AQA GCSE Science



Organic chemistry homework 11The displayed formula of a compound isChoose an answer from the lists to complete each sentence.aThis compound is called ………………………………(1)methanol?ethanol?propanolbThe structural formula of this compound is ………………………….(1)CH3CH2OH?CH3COOH?CH3COOCH3cThe functional group in this compound is ……………………………(1)–COOH?–OH?–COO–2The structural formulae of three substances A, B and C are shown.CH3CH2COOH??CH3COOCH2CH3??CH3CH2CH2OHABCaMatch each substance with the group of compounds to which it belongs.ialcohol ………….iicarboxylic acid …………iiiester ……………(1)bWhich substance is called ethyl ethanoate? ………………(1)cWhich substance has the formula C3H6O2? ……………….(1)3A technician found three bottles of liquids on a shelf. The labels had fallen off. The labels were ethanol, ethanoic acid and ethyl ethanoate. The technician wrote A, B and C on the three bottles and tested the liquids. The technician’s results are shown in the table.TestResultsABCAdd a few drops of liquid to 2 cm3 of water and add Universal Indicator.redgreengreenAdd a few drops of sodium carbonate solution to 2 cm3 of liquid.fizzedno reactionno reactionAdd a small piece of sodium to 2 cm3 of liquidnot testedfizzedno reactionMatch the labels with the liquids A, B and C, giving reasons for your conclusions.(4)4Methylated spirits is a mixture of ethanol with 5 to 10% methanol. Methanol is much more toxic than ethanol. Methylated spirits is used as a fuel for spirit burners and as a solvent for cleaning and decorating.The equation for the complete combustion of ethanol is: CH3CH2OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2OaiWrite a word equation for the complete combustion of methanol.(1)iiSuggest two reasons why methylated spirits is suitable for use as a fuel in spirit burners used as camping stoves.(2)biWhat is the structural formula of methanol?(1)iiExplain why methanol mixes completely with ethanol.(2)cMethylated spirits can be used to clean glass windows and mirrors. Suggest two properties that make it suitable for cleaning glass.(2)dMethylated spirits containing 90 to 95% ethanol costs much less than vodka containing 40% ethanol. This is because alcohol sold in the UK for drinking is taxed at a high rate by the UK government.iSuggest one reason why the UK government tax alcohol for drinking at a high rate.(1)iiWhy is methylated spirits not taxed at the same rate?(1)5aThe flavour and smell of wine that is kept in bottles for some time may improve. One of the reactions that may take place is:CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH → CH3COOCH2CH3 + H2OExplain why this reaction would improve the smell of the wine.(2)bBeer contains about 5% ethanol. Explain why beer that is left exposed to the air for several hours tastes sour.(3)6Sulfuric acid ionises completely when dissolved in water.aBalance the equation that shows what happens to sulfuric acid in water.….H2SO4(aq) → ….H+(aq) + ….SO42–(aq)[H] (1)bWrite a balanced symbol equation to show what happens when ethanoic acid, CH3COOH, is dissolved in water.[H] (2)cYou have been given two solutions of acids with the same concentration. One is ethanoic acid, the other is sulfuric acid. Describe and give the results of a test that you could use to show which acid is in each solution. Explain the results of your test.[H] (5) ................
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