
| | | |PSs | | |
(Note: WW=Wastewater)
2.2.2.3 Wastewater Network Components
1. The Upgrading of the Urban Drainage Network
It is proposed to rehabilitate the drainage pipelines of 40 km long with the non-dig lining curing technology in this project.
Because the roads are located at the urban built areas, in order to reduce the adverse impact of excavation to road structure, traffic and environment, the damaged pipes will be rehabilitated by non-dig technology.
The rehabilitation standards: Based on “Technical Codes for CCTV and Sonar Testing and Assessment of the Public Drainage Pipes of Shanghai Municipality”, “Technical Codes for Drainage Pipes/Channels and Pumping Station Maintenance of Cities & Towns” (CJJ68-2007）, “Technical Codes for CCTV and Sonar Testing and Assessment of the Public Drainage Pipes of Guangzhou Municipality”, “Construction, Check and Acceptance Codes of Water Supply and Drainage Pipe Projects”（GB 50268-2008）. The pipes would be rehabilitated till its functions recovered.
In order to reduce the continuous change of the flow cross-section, improve the hydraulic condition, prevent the secondary damage, for the multiple structural damages in the same section of a pipe, non-dig complete unit rehabilitation should be applied.
For severe single damage where non-dig local excavation rehabilitation technology does not work, then non-dig complete unit rehabilitation technology should be applied.
For those pipes built long time ago with uninterrupted minor damages, complete unit rehabilitation will be done in order to extend their service life. And for those structural defects with severe damages which cannot be rehabilitated via non-dig technology, it is proposed to use local excavation.
See Table 2.3-7 for the drainage network upgrading details
Table 2.3-7 Bill of Quantity for the Restoration of Urban Drainage Network
|No. |Road Name |Pipe Size |Unit |Qty |Notes |
|1.1 |Qixing District | | | | |
|1.1.1 |Hengtang Rd. |DN600 |Meter |700 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |23 |
|1.1.2 |Fuxing Rd. |DN800 |m |600 | |
|1.1.3 |Chuanshandong Rd. |DN1000 |m |2600 | |
|1.1.4 |Yingcai Rd. – Hengtang Rd. |DN800 |m |3000 | |
|1.1.5 |The 2nd Ring Rd (E) |DN800 |m |3000 | |
|1.1.6 |Jiangang Rd. |DN800 |m |800 | |
|1.1.7 |Tieshan Rd. |DN1000 |m |500 | |
|1.2 |Diecai District | |m | | |
|1.2.1 |Fuli Rd. Area |DN400 |m |500 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |8 |
|1.2.2 |Beicheng Rd., Fanghua Rd. and Zhongshanbei Rd. |DN1000 |m |2600 | |
|1.2.3 |The 2nd Ring Rd (E) |DN1200 |m |500 | |
|1.2.4 |The 2nd Ring Rd (E) |DN800 |m |1000 | |
|1.2.4 |Bianshan Lane Area |DN600 |m |500 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |9 |
|1.2.5 |Liumashan Rd. |DN500 |m |300 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |5 |
|1.2.6 |Yiwu Rd (Machine Tools Plat area) |DN500 |m |400 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |7 |
|1.3 |Xiufeng District | |m | | |
|1.3.1 |Jiuganglin Rd |DN300 |m |1000 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |16 |
|1.3.2 |Jiuganglin Rd. |DN400 |m |1200 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |19 |
|1.3.3 |Ludie Rd. |DN500 |m |650 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |10 |
|1.3.4 |Ronghubei Rd. |DN400 |m |800 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |13 |
|1.3.5 |Wencai Rd. |DN400 |m |1000 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |16 |
|1.3.6 |Xinzhongyin Rd. |DN500 |m |1500 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |24 |
|1.4 |Xiangshan District | | | | |
|1.4.1 |The 3rd Ring Rd (S) at the backdoor of Military |DN800 |m |500 | |
| |College | | | | |
|1.4.2 |Wanfu Rd. (Xiangshan section) |DN600 |m |1500 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |20 |
|1.4.3 |Kaifeng Rd. |DN500 |m |1000 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |16 |
|1.4.4 |Kaifeng Rd. |DN1000 |m |1000 | |
|1.4.5 |Kaifeng Rd. |DN1200 |m |200 | |
|1.4.6 |Jingping Rd. Area (Lane 1, 2 and 3 of Wayao Rd) |DN500 |m |500 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |8 |
|1.4.7 |Jingping Rd. Area (Lane 1, 2 and 3 of Wayao Rd) |DN800 |m |100 | |
|1.4.8 |Jingping Rd. Area (Lane 1, 2 and 3 of Wayao Rd) |DN400 |m |500 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |8 |
|1.5 |Yanshan District |DN1000 |m |3100 | |
|1.6 |Pressure Pipes | |m | | |
|1.6.1 |Kaifeng Rd Pressure Pipe |DN600 |m |5000 | |
|1.6.2 |Qingfeng Pressure Pipe |DN600 |m |500 | |
|1.7 |Other areas (Lingui section) | |m | | |
|1.7.1 |Wanfu Rd. (Lingui Section) |DN800 |m |2000 | |
|1.7.2 |Wanfu Rd. (Lingui Section) |DN600 |m |1000 |Restoration of manhole No.|
| | | | | |15 |
| |Total |40050 |Manhole Restoration | | |
| | | |Total 217 | | |
2. Wastewater Network Restoration of the Eastern Cluster of Lingchuan Bali Street
The network covers the eastern built areas, mainly for trade/business and residence purposes, to the east of Xianggui Railway of Bali Street, and near Lijiang with a coverage area of 5.72 km2. An underground wastewater boosting PS has been built in the eastern built area with the design flow of 10,000 m3/d; but the wastewater collection system is not good enough, and the drainage pipes of some roads discharge straight into Lijiang River which contaminates the water body. In order to solve the wastewater discharge problem in the business and residential clusters of Eastern Built Areas, it is proposed to construct wastewater pipes in Lane 5 and 6 of Bali Street and Lane 4 of Chuandong with a total length of 1.71 km to collect the wastewater and transfer to the wastewater boosting PS, then the wastewater will be pumped to Guilin Municipal WWTP. See Table 2.3-8 below for the details of the wastewater pipes to be built.
Table 2.3-8 Bill of Quantity for the Wastewater Drainage Network of the East Residence Cluster of Lingchuan Bali Street
|No |Road Name |Pipe Size |Material |Unit |Qty |
|1 |Lane 5, Bali Rd. |DN500 |HDPE |m |300 |
|2 |Lane 6, Bali Rd. |DN500 |HDPE |m |300 |
|3 |Lane 4, Chuandong Rd. |DN800 |RC |m |1110 |
|4 |Total | | |m |1710 |
3. Wastewater Network of Lingui Old Town
More problems exist with the wastewater network of the Old Town of Lingui County. In some areas, there are no wastewater pipes and in some existing wastewater pipes, there are problems such as leakage, misplacement and silting etc. In some old streets/areas (e.g. Guikang Residential Area), the wastewater pipes are straight-line type with very small diameter, most of them are DN300, and some of them are even smaller plastic pipes of DN150-200; moreover, the burying slope is small, the pipes are blocked with other things, then silted; as a result, the discharge is not smooth and wastewater spills over everywhere. In order to improve the living environment of the residents and the collection rate of wastewater in the Old Town, it needs to supplement and improve the wastewater network, and new DN300-1200 wastewater pipes of 15.4km long will be built. See Table 2.2-9 below for the Bill of Quantity (BoQ).
Table 2.3-9 Bill of Quantity for the Wastewater Drainage Networks of Lingui Old Town
|No |Road Name |Pipe Size |Material |Unit |Qty |
|1 |Wanfu Rd. |DN800 |RC |m |750 |
|2 |Xinlong Rd. |DN400 |HDPE |m |300 |
| | |DN500 |HDPE |m |390 |
|3 |Yang Rd. No.2 |DN400 |HDPE |m |940 |
|4 |Yang Rd. No.6 |DN1000 |RC |m |720 |
| | |DN1200 |RC |m |770 |
|5 |Guikang Residential Area |DN300 |HDPE |m |7758 |
| | |DN400 |HDPE |m |1200 |
| | |DN500 |HDPE |m |635 |
| | |DN600 |HDPE |m |1200 |
|6 |Jinyuan Residential Area |DN300 |HDPE |m |610 |
| | |DN400 |HDPE |m |145 |
| |Total | | | |15418 |
2.3.2.4 Equipments for Water Quality Monitoring and Network Management & Maintenance
In order to strengthen and improve the capacity for: (i) monitoring the water quality of the wastewater network (including sludge); and (ii) the maintenance and management capacity on the drainage network, the following facilities and equipments need to be procured for Guilin Municipal Drainage Company: (i)water quality (including sludge) monitoring equipments for daily monitoring and management; (ii) procuring pipe maintenance equipment, including detecting (including intelligent robot and detecting system), and blocking and dredging equipment; and (iii)Establishing a system wide network information system (MIS) to enhance the short and long-term maintenance and management by conducting a detailed survey of the drainage network. for
2.3.3 The Overall Plan for the Centralized Disposal of Sludge
The sludge disposal project is located in the sanitary landfill site for domestic solid waste of Guilin city. The purpose is to dispose the sludge generated in the WWTPs in a non-hazardous and sustainable way. The design requirements are for 130t/d of sludge by composting process and 20t/d by solar drying process. The dewatered sludge from all WWTPs of Guilin city will be put together to be disposed of either through composting or drying and finally be used for landscaping.
2.3.3.1 Route Selection for Sludge Composting
Composting is a simple and operational process for sludge disposal. Before being used as land-fill, the sludge is disposed of through composting, under microbial action, the plant nutrients become a way easier for absorption; and the odor, on the other hand, could be removed. Pathogenic bacteria and parasites could be killed too.
The “Pollutants Discharge Standard for Municipal WWTP” issued by China became effective on 1st July 2003. This Standard stipulates the stringent and clear requirements on the discharge of the sludge from WWTPs. The Standard lists aerobic composting as one of the methods for sludge stabilization process. Comparing with anaerobic and aerobic digestion, aerobic composting has safe (disinfection) effects apart from stabilizing the sludge. This is because that during the aerobic composting process, a large amount of energy (heats) will be generated from organic degradation. The composting material could be heated to 60～70℃ and the pathogenic microorganisms and parasites could be killed. Therefore, aerobic composting process is one of the most effective approaches to dispose sludge from wastewater treatment, domestic solid wastes and excrements of livestock from intensive farming.
Nevertheless, the prerequisite for sludge composting is that the contents of the pollutants should be controlled within the limits; and then the organic fertilizer generated from sludge composting can be utilized properly. Particularly for the current situation, industrial wastewater is discharged in combination with domestic wastewater; as a result, the heavy metal contents in the sludge of the WWTPs exceed the standard. Heavy metal may enter the food chain if such sludge is used for farming, which may do harm to the health of mankind significantly.
With vigorous development of urban landscaping and greening in China, the bases for nursery planting, flowers and lawns are in large demand. And sludge if used as organic fertilizer for nursery planting and gardening may have the following good effects. First, it can condition the soil and increase the organic and nutrient material of the soil. Second, it may foster the growth of plants and flowers. Third, the heavy metals and the harmful substances may not enter the food chain. The nursery plants and flowers may purify the heavy metal in some degree. For the time being, China is working on ecological construction on a large scale, urban landscaping and greening, and shelter forest construction should be the way to properly utilize the products from sludge composting.
2.3.3.2 Composting Process Stage
Composting can be normally classified as aerobic and anaerobic types. Aerobic composting is the process of organic degradation under the presence of oxygen. The metabolic products mainly include carbon dioxide, water and heat. The anaerobic composting is that of organic degradation without oxygen and the metabolic products are methane, carbon dioxide and some intermediate products like organic acids. Compared with the aerobic composting, the organic degradation of unit mass in the anaerobic composting process releases less energy, but easily generates more odors. Because of these reasons, almost all composting systems adopt aerobic composting process.
Aerobic composting utilizes aerobic microorganism (mainly aerobic bacteria) under the presence of oxygen to degrade the organic substances continuously. Normally, aerobic composting is divided into three stages as follows:
1）Warming-up Stage
Usually this refers to the inceptive stage of the composting. At his stage, the temperature of the composting stack will rise to around 45℃ from the environment temperature. The dominating microorganisms are mainly mesophilic types, including fungus, bacteria and actinomycetes. The decomposition substrates are mainly saccharides and starches.
2）Thermophilic Stage
When the stack temperature rises to 45℃ or higher, the composting enters the thermophilic stage. In this stage, mesophilic microorganisms are inhibited or even die while thermophilic microorganisms become dominating. The residual or newly formed organic material will be oxidized further. Some complicated organics like cellulose, hemicellulose and protein starts to be decomposed strongly. The activities of microorganism behave alternatively. Usually around the temperature of 50℃, thermophilic fungus and actinomycetes are most active. When the temperature rises to 60℃, the activities of fungus stops almost completely and only thermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes are active. When the temperature rises to 70℃, majority of thermophilic microorganisms cannot adapt and a large quantity of them will die or hibernate. The optimum temperature for modern composting production is 55℃. This is because, at this temperature, the majority of microorganism will be most active to decompose organics, amongst parasitic ovum, pathogenic microorganism can be killed.
3）Cooling-down Stage
The thermophilic stage will inevitably cause the microorganisms to die out and reduce their activities, and then the composting enters a cooling stage naturally. In this stage, mesophilic organisms resume to dominating again and they will continue to decompose the organic residuals which are difficult to be degraded. However, as the microbial activities decrease in general, less heat will be generated from the composting stack. The temperature starts to decrease and the organics become stabilized. The oxygen demand decreases significantly and the sludge is thoroughly decomposed and it becomes the post composting stage.
2.3.3.3 Composting Process Flow
（1）Raw Material Mixing Stage
Municipal sludge with 70% water content is transported to the composting site and dumped into the storage bin. After being metered automatically, the sludge is transferred to the mixer together with conditioner (saw dust and straw is proposed to be used as the conditioner in this project. The daily consumption of the straw is around 12t/d and back-mixing material. They will be mixed thoroughly to achieve the moderate water contents and loose structure so as to achieve air space required by composting.
（2）Feeding Stage
The blended material from the mixer will be transferred to the dump trucks by the belt conveyor; then transported to the fermentation room, where the composting material is cured, and then the temperature and oxygen sensors are inserted into the stack. The computer system will then monitor and control the fermentation process.
（3）Bio-Fermentation Stage
When fermentation starts, with the oxygen supplied by blowers, aerobic microorganisms reproduce rapidly and the temperature of composting stack increases quickly. With 2-3 day, the stack enters the thermophilic stage. The thermophilic stage will be maintained for 5-7 days through the automatic monitoring and control so as to kill the pathogenic bacteria and weed seeds as much as possible. Thus the goal of non-hazardous treatment and stabilization of composting material can be achieved. When the thermophilic stage ends, the composting stacks will be turned by turning machine to achieve homogeneity of the material at different location as for the good quality of the product. To automatically control and optimize the fermentation processes, oxygen and temperature sensors are furnished in the fermentation room. Data will be acquired by the sensors then collected and transferred to the computer based control system. Aeration intensity and time will be controlled in real time by the feedback from composting stacks. Inside the fermentation room, environment monitoring sensors are installed to monitor ammonia, hydrogen sulfide. When the hazardous gases reach the preset dangerous level, the system will alarm and the deodorizing system will be started up.
（4）The Screening and Sorting Stage
When the composting is fully developed, the composting control system will prompt the end of the composting processes. The composted material will be lift and removed by the forklift truck from composting room. The sieving machine will be used to separate small grains of fully fermented material (passed sieve material) from large blocks such as conditioner (on the sieve material).
（5）Resource Utilization Stage
After aerobic fermentation, the material that passes the sieve can be transported away as the final products for resource utilization. Those on-the-sieve materials will be used as back-mixing materials.
Please refer to Figure 2.3.1 for Process Flowchart for Composting. For mass balance of composting process, please refer to Fig 2.3.-2 for details.
Figure 2.3-1 Sludge Composting Process Chart
[pic]
Fig 2.3-2 Mass Balance of Sludge Composting Processes
In addition to the composting of sludge (130t/d), sludge drying (capacity of 20t/d) utilizing solar energy as the heating source will be financed under the project.
Sludge drying by solar energy mainly utilizes solar energy to dry the sludge. The process combines the conventional drying in greenhouse with modern automation technology for sludge disposal. The main objective is to utilize the clean energy - solar energy as the main energy source for sludge drying.
There are mainly three drying processes in the greenhouse as detailed below:
1. Drying by solar radiation. When sludge in the greenhouse receives solar radiation, the temperature will rise and water vaporization in the sludge will be accelerated. The humidity on the surface of the sludge will increase or will even achieve saturation status.
2. With natural or forced ventilation, the indoor air with moisture will be discharged to the atmosphere. The humidity of the sludge surface will become unsaturated from original saturated status. The water in the sludge will vaporize further. Experiments indicate that such process plays more important role in the dehydration of sludge.
3. When the water concentration in sludge decreases to 40%-60%, organics in sludge will be fermented with the existence of oxygen. Further temperature rise inside the sludge stacks can be observed and drying will be accelerated. This may also stabilize the sludge.
2.3.4 Environment Monitoring and Pollution Source Management Information System (MIS) of Guilin City
Guilin City Environment Monitoring and Pollution Source Management Information System (MIS) cover three parts: water environment monitoring MIS; pollution source MIS; pollution source analysis study of Lijiang Basin (Guilin Urban Area). This component is a research project, and would not trigger EIA and EMP, so is not included in the scope of EIA.
5. Capacity Building and Project Implementation Support
This project is a World Bank funded project. For this purpose, Guilin Municipality has established the Project Management Office (PMO) under the leadership of the Municipal Development and Reform Committee (DRC) with office members from the government agencies concerned with the project. Because the project management and implementation need various expertise and skills, this section describes the additional support needed for the implementation of the project.
（1）Experts and Consulting Service
In the process of project implementation, a professional consultant (firm) needs to be hired to help the PMO review the designing and bidding documents; conduct project management, construction supervision and management; monitor the implementation of social and environmental safeguard measures; establish the project monitoring and evaluation (M&E) system; and evaluate, report and prepare the project completion report.
（2）Capacity Building
The members of the PMO and the PIUs are from different functional agencies. The lack of understanding of the World Bank funded projects may make it difficult to ensure the project implementation pace and quality; so the PMO and PIUs members should improve their capacity via training and study tours in order to guarantee the smooth implementation of the project.
（3）Project Management Office Equipment
As the PMO is established for this World Bank project, but not a permanent institution, the office needs to be provided with office facilities/equipment to fulfill the work.
2.4 The Project Organization Agencies & Implementation Agencies
2.4.1 Project Organization Agency
On 6th August 2013, Guilin Municipality set up the project leading group (PLG) for Guilin Integrated Environmental Management Project, and appointed the standing vice mayor as the leader of the PLG. The members of the PLG come from the municipal government, municipal DRC, finance bureau, land resource bureau, environmental protection bureau, house and construction bureau, auditing bureau, planning bureau, water resources bureau, Lingui New District Management Committee, and Suqiao Development Zone Management Committee. Under the PLG, there is a project office, which is under the municipal DRC. The vice director of the municipal DRC is also the director of the office.
2.4.2 Project Implementation Units (PIUs)
As per the description of the project contents in the sections above, the responsibility matrix could be found in Table 2.4-1.
Table 2.4-1 Responsibility Distribution Matrix of the Project
|No. |Component Title |Responsible Agencies |
|I |Guilin City Water Supply Network |Guilin Municipal Water Supply Company |
|II |Upgrading the City WWTPs, Drainage PSs, and the Urban Drainage Network |Guilin Municipal Drainage Company |
|III |Sludge Disposal |Guilin Municipal Drainage Company |
|IV |Water Environment Monitoring and Pollution Source Management Information System|Guilin Municipal Environnemental Protection |
| |(MIS) of Guilin City |Bureau |
|V |Capacity Building and Project Support |PMO and PIUs |
2.5 Due Diligence Study of the Linked Projects
The linked project to this Project is the Chengbei Water Supply Phase II of Guilin City, which is the water source for the water supply component of this Project. Chengbei Water Supply Phase II is located on the east side of the newly acquired area of Chengbei WTP Phase I ,with the water supply capacity of 200,000 m3/d and reserved land for expansion for another 200,000 m3/d in the long run. The engineering contents include water intaking engineering (i.e. civil works for water taking of 400,000 m3/d, and equipment for 200,000 m3/d, reserving an expansion scope for water taking amount of 200,000 m3/d in the long run); water purification engineering (i.e. adding civil works and equipment for the capacity of 200,000 m3/d, reserving expansion scope for water taking amount for 200,000 m3/d in the long run), and the auxiliary structures and the transfer/distribution network systems for Phase II.
The water intake of Phase II (new part) is located to the 50 meter point at the west side of that for Phase I (that is in the 100 m point to the south side of Damianyu Raft Bridge of Lingchuan County, to the west side of the main channel of Lijiang River, and 1 km upstream of Nanzhou Bridge). The intake PSis located at Damianyu Baishitan, next to Lijiang (i.e. the 20 m point to the north side of Phase I PS), next to Lijiang in the east, close to the planned Binjiangdi Road in the west side, in the south side, it is the existing intake PS for Phase I; and in the north side, there are scattered residential houses for Damian village. The new WTP area is located in Nanzhou village, Dahe Township, Diecai District (i.e. to the 40 point of the east side of Phase I WTP), next to the planned Binjiangdi Road in the east side, and in the south and north sides, there is wasteland, and next to the planned urban road in the west side.
The water supply service area when completed will cover: Lingui New District, Chengbei District, Guilin Old Town (Mid and North Area and part of East Area) and Bali Street Area of Lingchuan.
As per the “Environment Impact Assessment Report on Chengbei Water Supply Plant Phase II of Guilin City” developed by Guilin Municipal Environmental Protection Research Institute in Sep. 2011, the environmental protection measures for Phase II should be basically the same as those for Phase I. The industrial wastewater will be recycled for production (mainly various flush sludge and back wash wastewater); the domestic wastewater will be transported to Beichong WWTP for treatment. Noise will be insulated and mitigated via low noise equipments, shock-pads, sound insulating material etc. The major solid waste, the sludge cake, will be transported to the landfill site as the back filling soil. According to the operation result of Phase I (all meet standard), all environmental protection measures can ensure that water discharge, air pollution and acoustic noise can be in compliance with the discharge standard. Solid waste disposal can meet the concerning environmental protection requirements.
The total investment of the project is RMB Y 888.463,9 million, of which RMB Y15.01 million will be used for environmental protection. The project is expected to be commissioned in December 2017 as to be properly connected to the network completion of this Project. The project EA has been disclosed twice in accordance with the domestic requirement in “Provisional Measures for Public Participation for Environment Impact Assessment” and questionnaire survey on public participation was done once. The EIA report has included the environmental management plan (construction and operation period). The project EIA was reviewed and approved by Guilin Municipal EPB on 16 November 2012 (Shihuanguan No. 13 [2012])
Based on the monitoring and analysis of the water from the water source, 22 basic items plus 5 supplementary items were monitored. All basic items meet the standard of Class II in the “Environment Quality Standard for Surface Water” (GB3838-2002) and all the supplementary and the specific items meet the requirement of the standard limiting values in the “Environment Quality Standard for Surface Water” (GB3838-2002).
3 Current Environmental & Social Status
3.1 Overview of the Natural Environment
3.1.1 Overview of the Natural Environment
(1) Geographical Location
Guilin is a world famous scenic tourist city and a famous historic and cultural city. The city is located in the northeast of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, at the south end of Hunan-Guilin Corridor, and neighboring to Hunan Province in the east and north. Hunan-Guilin Railway runs through the Lijiang River, Guizhou-Guangzhou Express Railway in construction passes through the whole city, and national highways 321, 322 and 323 pass by the city. Located at the east longitude 109°36′~111°29′ and north latitude 24°15′~26°23′, the city has an average latitude of 150m, and its north and south sides have a common boundary with Hunan Province, its west and southwest sides are connected with Laibin City, and its south and southeast sides are connected with Wuzhou City and Hezhou City. The municipal jurisdiction area may be referred in Fig 3.1-1
[pic]
Fig 3.1-1 Map of Guilin Municipal Jurisdiction Area
(2) Geology and Topography
Guilin is located at the southwest of Nanling Mountain System, and in the basin surrounded by the mountain ridges with an altitude of more than 1,000m, like Yuecheng Mountain, Haiyang Mountain, Jiaqiao Mountain and Tianping Mountain, etc. The topography is low and flat, and tilts slightly from the north to the south generally; and the ground altitude is 140~160m. In the urban area, there are two series of landforms, namely karst landform and fluvial landform, which of complicated types and diversified forms. Mountains, hills and plains (including valley, terrace, downland, and piedmont alluvial fan, etc.) are distributed here, and where, plains prevail, and account for 65% of the total area of the urban area, secondary to which is mountains, which account for 30%, and hills account for 5%.
Guilin is located between the south section of north wing and the top of the south-north arc structure, and the structure line gives priority to nearly south north – north north east trending. From west to east, the main folds include Tangjiawan Anticline and Yaoshan Anticline. The main fractures include Reed Flute Cave --- Yaotoushan Fracture and Yaoshan Fracture, which were generated and developed in the Mesozoic Indosinian --- Stage of Yanshan. In the Cenozoic Himalayan period, the priority was given to rising activity, and small-scale north-west fractures were developed locally. The karst geological disasters mainly include karst collapse, dilapidation, and landslide.
(3) Meteorology and Climate
Guilin City is located in the north of the Tropic of Cancer, and belongs to subtropical warm and humid monsoon region. According to the data provided by Guilin Weather Station, we know the weather data here as shown below: Multi-year mean rainfall 1917mm,multi-year mean temperature 18.8℃, highest temperature over the past years 39.4℃, lowest air temperature -4.5℃, average relative temperature over the past years 75.8%, average evaporation over the past years 1494mm, multi-year average wind speed 2.6m/s, relative humidity 75.8%, average evaporation over the past years 1494mm, multi-year average wind speed 2.6m/s, extreme wind speed 31.9m/s, and corresponding wind direction WNW.
(4) Surface water
The main rivers in Guilin include the Lijiang River, Taohua River, Xiangsi River, Yijiang River, Dajiang River, Jinbao River, and Dayuan River, etc., all of which belong to Xijiang River Water System in the Pearl River Basin. The rivers are of 692.97km in total length, and cover a total catchment area of 3,971.09km2. The main regions belong to the Lijiang River Basin, while some parts belong to the Liujiang River Basin. The annual runoff and the annual total rainfall of the rivers in the whole city are 16.958 billion m3 and 9.2 billion m3 respectively, and these rivers are the main source of water supply for surface water and ground water. The total quantity of water resources in the whole city is 12.072 billion m3.
The Lijiang River is sourced from the south foot of Laoshan Bound in the northeast of Maoer Mountain, the main peak of Yuecheng Mountain in the northwest of Xing’an County, Guangxi. It is the general term of the river sections in the upstream of Guijiang River belonging to the Xijiang River Water System in the Pearl River Basin. The Lijiang River flows from the northeast to the southwest, and after arriving at Guilin, it flows from the northwest to the southeast. The headstream section of the Lijiang River is called as Wugui River; the section after Tangfangbian is called as Jiyi River; the section extending to Qianjia Temple is called as Ludong River; the section after joining Huangbai River and Chuanjiang River is called as Darong River; the section after joining the ancient canal Ling Canal at Longshui Street, Rongjiang Town is called as Liangjiang River, which flows through Xing’an, Lingchuan, Guilin, Yangsuo, and Pingle, etc.; and the section after joining the tributary Lipu River and Gongcheng River is called as Guijiang River. Above Yangsuo, the relatively big tributaries of the Lijiang River include Huangbai River, Chuanjiang River, Xiaorong River, Gantang River, Taohua River, Liangfeng River, and Chaotian River, etc., wherein, Huangbai River, Chuanjiang River, Xiaorong River, Gantang River and Taohuang River join the Lijiang River in the upstream of Guilin. The total length is 116km, including 40km in urban area; and the upstream catchment area is 2,860km2. The multi-year average rainfall is 1,897mm, the maximum flow rate is up to 7,800 m3/s, and the multi-year average flow rate is 128 m3/s. In the Lijiang River Basin, there are sufficient rainfall and water yield, but there are great differences of rainfall and flow rate in ample season and dry season. Upstream Ludong River, Chuanjiang River, Xiaorong River and Gantang River are among the central-west rainstorm areas in Guangxi Province. Here, the multi-year average rainfall is above 2,000mm, flood appears in March ~ August generally, especially frequently in May and June, and flood rises and falls sharply; but in autumn and winter, it’s dry here. With the maximum sand content of 0.934 kg/ m3 and the annual average sand content of 0.020～0.091kg m3, it is one of the rivers having the minimum sand content in Guangxi.
In Guilin City, there are more than 20 small- and medium-sized reservoirs, and three major reservoirs. Wherein, the large-scale reservoir is Qingshitan Reservice, which has a catchment area of 474km2, total reservoir capacity of 600 million m3, and effective reservoir capacity of 372 million m3; the medium-sized reservoir Jinling Reservoir has a catchment area of 22.5km2, total reservoir capacity of 21.21 million m3, and effective reservoir capacity of 12.81 million m3; and the medium-sized reservoir Dajiang River Reservoir has a catchment area of 60.22km2, total reservoir capacity of 41.60million m3, and effective reservoir capacity of 29.82 million m3;
(5) Ground water
In Guilin City, there are extremely developed karst geological structures, many underground karst caves, and abundant ground water resources. Plentiful high-quality ground water is distributed extensively at a shallow level. The whole city has an ground water reserve of around 3.025 billion m3. The ground water mainly includes interstitial water, karst water, and fracture water. Ground water belongs to H2CO3—Ca· Mg in terms of chemical property, and with the mineralization degree 100~300mg/L, pH value7~8, total hardness 6~16, ground water here may be used for various purposes. The ground water supply is mainly sourced from atmospheric precipitation, which accounts for 93% of total water supply. The water supply is 150,000t/d in dry year and 190,000t/d in normal flow year. The annual range of change in water level is 1~5 m.
(6) Animal and Plant Resources
In Guilin, there are 1,516,500 ha. forests and 1,500 kinds of plants at present, including rare varieties specially protected by the country, such as Taxus chinensis var. mairei, ginkgo, resource fir, spinulose tree fern, tsoongiodendron odorum chun, Chinese red pine, Diplopanax, and Tsuga longibracteata, etc.. In addition, there are abundant medical plants and fruit tree resources. The forest coverage rate is 61.08%. The city flower of Guilin is osmanthus, and there are more than 100,000 osmanthus trees in the urban area. The other common trees in the urban area include camphor tree, Cinnamomum pedunculatum Nees, Ligustrun lucidum Ait, Chinese scholar tree, paulownia fortunei, chinaberry, wild jujube, and Chinese tallow tree, etc.. In urban area of Guilin, the total greening area is 1,930hm, the greening coverage ratio is 35.1%, and the per capita public green space is 6.1m2.
The wild animal resources in Guilin include Paguma larvata, Tragopan caboti,Muntiacus reevesi , pangolin, golden pheasant, bear, leopard, fox, monkey, turtledove, owl, giant salamander, snakes, babbler, and mouse, etc., which are mainly distributed in the lonely mountaneous areas of each county of the city. There are more than ten kinds of livestock and poultry here, including pig, cattle, sheep, dog, cat, rabbit, chicken, and duck, etc., as well as 144 kinds of fish resources, with bream prevailing.
(7) Seismic Intensity
According to the Seismic Intensity Zoning Map of China issued by the State Seismological Bureau in 1990, the basic seismic intensity in the assessed region is 6 degree.
3.2 Social Overview
(1) Administrative Division and Population
Guilin City governs five urban districts (Xiangshan, Xiufeng, Diecai, Qixing, and Yanshan) and 12 counties (Yangsuo, Lingui, Lingchuan, Xing’an, Quanzhou, Ziyuan, Guanyang, Longsheng, Yongfu, Pingle, Gongcheng and Lipu), owns one national level high-tech industry development zone and two provincial-level economic and technical development zones, covers a total area of 27,809km2, and has a total population of 4.98 million.
(2) Social and Economic Overview
In 2012, the urban area of Guilin realized regional total output value of RMB Y149.205 billion, representing an increase of 13.3%. Wherein, the agricultural value added was RMB Y27.451 billion, representing an increase of 6.6%; the total industrial output value and the value added were RMB Y182.159 billion and RMB Y58.303 billion, representing an increase of 22.6% and 19.3% respectively, and the rate of industry’s contribution to economic growth was up to 58.3%. The industrial fixed asset investment was RMB Y53.826 billion, representing an increase of 45.3%; the value added of large-scale industry was RMB Y49.481 billion, representing an increase of 24.5%; the value added of the tertiary industry was RMB Y52.260 billion, representing an increase of 9.2%. The whole society’s fixed asset investment was RMB Y146.240 billion, representing an increase of 28.2%. Organizations’ financial revenue was RMB Y16.356 billion, representing an increase of 15.2%. The balance of various loans of financial institutions in banking was RMB Y105.315 billion, representing an increase of 16.1%. Urban residents’ per capita disposable income was RMB Y22,300, representing an increase of 12.2%; peasants’ per capita net income was RMB Y7,328, representing an increase of 15.9%. The urbanization rate was up to 41.8%. Main economic indexes grew by a degree higher than the expected degree, and the growth rate of the indexes like regional total output value, the total output value and value added of the first industry, and the total output value and value added of large-scale industry, etc. ranked a leading place in the whole region. The total tourist income was RMB Y27.687 billion, representing an increase of 26.8%, and the quality efficiency of tourism industry was improved obviously. “Green Guilin” Afforestation and Greening Project was elected to be an advanced project in the whole area, and the whole city’s forest coverage rate was 70.94%, and urban green coverage rate was 43.72%, ranking a leading place in the whole area.
3.3 Current Status and Plan of Water Supply
3.3.1 Current Status of Water Supply
(1) Current Status of Water Supply in Urban Area of Guilin
In the main urban area of Guilin, there are four water treatment plants, namely Dongzhen Road, Dongjiang, Wayao, and Chengbei WTPs, with a total designed capacity of 440,000m3/d, and the actual water supply capacity is 390,000 m3/d, all using Lijiang as its water source intake. Among the four WTPs, the designed scale of Wayao WTP is 140,000 m3/d, while that of Dongjiang, Dongzhen Road, and Chengbei WTP is 100,000 m3/d respectively. At present, the scope of water supply in Guilin extends to Tieshan Industry Park in the east, Yanshan District in the south, Balijie in the north, and Lingui in the west, forming a ring-shaped water supply pattern and basically covering completed urban areas.
Dongzhen Road WTP was constructed in 1937 at Dongzhen Road, which is at the west side of the Lijiang River and the north side of Diecai Mountain in the old urban center; after phase-II project expansion in 1986-1987, the WTP had a total water supply capacity of up to 100,000 m3/d. This WTP mainly supplies water to the areas in the north of Nanmen Bridge and in the south of North Huancheng Road. In recent years, for reason of facility aging and high load, etc., the average daily water supply is not more than 50,000 m3/d (42,000 m3/d in 2009, 44,000 m3/d in 2010, 46,000 m3/d in 2011, and 44,000 m3/d in 2012). The WTP occupies only 17 mu of land. It seems that the WTP is crowded and narrow, and cannot be further expanded.
Dongjiang WTP is located at the east side of Shijiayuan Road and on the Longyin Road, which is in the east of the Lijiang River and at the south side of Qixing Park. Dongjiang WTP was constructed in 1974 with a designed water supply capacity of 10,000 m3/d. For narrow site of original water works, the water works was moved to and expanded at the south side of Longyinqiao Road and the west root of Wangcheng Hillock in 1988. After being completed and used to supply water in July 1993, the WTP had a water supply capacity of 60,000 m3/d. After phase-II expansion project was completed in December 2000, the water supply capacity reached up to 100,000 m3/d. The plant area covers 43 mu of land. It mainly supplies water to the areas in the east of the Lijiang River, and meanwhile, it is connected with the water supply system at the west side of the Lijiang River through two DN500 cross-river pipelines at Lijiang Bridge. The areas surrounding this water works are close to urban roads and residences, and no land is reserved for expansion.
Wayao WTP is located in the east of the Lijiang River and at the west side of East Wayao Road. The WTP was completed in 1958, and after completion of supporting facilities in 1966, it had a water supply capacity of 20,000 m3/d. After phase-I project expansion in 1986, the WTP had a water supply capacity of up to 70,000 m3/d. After phase-II project expansion in 1995, the water supply capacity reached up to 140,000 m3/d. This WTP occupies 63mu of land, and its main water supply scope covers some areas in the south of Nanmen Bridge, Lingui County, and Yanshan District. The areas surrounding this WTP are close to urban roads and residences, and no land is reserved for expansion.
Chengbei WTP is located at Nanzhou Village, which is in the upstream of Guilin upstream area and at the west side of the Lijiang River, and it is close to Balijie Area in the west. The phase-I project was initially prepared in 1997, constructed with the fourth batch of yen loans, and put into use in June 2005. The principal structures are constructed as per the 100,000m3/d water supply scale, and a land for expansion of 100,000m3/d scale is reserved. The WTP occupies around 120 mu of land. The trunk water supply pipes are spread along Beihe Road – Beichen Road – Middle Zhongshan Road and East Second Ring Road. The main water supply scope covers Balijie Area, Dongcheng District, Qintan Area and Lingui County. A land is reserved for expansion next to the plant.
In the main urban area, there are two water supply boosting pumping stations at present, and they are Wanfu Road Booster PSand Yanshan Booster Pumping station. Wherein, Wanfu Road Booster PSis located at Wanfu Road, and adopts one DN600 water supply pipe for water supply and drainage; with civil construction based on 30,000 m3/d, Wanfu Road Booster PSsupplies around 15,000 m3/d to New Lingui District at present, and the intake is mainly from Wayao Water Works. Yanshan Booster PS is located at Guiyang Road, and in the south of Around-City Expressway. With civil construction based on 30,000 m3/d, Yanshan Boosting PS supplies around 15,000 m3/d water to Yanshan District at present, and the water is mainly from Wayao Water Treatment Plant.
(2) Current Status of Water Supply in Lingui County
At present, Lingui takes the tap water supply of Guilin as water source, and has one Lingui Booster Pumping station, which has a water supply capacity of around 20,000m3/d. It has a booster PS at Wanfu Road, with a scale of around 15,000m3/d. At present, Lingui urban area has two-way water supply by dint of Lingui Booster Station and Wanfu Road Booster Station. Wherein, Wanfu Road Booster Station supplies water to Lingui through one DN600 trunk water supply pipe, and the average daily water supply of the two booster stations to Lingui is around 35,000m3/d.
(3) Current Status of Water Supply in Liangjiang Air Port Area
Guilin Liangjiang International Airport has a self-constructed WTP, with water sourced from the Yijiang River, and the first-stage intake pump house constructed at Guling. Raw water is delivered with one DN300 and one DN250 pipe to the Airport Water Treatment Plant, and the water delivery pipeline is 4.3km in total. The first-stage intake pump house is equipped with three clean water centrifugal pumps, with individual pump flow rate of 160m3/h, and the maximum water supply capacity of the pump station is around 400m3/h.
The airport self-operated WTP is equipped with 3 water treatment lines (inclined tube clarifiers + filtration), with single line water production capacity of 1980 m3/d under the raw water turbidity below 1000NTU. In 2008, the maximum daily water consumption of the whole airport was 5500 m3/d, and the daily average water consumption fluctuated within the range between 3500~4000 m3/d all the year around. In summer, the water supply at the airport was extremely insufficient, and the water supply pressure at many water user points dropped greatly. At present, the Airport’s self-constructed WTP is operating with full capacity, and the water supply is insufficient in the peak period of water demand in summer.
3.3.2 Water Supply Plan in the Future
According to the Guilin Urban Master Plan Outline (2010-2020), the central urban area of Guilin City will be composed of 17 areas in 8 clusters. With the calculation, the permanent resident pollution by 2025 will reach around 1.1435 million. During the peak season for tourism, the floating population is around 220,600, and the total population would be 1.364 million. The water supply quantity of each areas could be found in Table 3.3-1.
Table 3.3-1 Water Consumption Projection Table of Each Cluster (Area)
|No. |Cluster name |Area name |Permanent Resident |Floating |Daily water |Total Water |
| | | |Populat. (10,000 |Population |consumption |Consumption |
| | | |persons) |(1000 persons). |(10,000m3/d) |(10,000m3/d) |
|1 |Old Central Urban |Old City Area |4 |1.2 |2.15 |11.5 |
| |Area Cluster | | | | | |
| | |Xiangshan Area |6 |3.3 |3.35 | |
| | |Diecai Area |10 |2.5 |6 | |
|2 |Diecai Balijie |Diecai Area |6.3 |2.2 |3.4 |9.8 |
| |cluster | | | | | |
| | |Balijie Area |8 |1 |4.0 | |
| | |Tiexi Area |4.5 |1.2 |2.4 | |
|3 |Wayao Dafeng |Wayao Area |9.4 |2.1 |4.95 |8.1 |
| |Mountain Cluster | | | | | |
| | |Dafengshan Area |6 |1 |3.15 | |
|4 |Lingui District |Lingui Area |7 |1.2 |3.3 |10.0 |
| |Cluster | | | | | |
| | |Central Business |2.2 |1 |1.3 | |
| | |area | | | | |
| | |West Lingui area |6 |1 |3.0 | |
| | |Yangtang Area |2 | |1.2 | |
| | |Miaoling Area |2 | |1.2 | |
|5 |Sitang Cluster |North Sitang Area |2 | |1.1 |2.2 |
| | |South Sitang Area |2 | |1.1 | |
|6 |Qixing Cluster |North Qixing Area |7.2 |2.5 |4.0 |13.4 |
| | |South Qixing Area |10 |2.5 |5.1 | |
| | |Tieshan Area |5 |0.2 |2.5 | |
| | |Yaoshan School Area|5 |0.2 |1.8 | |
|7 |Yanshan Cluster | |9.8 | |3.5 |3.5 |
|8 |Liangjiang Airport| | | |1.0 |1.0 |
| |Cluster | | | | | |
| | |Total |114.4 |22 |59.5 |59.5 |
At the present, there are four WTPs in Guilin City with total design capacity 440,000m3/d and actual capacity is 390,000m3/d. In view of that, Dongzhen Road Water Treatment Plant operates with downsized capacity, while Dongjiang Water Treatment Plant and Wayao Water Treatment Plant maintain the designed water supply capacity, then in 2020, Guilin will still have a gap of 178,200m3/d between water supply and demand. . Among the other three WTPs, only Chengbei WTP has sufficient land in surrounding areas, and this plant area is located in the upstream of this city and has good intake conditions; while Dongjiang WTP, Dongzhen Road WTP, and Wayao WTP don’t have sufficient land for expansion. Therefore, it’s planned to expand the water supply scale of Chengbei WTP to 300,000 m3/d, namely to expand the WTP by 200,000 m3/d based on the existing scale 100,000 m3/d, in order to meet the demand of Guilin urban area on water.
3.4 Current Status and Planning of Drainage System
3.4.1 Current Status of Drainage System
(1) Current Drainage Status of Guilin Urban Area
Guilin urban drainage system are mainly constructed and operated by Guilin Drainage Co. Ltd, which is also responsible for the supervision of sewer network. The constructed length of sewer network in urban area (excluding Lingui Area) is 507.7km.
Three wastewater systems have been formed in the main urban areas of Guilin: (1) The North Area Wastewater System provides services for the main urban areas in the north of Laoren Mountain and Mulong Lake line, and in the west of the Lijiang River; (2) the Central-south Area Wastewater System provides services for the main urban areas in the south of Laoren Mountain and Mulong Lake line, and in the west of the Lijiang River; (3) East Area Wastewater System provides services for the urban areas in the East of the Lijiang River.
North Area is located upstream of whole City of Guilin. Existing wastewater treatment facility is Beichong WWTP. It has designed daily wastewater treatment capacity of 30,000m3/d and commissioned in 2005, adopting A2/O process with effluent quality in compliance of Grade-I Cat B of the WWTP effluent standard. With the increase of wastewater in this area, the amount exceeding the its capacity can be transferred to East Area Wastewater Treatment System through Nanzhouqiao Pumping Station.
The main urban area, wastewater system has basically established a complete system for wastewater collection and transfer. Each wastewater system has own WWTP, which are in normal operation. Shangyao WWTP takes charge of treating the wastewater from Guilin Central-south Area Wastewater System, which collects the wastewater from the largest scope of urban areas in Guilin, including the central cluster of the Old Urban Area Cluster, Tiexi Area, Wayao Area, and Dafengshan Area. Wastewater is mainly collected and raised to Shangyao WWTP through Mantoushan Pumping station, Pingshan Pumping station, Nanmenqiao Pumping station, and Guniushan Pumping station, etc. Shangyao WWTP consists of phase-I and phase-II plant areas; wherein, phase-I plant, put into production in 1981 and reconstructed in 2008, has a scale of 45,000 m3/d, and executes Grade-I Cat. B standard for the effluent. Phase-II plant was commissioned in 1996 with capacity of 100,000m3/d in compliance of effluent standard Grade- Cat. II.
Qilidian WWTP takes charge of treating the wastewater in the urban areas in the east of the Lijiang River and partial wastewater in the North Area of Guilin City. Qilidian WWTP has initial treatment capacity 40000m3/d when commissioned in 1989 but was upgraded to 60,000m3/d (Grade I- Cat B effluent standard) for the existing Phase I plant. The Phase II of the WWTP was in construction, with designed wastewater treatment capacity of 100,000m3/d (Grade I - Cat B effluent standard).
Outside the main urban area, Yanshan district has formed preliminary wastewater system, including Yanshan WWTP, which is normal operation. The plant is responsible of treating the wastewater in Yanshan District, and the service area here is 5km2. With designed daily wastewater treatment scale of 20,000m3/d, and put into operation in 2009, Yanshan WWTP adopts CASS process with effluent in compliance with Grade-I Cat B
Following problems are encountered for the existing wastewater systems:
1) Relatively low standard adopted in original design. At present, WWTPs in Guilin are required to meet grade-I A standard. Therefore all the WWTPs mentioned above are required to be rehabilitated as to meet the effluent standards Grade I – Cat B in order to reduce the discharge of pollutants and protect the Lijiang River.
2) The WWTPs in Guilin are mostly constructed on the borderland of original urban areas. In the recent two decades, Guilin has enjoyed fast urban development, original borderlands have nearly become urban areas. The impact of odors from WWTPs on surrounding environment has become more and more sensitive.
3) Aging, poor reliability, and high energy consumption of facilities. This is not good for energy saving and emission reduction. Moreover, this reduces the reliability of the equipment and it is necessary to rehabilitate the existing facilities.
4) Poor dewatering effect. The existing WWTPs basically realize dewatering through direct concentration of excess sludge, and the dewatered sludge has high water content, averagely 82%~85%. This brings about negative impact on the sludge transport and disposal, so it’s necessary to improve the sludge dewatering facilities, including dosing facilities, in order to improve the sludge dewatering effect.
5) Existing drainage pumping stations need to be rehabilitated urgently. In most of pumping stations, the facilities are aging with frequent failures and low efficiency. The pumping stations are located in the densely populated areas and odor from the pumping operation has great impact on surrounding, There are not metering devices for some drainage pumping stations.
6) The wastewater pipelines are been built for many years and some old and aged pipelines are clogged, settled, misaligned and leaked. The ground water infiltrates the sewers and this leads to concentration of WWTP inflow decrease; In some areas, the wastewater may intrude the ground water due to leakage.
(2) Existing Situation of Lingui District
There are to WWTPs in New Lingui District, which is mainly to treat wastewater of this area. Lingui Xicheng WWTP was invested and constructed by Lingui Urban Investment Company. It was commissioned in 2010 wastewater treatment capacity of 30,000m3/d, meeting the standard of Grade I- Cat A for effluent.. The Lingui New District WWTP, invested and constructed by Guilin Drainage Co Ltd, is under construction with treatment capacity of 30,000m3/d, meeting the standard of Grade I- Cat A for effluent
With the expansion of county town, the construction of the drainage system is to be well developed. The total length of the sewers in the urban setup areas has reached 98.75km. The drainage mains are d800-d1000 along Renmin Road and d600-d1000 along the Xicheng Avenue. Wastewater is drained to Xiaotaipinghe Wastewater Lifting PS, then discharged to Xicheng WWTP.
The existing problems are as shown below:
1) The drainage regime is laggard, and drainage system is imperfect;
2) The municipal drainage infrastructure and pipeline are lack of maintenance. The wastewater pipes in the county seat have ever been maintained and cleaned once after being completed many years ago, but some pipes fail to exert their due function due to blockage, subsidence and dislocation.
3) The municipal infrastructure construction is laggard. For lack of capital, municipal drainage infrastructure construction is relatively laggard, and this has severely affected the water environment and the development of economic construction in the county.
(3) Current Status of Drainage in Lingchuan East Balijie Cluster
Lingchuan East Balijie Cluster is located in the east completed area, which is on the plot in the east of Balijie Hunan-Guangxi Railway, close to the Lijiang River, and gives priority to the land for commerce & trade and residence. It covers a land of around 5.72 km2. According to the planning, the wastewater in East Balijie Cluster will be treated by the WWTPs in Guilin. The concrete planning scheme is to construct one wastewater lifting PS in the east completed area for lifting the wastewater gathered in the East Area (rain-wastewater splitting), and then to transport the wastewater along the main wastewater pipe in the sections of Balisi Road, Lingchuan Avenue, and North Zhongshan Road to a WWTP in Guilin City. Underground wastewater lifting pumping station, with designed flow rate of 10,000 m3/d has been constructed in the east completed area. However, the wastewater collecting pipeline network is not perfect enough. The drainage pipe at some raods is of direct drainage type, and wastewater is directly drained to the Lijiang River, resulting in the pollution of the water body.
The basic data of Guilin Wastewater Systems are summarized in Table 3.4-1.
Table 3.4-1 The basic data of Guilin Wastewater Systems
|No |Name of |Service Area |Exist. Service |Existing WWTP |Notes |
| |system | |Population | | |
| | | |x1000 person | | |
| | | | |
|1 |Beichong WWTP |Taohua River |Class Ⅳ |
|2 |Qilidian WWTP |Lijiang River |Class Ⅳ |
|3 |Shangyao WWTP |Nanwan River |Class Ⅳ |
|4 |Yanshan WWTP |Liangfeng River |Class Ⅳ |
|5 |Lingui WWTP |Xiaotaiping River |Class Ⅲ |
3.4.2 Drainage Plan
The quantity of wastewater within the service scope of the wastewater systems in the service scope in 2025 will be predicted through the reduction of proposed water consumption. The reduction coefficient is considered to be 0.80. The quantity of wastewater is as shown in Table 3.4-3.
Table 3.4-3 Wastewater Quantity Projection for 2025 Table
|No. |Name of wastewater system |Service scope |
|1# |Boundry of Beichong WWTP |Ammonia , hydrogen sulfide, odor |
|2# |Boundry of Qilidian WWTP | |
|3# |Boundry of Shangyao WWTP | |
|4# |Boundry of Yanshan WWTP | |
|5# |Boundry of Lingui WWTP | |
|6# |Boundry of Nanzhou Wastewater Pumping station | |
|7# |Boundry of Qingfeng Wastewater PS | |
|8# |Boundry of Mantoushan Wastewater PS | |
II. Monitoring Items and Analysis Method
The items selected for current air quality monitoring: Ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and concentration of odor. The technical specifications and methods adopted for this monitoring mainly include HJ/T194-2005 Technical Specifications for Manual Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality. The details about monitoring analysis method and lower detection limit are as shown in Table 3.3-2.
Table 3.6-2 Monitoring and Analysis Method, and Detection Limit
|No. |Testing item |Analysis method |Detection limit |
|1 |Ammonia |HJ533-2009 Air and Exhaust Gas – Determination of Ammonia – |Detection limit 0.001 mg/m3 |
| | |Nessler’s Reagent Spectrophotometry | |
|2 |Hydrogen sulfide |Air and Exhaust Gas Monitoring and Analysis Method (Fourth |Detection limit 0.001 mg/m3 |
| | |Supplemented Version) Methylene Blue Spectrophotometric Method | |
| | |(B) | |
|3 |Odor concentration |GB/T14675-93 Air Quality – Determination of Odor – Triangle Odor |/ |
| | |Bag Method | |
III. Monitoring Time and Frequency
The monitoring lasted for 5 days, from Nov. 2 to Nov. 6, 2013. The sampling lasted for two days, and was conducted for four times every day, lasting for 1h each time. The time section of sampling was 02: 00, 08: 00, 14: 00, 20: 00 respectively. During monitoring, the measurement of meteorologic parameters was conducted simultaneously, including air temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind direction, and wind speed, etc.
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IV. Assessment Standard
The concentration of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and odor discharged by the existing WWTPs in Guilin under the project should meet the grade-II standard for the discharge concentration permissible of air pollutants in the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP (GB 18918-2002).
For the detailed standard limit value, please refer to the Table 3.3-3.
Table 3.3-3 Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP Unit: mg/m3
|Item |Ammonia |Hydrogen sulfide |Odor concentration |
| | | |(non-dimensional) |
|Standard value |1.5 |0.06 |20 |
V. Assessment Method
Single quality index method is adopted for assessment:
Ii=Ci/Coi
Wherein: Ii ——The single quality index of some pollutant, Ii＞1, indicating that pollution has occurred, on the contrary, pollution has not occurred.
Ci ——Actually measured concentration of some pollutant, mg/m3;
Coi ——Assessment standard of some pollutant, mg/m3.
VI. Monitoring Result and Assessment
The monitoring result at each monitoring point is as shown in Table 3.6-4, and the statistical analysis result of monitoring is as shown in Table 3.6-5.
Table 3.6-4 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Result
|Sampling |Time |Sampling point |Monitoring result |Meteorological parameters |
| | |location | | |
| | | |Ammonia |Hydrogen sulfide |
|BeichongWWTP Boundary |Scope of single concentration |0.025~0.463 |0.001~0.003 | ................
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